Preface |
Introduction to Transmission Lines and Their Application to Electromagnetic Phenomena / 1: |
Simple Experimental Example / 1.1: |
Examples of Impulse Sources / 1.2: |
Model Outline / 1.3: |
Application of Model to Small Node Resistance / 1.4: |
Transmission Line Theory Background / 1.5: |
Initial Conditions of Special Interest / 1.6: |
One Dimensional TLM Analysis. Comparison with Finite Difference Method |
TLM Iteration Method / 1.7: |
Reverse TLM Iteration / 1.8: |
Derivation of Scattering Coefficients For Reverse Iteration / 1.9: |
Complete TLM Iteration (Combining Forward and Reverse Iterations) / 1.10: |
Finite Difference Method. Comparison with TLM Method / 1.11: |
Two Dimensional TLM Analysis. Comparison with Finite Difference Method |
Boundary Conditions at 2D Node / 1.12: |
Static Behavior about 2D Node / 1.13: |
Non-static Example: Wave Incident on 2D node / 1.14: |
Integral Rotational Properties of Field about the Node / 1.15: |
2D TLM Iteration Method for Nine Cell Core Matrix / 1.16: |
2D Finite Difference Method. Comparison with TLM Method / 1.17: |
Final Comments: Inclusion of Time Varying Signals and Phase Coherence / 1.18: |
Appendices |
Effect of Additional Paths on Weighing Process / App. 1A.1: |
Novel Applications of TLM Method: Description of Neurological Activity Using the TLM Method / App. 1A.2: |
Notation and Mapping of Physical Properties / 2: |
1D Cell Notation and Mapping of Conductivity and Field / 2.1: |
Neighboring 1D Cells with Unequal Impedance / 2.2: |
2D Cell Notation, Mapping of Conductivity and Field / 2.3: |
Simultaneous Conductivity Contributions / 2.4: |
3D Cell Notation, Mapping of Conductivity and Field / 2.5: |
Other Node Controlled Properties |
Node Control of 2D Scattering Coefficients Due to Finite Node Resistance / 2.6: |
Signal Gain / 2.7: |
Signal Generation. Use of Node Coupling / 2.8: |
Mode Conversion / 2.9: |
Example of Mapping: Node Resistance in Photoconductive Semiconductor |
Semiconductor Switch Geometry (2D) / 2.10: |
Node Resistance Profile in Semiconductor / 2.11: |
Scattering Equations / 3: |
1D Scattering Equation / 3.1: |
2D Scattering Equations / 3.2: |
Effect of Symmetry on Scattering Coefficients / 3.3: |
3D Scattering Equations: Coplanar Scattering / 3.4: |
General Scattering, Including Scattering Normal to Propagation Plane |
Simple 3D Equivalent TLM Circuit / 3.5: |
Quasi-Coupling / 3.6: |
Neglect of Quasi-Coupling / 3.7: |
Simple Quasi-Coupling Circuit. First Order Approximation / 3.8: |
Correction to Quasi-Coupling Circuit: Second Order Approximation / 3.9: |
Calculation of Load Impedance with Quasi-Coupling / 3.10: |
Small Coupling Approximation of Second Order Quasi-Coupling / 3.11: |
General 3D Scattering Process Using Cell Notation / 3.12: |
Complete Iterative Equations / 3.13: |
Contribution of Electric and Magnetic Fields to the Total Energy / 3.14: |
Plane Wave Behavior |
Response of 2D Cell Matrix to Input Plane Wave / 3.15: |
Response of 2D Cell Matrix to Input Waves with Arbitrary Amplitudes / 3.16: |
Response of 3D Cell Matrix to Input Plane Wave / 3.17: |
Final Comments of Uniform Waves versus Plane Waves / 3.18: |
Consistency of 3D Circuit with the TLM Static Solutions / App. 3A.1: |
3D Scattering Coefficients, Without Quasi-Coupling in Terms of Circuit Parameters / App. 3A.2: |
3D Scattering Coefficients with Both Coplanar and Aplanar Contributions into Unit Cell Lines (yz and zx Planes) / App. 3A.3: |
3D Scattering Equations: with Both Coplanar and Aplanar Contributions into Unit Cell Lines (yz and zx Planes) / App. 3A.4: |
Corrections for Plane Waves and Grid Anisotropy Effects / 4: |
Partition of TLM Waves into Component Waves / 4.1: |
Scattering Corrections for 2D Plane Waves: Plane Wave Correlations Between Cells / 4.2: |
Changes to 2D Scattering Coefficients / 4.3: |
Corrections to Plane Wave Correlations |
Correlation of Waves in Adjoining Media with Differing Dielectric Constants / 4.4: |
Modification of Wave Correlation Adjacent a Conducting Boundary / 4.5: |
Decorrelation Processes |
Decorrelation Due to Sign Disparity of Plane and Symmetric Waves / 4.6: |
Related Scattering Criteria and Sign Conditions for Removal of the Sign Disparity / 4.7: |
Minimal Solution Using Differing Decorrelation Factors to Remove Sign Disparities / 4.8: |
Decorrelation of Forward and Backward Plane Waves with Same Polarity in Neighboring Series TLM Lines Without Losses / 4.9: |
Decorrelation of Forward and Backward Plane Waves with the Same Polarity Occupying the Same TLM Line / 4.10: |
Decorrelation Treatment at Boundary Interfaces / 4.11: |
Comments on Interaction of Plane Wave Front with a Half-Infinite Conducting Plane / 4.12: |
Summary of Correlation/Decorrelation Processes / 4.13: |
Treatment of Grid Orientation Effects |
Dependence of Wave Energy Dispersal on Grid Orientation for Symmetric and Plane Waves / 4.14: |
Selection of Grid for Plane Waves / 4.15: |
Transformation Properties between Grids / 4.16: |
Possible Mini-Plane Wave Fronts Associated with Each Cell. Plane Wave Partitioning / 4.17: |
Grid(s) Selection. Propagation Vector Independence |
Transformation of Fields to Principal Grid / 4.18: |
Incorporation of Symmetric Waves / 4.19: |
Iteration Method Using Principal Grid Transformations / 4.20: |
Treatment of Separate TLM Correlated Wave Sources / 4.21: |
Final Comments / 4.22: |
3D Scattering Corrections of Plane Waves (Plane Wave Correlations) / App. 4A.1: |
Consistency of Plane Wave Correlations with a Simple Quantum Mechanical Model / App. 4A.2: |
Boundary Conditions and Dispersion / 5: |
Dielectric-Dielectric Interface / 5.1: |
Node Coupling: Nearest Node and Multi-Coupled Node Approximations |
Nearest Nodes for 1D Interface / 5.2: |
Nearest Nodes at 2D Interface / 5.3: |
Truncated Cells and Oblique Interface / 5.4: |
Cell Index Notation at a Dielectric Interface Used in Simulations / 5.5: |
Simplified Iteration Neglecting the Nearest Node Approximation / 5.6: |
Non-Uniform Dielectric. Use of Cluster Cells / 5.7: |
Other Boundary Conditions |
Dielectric - Open Circuit Interface / 5.8: |
Dielectric - Conductor Interface / 5.9: |
Input/Output Conditions / 5.10: |
Composite Transmission Line / 5.11: |
Determination of Initial Static Field by TLM Method / 5.12: |
Dispersion |
TLM Methods for Treating Dispersion / 5.13: |
Dispersion Sources / 5.14: |
Dispersion Example / 5.15: |
Propagation Velocity Dispersion / 5.16: |
Node Resistance Dispersion / 5.17: |
Anomalous Dispersion / 5.18: |
Incorporation of Dispersion into TLM Formulation |
Dispersion Approximations / 5.19: |
Outline of Dispersion Calculation Using the TLM Method / 5.20: |
One Dimensional Dispersion Iteration / 5.21: |
Initial Conditions with Dispersion Present / 5.22: |
Stability of Initial Profiles with Dispersion Present / 5.23: |
Replacement of Non-uniform Field in Cell with Effective Uniform Field / 5.24: |
Appendix |
Specification of Input/Output Node Resistance to Eliminate Multiple Reflections / App. 5A.1: |
Cell Discharge Properties and Integration of Transport Phenomena into the Transmission Line Matrix / 6: |
Charge Transfer between Cells / 6.1: |
Relationship between Field and Cell Charge / 6.2: |
Dependence of Conductivity on Carrier Properties / 6.3: |
Integration of Carrier Transport Using TLM Notation. Changes in Cell Occupancy and Its Effect on the TLM Iteration |
General Continuity Equations / 6.4: |
Carrier Generation Due to Light Activation / 6.5: |
Carrier Generation Due to Avalanching: Identical Hole and Electron Drift Velocities / 6.6: |
Avalanching with Differing Hole and Electron Drift Velocities / 6.7: |
Two Step Generation Process / 6.8: |
Recombination / 6.9: |
Limitations of Simple Exponential Recovery Model / 6.10: |
Carrier Drift / 6.11: |
Cell Charge Iteration. Equivalence of Drift and Inter-Cell Currents Using TLM Notation / 6.12: |
Carrier Diffusion / 6.13: |
Frequency of Transport Iteration / 6.14: |
Total Contribution to Changes in Carrier Cell Occupancy / 6.15: |
Description of TLM Iteration / 7: |
Specification of Geometry / 7.1: |
Use of TLM Matrix / 7.2: |
Various Regions which Incorporate Plane Wave Correlation/Decorrelation (PWC Effects) into the Iteration / 7.3: |
Simplified Decorrelation Procedure Used for Simulations in Chapter VII / 7.4: |
Description of Inputs, Arrays, and Initial Conditions / 7.5: |
Plane Wave Correllation (PWC) Inputs / 7.6: |
Iteration Outline / 7.7: |
Node Resistance R(n,m) Changes. Use of Light Activation / 7.8: |
Symmetric Scattering Simulations |
Symmetric Field Evolution with and without Node Activation / 7.9: |
PWC Simulations. Comparison of PWC and Symmetric Results |
Comparison of Output Waveforms and Static Profiles for Symmetric and PWC Simulations / 7.10: |
Comparison of Forward and Backward Waves when Using Wave Correlation / 7.11: |
Risetime and Alternating Field Effects in the Guided Region / 7.12: |
Field Profile Evolution during Transient Charge-up Phase / 7.13: |
Effect of Load Mismatch on Output and Field Profile / 7.14: |
Node Recovery and its Effect on Output Pulse and Field Profile / 7.15: |
Effects of Risetime on Conductivity / 7.16: |
Partial Activation of Nodes and Effect on Profiles and Output / 7.17: |
Cell Charge Following Recovery / 7.18: |
Role of TLM Waves at Charged Boundary / 7.19: |
Incorporation of 3D Scattering Parameters into 2D Iteration. Application to Magnetostatic Solutions / 7.20: |
Summary: Comparison of PWC and Symmetric Simulation Results / 7.21: |
Outline Discussion of Program Statements for Activated Semiconductor Switch / 7A.1: |
Program Statements for Optically Activated Semiconductor Switch / 7A.2: |
Matching Node Resistors for Input & Output Sections / 7A.3: |
Field Decay in Semiconductor Using the TLM Formulation / 7A.4: |
Spice Solutions / 8: |
Photoconductive/Avalanche Switch / 8.1: |
Traveling Wave Marx Generator / 8.2: |
Traveling Marx Wave in a Layered Dielectric / 8.3: |
Pulse Transformation and Generation Using Non-Uniform Transmission Lines |
Use of Cell Chain to Simulate Pulse Transformer / 8.4: |
Pulse Transformer Simulation Results / 8.5: |
Pulse Source Using Non-Uniform TLM Lines (Switch at Output) / 8.6: |
Radial Pulse Source (Switch at Output) / 8.7: |
Pulse Sources with Gain (PFXL Sources) / 8.8: |
Darlington Pulser |
TLM Formulation of Darlington Pulser / 8.9: |
SPICE Simulation of Lossy Darlington Pulser / 8.10: |
Introduction To SPICE Format / 8A.1: |
Discussion of Format for Photoconductive Switch / 8A.2: |
TLM Analysis of Leading Edge Pulse in a Transformer / 8A.3: |
TLM Analysis of Leading Edge Wave in PFXL / 8A.4: |
Biography of Maurice Weiner |
Index |
Preface |
Introduction to Transmission Lines and Their Application to Electromagnetic Phenomena / 1: |
Simple Experimental Example / 1.1: |
Examples of Impulse Sources / 1.2: |
Model Outline / 1.3: |
Application of Model to Small Node Resistance / 1.4: |