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図書
Roel Prins ... [et al]
出版情報: Hackensack, New Jersey : World Scientific, c2022  xviii, 392 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名: Advanced textbooks in chemistry
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Preface
About the Authors
Introduction / 1:
Catalysis and Catalysts / 1.1:
Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalysis / 1.2:
Production of Ammonia / 1.3:
Kinetics and Thermodynamics / 1.3.1:
Activity, Selectivity and Stability / 1.3.2:
H2 Production / 1.3.3:
Ammonia Synthesis / 1.3.4:
Relevance of Catalysis / 1.4:
References
Questions
Catalyst Preparation and Characterisation / 2:
Supported Catalysts / 2.1:
Crystal Structures / 2.2:
Crystal Lattices / 2.2.1:
X-ray Diffraction / 2.2.2:
Aluminas / 2.3:
Aluminium Hydroxides and Oxyhydroxides / 2.3.1:
Transition Aluminas / 2.3.2:
¿-Al2O3 / 2.3.3:
Surface of ¿-Al2O3 / 2.3.4:
Lewis acid sites / 2.3.5.1:
Brønsted acid sites / 2.3.5.2:
Surface reconstruction / 2.3.5.3:
Silica / 2.4:
Preparation of Supported Catalysts / 2.5:
Adsorption / 3:
Physisorption / 3.1:
Adsorption on Surfaces / 3.1.1:
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm / 3.1.2:
Multilayer Adsorption, BET / 3.1.3:
Surface Diffusion / 3.2:
Chemisorption / 3.3:
Chemical Bonding / 3.3.1:
Dissociative Chemisorption / 3.3.2:
Kinetics / 4:
Langmuir-Hinshelwood Model / 4.1:
Monomolecular Reaction / 4.1.1:
Surface reaction is rate-determining / 4.1.1.1:
Adsorption of the reactant or product is rate-determining / 4.1.1.2:
Bimolecular Reaction / 4.1.2:
Influence of Diffusion / 4.2:
Bifunctional Catalysis / 4.3:
Metal Surfaces / 5:
Surface Structures / 5.1:
Surface Analysis / 5.2:
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy / 5.2.1:
Auger Electron Spectroscopy / 5.2.2:
Surface Sensitivity / 5.2.3:
Surface Enrichment / 5.3:
Metal Binding / 5.4:
Metal Catalysis / 6:
Dissociation of H2 / 6.1:
Hydrogenation of Ethene / 6.2:
Synthesis of CO and H2 / 6.3:
Hydrogenation of CO / 6.4:
CO Hydrogenation to Hydrocarbons / 6.4.1:
CO dissociation / 6.4.1.1:
Methanation / 6.4.1.2:
Fischer-Tropsch reaction / 6.4.1.3:
Hydrogenation of CO and CO2 to Methanol / 6.4.2:
CO hydrogenation to methanol / 6.4.2.1:
CO2 hydrogenation to methanol / 6.4.2.2:
Hydrogenation of N2 to Ammonia / 6.5:
Fe Catalyst / 6.5.1:
Ru Catalyst / 6.5.2:
Volcano Curves / 6.6:
Catalysis by Solid Acids / 7:
Solid Acid Catalysts / 7.1:
Zeolites / 7.1.1:
Amorphous Silica-Alumina / 7.1.2:
Reactions of Hydrocarbons / 7.2:
Reactions of Alkenes and Alkanes / 7.2.1:
Isomerisation of Pentane, Hexane and Butene / 7.2.2:
Alcohols from Alkenes / 7.3:
Alkylation of Aromatics / 7.4:
Ethylation and Propylation of Benzene / 7.4.1:
Methylation of Toluene / 7.4.2:
Isomerisation, Disproportionation, Transalkylation / 7.4.3:
Gasoline Production / 7.5:
Fluid Catalytic Cracking and Hydrocracking / 7.5.1:
Methanol to Hydrocarbons / 7.5.2:
Reforming of Hydrocarbons by Bifunctional Catalysis / 7.5.3:
Cleaning of Fuels by Hydrotreating / 8:
Hydrotreating / 8.1:
Hydrotreating Catalysts / 8.2:
Metal Sulfides / 8.2.1:
Structure of sulfided Co-Mo/Al2O3 and Ni-Mo/Al2O3 / 8.2.1.1:
Active sites / 8.2.1.2:
Metal Phosphides / 8.2.2:
Reaction Mechanisms / 8.3:
Hydro desulfurisation / 8.3.1:
Hydrodenitrogenation / 8.3.2:
Hydrodeoxygenation / 8.3.3:
Hydrotreating of Mixtures / 8.3.4:
Hydrotreating Processes / 8.4:
Hydrodesulfurisation of Naphtha / 8.4.1:
Hydrotreating of Diesel / 8.4.2:
Residue Hydro conversion / 8.4.3:
Oxidation Catalysis / 9:
CO Oxidation / 9.1:
Mechanism / 9.1.1:
Three-way Catalysis / 9.1.2:
Production of Sulfuric and Nitric Acid / 9.2:
Sulfuric Acid / 9.2.1:
Nitric Acid / 9.2.2:
Selective Catalytic Reduction / 9.2.3:
Oxidation of Hydrocarbons / 9.3:
Oxidation by Oxygen / 9.3.1:
Oxidation by Hydroperoxide / 9.3.2:
Selective Partial Oxidation of Hydrocarbons / 9.3.3:
Oxidation of propene to acrylic acid and acrylonitrile / 9.3.3.1:
Oxidation of C4 and C6 molecules / 9.3.3.2:
Platform Chemicals / 9.4:
Electrocatalysis / 10:
Fundamental Aspects / 10.1:
Electrochemical Cells / 10.2.1:
Cell and Electrode Potentials / 10.2.2:
The Nernst Equation / 10.2.3:
Overpotential / 10.2.4:
Electrode Kinetics / 10.2.5:
Experimental Methods and Techniques / 10.3:
Three-Electrode Cell Configuration / 10.3.1:
Techniques for Electrocatalyst Evaluation / 10.3.2:
Linear Sweep Voltammetry and Cyclic Voltammetry / 10.3.3:
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy / 10.3.4:
Rotating Disc Electrode / 10.3.5:
The Electro chemically Active Surface Area / 10.3.6:
Electrocatalysis for the Production of Sustainable Fuels and Chemicals / 10.4:
Development of Electrocatalysts / 10.4.1:
Hydrogen Evolution Reaction / 10.4.2:
Oxygen Evolution Reaction / 10.4.3:
CO2 Electroreduction / 10.4.4:
Other Electrochemical Processes / 10.4.5:
Answers
Index
Preface
About the Authors
Introduction / 1:
2.

電子ブック

EB
A. J. Larner
出版情報: SpringerLink Books - AutoHoldings , Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2022
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出版情報: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) Standards , IEEE, 2022
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出版情報: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) Conference Proceedings , IEEE, 2022
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出版情報: IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) Conference Proceedings , IEEE, 2022
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Neil R. Champness
出版情報: Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Books , Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 2022
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学位
Wang Li-Hsiang
出版情報: 東京 : 東京工業大学, 2022  1 online resource
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図書

図書
Offshore Technology Conference
出版情報: Richardson, Tex. : Offshore Technology Conference , Red Hook, NY : Printed by Curran Associates, 2022  p. 714-1429 ; 28 cm
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Michael. Friedewald, Stephan Krenn, Ina Schiering, Stefan Schiffner
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Janusz. Kacprzyk, Valentina E. Balas, Mostafa Ezziyyani
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17.

学位論文

学位
Wenxuan Xu
出版情報: 東京 : 東京工業大学, 2022  1 online resource
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18.

図書

図書
Brian W. Pfennig
出版情報: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 2022  xvi, 804 p. ; 28 cm
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目次情報: 続きを見る
Preface to the Second Edition
Acknowledgments
About the Companion Website
The Structure of Matter / Chapter 1:
Science as an Art Form / 1.1:
Atomism / 1.2:
The Anatomy of an Atom / 1.3:
The Periodic Table of the Elements / 1.4:
The Nucleus / 1.5:
Nuclear Reactions / 1.6:
Radioactive Decay and the Band of Stability / 1.7:
The Shelf Model of the Nucleus / 1.8:
The Origin of the Elements / 1.9:
The Big Bang / 1.9.1:
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis / 1.9.2:
Stellar Nucleosynthesis / 1.9.3:
The s-Process and the r-Process / 1.9.4:
Exercises
Bibliography
The Structure of the Atom / Chapter 2:
The Wave-Like Properties of Light / 2.1:
The Electromagnetic Spectrum / 2.2:
The Interference of Waves / 2.3:
The Line Spectrum of Hydrogen / 2.4:
Energy Levels in Atoms / 2.5:
The Bohr Model of the Atom / 2.6:
In-Depth: Derivation of the Bohr Model of the Atom / 2.6.1:
The Wave-Like Properties of Matter / 2.7:
Circular Standing Waves and the Quantization of Angular Momentum / 2.8:
The Classical Wave Equation / 2.9:
The Particle in a Box Model / 2.10:
In-Depth: The Quantum Mechanical Behavior of Nanoparticles / 2.10.1:
The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle / 2.11:
The Schrödinger Equation / 2.12:
The Hydrogen Atom / 2.13:
The Radial Wave Functions / 2.13.1:
The Angular Wave Functions / 2.13.2:
The Spin Quantum Number / 2.14:
The Topological Atom / 2.15:
In-Depth: Atomic Units / 2.15.1:
The Periodicity of the Elements / Chapter 3:
Introduction / 3.1:
Hydrogenic Orbitals in Polyelectronic Atoms / 3.2:
In-Depth: The Helium Atom / 3.2.1:
The Quantum Structure of the Periodic Table / 3.3:
Electron Configurations / 3.4:
Shielding and Effective Nuclear Charges / 3.5:
Ionization Energy / 3.6:
Electron Affinity / 3.7:
Theoretical Radii / 3.8:
In-Depth: How the Radius Affects Other Properties / 3.8.1:
Polarizability / 3.9:
The Metal-Nonmetal Staircase / 3.10:
Global Hardness / 3.11:
Electronegativity / 3.12:
The Uniqueness Principle / 3.13:
Diagonal Properties / 3.14:
Relativistic Effects / 3.15:
The Inert-Pair Effect / 3.16:
An Introduction to Chemical Bonding / Chapter 4:
The Definition of a Chemical Bond / 4.1:
The Thermodynamic Driving Force for Bond Formation / 4.2:
Lewis Structures and Formal Charges / 4.3:
Rules for Drawing Lewis Structures / 4.3.1:
Covalent Bond Lengths and Bond Dissociation Energies / 4.4:
Resonance / 4.5:
Electronegativity and Polar Covalent Bonding / 4.6:
Types of Chemical Bonds-The Triangle of Bonding / 4.7:
Atoms in Molecules / 4.8:
Molecular Geometry / Chapter 5:
X-Ray Crystallography and the Determination of Molecular Geometry / 5.1:
Linnett'S Double Quartet Theory / 5.2:
Valence-Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory / 5.3:
Rules for Determining the Geometry of a Molecule Using VSEPD Theory / 5.3.1:
The Ligand Close-Packing Model / 5.4:
A Comparison of the VSEPR and LCP Models / 5.5:
Symmetry Elements and Symmetry Operations / Chapter 6:
Identity, E / 6.1:
Proper Rotation, Cn / 6.1.2:
Reflection, ¿ / 6.1.3:
Inversion, i / 6.1.4:
Improper Rotation, Sn / 6.1.5:
Symmetry Groups / 6.2:
Molecular Point Groups / 6.3:
In-Depth: Dipole Moments / 6.3.1:
Representations of Symmetry Operations / 6.4:
Character Tables / 6.5:
Irreducible Representations and Characters / 6.5.1:
Degenerate Representations / 6.5.2:
Rules Regarding Irreducible Representations / 6.5.3:
Conjugate Matrices and Classes / 6.5.4:
Mulliken Symbols / 6.5.5:
Direct Products / 6.6:
Reducible Representations and the Great Orthogonality Theorem / 6.7:
Molecular Spectroscopy and the Selection Rules / 6.8:
Infrared Spectroscopy / 6.8.1:
Raman Spectroscopy / 6.8.2:
A Summary of the Selection Rules for Vibrational Spectroscopy / 6.8.3:
In-Depth: Resonance Raman Spectroscopy / 6.8.4:
Determining the Symmetries of the Normal Modes of Vibration / 6.9:
Determining a Molecule's Likely Geometry from Its Spectroscopy / 6.10:
Generating Symmetry Coordinates Using the Projection Operator Method / 6.11:
Structure and Bonding in Molecules / Chapter 7:
Molecules as Unique Entities / 7.1:
Valence Bond Theory / 7.2:
Diatomic Molecules / 7.2.1:
In-Depth: A Mathematical Treatment of VBT / 7.2.2:
Polyatomic Atoms and Hybridization / 7.2.3:
Variable Hybridization / 7.2.4:
Bent's Rule / 7.2.5:
Hypervalent Molecules / 7.2.6:
Sigma and pi Bonding / 7.2.7:
Transition Metal Compounds / 7.2.8:
Limitations of Valence Bond Theory / 7.2.9:
Molecular Orbital Theory / 7.3:
Homonuclear Diatomics / 7.3.1:
In-Depth; A Mathematical Treatment of MOT / 7.3.2:
Mixing / 7.3.3:
Heteronuclear Diatomics / 7.3.4:
The Covalent to Ionic Transition in MOT / 7.3.5:
Polyatomic Molecules: H3- and H3+ / 7.3.6:
Correlation Diagrams and the Prediction of Molecular Geometry / 7.3.7:
A Brief Introduction to the Jahn-Teller Effect / 7.3.8:
AHn Molecules and Walsh Diagrams / 7.3.9:
In-Depth: Pearson's Symmetry Rules for Predicting the Structures of AHn Molecules / 7.3.10:
Polyatomic Molecules Having pi Orbitals / 7.3.11:
In-Depth: Pearson's Symmetry Rules for Predicting the Structures of AXn Molecules / 7.3.12:
pi Molecular Orbitals and Hückel Theory / 7.3.13:
Combining VB Concepts into MO Diagrams / 7.3.14:
Hypercoordinated Molecules / 7.3.15:
MO Diagrams for Transition Metal Compounds / 7.3.16:
Metal-Metal Bonding / 7.3.17:
Three-Centered, Two-Electron Bonding in Diborane / 7.3.18:
The Complementarity of VBT and MOT / 7.4:
Structure and Bonding in Solids / Chapter 8:
Crystal Structures / 8.1:
The 14 Bravais Lattices / 8.1.1:
Closest-Packed Structures / 8.1.2:
The 32 Crystallographic Point Groups and 230 Space Groups / 8.1.3:
The Determination of Crystal Structures / 8.1.4:
The Bragg Diffraction Law / 8.1.5:
Miller Planes and Indexing Powder Patterns / 8.1.6:
In-Depth: Quasicrystals / 8.1.7:
Metallic Bonding / 8.2:
The Free Electron Mode! of Metallic Bonding / 8.2.1:
Band Theory of Solids / 8.2.2:
Conductivity in Solids / 8.2.3:
In-Depth: the p-n Junction and n-p-n Bipolar Junction Transistor / 8.2.4:
Ionic Bonding / 8.3:
In-Depth: High-Temperature Superconductors / 8.3.1:
Lattice Enthalpies and the Born-Haber Cycle / 8.3.2:
Ionic Radii and Pauling's Rules / 8.3.3:
In-Depth: the Silicates / 8.3.4:
Defects in Crystals / 8.3.5:
Types of Crystalline Solids / 8.4:
Intermediate Types of Bonding in Solids / 8.4.1:
Chemical Structure and Reactivity / Chapter 9:
Acid-Base Chemistry / 9.1:
Definitions of Acids and Bases / 9.1.1:
Measuring the Strengths of Acids and Bases / 9.1.2:
Factors Affecting the Strengths of Acids and Bases / 9.1.3:
Pearson's Hard-Soft Acid-Base Theory / 9.1.4:
The Relationship Between HSAB Theory and FMO Theory / 9.1.5:
Redox Chemistry / 9.2:
The Relationship Between Acid-Base and Redox Chemistry / 9.2.1:
Rationalizing Trends in Standard Reduction Potentials / 9.2.2:
Quantum Structure Property Relationships / 9.2.3:
The Drago-Wayland Parameters / 9.2.4:
A Generalized View of Chemical Reactivity / 9.3:
Coordination Chemistry / Chapter 10:
An Overview of Coordination Chemistry / 10.1:
The Historical Development of Coordination Chemistry / 10.1.1:
Types of Ligands and Proper Nomenclature / 10.1.2:
Stability Constants / 10.1.3:
Isomers / 10.1.4:
Common Coordination Geometries / 10.1.5:
In-Depth: Five-Coordinate Compounds / 10.1.6:
The Shapes of the d-Orbitals / 10.1.7:
Models of Bonding in Coordination Compounds / 10.2:
Crystal Field Theory / 10.2.1:
Ligand Field Theory / 10.2.2:
Quantitative Measures of LF Strength / 10.2.3:
Electronic Spectroscopy of Coordination Compounds / 10.3:
Term Symbols / 10.3.1:
Tanabe-Sugano Diagrams / 10.3.2:
Electronic Absorptions and the Selection Rules / 10.3.3:
Using Tanabe-Sugano Diagrams to Interpret or Predict Electronic Spectra / 10.3.4:
The Effect of Reduced Symmetry on Electronic Transitions / 10.3.5:
The Jahn-Teller Effect / 10.3.6:
Charge Transfer Transitions / 10.3.7:
Magnetic Properties of Coordination Compounds / 10.3.8:
Diamagnetism / 10.3.9:
Paramagnetism / 10.3.10:
Antiferromagnetism / 10.3.11:
Ferromagnetism / 10.3.12:
Ferrimagnetism / 10.3.13:
Reactions of Coordination Compounds / Chapter 11:
An Introduction to Kinetics and Reaction Coordinate Diagrams / 11.1:
Zero-Order Reactions / 11.1.1:
First-Order Reactions (Irreversible) / 11.1.2:
First-Order Reactions (Reversible and Coming to Equilibrium) / 11.1.3:
Simple Second-Order Reactions (irreversible) / 11.1.4:
Complex Second-Order Reactions (Reversible and Coming to Equilibrium) / 11.1.5:
Complex Second-Order Reactions (Irreversible) / 11.1.6:
Pseudo First-Order Reactions / 11.1.7:
Consecutive First-Order Reactions and the Steady-State Approximation / 11.1.8:
Competing Mechanisms / 11.1.9:
Summary of the Common Rate Laws / 11.1.10:
The Arrhenius Equation / 11.1.11:
Activation Parameters / 11.1.12:
Octahedral Substitution Reactions / 11.2:
Associative (A) Mechanisms / 11.2.1:
Interchange (I) Mechanisms / 11.2.2:
Dissociative (D) Mechanisms / 11.2.3:
Acid and Base Catalysis / 11.2.4:
Ligand Field Activation Energies / 11.2.5:
Square Planar Substitution Reactions / 11.3:
The Trans Effect / 11.3.1:
The Effects of the Leaving Group and the Nucleophile / 11.3.2:
MOT and Square Planar Substitution / 11.3.3:
Electron Transfer Reactions / 11.4:
Outer-Sphere Electron Transfer / 11.4.1:
The Franck-Condon Principle / 11.4.2:
Marcus Theory / 11.4.3:
Inner-Sphere Electron Transfer / 11.4.4:
Mixed-Valence Compounds / 11.4.5:
Organometallic Chemistry / Chapter 12:
Introduction to Organometallic Chemistry / 12.1:
Electron Counting and the 18-Electron Rule / 12.2:
Carbonyl Ligands / 12.3:
Nitrosyi Ligands / 12.4:
Hydride and Dihydrogen Ligands / 12.5:
Phosphine Ligands / 12.6:
Ethylene and Related Ligands / 12.7:
Cyclopentadiene and Related Ligands / 12.8:
Carbenes, Carbynes, and Carbidos / 12.9:
Reactions of Organometallic Compounds / Chapter 13:
Some General Principles / 13.1:
Organometallic Reactions Involving Changes at the Metal / 13.2:
Ligand Substitution Reactions / 13.2.1:
Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination / 13.2.2:
Organometallic Reactions Involving Changes at the Ligand / 13.3:
Insertion and Elimination Reactions / 13.3.1:
Nucleophilic Attack on the Ligands / 13.3.2:
Electrophilic Attack on the Ligands / 13.3.3:
Metathesis Reactions / 13.4:
¿-Bond Metathesis / 13.4.1:
Ziegler-Natta Polymerization of Alkenes / 13.4.2:
A Summary of Organometallic Reaction Mechanisms / 13.4.3:
Organometallic Catalytic Cycles / 13.6:
Catalytic Hydrogenation / 13.6.1:
Hydroformylation / 13.6.2:
The Wacker-Smidt Process / 13.6.3:
The Monsanto Acetic Acid Process / 13.6.4:
Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Mechanisms / 13.6.5:
The Isolobal Analogy and the Relationship to Main Group Chemistry / 13.7:
Closing Remarks / 13.8:
Derivation of the Classical Wave Equation / Appendix: A:
Derivation of the Schrödinger Equation / Appendix: B:
Postulates of Quantum Mechanics / Appendix: C:
Atomic Term Symbols and Spin-Orbit Coupling / Appendix: D:
Extracting Term Symbols Using Russell-Saunders Coupling
Extracting Term Symbols Using jj Coupling
Correlation Between RS (LS) Coupling and jj Coupling
Direct Product Tables / Appendix: E:
Reducing Representations by the Process of Diagonalization / Appendix: G:
Appendix: H
The Harmonic Oscillator Model / Appendix: I:
Molecular Term Symbols / Appendix: J:
The 230 Space Groups / Appendix: K:
Index
Preface to the Second Edition
Acknowledgments
About the Companion Website
19.

学位論文

学位
Suiyu Qiu
出版情報: 東京 : 東京工業大学, 2022  1 online resource
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EB
Lisa A. Beltz
出版情報: Elsevier ScienceDirect Books Complete , Academic Press, 2022
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List of figures
List of tables
Acknowledgments
Introduction / 1:
Of viruses and men / 1.1:
Coronaviruses of humans / 1.1.1:
Factors affecting zoonotic transmission of coronaviruses / 1.1.2:
A brief introduction to viruses / 1.2:
Characteristics of viruses / 1.2.1:
Overview of mutations and recombination in viruses / 1.2.2:
Viruses and their host receptors / 1.2.3:
Baltimore class IV viruses / 1.2.4:
Viruses, diseases, and pandemics-victories and failures / 1.2.5:
Vaccination-then and now / 1.2.6:
Comparison of viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotic cells / 1.2.7:
A brief introduction to the immune system / 1.3:
Introduction to the innate immune system / 1.3.1:
The cells of the innate immune system / 1.3.2:
Introduction to the adaptive immune system / 1.3.3:
The cells of the adaptive immune system / 1.3.4:
Cytokines and chemokines / 1.3.5:
Antibodies / 1.3.6:
Introduction to coronaviruses / 1.4:
Coronavirus genomic and subgenomic RNA / 1.4.1:
Increasing genetic diversity by mutation and recombination in coronaviruses / 1.4.2:
Production of recombinant, chimeric coronaviruses / 1.4.3:
Coronaviruses' structural proteins / 1.4.4:
Coronaviruses' nonstructural proteins / 1.4.5:
A brief summary of the coronavirus life cycle / 1.4.6:
Viral transmission / 1.4.7:
Coronaviruses and disease / 1.5:
Coronaviruses and respiratory disease / 1.5.1:
Coronaviruses and central nervous system disease / 1.5.2:
Other coronavirus disease manifestations / 1.5.3:
Categories of coronaviruses / 1.6:
Coronavirus genera / 1.6.1:
Coronaviruses of animals and zoonotic disease potential / 1.6.2:
Treatment of coronavirus diseases / 1.7:
Chloroquine / 1.7.1:
Nucleic acid analogs / 1.7.2:
Traditional medicinal compounds / 1.7.3:
Prevention of coronavirus infection / 1.8:
References
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) / 2:
A brief overview of the 2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus outbreak / 2.1:
Phases of the 2002-2003 outbreak / 2.1.2:
"Wet Markets" and wild cats and dogs / 2.1.3:
The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus spike protein and its angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor / 2.1.4:
The history of severe acute respiratory syndrome / 2.2:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-the disease / 2.3:
An overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome / 2.3.1:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the respiratory system / 2.3.2:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the cardiovascular system / 2.3.3:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the skeletal system / 2.3.4:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the digestive system / 2.3.5:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the urinary system / 2.3.6:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and nervous system / 2.3.7:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the endocrine system / 2.3.8:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome, the reproductive system, and sex-related disease severity / 2.3.9:
The causative virus / 2.4:
An overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus / 2.4.1:
Entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus into cells / 2.4.2:
Viral polyproteins and proteases / 2.4.3:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and the ubiquitin-pathway / 2.4.4:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and the unfolded protein response / 2.4.5:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus open reading frame 8 / 2.4.6:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and small non-coding RNAs / 2.4.7:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and bats / 2.4.8:
Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome between humans / 2.4.9:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus in the external environment / 2.4.10:
The immune response / 2.5:
Introduction to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and the immune system / 2.5.1:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and the adaptive immune response / 2.5.2:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus, cytokines, and chemokines / 2.5.3:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and interferons / 2.5.4:
The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus ? protein and the immune response / 2.5.5:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and the innate immune response / 2.5.6:
Animal models and the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome / 2.5.7:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and escape from the immune response / 2.5.8:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome immunopathology / 2.5.9:
Treatment options / 2.6:
Diagnosis / 2.7:
Prevention / 2.8:
Physical means of prevention / 2.8.1:
Immunization / 2.8.2:
Active immunization / 2.8.3:
Surveillance / 2.9:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome / 3:
Introduction to Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus / 3.1:
A brief introduction to Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome / 3.1.1:
A brief Introduction to Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus / 3.1.2:
Transmission of Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus to humans / 3.1.3:
The history / 3.2:
The disease / 3.3:
Introduction to Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome in humans / 3.3.1:
The mortally rate of Middle Eastern respiratory Syndrome / 3.3.2:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and the respiratory system / 3.3.3:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and the kidneys / 3.3.4:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and the cardiovascular system / 3.3.5:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and the nervous system / 3.3.6:
Risk factors for Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome in humans / 3.3.7:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus classification / 3.4:
Genetic variation in Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus / 3.4.2:
DPP4 and the viral S protein in Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-like viruses of humans and animals / 3.4.3:
Other molecules involved in Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus entry into its target cells / 3.4.4:
Animal hosts of Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus / 3.5:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and bats as reservoir hosts / 3.5.1:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and dromedary camels / 3.5.2:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and Bactrian camels / 3.5.3:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and other camelids / 3.5.4:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus in other agricultural animals / 3.5.5:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and other animals / 3.5.6:
Animal models of Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome / 3.5.7:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and T lymphocytes / 3.6:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, B lymphocytes, and Antibodies / 3.6.2:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, and neutrophils / 3.6.3:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, cytokines, and chemokines / 3.6.4:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome and interferons / 3.6.5:
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome-coronavirus escape mechanisms / 3.6.6:
Treatment / 3.7:
Generalized, physical treatments / 3.8.1:
Introduction to Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome drug treatment options / 3.8.2:
Decontamination of environmental surfaces / 3.9:
Vaccination / 3.10.2:
COVID-19 / 4:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other human coronaviruses / 4.1:
Number of cases, deaths, and vaccinations / 4.1.2:
Spread of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 / 4.1.3:
Factors affecting determination of COVID-19 cases / 4.1.4:
Unprepared / 4.1.5:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 and animal hosts / 4.1.6:
History / 4.2:
Introduction to COVID-19 / 4.3:
COVID-19 and the respiratory system / 4.3.2:
COVID-19, smoking, and nicotine use / 4.3.3:
COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system / 4.3.4:
COVID-19, endothelial dysfunction, complement, and coagulation / 4.3.5:
COVID-19 and neurological disease / 4.3.6:
COVID and psychiatric disease / 4.3.7:
COVID-19 and special senses / 4.3.8:
COVID-19 and the endocrine system / 4.3.9:
COVID-19 and the urinary system / 4.3.10:
COVID-19 and the digestive system / 4.3.11:
COVID-19 and the integumentary system / 4.3.12:
COVID-19 and biological sex / 4.3.13:
COVID-19 case number and seventy in children and adults / 4.3.14:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children / 4.3.15:
Long COVID syndrome (chronic or post-COVID-19 syndrome) / 4.3.16:
The role of genetic factors in COVID-19 / 4.3.17:
Introduction to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 / 4.4:
The question of the reservoir and intermediate hosts of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 / 4.4.2:
Comparison of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 / 4.4.3:
Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 / 4.4.4:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 mutations / 4.4.5:
COVID-19 and the adaptive immune response / 4.5:
COVID-19 immunopathology-IL-17 and the cytokine storm / 4.5.2:
COVID-19 and the innate immune response / 4.5.3:
COVID-19 and autoimmune disorders / 4.5.4:
Diagnosis and surveillance / 4.6:
RNA-based (genetic) tests / 4.6.1:
Antibody-based (serological) tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection / 4.6.2:
Viral neutralization tests / 4.6.3:
Medications and monoclonal antibodies / 4.6.4:
COVID-19, micronutrients, and vitamin D / 4.7.2:
COVID-19 and zinc / 4.8.1:
COVID-19 and copper / 4.8.2:
COVID-19 and selenium / 4.8.3:
COVID-19 and iron / 4.8.4:
COVID-19 and vitamin D / 4.8.5:
Rapid, mass scanning measures / 4.9:
Personal protective equipment and social distancing / 4.9.2:
Hand hygiene / 4.9.3:
Decontamination of infected surfaces / 4.9.4:
COVID-19, quarantine, and closure of businesses, schools, and recreational areas / 4.9.5:
Natural immunity / 4.9.6:
Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection / 4.9.7:
Further reading
Coronaviruses of wild and semidomesticated animals with the potential for zoonotic transmission / 5:
Transmission of coronaviruses / 5.1:
Genetic recombination between coronavirus animal hosts / 5.2.1:
The viral spike protein and host coronavirus receptors / 5.2.2:
Introduction to coronaviruses and intracellular signaling pathways / 5.2.3:
Coronavirus vaccines / 5.2.4:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus-2 and its animal hosts / 5.2.5:
Coronaviruses of bats / 5.3:
Introduction to bat coronaviruses / 5.3.1:
WIV1, WIV16, SARS-CoV, and adaptation to different host species / 5.3.2:
Chimeric bat coronaviruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome virus / 5.3.3:
The spike protein of bat and human coronaviruses and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / 5.3.4:
Bat Coronaviruses, MERS-CoV, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV / 5.3.5:
Characteristics of coronavirus species of hats / 5.3.6:
Prevention against bat coronavirus infection / 5.3.7:
Coronaviruses of rodents / 5.4:
Introduction to coronaviruses of rodents / 5.4.1:
Mouse hepatitis virus / 5.4.2:
Rat coronavirus / 5.5:
Introduction to rat coronavirus / 5.5.1:
Rat coronavirus and disease / 5.5.2:
Rat coronavirus and the immune response / 5.5.3:
Other coronaviruses of rodents / 5.5.4:
Coronaviruses of nonhuman primates / 5.6:
Introduction to coronaviruses of nonhuman primates / 5.6.1:
Pathology of coronaviruses of nonhuman primates / 5.6.2:
Coronaviruses of ferrets and minks / 5.7:
Introduction to coronaviruses of ferrets and minks / 5.7.1:
Ferret enteric coronavirus / 5.7.2:
Ferret systemic coronavirus / 5.7.3:
Treatment options and protection against ferret coronavirus-induced diseases / 5.7.4:
Ferrets and feline infectious peritonitis virus of cats / 5.7.5:
Coronaviruses of minks / 5.7.6:
Coronaviruse of other musteloidea / 5.7.7:
Coronaviruses of rabbits / 5.8:
Rabbit enteric coronavirus / 5.8.1:
Rabbit coronavirus / 5.8.2:
Other rabbit coronaviruses / 5.8.3:
Coronaviruses of other wild or semidomesticated mammals / 5.9:
Coronaviruses of agricultural and companion animals with the potential for zoonotic transmission / 6:
Coronavirus genera and species / 6.1:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses-2, and domesticated animals / 6.1.2:
MERS-CoV and domesticated animals / 6.1.3:
Diagnosis of coronaviruses of domesticated animals / 6.1.4:
Bovine coronavirus and its enteric and respiratory forms / 6.2:
Introduction to bovine coronaviruses / 6.2.1:
Pathology of bovine coronaviruses diseases and their underlying causes / 6.2.2:
Bovine coronaviruses-the viruses / 6.2.3:
Bovine enteric coronavirus / 6.2.4:
Bovine respiratory coronavirus / 6.2.5:
Bovine coronaviruses-like coronaviruses of other animals / 6.2.6:
Coronaviruses of dromedaries, llamas, and alpacas / 6.3:
Coronaviruses of dromedary camels / 6.3.1:
Coronaviruses of alpacas and llamas / 6.3.2:
Coronaviruses of swine / 6.4:
Introduction to swine coronaviruses / 6.4.1:
Pathology due to swine coronaviruses in general / 6.4.2:
The immune response to swine coronaviruses in general / 6.4.3:
Viral inhibition of the immune response to swine coronaviruses in general / 6.4.4:
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / 6.4.5:
Porcine deltacoronavirus / 6.4.6:
Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus / 6.4.7:
Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus / 6.4.8:
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine respiratory coronavirus / 6.4.9:
Coronavirus of horses / 6.5:
Introduction to coronaviruses of horses / 6.5.1:
Pathology due to coronavirus of horses / 6.5.2:
Coronaviruses of horses-the virus / 6.5.3:
Coronaviruses of sheep / 6.6:
Coronaviruses of companion animals / 6.7:
Coronaviruses of cats / 6.7.1:
Canine coronaviruses / 6.7.2:
Canine respiratory coronavirus / 6.7.3:
Brief overview of domestic avian coronaviruses / 6.8:
Pulling it all together: where do we go from here? / 7:
Coronaviruses-friends and family / 7.1:
Baltimore class IV viruses (coronaviruses' friends) / 7.1.1:
Coronaviridae (coronaviruses family) / 7.1.2:
Zoonotic transmission of coronaviruses / 7.2:
Coronaviruses proposed reservoir and intermediate hosts / 7.2.1:
Comparison between the hosts and geographical locations of severe acute respiratorysyndrome coronavirus- and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2-like' viruses / 7.2.2:
Other animals as potential coronavirus reservoir hosts / 7.2.3:
Possible ways to predict and prevent future epidemics and pandemics / 7.3:
The One Health approach / 7.3.1:
SpillOver / 7.3.2:
Museums and emerging pathogens in the Americas (MEPA) / 7.3.3:
Factors driving zoonotic transmission / 7.4:
Viral factors driving zoonotic transmission / 7.4.1:
Host-related factors driving zoonotic transmission / 7.4.2:
Environmental factors driving zoonotic transmission / 7.4.3:
The "human factor" and modeling / 7.4.4:
The emergence and disease severity of severe acute respiratory system coronavirus-2 variants / 7.4.5:
The continuing threat of emerging infectious diseases / 7.5:
Changes in infectious disease patterns over the last ten years / 7.5.1:
The next pandemics-thinking outside of the box / 7.5.2:
Infectious diseases and the developing world / 7.6:
Author's note (March 2022) / 7.7:
Coronavirus disease overviews / Appendix I:
Glossary / Appendix II:
Index
List of figures
List of tables
Acknowledgments
21.

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SAMPE Conference and Exhibition ; Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering
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Kohei Arai
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William. Holderbaum, J. M. Selig
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María Eugenia. Cornejo, László T. Kóczy, Jesús Medina-Moreno, Juan Moreno-García
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