Preface |
Some Preliminary Thoughts / 1: |
Hypersonic Flight--Some Historical Firsts / 1.1: |
Hypersonic Flow--Why is it Important? / 1.2: |
Hypersonic Flow--What is it? / 1.3: |
Thin Shock Layers / A: |
Entropy Layer / B: |
Viscous Interaction / C: |
High-Temperature Flows / D: |
Low-Density Flow / E: |
Recapitulation / F: |
Hypersonic Flight Paths; the Velocity-Altitude Map / 1.4: |
Summary and Outlook / 1.5: |
Problems |
Inviscid Hypersonic Flow / Part I: |
Hypersonic Shock and Expansion-Wave Relations / 2: |
Introduction / 2.1: |
Basic Hypersonic Shock Relations / 2.2: |
Hypersonic Shock Relations in Terms of the Hypersonic Similarity Parameter / 2.3: |
Hypersonic Expansion-Wave Relations / 2.4: |
Summary / 2.5: |
Problem |
Local Surface Inclination Methods / 3: |
Newtonian Flow / 3.1: |
Modified Newtonian Law / 3.3: |
Centrifugal Force Corrections to Newtonian Theory / 3.4: |
Newtonian Theory--What it Really Means / 3.5: |
Tangent-Wedge/Tangent-Cone Methods / 3.6: |
Shock-Expansion Method / 3.7: |
Summary and Comment / 3.8: |
Hypersonic Inviscid Flowfields: Approximate Methods / 4: |
The Governing Equations / 4.1: |
Mach Number Independence / 4.3: |
The Hypersonic Small-Disturbance Equations / 4.4: |
Hypersonic Similarity / 4.5: |
Hypersonic Small-Disturbance Theory: Some Results / 4.6: |
A Comment on Hypersonic Small-Disturbance Theory / 4.7: |
The Hypersonic Equivalence Principle and Blast Wave Theory / 4.8: |
Thin Shock-Layer Theory / 4.9: |
Summary and Comments / 4.10: |
Hypersonic Inviscid Flowfields: Exact Methods / 5: |
General Thoughts / 5.1: |
Method of Characteristics / 5.2: |
The Hypersonic Blunt-Body Problem / 5.3: |
Correlations for Hypersonic Shock-Wave Shapes / 5.4: |
Modern Computational Hypersonics: Additional Solutions of the Euler Equations / 5.5: |
Summary, and Comments on the State of the Art / 5.6: |
A Final Comment / 5.7: |
Viscous Hypersonic Flow / Part II: |
Viscous Flow: Basic Aspects, Boundary Layer Results, and Aerodynamic Heating / 6: |
Governing Equations for Viscous Flow: The Navier-Stokes Equations / 6.1: |
Similarity Parameters and Boundary Conditions / 6.3: |
The Boundary Layer Equations for Hypersonic Flow / 6.4: |
Hypersonic Boundary Layer Theory: Self-Similar Solutions / 6.5: |
Flat Plate Case |
Stagnation Point Case |
Nonsimilar Hypersonic Boundary Layers / 6.6: |
Local Similarity Method |
Difference-Differential Method |
Finite-Difference Method |
Hypersonic Transition / 6.7: |
Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer / 6.8: |
The Reference Temperature Method / 6.9: |
Hypersonic Aerodynamic Heating: Some Comments and Approximate Results Applied to Hypersonic Vehicles / 6.10: |
Entropy Layer Effects on Aerodynamic Heating / 6.11: |
Hypersonic Viscous Interactions / 6.12: |
Strong and Weak Viscous Interactions: Definition and Description / 7.1: |
The Role of x in Hypersonic Viscous Interaction / 7.3: |
Other Viscous Interaction Results / 7.4: |
Hypersonic Shock-Wave/Boundary Layer Interactions / 7.5: |
Computational Fluid Dynamic Solutions of Hypersonic Viscous Flows / 7.6: |
Viscous Shock-Layer Technique / 8.1: |
Parabolized Navier-Stokes Solutions / 8.3: |
Full Navier-Stokes Solutions / 8.4: |
High-Temperature Gas Dynamics / 8.5: |
High-Temperature Gas Dynamics: Some Introductory Considerations / 9: |
The Importance of High-Temperature Flows / 9.1: |
The Nature of High-Temperature Flows / 9.2: |
Chemical Effects in Air: The Velocity-Altitude Map / 9.3: |
Some Aspects of the Thermodynamics of Chemically Reacting Gases (Classical Physical Chemistry) / 9.4: |
Introduction: Definition of Real Gases and Perfect Gases / 10.1: |
Various Forms of the Perfect Gas Equation of State / 10.2: |
Various Descriptions of the Composition of a Gas Mixture / 10.3: |
Classification of Gases / 10.4: |
The First Law of Thermodynamics / 10.5: |
The Second Law of Thermodynamics / 10.6: |
The Calculation of Entropy / 10.7: |
Gibbs Free Energy, and the Entropy Produced by Chemical Nonequilibrium / 10.8: |
Composition of Equilibrium Chemically Reacting Mixtures: The Equilibrium Constant / 10.9: |
Heat of Reaction / 10.10: |
Elements of Statistical Thermodynamics / 10.11: |
Microscopic Description of Gases / 11.1: |
Counting the Number of Microstates for a Given Macrostate / 11.3: |
The Most Probable Macrostate / 11.4: |
The Limiting Case: Boltzmann Distribution / 11.5: |
Evaluation of Thermodynamic Properties in Terms of the Partition Function / 11.6: |
Evaluation of the Partition Function in Terms of T and V / 11.7: |
Practical Evaluation of Thermodynamic Properties for a Single Chemical Species / 11.8: |
The Calculation of the Equilibrium Constant / 11.9: |
Chemical Equilibrium--Some Further Comments / 11.10: |
Calculation of the Equilibrium Composition for High-Temperature Air / 11.11: |
Thermodynamic Properties of an Equilibrium Chemically Reacting Gas / 11.12: |
Equilibrium Properties of High-Temperature Air / 11.13: |
Elements of Kinetic Theory / 11.14: |
The Perfect Gas Equation of State (Revisited) / 12.1: |
Collision Frequency and Mean Free Path / 12.3: |
Velocity and Speed Distribution Functions: Mean Velocities / 12.4: |
Chemical and Vibrational Nonequilibrium / 12.5: |
Vibrational Nonequilibrium: The Vibrational Rate Equation / 13.1: |
Chemical Nonequilibrium: The Chemical Rate Equation / 13.3: |
Chemical Nonequilibrium in High-Temperature Air / 13.4: |
Chemical Nonequilibrium in H[subscript 2]-Air Mixtures / 13.5: |
Inviscid High-Temperature Equilibrium Flows / 13.6: |
Governing Equations for Inviscid High-Temperature Equilibrium Flow / 14.1: |
Equilibrium Normal and Oblique Shock-Wave Flows / 14.3: |
Equilibrium Quasi-One-Dimensional Nozzle Flows / 14.4: |
Frozen and Equilibrium Flows: The Distinction / 14.5: |
Equilibrium and Frozen Specific Heats / 14.6: |
Equilibrium Speed of Sound / 14.7: |
Equilibrium Conical Flow / 14.8: |
Equilibrium Blunt-Body Flows / 14.9: |
Inviscid High-Temperature Nonequilibrium Flows / 14.10: |
Governing Equations for Inviscid, Nonequilibrium Flows / 15.1: |
Nonequilibrium Normal and Oblique Shock-Wave Flows / 15.3: |
Nonequilibrium Quasi-One-Dimensional Nozzle Flows / 15.4: |
Nonequilibrium Blunt-Body Flows / 15.5: |
Binary Scaling / 15.6: |
Nonequilibrium Flow Over Other Shapes: Nonequilibrium Method of Characteristics / 15.7: |
Kinetic Theory Revisited: Transport Properties in High-Temperature Gases / 15.8: |
Definition of Transport Phenomena / 16.1: |
Transport Coefficients / 16.3: |
The Mechanism of Diffusion / 16.4: |
Energy Transport by Thermal Conduction and Diffusion: Total Thermal Conductivity / 16.5: |
Transport Properties for High-Temperature Air / 16.6: |
Viscous High-Temperature Flows / 16.7: |
Governing Equations for Chemically Reacting Viscous Flow / 17.1: |
Alternate Forms of the Energy Equation / 17.3: |
Boundary Layer Equations for a Chemically Reacting Gas / 17.4: |
Boundary Conditions: Catalytic Walls / 17.5: |
Boundary Layer Solutions: Stagnation Point Heat Transfer for a Dissociating Gas / 17.6: |
Boundary Layer Solutions: Nonsimilar Flows / 17.7: |
Viscous Shock Layer (VSL) Solutions to Chemically Reacting Flow / 17.8: |
Parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) Solutions to Chemically Reacting Flows / 17.9: |
Full Navier-Stokes Solutions to Chemically Reacting Flows / 17.10: |
Introduction to Radiative Gas Dynamics / 17.11: |
Definitions of Radiative Transfer in Gases / 18.1: |
The Radiative Transfer Equation / 18.3: |
Solutions of the Radiative Transfer Equation: Transparent Gas / 18.4: |
Solutions of the Radiative Transfer Equation: Absorbing Gas / 18.5: |
Solutions of the Radiative Transfer Equation: Emitting and Absorbing Gas / 18.6: |
Radiating Flowfields: Sample Results / 18.7: |
Postface / 18.8: |
References |
Index |
Preface |
Some Preliminary Thoughts / 1: |
Hypersonic Flight--Some Historical Firsts / 1.1: |