Marcus Theory in the Qualitative and Quantitative Description of Electrochemiluminescence Phenomena / A. Kapturkiewicz |
Electrochemistry of Oxide High-Temperature Superconductors / O. Petrii ; G. Tsirlina |
Flow Rate Dependence of Localized Corrosion in Thermal Power Plant Materials / D. Macdonald ; L. Kriksunov |
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells / S. Gottesfeld |
Graphite, Carbonaceous Materials and Organic Solids as Active Electrodes in Metal-Free Batteries / F. Beck |
Index |
Series Preface |
Volume Preface |
List of Contributors |
In-situ X-ray Diffraction Studies of the Electrode/Solution Interface / Christopher A. Lucas ; Nenad M. Markovic1: |
Introduction / 1.1: |
Experimental / 1.2: |
Adsorbate-induced Restructuring of Metal Substrates / 1.3: |
Surface Relaxation / 1.3.1: |
Pt Monometallic and Bimetallic Surfaces / 1.3.1.1: |
Group IB Metals / 1.3.1.2: |
Surface Reconstruction / 1.3.2: |
Adlayer Structures / 1.4: |
Anion Structures / 1.4.1: |
CO Ordering on the Pt(111) Surface / 1.4.2: |
Underpotential Deposition (UPD) / 1.4.3: |
Reactive Metals and Oxides / 1.5: |
Conclusions and Future Directions / 1.6: |
Acknowledgments |
References |
UV-visible Reflectance Spectroscopy of Thin Organic Films at Electrode Surfaces / Takamasa Sagara2: |
The Basis of UV-visible Reflection Measurement at an Electrode Surface / 2.1: |
Absolute Reflection Spectrum versus Modulated Reflection Spectrum / 2.3: |
Wavelength-modulated UV-visible Reflectance Spectroscopy / 2.4: |
Potential-modulated UV-visible Reflectance Spectroscopy / 2.5: |
Instrumentation of the Potential-modulated UV-visible Reflection Measurement / 2.6: |
ER Measurements for Redox-active Thin Organic Films / 2.7: |
Interpretation of the Reflection Spectrum / 2.8: |
Reflection Measurement at Special Electrode Configurations / 2.9: |
Estimation of the Molecular Orientation on the Electrode Surface / 2.10: |
Estimation of the Molecular Orientation on the Electrode Surface using the Redox ER Signal / 2.10.1: |
Estimation of the Molecular Orientation on the Electrode Surface using the Stark Effect ER Signal / 2.10.2: |
Measurement of Electron Transfer Rate using ER Measurement / 2.11: |
Redox ER Signal in Frequency Domain / 2.11.1: |
Examples of Electron Transfer Rate Measurement using ER Signal / 2.11.2: |
Improvement in Data Analysis / 2.11.3: |
Combined Analysis of Impedance and Modulation Spectroscopic Signals / 2.11.4: |
Upper Limit of Measurable Rate Constant / 2.11.5: |
Rate Constant Measurement using an ER Voltammogram / 2.11.6: |
ER Signal Originated from Non-Faradaic Processes - a Quick Overview / 2.12: |
ER Signal with Harmonics Higher than the Fundamental Modulation Frequency / 2.13: |
Distinguishing between Two Simultaneously Occurring Electrode Processes / 2.14: |
Some Recent Examples of the Application of ER Measurement for a Functional Electrode / 2.15: |
Scope for Future Development of UV-visible Reflection Measurements / 2.16: |
New Techniques in UV-visible Reflection Measurements / 2.16.1: |
Remarks on the Scope for Future Development of UV-visible Reflection Measurements / 2.16.2: |
Epi-fluorescence Microscopy Studies of Potential Controlled Changes in Adsorbed Thin Organic Films at Electrode Surfaces / Dan Bizzotto ; Jeff L. Shepherd3: |
Fluorescence Microscopy and Fluorescence Probes / 3.1: |
Fluorescence near Metal Surfaces / 3.3: |
Description of a Fluorescence Microscope for Electrochemical Studies / 3.4: |
Microscope Resolution / 3.4.1: |
Image Analysis / 3.4.2: |
Electrochemical Systems Studied with Fluorescence Microscopy / 3.5: |
Adsorption of C[subscript 18]OH on Au(111) / 3.5.1: |
The Adsorption and Dimerization of 2-(2[prime]-Thienyl)pyridine (TP) on Au(111) / 3.5.2: |
Fluorescence Microscopy of the Adsorption of DOPG onto an Hg Drop / 3.5.3: |
Fluorescence Microscopy of Liposome Fusion onto a DOPC-coated Hg Interface / 3.5.4: |
Fluorescence Imaging of the Reductive Desorption of an Alkylthiol SAM on Au / 3.5.5: |
Conclusions and Future Considerations / 3.6: |
Structures and Abbreviations |
Linear and Non-linear Spectroscopy at the Electrified Liquid/Liquid Interface / David J. Fermin4: |
Introductory Remarks and Scope of the Chapter / 4.1: |
Linear Spectroscopy / 4.2: |
Total Internal Reflection Absorption/Fluorescence Spectroscopy / 4.2.1: |
Potential-modulated Reflectance/Fluorescence in TIR / 4.2.2: |
Quasi-elastic Laser Scattering (QELS) / 4.2.3: |
Other Linear Spectroscopic Studies at the Neat Liquid/Liquid Interface / 4.2.4: |
Non-linear Spectroscopy / 4.3: |
Second Harmonic Generation / 4.3.1: |
Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation / 4.3.2: |
Summary and Outlook / 4.4: |
Symbols |
Abbreviations |
Sum Frequency Generation Studies of the Electrified Solid/Liquid Interface / Steven Baldelli ; Andrew A. Gewirth5: |
Theoretical Background / 5.1: |
SFG Intensities / 5.1.2: |
Resonant Term / 5.1.3: |
Non-resonant Term / 5.1.4: |
Phase Interference / 5.1.5: |
Orientation Information in SFG / 5.1.6: |
Phase Matching / 5.1.7: |
Surface Optics / 5.1.8: |
Data Analysis Reference / 5.1.9: |
Experimental Designs / 5.1.10: |
Spectroscopy Cell / 5.1.11: |
Applications of SFG to Electrochemistry / 5.2: |
CO Adsorption / 5.2.1: |
Polarization Studies / 5.2.1.1: |
Potential Dependence / 5.2.1.2: |
CO on Alloys / 5.2.1.3: |
Solvent Effects / 5.2.1.4: |
Adsorption of upd and opd H / 5.2.2: |
CN on Pt and Au Electrodes / 5.2.3: |
CN/Pt / 5.2.3.1: |
CN/Au / 5.2.3.2: |
OCN and SCN / 5.2.4: |
Pyridine and Related Derivatives / 5.2.5: |
Dynamics of CO and CN Vibrational Relaxation / 5.2.6: |
Solvent Structure / 5.2.7: |
Nonaqueous Solvents / 5.2.7.1: |
Aqueous Solvents / 5.2.7.2: |
Monolayers and Corrosion / 5.2.8: |
Conclusion / 5.3: |
IR Spectroscopy of the Semiconductor/Solution Interface / Jean-Noel Chazalviel ; Francois Ozanam6: |
IR Spectroscopy at an Interface / 6.1: |
Basic Principles of IR Spectroscopy / 6.2.1: |
External versus Internal Reflection / 6.2.2: |
Practical Aspects at an Electrochemical Interface / 6.3: |
How Potential can Affect IR Absorption / 6.3.1: |
How to Isolate Potential-sensitive IR Absorption / 6.3.2: |
What can be Learnt from IR Spectroscopy at the Interface / 6.4: |
Vibrational Absorption of Interfacial and Double-Layer Species / 6.4.1: |
Vibrational Absorption of Species outside the Double-Layer / 6.4.2: |
Electronic Absorption / 6.4.3: |
Effect of Light Polarization in ATR Geometry / 6.5: |
Selection Rules for a Polarized IR Beam / 6.5.1: |
Case of Strongly Polar Species: LO-TO Splitting / 6.5.2: |
Polarization Modulation / 6.5.3: |
Dynamic Information from a Modulation Technique / 6.6: |
Case of Rough or Complex Interfaces / 6.7: |
Surface Roughness / 6.7.1: |
Composite Interface Films / 6.7.2: |
Recent Advances in in-situ Infrared Spectroscopy and Applications in Single-crystal Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis / Carol Korzeniewski6.8: |
Spectrometer Systems / 7.1: |
Spectrometer Throughput Considerations / 7.2.2: |
Detectors / 7.2.3: |
Signal-to-Noise Ratio Considerations / 7.2.4: |
Signal Digitization / 7.2.5: |
Signal Modulation and Related Data Acquisition Methods / 7.2.6: |
Applications / 7.3: |
Adsorption and Reactivity at Well-defined Electrode Surfaces / 7.3.1: |
Adsorption on Pure Metals / 7.3.1.1: |
Electrochemistry at Well-defined Bimetallic Electrodes / 7.3.1.2: |
SEIRAS / 7.3.2: |
Infrared Spectroscopy as a Probe of Surface Electrochemistry at Metal Catalyst Particles / 7.3.3: |
A Nanostructured Electrodes and Optical Considerations / 7.3.4: |
Emerging Instrumental Methods and Quantitative Approaches / 7.3.5: |
Step-scan Interferometry / 7.3.5.1: |
Two-dimensional Infrared Correlation Analysis / 7.3.5.2: |
Quantitation of Molecular Orientation / 7.3.5.3: |
Summary / 7.4: |
In-situ Surface-enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy of the Electrode/Solution Interface / Masatoshi Osawa8: |
Electromagnetic Mechanism of SEIRA / 8.1: |
Experimental Procedures / 8.3: |
Electrochemical Cell and Optics / 8.3.1: |
Preparation of Thin-film Electrodes / 8.3.2: |
General Features of SEIRAS / 8.4: |
Comparison of SEIRAS with IRAS / 8.4.1: |
Surface Selection Rule and Molecular Orientation / 8.4.2: |
Comparison of SEIRA and SERS / 8.4.3: |
Baseline Shift by Adsorption of Molecules and Ions / 8.4.4: |
Selected Examples / 8.5: |
Reactions of a Triruthenium Complex Self-assembled on Au / 8.5.1: |
Cytochrome c Electrochemistry on Self-assembled Monolayers / 8.5.2: |
Molecular Recognition at the Electrochemical Interface / 8.5.3: |
Hydrogen Adsorption and Evolution on Pt / 8.5.4: |
Oxidation of C1 Molecules on Pt / 8.5.5: |
Advanced Techniques for Studying Electrode Dynamics / 8.6: |
Rapid-scan Millisecond Time-resolved FT-IR Measurements / 8.6.1: |
Step-scan Microsecond Time-resolved FT-IR Measurements / 8.6.2: |
Potential-modulated FT-IR Spectroscopy / 8.6.3: |
Summary and Future Prospects / 8.7: |
Acknowledgements |
Quantitative SNIFTIRS and PM IRRAS of Organic Molecules at Electrode Surfaces / Vlad Zamlynny ; Jacek Lipkowski9: |
Reflection of Light from Stratified Media / 9.1: |
Reflection and Refraction of Electromagnetic Radiation at a Two-phase Boundary / 9.2.1: |
Reflection and Refraction of Electromagnetic Radiation at a Multiple-phase Boundary / 9.2.2: |
Optimization of Experimental Conditions / 9.3: |
Optimization of the Angle of Incidence and the Thin-cavity Thickness / 9.3.1: |
The Effect of Incident Beam Collimation / 9.3.2: |
The Choice of the Optical Window Geometry and Material / 9.3.3: |
Determination of the Angle of Incidence and the Thin-cavity Thickness / 9.4: |
Determination of the Isotropic Optical Constants in Aqueous Solutions / 9.5: |
Determination of the Orientation of Organic Molecules at the Electrode Surface / 9.6: |
Development of Quantitative SNIFTIRS / 9.7: |
Description of the Experimental Set-up / 9.7.1: |
Fundamentals of SNIFTIRS / 9.7.2: |
Calculation of the Tilt Angle from SNIFTIRS Spectra / 9.7.3: |
Applications of Quantitative SNIFTIRS / 9.7.4: |
Development of Quantitative in-situ PM IRRAS / 9.8: |
Fundamentals of PM IRRAS and Experimental Set-up / 9.8.1: |
Principles of Operation of a Photoelastic Modulator / 9.8.3: |
Correction of PM IRRAS Spectra for the PEM Response Functions / 9.8.4: |
Background Subtraction / 9.8.5: |
Applications of Quantitative PM IRRAS / 9.8.6: |
Summary and Future Directions / 9.9: |
Tip-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy - Recent Developments and Future Prospects / Bruno Pettinger10: |
General Introduction / 10.1: |
SERS at Well-defined Surfaces / 10.2: |
Single-molecule Raman Spectroscopy / 10.3: |
Tip-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) / 10.4: |
Near-field Raman Spectroscopy with or without Apertures / 10.4.1: |
First TERS Experiments / 10.4.2: |
TERS on Single-crystalline Surfaces / 10.4.3: |
Outlook / 10.5: |
Recent Results / 10.5.1: |
New Approaches on the Horizon / 10.5.2: |
Acknowledgment |
Subject Index |
Microelectrodes in Solid State Ionics (J |
Fleig) |
Nonlinear Dynamics in Electrochemical Systems (K |
Krischer) |
The Electrochemistry of Diamond (Y |
Pleskov) |
Passivity of Metals (H |
Strehblow) |
Marcus Theory in the Qualitative and Quantitative Description of Electrochemiluminescence Phenomena / A. Kapturkiewicz |
Electrochemistry of Oxide High-Temperature Superconductors / O. Petrii ; G. Tsirlina |
Flow Rate Dependence of Localized Corrosion in Thermal Power Plant Materials / D. Macdonald ; L. Kriksunov |
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells / S. Gottesfeld |
Graphite, Carbonaceous Materials and Organic Solids as Active Electrodes in Metal-Free Batteries / F. Beck |
Index |