| Preface / Arthur Waley |
| Introduction |
| Buddhism as a Religion |
| Buddhism as a Philosophy |
| Self-extinction |
| 'Radical Pessimism' |
| Immortality |
| Survival Value |
| Common Ground / I： |
| The Flavour of Dharma |
| The Documents |
| The Buddha |
| Is Buddhism atheistic? |
| The Four Holy Truths |
| Cosmology[degree] |
| Monastic Buddhism / II： |
| The Samgha |
| Poverty |
| Celibacy |
| Inoffensiveness |
| Main Currents of Monastic Thought |
| Popular Buddhism / III： |
| The Place of the Laity |
| The Temporal Power |
| The Services of the Samgha |
| The Influence of the Laity |
| The Old Wisdom School / IV： |
| Sects |
| Sariputra |
| Arhats |
| Practices |
| Moral Discipline |
| Trance |
| Wisdom |
| Decline |
| The Mahayana, and the New Wisdom School / V： |
| The Mahasanghikas |
| Hinayana and Mahayana |
| Literary Development |
| Bodhisattvas |
| Emptiness |
| Salvation |
| Parallels |
| Buddhism of Faith and Devotion / VI： |
| The Reception of Bhakti |
| Literary History |
| The Agent of Salvation |
| The Aims of the Faithful |
| Methods |
| Self-extinction and Faith |
| The Yogacarins / VII： |
| Wisdom and Trance |
| "Mind-only" |
| "Store-consciousness" |
| Further Doctrines |
| The Tantra, or Magical Buddhism / VIII： |
| The Problem of the Tantra |
| History of the Tantra |
| Tantric Practices |
| Tantric Philosophy |
| Tantric Mythology |
| Left-handed Tantra |
| The Control of the Body |
| Non-Indian Developments / IX： |
| Survey |
| Ch'an |
| Amidism |
| Rnyin-ma-pa |
| European Buddhism |
| Appendices |
| Table of Dates |
| Diagram: New Wisdom School, Yogacarins, Tantra |
