| List of illustrations |
| List of tables |
| Acknowledgements |
| Introduction / 1： |
| The Japanese Challenge |
| Explaining the Challenge: Culture, Institutions and History |
| Imitation and Innovation |
| Technology and the Japanese Periphery |
| Social Networks and Innovation |
| The Tokugawa Heritage, 1603-1867 / Part I： |
| Society and Technology in Tokugawa Japan / 2： |
| Foreign Influences in a 'Closed Country' |
| Heredity and Hierarchy |
| Soroban and Sword |
| Science and the Samurai |
| 'Develop Products, Promote Enterprise' |
| Peace and the Printed Word |
| Nature of Tokugawa Technology |
| Silk and Cotton |
| Gold, Silver and Iron |
| Sake-brewing |
| Carpentry and Instrument-making |
| Opening the Doors / 3： |
| Of Cannons, Iron Furnaces and the Outer Domains |
| Japan and the Black Ships |
| Hired Foreigners and Japanese Abroad |
| Technology in Industrialising Japan, 1868-1945 / Part II： |
| Technology and the Meiji State, 1868-1912 / 4： |
| 'Under Reconstruction' |
| The State-centred Approach |
| The Revisionist Approach |
| The Social Network Approach |
| Systems-building and Science-based Industry, 1912-1937 / 5： |
| Corporate Research and the Social Network of Innovation |
| Science and Business: Company Research and the Acquisition of Technology |
| The State and Corporate Research |
| Subcontracting and Small Firms |
| Government Planning and the Rise of Technology Policy |
| A War of Science and Technology, 1937-1945 / 6： |
| A New Order for Science and Technology |
| The War and Corporate Research |
| Subcontracting and the 'Just-in-time' System |
| Scientists and Social Responsibility |
| The Making of a Technological Superpower, since 1945 / Part III： |
| Technology and the 'Economic Miracle', 1945-1973 / 7： |
| Democracy, Technology and the New Japan |
| Back to the Future: Technological and Industrial Recovery |
| Imported Technology and Indigenous Innovation |
| Rationalisation and the Productivity Movement |
| From Rationalisation to Automation: Postwar Technology Policies |
| The Social Network of Innovation in Postwar Japan |
| Technology, Society and the Environment |
| High-tech Japan / 8： |
| The Collapse of High Growth and the Birth of the 'Information Society' |
| Next Generation Technologies |
| The Changing Shape of Corporate Research |
| Small-scale Manufacturing and the Technopolis Vision |
| National Technology Projects: Nuclear Power and Space |
| Japan as an Exporter of Technology |
| Notes |
| Chronology |
| Bibliography |
| Index |
| List of illustrations |
| List of tables |
| Acknowledgements |
| Introduction / 1： |
| The Japanese Challenge |
| Explaining the Challenge: Culture, Institutions and History |
