Accelerator driven subcritical reactors

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Accelerator driven subcritical reactors / H Nifenecker, O Meplan and S David

資料種別:

図書

出版情報:

Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing, c2003

形態:

ix, 316 p. ; 25 cm

シリーズ名:

Fundamental and applied nuclear physics series / series editors, R.R. Betts, W. Greiner and W.D. Hamilton <BA23541750>

著者名:

ISBN:

9780750307437 [0750307439]

書誌ID:

BA6294532X

子書誌情報

フルテキスト

所蔵情報

他の版・巻

書誌詳細

注記:

Includes bibliographical references (p. 305-312) and index

主題:

Nuclear reactors; Particle accelerators

言語:

英語

目次情報:

Introduction / 1：

The energy issue / 2：

World energy perspectives / 2.1：

Energy consumptions / 2.1.1：

Fossil reserves / 2.1.2：

Greenhouse effect / 2.1.3：

Renewable energies / 2.2：

Solar energy / 2.2.1：

Biomass / 2.2.2：

Wind energy / 2.2.3：

Hydroelectricity / 2.2.4：

Nuclear energy / 2.3：

Standard reactors / 2.3.1：

Breeder reactors / 2.3.2：

Nuclear waste disposal options / 2.3.3：

Deployment of a breeder park / 2.3.4：

Costs / 2.4：

The possible role of accelerator driven subcritical reactors / 2.5：

Safety advantages of subcriticality / 2.5.1：

Use of additional neutrons / 2.5.2：

Elementary reactor theory / 3：

Interaction of neutrons with nuclei / 3.1：

Elementary processes / 3.1.1：

Properties of heavy nuclei / 3.1.2：

Neutron density, flux and reaction rates / 3.1.3：

Neutron propagation / 3.2：

Boltzmann equation / 3.2.1：

Integral form of the Boltzmann equation / 3.2.2：

Fick's law / 3.2.3：

Diffusion equation / 3.2.4：

Slowing down of neutrons / 3.2.5：

Neutron multiplying assemblies / 3.3：

Limiting values / 3.4：

Critical masses / 3.4.1：

Maximum flux / 3.4.2：

Reactor control / 3.5：

Delayed neutrons / 3.5.1：

Temperature dependence of the reactivity / 3.5.2：

Critical trip / 3.5.3：

Residual heat extraction / 3.5.4：

Fuel evolution / 3.6：

The Bateman equations / 3.6.1：

The long-term fuel evolutions / 3.6.2：

Basics of waste transmutation / 3.7：

Radiotoxicities / 3.7.1：

Neutron balance for transmutation and incineration / 3.7.2：

ADSR principles / 4：

Properties of the multiplying medium / 4.1：

Energy gain / 4.1.1：

Neutron balance / 4.1.2：

Neutron importance / 4.1.3：

Practical simulation methods / 5：

Neutron reaction data files / 5.1：

Determinstic methods / 5.2：

Monte Carlo codes / 5.3：

Deterministic versus Monte Carlo simulation codes / 5.3.1：

MCNP, a well validated Monte Carlo code / 5.3.2：

Physics in MCNP / 5.4：

Precision and variance reduction / 5.4.1：

MCNP in practice / 5.5：

Units / 5.5.1：

Input file structure / 5.5.3：

Examples / 5.6：

Reactivity calculation / 5.6.1：

Homogeneous versus heterogeneous cores / 5.6.2：

Subcritical core / 5.6.3：

Precision / 5.6.4：

Evolution constraint / 5.7：

Spatial flux / 5.7.2：

Special cross-section data / 5.7.3：

Time step between two MCNPs / 5.7.4：

The neutron source / 6：

Interaction of protons with matter / 6.1：

Electronic energy losses / 6.1.1：

Nuclear stopping / 6.1.2：

The nuclear cascade / 6.1.3：

Experimental tests of the INC models / 6.1.4：

State of the art of the simulation codes / 6.1.5：

Alternative primary neutron production / 6.2：

Deuteron induced neutron production / 6.2.1：

Muon catalysed fusion / 6.2.2：

Electron induced neutron production / 6.2.3：

Experimental determination of the energy gain / 6.3：

Two-stage neutron multipliers / 6.4：

High-intensity accelerators / 6.5：

State of the art of high-intensity accelerators / 6.5.1：

Requirements for ADSR accelerators / 6.5.2：

Perspectives for high-intensity accelerators for ADSRs / 6.5.3：

Examples of high-intensity accelerator concepts / 6.5.4：

ADSR kinetics / 7：

Reactivity evolutions / 8：

Long-term evolutions / 8.1：

Short-term reactivity excursions / 8.2：

Protactinium effect / 8.2.1：

Xenon effect / 8.2.2：

Temperature effect / 8.2.3：

Impact of reactivity excursions / 8.2.4：

Fuel reprocessing techniques / 9：

Basics of reprocessing / 9.1：

Wet processes / 9.2：

The purex process / 9.2.1：

Dry processes / 9.3：

Vaporization / 9.3.1：

Gas purge / 9.3.2：

Liquid-liquid extraction / 9.3.3：

Selective precipitation / 9.3.4：

Electrolysis / 9.3.5：

Generic properties of ADSRs / 10：

The homogeneous spherical reactor / 10.1：

General solution of the diffusion equation / 10.1.1：

The three-zone reactor / 10.1.2：

Model calculations / 10.1.3：

Parametric study of heterogeneous systems / 10.2：

Role of hybrid reactors in fuel cycles / 11：

The thorium-uranium cycle / 11.1：

Radiotoxicity / 11.1.1：

Breeding rates / 11.1.2：

Doubling time / 11.1.3：

Transition towards a [superscript 232]Th-based fuel from the PWR spent fuel, using a fast spectrum and solid fuel / 11.1.4：

Thorium cycle with thermal spectrum / 11.1.5：

Incineration / 11.2：

Plutonium incineration / 11.2.1：

Minor actinide incineration / 11.2.2：

Initial reactivity of MA fuels / 11.2.3：

Solid versus liquid fuels / 11.2.4：

The paradox of minor actinide fuels / 11.2.6：

Ground laying proposals / 12：

Solid fuel reactors / 12.1：

Lead cooled ADSR: the Rubbia proposal / 12.1.1：

Molten salt reactors / 12.2：

The Bowman proposal / 12.2.1：

The TIER concept / 12.2.2：

Cost estimates / 12.3：

Scenarios for the development of ADSRs / 13：

Experiments / 13.1：

The FEAT experiment / 13.1.1：

The MUSE experiment / 13.1.2：

Demonstrators / 13.2：

Japan / 13.2.1：

United States / 13.2.2：

Europe / 13.2.3：

Deep underground disposal of nuclear waste / Appendix I：

Model of an underground disposal site / I.1：

Radioelement diffusion in geological layers / I.1.2：

Physical model of diffusion in the clay layer / I.1.3：

Simplified solution of the diffusion problem through the clay layer / I.1.4：

Solubility as a limiting factor of the flow of radioactive nuclei / I.1.5：

Determining the dose to the population / I.2：

Some dose determination examples / I.2.1：

Full computation example of the dose at the outlet / I.2.2：

Accidental intrusion / I.3：

Drilled samples / I.3.1：

Using the well to draw drinking water / I.3.2：

Heat production and sizing of the storage site / I.4：

Schematic determination of the temperature distribution / I.4.1：

Geological hazard / I.4.2：

An underground laboratory. What for? / I.6：

Conclusion / I.7：

The Chernobyl accident and the RMBK reactors / Appendix II：

The RBMK-1000 reactor / II.1：

Events leading to the accident / II.2：

The accident / II.3：

Basics of accelerator physics / Appendix III：

Linear accelerators / III.1：

The Wideroe linear accelerator / III.1.1：

The Alvarez or drift tube linac (DTL) / III.1.2：

Phase stability / III.1.3：

Beam focusing / III.1.4：

The radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) / III.1.5：

Cyclotrons / III.2：

Superconductive solutions / III.3：

Space charge limitations / III.4：

Bibliography

Index

Introduction / 1：

The energy issue / 2：

World energy perspectives / 2.1：

Energy consumptions / 2.1.1：

Fossil reserves / 2.1.2：

Greenhouse effect / 2.1.3：

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