| The Nature of Fluids and the Study of Fluid Mechanics / 1： |
| Basic Introductory Concepts |
| The International System of Units (SI) |
| The U.S. Customary System |
| Weight and Mass |
| Temperature |
| Consistent Units in an Equation |
| The Definition of Pressure |
| Compressibility |
| Density, Specific Weight, and Specific Gravity |
| Surface Tension |
| Viscosity of Fluids / 2： |
| Dynamic Viscosity |
| Kinematic Viscosity |
| Newtonian Fluids and Nonnewtonian Fluids |
| Variation of Viscosity with Temperature |
| Viscosity Measurement |
| SAE Viscosity Grades |
| ISO Viscosity Grades |
| Hydraulic Fluids for Fluid Power Systems |
| Pressure Measurement / 3： |
| Absolute and Gage Pressure |
| Relationship Between Pressure and Elevation |
| Development of the Pressure-Elevation Relation |
| Pascal's Paradox |
| Manometers |
| Barometers |
| Pressure Expressed as the Height of a Column of Liquid |
| Pressure Gages and Transducers |
| Forces Due to Static Fluids / 4： |
| Gases Under Pressure |
| Horizontal Flat Surfaces Under Liquids |
| Rectangular Walls |
| Submerged Plane Areas General |
| Development of the General Procedure for Forces on Submerged Plane Areas |
| Piezometric Head |
| Distribution of Force on a Submerged Curved Surface |
| Effect of a Pressure Above the Fluid Surface |
| Forces on a Curved Surface with Fluid Below It |
| Forces on Curved Surfaces with Fluid Above and Below |
| Buoyancy and Stability / 5： |
| Buoyancy |
| Buoyancy Materials |
| Stability of Completely Submerged Bodies |
| Stability of Floating Bodies |
| Degree of Stability |
| Flow of Fluids and Bernoulli's Equation / 6： |
| Fluid Flow Rate and the Continuity Equation |
| Commercially Available Pipe and Tubing |
| Recommended Velocity of Flow in Pipe and Tubing |
| Conservation of Energy Bernoulli's Equation |
| Interpretation of Bernoulli's Equation |
| Restrictions on Bernoulli's Equation |
| Applications of Bernoulli's Equation |
| Torricelli's Theorem |
| Flow Due to a Falling Head |
| General Energy Equation / 7： |
| Energy Losses and Additions |
| Nomenclature of Energy Losses sand Additions |
| Power Required by Pumps |
| Power Delivered to Fluid Motors |
| Reynolds Number, Laminar Flow, Turbulent Flow, and Energy Losses Due to Friction / 8： |
| Reynolds Number |
| Critical Reynolds Numbers |
| Darcy's Equation |
| Friction Lass in Laminar Flow |
| Friction Loss in Turbulent Flow |
| Equations for Friction Factor |
| Hazen-Williams Formula for Water Flow |
| Other Forms of the Hazen-Williams Formula |
| Nomograph for Solving Hazen-Williams Formula |
| Velocity Profiles for Circular Sections and Flow in Noncircular Sections / 9： |
| Velocity Profiles |
| Velocity Profile for Laminar Flow |
| Velocity Profile for Turbulent Flow |
| Flow in Noncircular Sections |
| Minor Losses / 10： |
| Resistance Coefficient |
| Sudden Enlargement |
| Exit Loss |
| Gradual Enlargement |
| Sudden Contraction |
| Gradual Contraction |
| Entrance Loss |
| Resistance Coefficients for Valves and Fittings |
| Application of Standard Valves |
| Pipe Bends |
| Pressure Drop in Fluid Power Valves |
| Flow Coefficients for Valves Using Cv |
| Plastic Valves |
| Series Pipe Line Systems / 11： |
| Systems / Class I： |
| Spreadsheet Aid for Class I Problems |
| Pipeline Design for Structural Integrity / Class II： |
| Parallel Pipe Line Systems / 12： |
| Systems with Two Branches |
| Systems with Three or More Branches Networks |
| Pump Selection and Application / 13： |
| Parameters Involved in Pump Selection |
| Types of Pumps |
| Positive Displacement Pumps |
| Kinetic Pumps |
| Performance Data for Centrifugal Pumps |
| Affinity Laws for Centrifugal Pumps |
| Manufacturer's Data for Centrifugal Pumps |
| The Operating Point of a Pump and Pump Selection |
| Net Positive Suction Head |
| Suction Line Details |
| Discharge Line Details |
| Piping System Design and Pump Selection Procedure |
| Alternate System Operating Modes |
| Pump Selection and Specific Speed |
| Life Cycle Costs for Pumped Fluid System |
| Software for Piping System Design and Pump Selection |
| Open Channel Flow / 14： |
| Classification of Open Channel Flow |
| Hydraulic Radius and Reynolds Number in Open Channel Flow |
| Kinds of Open Channel Flow |
| Uniform Steady Flow in Open Channels |
| The Geometry of Typical Open Channels |
| The Most Efficient Shapes for Open Channels |
| Critical Flow and Specific Energy |
| Hydraulic Jump |
| Open Channel Flow Measurement |
| Flow Measurement / 15： |
| Flowmeter Selection Factors |
| Variable Head Meters |
| Variable Area Meters |
| Turbine Flowmeter |
| Vortex Flowmeter |
| Magnetic Flowmeter |
| Ultrasonic Flowmeters |
| Positive Displacement Meters |
| Mass Flow Measurement |
| Velocity Probes |
| Level Measurement |
| Computer-Based Data Acquisition and Processing |
| Forces Due to Fluids in Motion / 16： |
| Force Equation |
| Impulse-Momentum Equation |
| Problem-Solving Method Using the Force Equations |
| Forces on Stationary Objects |
| Forces on Bends in Pipe Lines |
| Forces on Moving Objects |
| Drag and Lift / 17： |
| Drag Force Equation |
| Pressure Drag |
| Drag Coefficient |
| Friction Drag on Spheres in Laminar Flow |
| Vehicle Drag |
| Compressibility Effects and Cavitation |
| Lift and Drag on Airfoils |
| Fans, Blowers, Compressors, And The Flow Of Gases / 18： |
| Gas Flow Rates and Pressures |
| Classification of Fans, Blowers, and Compressors |
| Flow of Compressed Air and Other Gases in Pipes |
| Flow of Air and Other Gases through Nozzles |
| Flow Of Air In Ducts / 19： |
| Energy Losses in Ducts |
| Duct Design |
| Energy Efficiency and Practical Consideration in Duct Design |
| Appendixes |
| Properties of Water |
| Properties of Common Liquids |
| Typical Properties of Petroleum Lubricating Oils |
| Properties of Air |
| Dimensions of Steel Pipe |
| Dimensions of Steel Tubing |
| Dimensions of Type K Copper Tubing |
| Dimensions of Ductile Iron Pipe |
| Areas of Circles |
| Conversion Factors |
| Properties of Areas |
| Properties of Solids |
| Gas Constant, Adiabatic Exponent, and Critical Pressure Ratio for Selected Gases |
| Answers to Selected Problems |
| Index |
| The Nature of Fluids and the Study of Fluid Mechanics / 1： |
| Basic Introductory Concepts |
| The International System of Units (SI) |
| The U.S. Customary System |
| Weight and Mass |
| Temperature |
