Molecular catalysts for energy conversion

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Molecular catalysts for energy conversion / Tatsuhiro Okada, Masao Kaneko, editors

資料種別:

図書

出版情報:

Berlin : Springer, c2009

形態:

xxiv, 431 p. ; 25 cm

シリーズ名:

Springer series in materials science ; v. 111 <BA00476831>

著者名:

ISBN:

9783540707301 [3540707301]

書誌ID:

BA87760539

子書誌情報

フルテキスト

所蔵情報

他の版・巻

書誌詳細

注記:

Includes bibliographical references and index

著者名ヨミ:

オカダ, タツヒロ
カネコ, マサオ

主題:

Catalysts; Energy conversion; Molecular dynamics

言語:

英語

目次情報:

Preface

List of Contributors

List of Abbreviations

Historical Overview and Fundamental Aspects of Molecular Catalysts for Energy Conversion / T. Okada ; T. Abe ; M. Kaneko1：

Introduction: Why Molecular Catalysts? A New Era of Biomimetic Approach Toward Efficient Energy Conversion Systems / 1.1：

Molecular Catalysts for Fuel Cell Reactions / 1.2：

Oxygen Reduction Catalysts / 1.2.1：

Fuel Oxidation Catalysts / 1.2.2：

Molecular Catalysts for Artificial Photosynthetic Reaction / 1.3：

Water Oxidation Catalyst / 1.3.1：

Reduction Catalyst / 1.3.2：

Photodevices for Photoinduced Chemical Reaction in the Water Phase / 1.3.3：

Summary / 1.4：

References

Charge Transport in Molecular Catalysis in a Heterogeneous Phase / 2：

Introduction / 2.1：

Charge Transport (CT) by Molecules in a Heterogeneous Phase / 2.2：

General Overview / 2.2.1：

Mechanism of Charge Transport / 2.2.2：

Charge Transfer by Molecules Under Photoexcited State in a Heterogeneous Phase / 2.3：

Overview / 2.3.1：

Mechanism of Charge Transfer at Photoexcited State in a Heterogeneous Phase / 2.3.2：

Charge Transfer and Electrochemical Reactions in Metal Complexes / 2.4：

Charge Transfer in Metal Complexes / 2.4.1：

Charge Transfer at Electrode Surfaces / 2.4.2：

Oxygen Reduction Reaction at Metal Macrocycles / 2.4.3：

Proton Transport in Polymer Electrolytes / 2.5：

Proton Transfer Reactions / 2.5.1：

Electrochemical Methods for Catalyst Evaluation in Fuel Cells and Solar Cells / 2.5.2：

Electrochemical Measuring System for Catalyst Research in Fuel Cells / 3.1：

Reference Electrode / 3.2.1：

Rotating Ring-Disk Electrode / 3.2.2：

Gas Electrodes of Half-Cell Configuration / 3.2.3：

Fuel Cell Test Station / 3.2.4：

Electrochemical Methods for Electrocatalysts / 3.2.5：

Electrochemical Measuring System for Heterogeneous Charge Transport and Solar Cells / 3.3：

Testing Method of Charge Transport in Heterogeneous Systems / 3.3.1：

Evaluation of Charge Transport by Redox Molecules Incorporated in a Heterogeneous Phase / 3.3.2：

AC Impedance Spectroscopy to Evaluate Charge Transport, Conductivity, Double-Layer Capacitance, and Electrode Reaction / 3.3.3：

I-V Characteristics of Solar Cells / 3.3.4：

Impedance Spectroscopy to Evaluate Multistep Charge Transport of a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell / 3.3.5：

Molecular Catalysts for Fuel Cell Anodes / 3.4：

Concept of Composite Electrocatalysts in Fuel Cells / 4.1：

Methanol Oxidation Reaction / 4.3：

Mechanism of Methanol Oxidation Reaction / 4.3.1：

New Electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation Reaction / 4.3.2：

Structure of Composite Catalysts / 4.3.3：

Formic Acid Oxidation Reaction / 4.4：

Mechanism of Formic Acid Oxidation / 4.4.1：

Formic Acid Oxidation on Composite Catalysts / 4.4.2：

CO-Tolerant Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction / 4.5：

Electrochemical and Fuel Cell Testing / 4.5.1：

Durability Testing / 4.5.2：

Structural Characterization / 4.5.3：

Macrocycles for Fuel Cell Cathodes / K. Oyaizu ; H. Murata ; M. Yuasa4.6：

Molecular Design of Macrocycles for Fuel Cell Cathodes / 5.1：

Diporphyrin Cobalt Complexes and Related Catalysts / 5.3：

Diporphyrin Cobalt Complexes / 5.3.1：

Polypyrrole Cobalt Complexes / 5.3.2：

Cobalt Thienylporphyrins / 5.3.3：

Porphyrin Assemblies Based on Intermolecular Interaction / 5.4：

Multinuclear Complexes as Electron Reservoirs / 5.5：

Platinum-Free Catalysts for Fuel Cell Cathode / N. Koshino ; H. Higashimura5.6：

Drawbacks of Using Pt as Catalysts in PEFC / 6.1：

Mechanistic Aspects of Oxygen Reduction by Cathode Catalyst / 6.3：

Metal Particles / 6.4：

Metal Oxides, Carbides, Nitrides, and Chalcogenides / 6.4.2：

Carbon Materials / 6.4.3：

Metal Complex-Based Catalysts / 6.4.4：

Catalysts Designed from Dinuclear Metal Complexes / 6.4.5：

Novel Support Materials for Fuel Cell Catalysts / J. Nakamura6.5：

Performance of Electrocatalysts Using Carbon Nanotubes / 7.1：

<$>H_2 -O_2<$> Fuel Cell / 7.2.1：

DMFC / 7.2.2：

Why Is Carbon Nanotube So Effective as Support Material? / 7.3：

Molecular Catalysts for Electrochemical Solar Cells and Artificial Photosynthesis / 8：

Overview on Principles of Molecule-Based Solar Cells / 8.1：

Photon Absorption / 8.2.1：

Suppression of Charge Recombination to Achieve Effective Charge Separation / 8.2.2：

Diffusion of Separated Charges / 8.2.3：

Electrode Reaction / 8.2.4：

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) / 8.3：

Artificial Photosynthesis / 8.4：

Dark Catalysis for Artificial Photosynthesis / 8.5：

Dark Catalysis for Water Oxidation / 8.5.1：

Dark Catalysis for Proton Reduction / 8.5.2：

Conclusion and Future Scopes / 8.6：

Molecular Design of Sensitizers for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells / K. Hara9：

Metal-Complex Sensitizers / 9.1：

Molecular Structures of Ru-Complex Sensitizers / 9.2.1：

Electron-Transfer Processes / 9.2.2：

Performance of DSSCs Based on Ru Complexes / 9.2.3：

Other Metal-Complex Sensitizers for DSSCs / 9.2.4：

Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines / 9.3：

Organic Dyes / 9.4：

Molecular Structures of Organic-Dye Sensitizers for DSSCs / 9.4.1：

Performance of DSSCs Based on Organic Dyes / 9.4.2：

Electron Transfer from Organic Dyes to TiO₂ / 9.4.3：

Electron Diffusion Length / 9.4.4：

Stability / 9.5：

Photochemical and Thermal Stability of Sensitizers / 9.5.1：

Long-Term Stability of Solar-Cell Performance / 9.5.2：

Summary and Perspectives / 9.6：

Fabrication of Charge Carrier Paths for High Efficiency Cells / T. Kogo ; Y. Ogomi ; S. Hayase10：

Fabrication of Electron-Paths / 10.1：

Suppression of Black-Dye Aggregation in a Pressurized CO₂ Atmosphere / 10.3：

Two-Layer TiO₂ Structure for Efficient Light Harvesting / 10.4：

TCO-Less All-Metal Electrode-Type DSC / 10.5：

Ion-Path in Quasi-Solid Medium / 10.6：

Environmental Cleaning by Molecular Photocatalysts / D. Wöhrle ; K. Nagai ; O. Suvorova ; R. Gerdes10.7：

Oxidative Methods for the Photodegradation of Pollutants in Wastewater / 11.1：

Comparison of Different Methods of UV Processes for Water Cleaning / 11.2.1：

Photodegradation of Pollutants with Oxygen in the Visible Region of Light / 11.2.2：

Visible Light Decomposition of Ammonia to Nitrogen with Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ as Sensitizer / 11.3：

Nitrogen Pollutants and Their Photodecomposition / 11.3.1：

Photochemical Electron Relay with Ammonia / 11.3.2：

Photochemical Decomposition of Ammonia to Dinitrogen by a Photosensitized Electron Relay / 11.3.3：

Visible Light Responsive Organic Semiconductors as Photocatalysts / 11.4：

Photoelectrochemical Character of Organic Semiconductors in Water Phase / 11.4.1：

Photoelectrochemical Oxidations by Irradiation with Visible Light / 11.4.2：

Photochemical Decomposition of Amines Using Visible Light and Organic Semiconductors / 11.4.3：

Optical Oxygen Sensor / N. Asakura ; I. Okura12：

Theoretical Aspect of Optical Oxygen Sensor of Porphyrins / 12.1：

Advantage of Optical Oxygen Sensing / 12.2.1：

Principle of Optical Oxygen Sensor / 12.2.2：

Brief History of Optical Oxygen Sensors / 12.2.3：

Optical Oxygen Sensor by Phosphorescence Intensity / 12.3：

Phosphorescent Compounds / 12.3.1：

Immobilization of Phosphorescent Molecules for Optical Oxygen Sensor and Measurement System / 12.3.2：

Optical Oxygen Sensor with Platinum Octaethylporphyrin Polystyrene Film (PtOEP-PS Film) / 12.3.3：

Optical Oxygen Sensor with PtOEP and Supports / 12.3.4：

Application of Optical Oxygen Sensor for Air Pressure Measurements / 12.3.5：

Optical Oxygen Sensor by Phosphorescence Lifetime Measurements / 12.4：

Advantages of Phosphorescence Lifetime Measurement / 12.4.1：

Phosphorescence Lifetime Measurement / 12.4.2：

Distribution of Oxygen Concentration Inside Single Living Cell by Phosphorescence Lifetime Measurement / 12.4.3：

Optical Oxygen Sensor T-T Absorption / 12.5：

Advantage of Optical Oxygen Sensor Based on T-T Absorption / 12.5.1：

Optical Oxygen Sensor Based on the Photoexcited Triplet Lifetime Measurement / 12.5.2：

Optical Oxygen Sensor Based on Stationary T-T Absorption (Stationary Quenching) / 12.5.3：

Adsorption and Electrode Processes / H. Shiroishi12.6：

Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetics / 13.1：

Langmuir Isotherms / 13.2.1：

Freundlich Isotherm / 13.2.2：

Temkin Isotherm / 13.2.3：

Application for Selective Reaction on Metal Surface by Adsorbate / 13.2.4：

Slab Optical Waveguide Spectroscopy / 13.3：

Principle / 13.3.1：

Application of Slab Optical Waveguide Spectroscopy / 13.3.2：

Methods of Digital Simulation for Electrochemical Measurements / 13.4：

Formulation of Electrochemical System / 13.4.1：

Finite Differential Methods / 13.4.2：

Digital Simulation for Polymer-Coated Electrodes / 13.5：

Hydrostatic Condition / 13.5.1：

Hydrodynamic Condition / 13.5.2：

Classical Monte Carlo Simulation for Charge Propagation in Redox Polymer / 13.6：

Visualization of Charge Propagation / 13.6.1：

Determination of a Charge Hopping Distance / 13.6.2：

Spectroscopic Studies of Molecular Processeson Electrocatalysts / A. Kuzume ; M. Ito14：

The Preparation and Spectroscopic Characterization of Fuel Cell Catalysts / 14.1：

Catalyst Preparation by Electroless Plating and Direct Hydrogen Reduction Methods: Practical Application for High Performance PEFC / 14.2.1：

In Situ IRAS Studies of Methanol Oxidation on Fuel Cell Catalysts / 14.2.2：

Spectroscopic Studies of Methanol Oxidation on Pt Surfaces / 14.3：

Electrooxidation of Methanol on Pt(111) in Acid Solutions: Effects of Electrolyte Anions during Electrocatalytic Reactions / 14.3.1：

Methanol Oxidation Mechanisms on Pt(111) Surfaces / 14.3.2：

Conclusions / 14.4：

Strategies for Structural and Energy Calculation of Molecular Catalysts / S. Tsuzuki ; M. Saito15：

Computational Methods / 15.1：

Basis Set and Electron Correlation Effects on Geometry and Conformational Energy / 15.3：

Intermolecular Forces / 15.4：

Basis and Electron Correlation Effects on Intermolecular Interactions / 15.5：

Calculations of Transition Metal Complexes / 15.6：

Examples of the Ab Initio Calculation for Molecular Catalysts / 15.7：

Future Technologies on Molecular Catalysts / 15.8：

Road Map for Clean Energy Society / 16.1：

Hydrogen Production / 16.3：

Natural Gas / 16.3.1：

Renewable Energy Source / 16.3.2：

Biomass / 16.3.3：

Hydrogen Utilization / 16.4：

Hydrogen Storage / 16.4.1：

Energy Conversion / 16.4.2：

Biomimetic Approach and Role of Molecular Catalysts for Energy-Efficient Utilization / 16.5：

Index / 16.6：

Preface

List of Contributors

List of Abbreviations

Historical Overview and Fundamental Aspects of Molecular Catalysts for Energy Conversion / T. Okada ; T. Abe ; M. Kaneko1：

Introduction: Why Molecular Catalysts? A New Era of Biomimetic Approach Toward Efficient Energy Conversion Systems / 1.1：

Molecular Catalysts for Fuel Cell Reactions / 1.2：

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