| Preface |
| Acknowledgments |
| American Values, Ethical Analysis, and Democratic Process / Part 1： |
| Introduction / Chapter 1： |
| Ethics and Policymaking |
| Overview |
| References |
| American Political Culture: Core Values / Chapter 2： |
| Five Value Clusters |
| The Individual: The Politics of Interest |
| The Individual: The Politics of Conscience |
| The Community: Populism |
| The Community: Associationism |
| Putting It All Together: American Pragmatism |
| Values and Generational Change |
| A Framework for Ethical Public Policy Analysis / Chapter 3： |
| Utilitarianism |
| Deontological Ethics (Kantianism) |
| Prudent Pragmatism |
| Some Case Illustrations |
| Conclusion |
| Prudent Pragmatism and Consensus: Case Ethics in Monist and in Pluralist Society / Chapter 4： |
| The Fusion of Religion and Politics in Monist Society |
| Case Morality in Monist Society |
| Casuistry in Medieval Europe |
| The System of Medieval Casuistry |
| The Decline of Casuistry |
| From Casuistry to Theoretical Ethics |
| Consensus in Pluralist Society |
| Levels of Consensus |
| Development of the Pluralist Ideal |
| Limits on Pluralism |
| The Question of Abortion: Irruption of Violence |
| Hopes and Fears |
| Prudent Pragmatism and Democratic Polity: Citizen, Representative, and Policy Analyst / Chapter 5： |
| Citizenship in a Democracy |
| The Classical Liberal Model |
| Prudent Pragmatism and Deliberative Democracy |
| Obstacles to Deliberative Democratic Development |
| The Restoration of Deliberative Democracy |
| Conclusion: The Role of the Democratic Citizen |
| Representation and Representatives |
| Legislators |
| Executives |
| Policy Analysis in Deliberative Democracy |
| Policy Analysis as Technical Expertise |
| Policy Analysis as Value Clarification and Assessment |
| Policy Analysis as Prudent Pragmatic Reasoning in Policymaking |
| Ethicists as Policy Analysts |
| Issues and Cases / Part 2： |
| Introduction to Part Two |
| National Healthcare Policy / Chapter 6： |
| The U.S. Public Health System |
| Historical Perspective |
| Controlling Tobacco as a Hazardous Substance: Development of a Policy |
| Case Study: New York's Response to Secondhand Smoke |
| Ethical Analysis of the Case |
| Paying for Individual Healthcare: The Insurance Dilemma |
| Historical Development |
| Philosophical Frameworks |
| Continuing Efforts to Expand Healthcare Coverage |
| Prescription Drugs and Medicare: A Case Study |
| Criminal Justice / Chapter 7： |
| The Administration of Criminal Justice: A Historical Perspective |
| The Nineteenth Century: Crime and Local Politics |
| Professionalization and Nationalization of Law Enforcement |
| Crime Control and Rights |
| Racial Profiling and the War on Drugs: Search-and-Seizure Jurisprudence and Racial Profiling |
| Racial Profiling in New Jersey: A Case Study |
| The Fight Against Terrorism: An Addendum |
| Combating Subversion: Crime Control or War |
| The Lackawanna Six: A Case Study |
| USA PATRIOT Act in Broader Perspective |
| Social Welfare Policy in the United States: Conflicting Principles of Distributive Justice / Chapter 8： |
| The Welfare State in Europe and in America |
| America's Response to Immigration: Illegals and Welfare |
| Welfare and Illegal Aliens: The Case of California |
| Healthcare for the Poor |
| Medicaid and the Poor in Allegany County: A Case Study |
| Biotechnology and Humanity / Chapter 9： |
| The Biotechnology Revolution |
| Public Control of Scientific Research |
| Stem Cell Research |
| The Federal Regulation of Research |
| The Bush Prohibition: A Case Study |
| Therapeutic Cloning of Stem Cells |
| Other Dilemmas |
| Organ Transplantation and Organ Donation |
| Enhancing the Organ Supply by Changing the Moral Culture: A Case Study |
| Ethical Analysis of the Case: Communitarianism vs. Commodification |
| The Natural Environment and Human Well-Being / Chapter 10： |
| Environmental Policy-A Major Concern |
| Command and Control |
| A More Flexible Approach |
| Clean Air |
| The Clear Skies Initiative: A Case Study |
| The Harnessing of America's Rivers |
| Problems and Contradictions in the Dam Complex: A Case Study |
| Ethical Defense / Chapter 11： |
| America in the World: Leader or Hegemon? |
| America at War |
| Preemptive War |
| The Decision to Invade Iraq: A Case Study |
| Treatment of Enemy Prisoners in Wartime: Jus in Bello |
| American Practice in the Treatment of Prisoners of War |
| Treatment of Prisoners During the Second Iraq War |
| A Philosophical Discussion |
| The Problem of Accountability: Moral and Legal Responsibility |
| Interrogations in Abu Ghraib Prison: A Case Study |
| Index / Chapter 12： |
| Preface |
| Acknowledgments |
| American Values, Ethical Analysis, and Democratic Process / Part 1： |
| Introduction / Chapter 1： |
| Ethics and Policymaking |
| Overview |
