| Introduction / 1： |
| A Brief History |
| The Molecular Nature of Genes / 2： |
| An Introduction to Gene Function / 3： |
| Methods of Molecular Biology |
| Molecular Cloning Methods / 4： |
| Molecular Tools for Studying Genes and Gene Activity / 5： |
| Transcription in Prokaryotes |
| The Mechanism of Transcription in Prokaryotes / 6： |
| Operons: Fine Control of Prokaryotic Transcription / 7： |
| Major Shifts in Prokaryotic Transcription / 8： |
| DNA-Protein Interactions in Prokaryotes / 9： |
| Transcription in Eukaryotes |
| Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and Their Promoters / 10： |
| General Transcription Factors in Eukaryotes / 11： |
| Transcription Activators in Eukaryotes / 12： |
| Chromatin Structure and Its Effects on Transcription / 13： |
| Posttranscriptional Events |
| Messenger RNA Processing I: Splicing / 14： |
| Messenger RNA Processing II: Capping and Polyadenylation / 15： |
| Other RNA Processing Events / 16： |
| Translation |
| The Mechanism of Translation I: Initiation / 17： |
| The Mechanism of Translation II: Elongation and Termination / 18： |
| Ribosomes and Transfer RNA / 19： |
| DNA Replication, Recombination, and Transposition |
| DNA Replication I: Basic Mechanism and Enzymology / 20： |
| DNA Replication II: Detailed Mechanism / 21： |
| Homologous Recombination / 22： |
| Transposition / 23： |
| Genomes |
| Genomics and Proteomics / 24： |
| Preface |
| Correlation Guide |
| The Last West, Cities, Immigrants, and the Industrial Revolution / Unit 1： |
| Is History True? / Issue 1： |
| YES: from Truth in History (The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1979) / Oscar Handlin |
| NO: from "Mythistory, or Truth, Myth, History, and Historians," American Historical Review (February 1986) / William H. McNeill |
| Was the Wild West More Violent than the Rest of the United States? / Issue 2： |
| YES: from "Frontiers," in Ronald Gottesman and Richard Maxwell Brown, eds., Violence in America: An Encyclopedia, vol. 1 (Charles Scribner's Sons, 1999) / David T. Courtright |
| NO: from "To Live and Die in Dodge City: Body Counts, Law and Order and the Case of Kansas V. Gill," in Michael A. Bellesiles, ed., Lethal Imagination, Violence and Brutality in American History (New York University Press, 1999) / Robert R. Dykstra |
| Were American Workers in the Gilded Age Conservative Capitalists? / Issue 3： |
| YES: from Out of Our Past: The Forces That Shaped Modern America, 3rd ed. (Harper & Row, 1984) / Carl N. Degler |
| NO: from Work, Culture, and Society in Industrializing American: Essays in American Working-Class and Social History (Alfred A. Knopf, 1976) / Herbert G. Gutman |
| Were Late-Nineteenth-Century Immigrants "Uprooted"? / Issue 4： |
| YES: from The Uprooted: The Epic Story of the Great Migrations That Made the American People, 2nd ed. (Little Brown and Company, 1973) |
| NO: from Round-Trip to America: The Immigrants Return to Europe, 1880-1930 (Cornell University Press, 1993) / Mark Wyman |
| Was City Government in Late-Nineteenth-Century America a "Conspicuous Failure"? / Issue 5： |
| YES: from A History of American City Government: The Conspicuous Failure, 1870-1900 (National Civic League Press, 1974) / Ernest S. Griffith |
| NO: from The Unheralded Triumph: City Government in America, 1870-1900 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1984) / Jon C. Teaford |
| The Response to Industrialism and Reform, War, and Depression / Unit 2： |
| Did Booker T. Washington's Philosophy and Actions Betray the Interests of African Americans? / Issue 6： |
| YES: from Schooling for the New Slavery: Black Industrial Education, 1868-1915 (Greenwood Press, 1978) / Donald Spivey |
| NO: from "Understanding the Wizard: Another Look at the Age of Booker T. Washington," in W. Fitzhugh Brundage, ed., Booker T. Washington and Black Progress: Up From Slavery 100 Years Later (University of Florida Press, 2003) / Robert J. Norrell |
| Did the Progressives Fail? / Issue 7： |
| YES: from "The Failure of Progressivism," in Richard Abrams and Lawrence Levine, eds., The Shaping of the Twentieth Century, 2d ed. (Little, Brown, 1971) / Richard M. Abrams |
| NO: from Progressivism (Harlan Davidson, 1983) / Arthur S. Link ; Richard L. McCormick |
| Was Woodrow Wilson Responsible for the Failure of the United States to Join the League of Nations? / Issue 8： |
| YES: from "Woodrow Wilson Wouldn't Yield," in Alexander De Conde and Armin Rappaport, eds., Essays Diplomatic and Undiplomatic of Thomas A. Bailey (Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1969) / Thomas A. Bailey |
| NO: from "A New Look at Woodrow Wilson," The Virginia Quarterly Review (Autumn 1962) / William G. Carleton |
| Was Prohibition a Failure? / Issue 9： |
| YES: from Repealing National Prohibition, 2d ed. (The University of Chicago Press, 1979, 2000) / David E. Kyvig |
| NO: from "New Perspectives on the Prohibition 'Experiment' of the 1920s," Journal of Social History, Volume 2 (Fall 1968) / J. C. Burnham |
| Was the New Deal an Effective Answer to the Great Depression? / Issue 10： |
| YES: from A New Deal for the American People (Northern Illinois University Press, 1991) / Roger Biles |
| NO: from Pride, Prejudice, and Politics: Roosevelt Versus Recovery, 1933-1938 (Praeger, 1990) / Gary Dean Best |
| Was Franklin Roosevelt a Reluctant Internationalist? / Issue 11： |
| YES: from Roosevelt and World War II (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1969) / Robert A. Divine |
| NO: from "The Man of the Century," American Heritage (May/June 1994) / Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. |
| The Cold War and Beyond / Unit 3： |
| Was President Truman Responsible for the Cold War? / Issue 12： |
| YES: from "Another Such Victory": President Truman, American Foreign Policy, and the Cold War, Diplomatic History (Spring 1999) / Arnold A. Offner |
| NO: from We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History (Oxford University Press, 1997) / John Lewis Gaddis |
| Was Rock and Roll Responsible for Dismantling America's Traditional Family, Sexual, and Racial Customs in the 1950s and 1960s? / Issue 13： |
| YES: from All Shook Up: How Rock and Roll Changed America (Oxford University Press, 2003) / Glenn C. Altschuler |
| NO: from God's Country: America in the Fifties (Dembner Books, 1986, 1990) / J. Ronald Oakley |
| Did the Brown Decision Fail to Desegregate and Improve the Status of African Americans? / Issue 14： |
| YES: from Jim Crow's Children: The Broken Promise of the Brown Decision (Viking Press, 2002) / Peter Irons |
| NO: from Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America's Struggle for Equality (Alfred A. Knopf, 2004) / Richard Kluger |
| Was the Americanization of the War in Vietnam Inevitable? / Issue 15： |
| YES: from Into the Quagmire: Lyndon Johnson and the Escalation of the Vietnam War (Oxford University Press, 1991) / Brian Van DeMark |
| NO: from Dereliction of Duty: Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies That Led to Vietnam (HarperCollins, 1997) / H. R. McMaster |
| Has the Women's Movement of the 1970s Failed to Liberate American Women? / Issue 16： |
| YES: from Domestic Tranquility: A Brief Against Feminism (Spence, 1998) / F. Carolyn Graglia |
| NO: from "American Women in the Twentieth Century," in Harvard Sitkoff, ed., Perspectives on Modern America: Making Sense of the Twentieth Century (Oxford University Press, 2001) / Sara M. Evans |
| Were the 1980s a Decade of Affluence for the Middle Class? / Issue 17： |
| YES: from The America That Reagan Built (Praeger, 2006) / J. David Woodard |
| NO: from "The Changing Shape of Power: A Realignment in Public Policy," in Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle, The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930-1980 (Princeton University Press, 1980) / Thomas Byrne Edsall |
| Contributors |
| Introduction / 1： |
| A Brief History |
| The Molecular Nature of Genes / 2： |
| An Introduction to Gene Function / 3： |
| Methods of Molecular Biology |
| Molecular Cloning Methods / 4： |
