List of Tables |
List of Figures |
Preface |
Acknowledgements |
About the Author |
Introducing Data / 1: |
Chapter Overview / 1.1: |
Data Surrounds Us / 1.2: |
The Power of Data: Fog, Pollution, and Catastrophe in London / 1.3: |
The Lingering Influence of Data: The Work of Alexis de Tocqueville / 1.4: |
The Questions that Drive Data Analysis: The Work of Adolphe Quetelet / 1.5: |
Defining 'Data' / 1.6: |
From 'Data' to 'Big Data' / 1.7: |
Concluding Thoughts / 1.8: |
Summary / 1.9: |
Further Reading / 1.10: |
Discussion Questions / 1.11: |
Thinking like a Data Analyst / 2: |
Introduction: Developing a Rigorous, Reflective Attitude / 2.1: |
Positivist and Interpretivist Frameworks / 2.3: |
Contrasting Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches / 2.4: |
Hypotheses and How to Test Them / 2.5: |
Other Theoretical Approaches / 2.6: |
Different Types of Validity / 2.7: |
Triangulation / 2.8: |
Recognizing Our Limitations / 2.9: |
Finding, Collecting, and Organizing Data / 2.10: |
Data Sources: An Introduction / 3.1: |
Unexpected Data Sources: A Long-Term Perspective on Crime / 3.3: |
Developing Research Questions and Hypotheses / 3.4: |
Designing a Research Plan / 3.5: |
Pilot Studies / 3.6: |
Finding a Sample / 3.7: |
Minimizing Sampling Error / 3.8: |
Non-response / 3.9: |
Missing Data / 3.10: |
Thinking about Secondary Data / 3.11: |
Ethics and Research Design / 3.12: |
Introducing Quantitative Data Analysis / 3.13: |
What is Quantitative Data Analysis? / 4.1: |
Quantitative Data Analysis Approaches / 4.3: |
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data / 4.4: |
Advantages and Disadvantages of Secondary Data / 4.5: |
What Is a Variable? / 4.6: |
Populations, Samples, and Statistical Inference / 4.7: |
Descriptive Statistics / 4.8: |
Measures of Central Tendency / 4.9: |
Measures of Variability / 4.10: |
The Sampling Distribution / 4.11: |
The Normal Distribution / 4.12: |
Introducing p-Values / 4.13: |
Type I Error and Type II Error / 4.14: |
One-Tailed Tests and Two-Tailed Tests / 4.15: |
Beyond Significance Testing / 4.16: |
Applying Quantitative Data Analysis: Correlations, t-Tests, and Chi-Square Tests / 4.17: |
Introduction: Associations and Differences / 5.1: |
Introducing Correlation / 5.3: |
Understanding Covariance and Correlation / 5.4: |
Conducting a Significance Test / 5.5: |
Interpreting Pearson's Correlation Coefficient / 5.6: |
Checking Assumptions / 5.7: |
If Your Data Does Not Meet the Assumptions of Pearson's r / 5.8: |
The t-Test: An Overview / 5.9: |
Formulas for the t-Test / 5.10: |
Interpreting t-Test Results: A Cautionary Note / 5.11: |
If Your Data Does Not Meet the Assumptions of the t-Test / 5.12: |
The Chi-Square Test of Association / 5.14: |
Determining Significance / 5.15: |
Testing Assumptions / 5.16: |
If Your Data Does Not Meet the Assumptions of the Chi-Square Test of Association / 5.17: |
Introducing Qualitative Data Analysis / 5.18: |
What Makes Data 'Qualitative'? / 6.1: |
Qualitative Data Analysis Approaches / 6.3: |
Analytical Strategies / 6.4: |
Coding: A Preview / 6.5: |
Examples of Qualitative Studies / 6.6: |
How to Select a Qualitative Approach / 6.7: |
Applying Qualitative Data Analysis / 6.8: |
Analysing Qualitative Data: An Overview / 7.1: |
What Are You Going to Analyse? / 7.3: |
Data Types / 7.4: |
Non-Textual Analysis / 7.5: |
Beginning Your Analysis / 7.6: |
Launching the Coding Process / 7.7: |
Predetermined and Spontaneous Codes / 7.8: |
Complexities in the Coding Process / 7.9: |
Theoretical Memos / 7.10: |
Coding with CAQDAS / 7.11: |
Presenting Findings / 7.12: |
Introducing Mixed Methods: How to Synthesize Quantitative and Qualitative Data Analysis Techniques / 7.13: |
What is Mixed-Methods Research? / 8.1: |
Why Use Both Quantitative and Qualitative Methods? The Example of Excess Winter Mortality / 8.3: |
Rationales for Using Mixed Methods / 8.4: |
Types of Mixed-Methods Research / 8.5: |
The Challenges of Crossing the Methodological Divide / 8.6: |
Examples from Across the Disciplines / 8.7: |
Communicating Findings and Visualizing Data / 8.8: |
Wait… We're Not Done Yet? / 9.1: |
Communicating Findings: General Principles / 9.3: |
Think about Your Audience(s) / 9.4: |
Different Venues for Communicating Findings / 9.5: |
Data Visualization / 9.6: |
Recommendations for Data Visualization / 9.7: |
The Future of Data Visualization / 9.8: |
Examples of innovative Data Visualizations / 9.9: |
Conclusion: Becoming a Data Analyst / 9.10: |
Becoming a Data Analyst: Key Principles / 10.1: |
Concluding Thoughts: The Future of Data Analysis / 10.3: |
Glossary / 10.4: |
References |
Index |