Creep and fracture of ice

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Creep and fracture of ice / Erland M. Schulson, Paul Duval

資料種別:

電子ブック

形態:

1 online resource (xiii, 401 p.)

著者名:

ISBN:

9780511581397 [0511581394] (: electronic bk)

書誌ID:

EB00000241

子書誌情報

フルテキスト

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書誌詳細

その他の標題:

Creep & Fracture of Ice

注記:

Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015).
This is the first complete account of the physics of the creep and fracture of ice, and their interconnectivity. It investigates the deformation of low-pressure ice, which is fundamental to glaciers, polar ice sheets and the uppermost region of icy moons of the outer Solar System. The book discusses ice structure and its defects, and describes the relationship between structure and mechanical properties. It reviews observations and measurements, and then interprets them in terms of physical mechanisms. The book provides a road-map to future studies of ice mechanics, such as the behaviour of glaciers and ice sheets in relation to climate change and the dating of deep ice cores. It also highlights how this knowledge is transferable into an understanding of other crystalline materials. Written by experts in the field, it is ideal for graduate students, engineers and scientists in Earth and planetary science, and materials science.

主題:

Ice crystals; Ice mechanics; Ice--Creep; Ice--Fracture

言語:

英語

目次情報:

Preface

Introduction / 1：

Structure of ice / 2：

Microstructure of natural ice features / 3：

Physical properties: elasticity, diffusivity and friction / 4：

Plastic deformation of the ice single crystal / 5：

Ductile behavior of polycrystalline ice: experimental data and physical processes / 6：

Modelling the ductile behavior of isotropic and anisotropic polycrystalline ice / 7：

Rheology of high-pressure and planetary ices / 8：

Fracture toughness of ice / 9：

Brittle failure of ice under tension / 10：

Brittle compressive failure of unconfined ice / 11：

Brittle compressive failure of confined ice / 12：

Ductile-to-brittle transition under compression / 13：

Indentation fracture and ice forces on structures / 14：

Fracture of the ice cover on the Arctic Ocean / 15：

References

Index

Acknowledgements

Crystal structure of ice Ih / 2.1：

Point defects / 2.3：

Line defects: dislocations / 2.4：

Planar defects / 2.5：

Volumetric defects / 2.6：

Miller-Bravais indices for hexagonal crystals / Appendix A：

Experimental techniques / 3.1：

The microstructure of ice within glaciers and polar ice sheets / 3.3：

Floating ice sheets / 3.4：

Terminology and classification / 3.5：

Summary / 3.6：

Physical properties: elasticity, friction and diffusivity

Elastic properties of ice Ih single crystals / 4.1：

Elastic properties of polycrystals / 4.3：

Friction coefficient of ice on ice at low sliding speeds / 4.4：

Molecular diffusion in ice / 4.5：

Plastic deformation of the ice crystal / 5.1：

Dynamics of dislocations / 5.3：

Rate-controlling processes for basal slip / 5.4：

Conclusions / 5.5：

Deformation behavior of isotropic granular ice / 6.1：

Deformation of columnar ice / 6.3：

Rate-controlling processes in the creep of polycrystalline ice / 6.4：

Grain growth and recrystallization / 6.5：

Textures in glaciers and polar ice sheets / 6.6：

Modeling the ductile behavior of isotropic and anisotropic polycrystalline ice

Modeling the behavior of isotropic and anisotropic ice / 7.1：

Flow laws for secondary creep of isotropic ice / 7.3：

Modeling transient creep / 7.4：

Modeling viscoplastic behavior of columnar ice with the FFT model / 7.5：

Modeling texture development with the VPSC tangent model / 7.6：

Modeling mechanical behavior of anisotropic ice / 7.7：

Modeling with self-consistent models / 7.8：

Experimental methods / 8.1：

Viscoplasticity of ice II and III / 8.3：

Viscoplasticity of ice V and VI / 8.4：

Comparison of ices / 8.5：

Flow of methane clathrate hydrates / 8.6：

Flow of ice in the ammonia-water system / 8.7：

Principles of fracture mechanics / 8.8：

Measurement of fracture toughness / 9.3：

Measured values of KIc / 9.4：

The role of surface energy / 9.5：

Fracture toughness of snow / 9.6：

Comparison with other materials / 9.7：

Methods of measurement / 10.1：

Single crystals / 10.3：

Polycrystals / 10.4：

Ductile-to-brittle transition / 10.5：

Strength-limiting mechanisms / 10.6：

Measurement of brittle compressive strength / 11.1：

Ductile versus brittle behavior: an overview / 11.3：

Failure process / 11.4：

Wing-crack mechanics / 11.7：

Strength-limiting mechanism / 11.8：

Granular ice / 12.1：

Columnar ice / 12.4：

Failure surfaces / 12.5：

Relationship between compressive fracture and friction / 12.6：

Nature of plastic faults / 12.7：

Nature of Coulombic shear faults / 12.8：

Nature of spalling / 12.9：

Post-terminal failure of faulted ice / 12.10：

Competition between creep and fracture / 13.1：

Micromechanical model / 13.3：

Comparison with experiment / 13.4：

Dirty ice / 13.5：

Application to rocks and minerals / 13.6：

Brittle failure modes / 14.1：

Non-simultaneous failure and local vs. global loads / 14.4：

Pressure-area relationship / 14.5：

Impact failure / 14.6：

Formation of sliding lineaments/shear faults / 15.1：

Rheological behavior of the winter ice cover: friction and fracture / 15.3：

Is the physics of fracture independent of scale? / 15.4：

Preface

Introduction / 1：

Structure of ice / 2：

Microstructure of natural ice features / 3：

Physical properties: elasticity, diffusivity and friction / 4：

Plastic deformation of the ice single crystal / 5：

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