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図書

図書
Karl Pfleger, Hans H. Maurer, Armin Weber
出版情報: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, c2007  2 v. ; 29 cm
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(Methods, Tables) / Volume 1:
Methods
Introduction / 1:
Experimental Section / 2:
Origin and choice of samples / 2.1:
Sample preparation / 2.2:
Standard extraction procedures / 2.2.1:
Standard liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) for plasma, urine or gastric contents (P, U, G) / 2.2.1.1:
STA procedure (hydrolysis, extraction and microwave-assisted acetylation) for urine (U+UHYAC) / 2.2.1.2:
Extraction of urine after cleavage of conjugates by glucuronidase and arylsulfatase (UGLUC) / 2.2.1.3:
Extractive methylation procedure for urine or plasma (UME, PME) / 2.2.1.4:
Solid-phase extraction for plasma or urine (PSPE, USPE) / 2.2.1.5:
LLE of plasma for determination of drugs for brain death diagnosis / 2.2.1.6:
Extraction of ethylene glycol and other glycols from plasma or urine followed by microwave-assisted pivalylation (PEGPIV or UEGPIV) / 2.2.1.7:
Derivatization procedures / 2.2.2:
Acetylation (AC) / 2.2.2.1:
Methylation (ME) / 2.2.2.2:
Ethylation (ET) / 2.2.2.3:
tert.-Butyldimethylsilylation (TBDMS) / 2.2.2.4:
Trimethylsilylation (TMS) / 2.2.2.5:
Trimethylsilylation followed by trifluoroacetylation (TMSTFA) / 2.2.2.6:
Trifluoroacetylation (TFA) / 2.2.2.7:
Pentafluoropropionylation (PFP) / 2.2.2.8:
Pentafluoropropylation (PFPOL) / 2.2.2.9:
Heptafluorobutyrylation (HFB) / 2.2.2.10:
Pivalylation (PIV) / 2.2.2.11:
Heptafluorobutyrylprolylation (HFBP) / 2.2.2.12:
GC-MS Apparatus / 2.3:
Apparatus and operation conditions / 2.3.1:
Quality assurance of the apparatus performance / 2.3.2:
Determination of retention indices / 2.4:
Systematic toxicological analysis (STA) of several classes of drugs and their metabolites by GC-MS / 2.5:
Screening for 200 drugs in blood plasma after LLE / 2.5.1:
Screening for most of the basic and neutral drugs in urine after acid hydrolysis, LLE and acetylation / 2.5.2:
Systematic toxicological analysis procedures for the detection of acidic drugs and/or their metabolites / 2.5.3:
General screening procedure for zwitterionic compounds after SPE and silylation / 2.5.4:
Application of the electronic version of this handbook / 2.6:
Quantitative determination / 2.7:
Correlation between Structure and Fragmentation / 3:
Principle of electron-ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS) / 3.1:
Correlation between fundamental structures or side chains and fragment ions / 3.2:
Formation of Artifacts / 4:
Artifacts formed by oxidation during extraction with diethyl ether / 4.1:
N-Oxidation of tertiary amines / 4.1.1:
S-Oxidation of phenothiazines / 4.1.2:
Artifacts formed by thermolysis during GC (GC artifact) / 4.2:
Decarboxylation of carboxylic acids / 4.2.1:
Cope elimination of N-oxides (-(CH3)2NOH, -(C2H5)2NOH, -C6H14N2O2) / 4.2.2:
Rearrangement of bis-deethyl flurazepam (-H2O) / 4.2.3:
Elimination of various residues / 4.2.4:
Methylation of carboxylic acids in methanol ((ME), ME in methanol) / 4.2.5:
Formation of formaldehyde adducts using methanol as solvent (GC artifact in methanol) / 4.2.6:
Artifacts formed by thermolysis during GC and during acid hydrolysis (GC artifact, HY artifact) / 4.3:
Dehydration of alcohols (-H2O) / 4.3.1:
Decarbamoylation of carbamates / 4.3.2:
Cleavage of morazone to phenmetrazine / 4.3.3:
Artifacts formed during acid hydrolysis / 4.4:
Cleavage of the ether bridge in beta-blockers and alkanolamine antihistamines (HY) / 4.4.1:
Cleavage of 1,4-benzodiazepines to aminobenzoyl derivatives (HY) / 4.4.2:
Cleavage and rearrangement of N-demethyl metabolites of clobazam to benzimidazole derivatives (HY) / 4.4.3:
Cleavage and rearrangement of bis-deethyl flurazepam (HY -H2O) / 4.4.4:
Cleavage and rearrangement of tetrazepam / 4.4.5:
(Methods, Tables) / Volume 1:
Methods
Introduction / 1:
2.

図書

図書
authors, G. Guelachvili, K.Narahari Rao ; editor, G. Guelachvili
出版情報: Berlin ; Tokyo : Springer, c2000  LXXVII, 229 p. ; 28 cm
シリーズ名: Landolt-Börnstein Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwissenschaften und Technik, Neue Serie / Gesamtherausgabe, K.-H. Hellwege ; New Series, Group 2 . Molecules and radicals ; v. 20 . Molecular constans : mostly from infrared spectroscopy ; subv. B5
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CS2 (SCS).
CS2+ (SCS+).
CS2++ (SCS++).
CSe2 (SeCSe).
C2N (CCN).
C2N (CNC).
C2N+ (CCN+).
C2N+ (CNC+).
CS2 (SCS).
CS2+ (SCS+).
CS2++ (SCS++).
3.

図書

図書
Corneliu Constantinescu
出版情報: Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2001  xxi, 597 p. ; 23 cm
シリーズ名: North-Holland mathematical library ; v. 59 . C*-algebras / Corneliu Constantinescu ; v. 2
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Introduction
Banach Algebras / 2:
Algebras / 2.1:
General Results / 2.1.1:
Invertible Elements / 2.1.2:
The Spectrum / 2.1.3:
Standard Examples / 2.1.4:
Complexification of Algebras / 2.1.5:
Exercises
Normed Algebras / 2.2:
The Standard Examples / 2.2.1:
The Exponential Function and the Neumann Series / 2.2.3:
Invertible Elements of Unital Banach Algebras / 2.2.4:
The Theorems of Riesz and Gelfand / 2.2.5:
Poles of Resolvents / 2.2.6:
Modules / 2.2.7:
Involutive Banach Algebras / 2.3:
Involutive Algebras / 2.3.1:
Sesquilinear Forms / 2.3.2:
Positive Linear Forms / 2.3.4:
The State Space / 2.3.5:
Involutive Modules / 2.3.6:
Gelfand Algebras / 2.4:
The Gelfand Transform / 2.4.1:
Involutive Gelfand Algebras / 2.4.2:
Examples / 2.4.3:
Locally Compact Additive Groups / 2.4.4:
The Fourier Transform / 2.4.5:
Compact Operators / 3:
The General Theory / 3.1:
Fredholm Operators / 3.1.1:
Point Spectrum / 3.1.4:
Spectrum of a Compact Operator / 3.1.5:
Integral Operators / 3.1.6:
Linear Differential Equations / 3.2:
Boundary Value Problems for Differential Equations / 3.2.1:
Supplementary Results / 3.2.2:
Linear Partial Differential Equations / 3.2.3:
Name
Index Subject
Index Symbol
Index
Introduction
Banach Algebras / 2:
Algebras / 2.1:
4.

図書

図書
H. Haug ... [et al.] ; edited by C. Klingshirn
出版情報: Berlin : Springer-Verlag, c2001-2007  3 v. ; 28 cm.
シリーズ名: Landolt-Börnstein Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwissenschaften und Technik, Neue Serie / Gesamtherausgabe, K.-H. Hellwege ; Group 3 . Condensed matter ; v. 34 . Semiconductor quantum structures ; subv. C
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Landolt-Börnstein
Group III: Condensed Matter
Semiconductor Quantum Structures / Volume 34:
Optical Properties (Part 2) / Subvolume C2:
Introductory material
Low-dimensional structures of II-VI compounds / 5:
General properties / H. Kalt5.1:
Introduction / 5.1.1:
Some basic properties of bulk II-VI compounds / 5.1.2:
Band-gap energies / 5.1.2.1:
Excitonic properties / 5.1.2.2:
Alignment of electronic bands / 5.1.3:
References for 5.1 / 5.1.4:
Quantum-well structures of II-VI compounds / 5.2:
(Hg,X)Te quantum wells / 5.2.1:
Low-density regime / 5.2.1.1:
Electronic states in quantum wells / 5.2.1.1.1:
Electron-hole and excitonic transitions / 5.2.1.1.2:
Modification of the optical properties by internal fields / 5.2.1.2:
Modification of the optical properties by external fields / 5.2.1.3:
High-density regime and nonlinear optics / 5.2.1.4:
References for 5.2.1 / 5.2.1.5:
CdTe quantum wells / 5.2.2:
Excitonic transitions / 5.2.2.1:
Localized excitons / 5.2.2.1.3:
Polariton effects / 5.2.2.1.4:
Strained quantum wells / 5.2.2.2:
Piezoelectric quantum wells / 5.2.2.2.2:
Hydrostatic pressure / 5.2.2.3:
External electric fields / 5.2.2.3.2:
External magnetic fields / 5.2.2.3.3:
The intermediate-density regime / 5.2.2.4:
Exciton-exciton interaction / 5.2.2.4.1:
Excitonic lasing and optical gain / 5.2.2.4.2:
Biexcitons / 5.2.2.4.3:
The high-density regime / 5.2.2.5:
One-component plasma (2DEG) / 5.2.2.5.1:
Electron-hole plasma / 5.2.2.5.2:
Coherent dynamics and relaxation of optical excitations / 5.2.2.6:
Coherent interactions / 5.2.2.6.1:
Dephasing mechanisms and homogeneous linewidth / 5.2.2.6.2:
Relaxation processes / 5.2.2.6.3:
Transport phenomena of excitons and trions / 5.2.2.6.4:
Radiative and nonradiative recombination / 5.2.2.6.5:
References for 5.2.2 / 5.2.2.7:
(Cd,Zn)Te, (Cd,Mn)Te, and (Cd,Mg)Te quantum wells / 5.2.3:
The intermediate and high-density regimes / 5.2.3.1:
References for 5.2.3 / 5.2.3.4:
ZnTe quantum wells / 5.2.4:
Excitons and polaritons / 5.2.4.1:
Optical nonlinearities and high-density effects / 5.2.4.3:
References for 5.2.4 / 5.2.4.4:
Telluride diluted-magnetic semiconductor quantum-well structures: (Hg,Mn)Te, (Cd,Mn)Te, and (Zn,Mn)Te QWs; Se/Te type-II QWs / 5.2.5:
Zeeman splitting and its applications / 5.2.5.1:
Giant Zeeman splitting / 5.2.5.1.1:
Magnetic-field induced type-I to type-II transition / 5.2.5.1.2:
Interface effects in non-DMS/DMS QW structures / 5.2.5.1.3:
Magnetic-field induced circular birefringence / 5.2.5.1.4:
Coulomb-bound electron-hole pairs and complexes (low-density regime) / 5.2.5.2:
Magnetic polarons / 5.2.5.2.1:
Donor-acceptor pair recombination / 5.2.5.2.3:
The intermediate and high-density regime / 5.2.5.3:
Spin-aligned excitons / 5.2.5.3.1:
Spin-aligned magnetoplasma / 5.2.5.3.2:
Two-dimensional electron or hole gas / 5.2.5.3.3:
Coherent spin dynamics and spin injection / 5.2.5.4:
Spin relaxation / 5.2.5.4.2:
Exciton dephasing and homogeneous broadening / 5.2.5.4.3:
Formation dynamics of magnetic polarons / 5.2.5.4.4:
Recombination processes / 5.2.5.4.5:
References for 5.2.5 / 5.2.5.5:
Telluride/Selenide quantum wells / 5.2.6:
High-density regime and dynamics / 5.2.6.1:
References for 5.2.6 / 5.2.6.3:
HgSe and (Hg,Cd)Se quantum wells / 5.2.7:
References for 5.2.7
CdSe quantum wells / 5.2.8:
High-density regime / 5.2.8.1:
Relaxation dynamics / 5.2.8.3:
References for 5.2.8 / 5.2.8.4:
(Cd,Zn)Se quantum wells / 5.2.9:
Modifications of the optical properties by internal fields / 5.2.9.1:
Piezoelectric fields / 5.2.9.2.1:
Modifications of the optical properties by external fields / 5.2.9.3:
Excitonic interactions and Pauli blocking / 5.2.9.3.1:
Two-photon absorption and second harmonic generation / 5.2.9.4.2:
Localized biexcitons / 5.2.9.4.3:
Excitonic and biexcitonic stimulated emission and optical gain / 5.2.9.4.4:
Fermi-edge singularity / 5.2.9.5:
Correlated electron-hole plasma / 5.2.9.5.2:
Coherent interactions and dephasing / 5.2.9.6:
Transport phenomena / 5.2.9.6.2:
Dynamics of gain and stimulated emission / 5.2.9.6.4:
Radiative and non-radiative recombination / 5.2.9.6.5:
References for 5.2.9 / 5.2.9.7:
ZnSe quantum wells / 5.2.10:
Strain and piezoelectric fields / 5.2.10.1:
Transient internal space charge fields / 5.2.10.2.2:
Electric fields / 5.2.10.3:
Magnetic fields / 5.2.10.3.3:
Excitonic gain and lasing / 5.2.10.4:
Nonlinear optical effects / 5.2.10.4.4:
Optical gain and lasing / 5.2.10.5:
Hot-exciton relaxation / 5.2.10.6:
Lateral transport / 5.2.10.6.4:
References for 5.2.10 / 5.2.10.6.6:
Selenide-based quantum wells containing Be, Mg, or S in the well / 5.2.11:
References for 5.2.11
Selenide diluted-magnetic semiconductor quantum-well structures: (Cd,Mn)Se, (Zn,Mn)Se, and (Zn,Fe)Se QWs / 5.2.12:
Two-dimensional electron gas / 5.2.12.1:
Spin dephasing and relaxation / 5.2.12.4:
Dynamics of magnetic polarons / 5.2.12.4.2:
References for 5.2.12 / 5.2.12.4.3:
Zincblende Sulphide/Selenide type-II quantum wells / 5.2.13:
References for 5.2.13
CdS/ZnS and (Cd,Zn)S/ZnS quantum wells / 5.2.14:
Intermediate and high-density regime / 5.2.14.1:
Exciton dynamics / 5.2.14.4:
References for 5.2.14 / 5.2.14.5:
ZnS/(Zn,Mg)S quantum wells / 5.2.15:
References for 5.2.15
ZnO and (Zn,Cd)O quantum wells / 5.2.16:
Dynamics of optical excitations / 5.2.16.1:
References for 5.2.16 / 5.2.16.5:
Superlattices and coupled quantum-well structures of II-VI compounds / 5.3:
(Hg,X)Te superlattices / 5.3.1:
Electronic states in superlattices / 5.3.1.1:
References for 5.3.1 / 5.3.1.1.2:
CdTe/(Cd,X)Te and (Cd,X)Te/ZnTe superlattices and coupled quantum wells / 5.3.2:
Transient effects and dynamics / 5.3.2.1:
References for 5.3.2 / 5.3.2.5:
Telluride diluted magnetic semiconductor superlattices and coupled quantum wells / 5.3.3:
Electronic states in DMS SLs / 5.3.3.1:
Spin states in DMS SLs / 5.3.3.2:
Polaritons / 5.3.3.3:
Dynamic processes / 5.3.3.5:
References for 5.3.3 / 5.3.3.6:
Telluride/Selenide and Telluride/Sulphide superlattices / 5.3.4:
Electronic states in type-II SLs / 5.3.4.1:
Excitons and isoelectronic traps / 5.3.4.2:
High-excitation regime / 5.3.4.3:
References for 5.3.4 / 5.3.4.5:
CdSe, ZnSe, (Cd,Zn)Se, and (Zn,Mg)(S,Se) superlattices and coupled quantum wells / 5.3.5:
Electronic states in strained-layer superlattices / 5.3.5.1:
Optical functions in superlattices and multiple quantum wells / 5.3.5.1.2:
Magnetic field / 5.3.5.1.3:
References for 5.3.5 / 5.3.5.4:
Selenide DMS superlattices and coupled quantum wells / 5.3.6:
Electronic states in diluted magnetic semiconductor superlattices (DMS SLs) / 5.3.6.1:
Spin-relaxation and spin injection / 5.3.6.1.2:
References for 5.3.6 / 5.3.6.3:
CdSe/CdS and CdS/ZnSe intrinsic Stark superlattices / 5.3.7:
References for 5.3.7 / 5.3.7.1:
Zincblende Sulphide/Selenide superlattices / 5.3.8:
References for 5.3.8
CdS/ZnS, CdS/(Cd,ZnS), and (Cd,Zn)S/ZnS superlattices / 5.3.9:
References for 5.3.9
Quantum-wire structures / 5.4:
Telluride quantum wires / 5.4.1:
Selenide quantum wires / 5.4.1.1:
Electron-phonon coupling / 5.4.2.1:
Optical gain / 5.4.2.1.3:
Exciton recombination / 5.4.2.3:
Sulfide quantum wires / 5.4.3:
Oxide quantum wires / 5.4.4:
Semimagnetic quantum wires / 5.4.5:
Mn-related transitions / 5.4.5.1:
Magneto-optics / 5.4.5.2:
References for 5.4 / 5.4.6:
II-VI Quantum dots I - Nanocrystals / U. Woggon ; S.V. Gaponenko5.5:
HgTe / 5.5.1:
CdTe / 5.5.2:
The low-density regime / 5.5.2.1:
Size-dependent energy states / 5.5.2.1.1:
Splitting of states / 5.5.2.1.2:
Interaction with phonons / 5.5.2.1.3:
Impurity states / 5.5.2.1.4:
Coherent dynamics, relaxation and recombination of optical excitations / 5.5.2.2:
Dot-dot interactions, quantum dot arrays / 5.5.2.5:
(Cd,Hg)Te / 5.5.3:
Cd(Te,Se) and Cd(Te,S) / 5.5.4:
ZnTe / 5.5.5:
HgSe / 5.5.6:
CdSe / 5.5.7:
Biexciton states / 5.5.7.1:
Nonlinear optical coefficients / 5.5.7.2.2:
Stimulated emission and optical gain / 5.5.7.2.3:
Dephasing times and homogeneous linewidth / 5.5.7.3:
Cd(Se,S) / 5.5.7.4.2:
(Cd,Mn)Se / 5.5.8.1:
(Cd,Zn)Se / 5.5.10:
ZnSe / 5.5.11:
HgS / 5.5.11.1:
CdS / 5.5.13:
Nonlinear-optical coefficients / 5.5.13.1:
(Zn,Cd)S / 5.5.13.2.3:
(Zn,Mn)S / 5.5.15:
ZnS / 5.5.16:
CdO / 5.5.16.1:
ZnO / 5.5.18:
References for 5.5 / 5.5.18.1:
II-VI Quantum dots II - Self-organized, epitaxially grown nanostructures / 5.6:
Excitonic states and their fine structure / 5.6.1:
Charged excitons / 5.6.2.1.2:
(Cd,Mn)Te, (Cd,Mg)Te / 5.6.2.1.3:
CdSe and ZnCdSe / 5.6.4:
References for 5.6 / 5.6.6.1:
Landolt-Börnstein
Group III: Condensed Matter
Semiconductor Quantum Structures / Volume 34:
5.

図書

図書
Thomas Barkowsky
出版情報: Berlin ; Tokyo : Springer, c2002  x, 174 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名: Lecture notes in computer science ; 2541 . Lecture notes in artificial intelligence
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Introduction / 1:
Mental Processing of Geographic Knowledge / 1.1:
Cognitive Maps / 1.1.1:
Mental Construction of Spatial Knowledge: An Example / 1.1.2:
Theses and Assumptions / 1.2:
Knowledge Construction and Human Memory / 1.2.1:
Characteristics of Geographic Knowledge / 1.2.2:
Spatial Knowledge Organization in Long-Term Memory / 1.2.3:
Visual Mental Images and Diagrammatic Reasoning / 1.2.4:
Research Questions and Goals / 1.3:
Research Questions / 1.3.1:
Goals / 1.3.2:
Approach: Experimental Computational Modeling / 1.4:
Computational Cognition / 1.4.1:
Building Computational Models / 1.4.2:
Modeling as Experimental Approach / 1.4.3:
Organization of this Thesis / 1.5:
State of the Art / 2:
Spatial Knowledge Conceptions: Cognitive Maps and Other Metaphors / 2.1:
Rubber Sheet Maps, Cognitive Atlases, Collages, and Geographic Information Systems / 2.1.1:
Spatial Mental Models / 2.1.3:
Other Conceptions / 2.1.4:
Human Memory / 2.2:
Working Memory / 2.2.1:
Long-Term Memory / 2.2.2:
Interacting Memory Systems in Mental Imagery / 2.2.3:
Mental Imagery / 2.3:
The Imagery Debate / 2.3.1:
Psychological and Neuroscientific Foundations / 2.3.2:
The Kosslyn Models / 2.3.3:
The 1980 Model / 2.3.3.1:
The 1994 Model / 2.3.3.2:
Spatial Reasoning / 2.4:
Topology / 2.4.1:
Orientation / 2.4.2:
Distance / 2.4.3:
Shape / 2.4.4:
Computational Geometry / 2.4.5:
Diagrammatic Reasoning / 2.5:
Propositional vs. Analogical Knowledge Representation / 2.5.1:
Types of Diagrammatic Reasoning Systems / 2.5.2:
Examples for Diagrammatic Reasoning Architectures / 2.5.3:
DEPIC-2D / 2.5.3.1:
WHISPER / 2.5.3.2:
Computational Imagery / 2.5.3.3:
Summary / 2.6:
MIRAGE - Developing the Model / 3:
Characteristics of the Model / 3.1:
Evaluating the Working Memory Representation / 3.1.1:
MIRAGE - Outline of the Model / 3.2:
Types of Entities and Spatial Relations in MIRAGE / 3.3:
Entities / 3.3.1:
Relations / 3.3.2:
Subsystems, Structures, and Processes / 3.4:
Long-Term Memory Activation / 3.4.1:
Spatial Knowledge Fragments / 3.4.1.1:
The Hierarchical Long-Term Memory Representation / 3.4.1.2:
The Access Process / 3.4.1.3:
The Activated Long-Term Memory Representation / 3.4.1.4:
The Construction Process / 3.4.1.5:
Visual Mental Image Construction / 3.4.2:
The Enriched Representation / 3.4.2.1:
The Conversion Process / 3.4.2.2:
The Visual Buffer / 3.4.2.3:
The Visualization Process / 3.4.2.4:
Image Inspection / 3.4.3:
The Inspection Result / 3.4.3.1:
The Inspection Process / 3.4.3.2:
Visual Mental Image Construction in Detail / 4:
A More Demanding Scenario / 4.1:
Diagrammatic Representations of Lean Knowledge / 4.2:
Consequences for Image Construction / 4.3:
Relaxation of Spatial Constraints / 4.3.1:
Completion of Qualitative Spatial Relations / 4.3.2:
Interpretation of Qualitative Spatial Relations / 4.3.3:
Image Revision Strategies in MIRAGE / 4.4:
Unstable Images / 4.4.1:
Omission of Facts / 4.4.2:
Revision of Relational Completion / 4.4.3:
Variation of Relational Completion / 4.4.3.1:
Relaxation of Relational Completion / 4.4.3.2:
Revision of Image Specification / 4.4.4:
Depicting Qualitative Spatial Relations / 4.4.4.1:
Depicting Unspecified Spatial Relations / 4.4.4.2:
MIRAGE Implementation / 4.5:
Computational Tools for Modeling: SIMSIS / 5.1:
The Idea of SIMSIS / 5.1.1:
The Aspect Map Model / 5.1.1.1:
Modeling Aspect Maps in SIMSIS / 5.1.1.2:
Depictions, Scenarios, and Interpretations / 5.1.2:
SIMSIS Pictures / 5.1.2.1:
SIMSIS Facts and Scenarios / 5.1.2.2:
SIMSIS Interpretations and Meaning Systems / 5.1.2.3:
Realization of the Model / 5.2:
MIRAGE Structures / 5.2.1:
Entities, Relations, and Spatial Knowledge Fragments / 5.2.1.1:
The Long-Term Memory Representations / 5.2.1.2:
MIRAGE Processes / 5.2.1.3:
The Long-Term Memory Activation Processes / 5.2.2.1:
The Image Construction Processes / 5.2.2.2:
Operation and Behavior of MIRAGE / 5.2.2.3:
Conclusion and Outlook / 6:
Results and Discussion / 6.1:
Reflecting the Theses / 6.2.1:
Spatial Knowledge Construction / 6.2.1.1:
Underdeterminacy in Long-Term Memory / 6.2.1.2:
Fragmentation and Hierarchical Organization / 6.2.1.3:
Visual Mental Imagery / 6.2.1.4:
The Parameters of the Model / 6.2.2:
Explicit Parameters / 6.2.2.1:
Implicit Parameters / 6.2.2.2:
Conclusions / 6.2.3:
Future Work / 6.3:
Extending MIRAGE / 6.3.1:
Geographic Entities and Spatial Relations / 6.3.1.1:
Partially Aggregated Knowledge Structures / 6.3.1.2:
Mental Imagery Functionality / 6.3.1.3:
Parameters of MIRAGE / 6.3.1.4:
Empirical Investigations / 6.3.2:
Use of Default Knowledge / 6.3.2.1:
Control of Image Construction / 6.3.2.2:
Processing Capacity for Mental Images / 6.3.2.3:
Use of Chunking Facilities / 6.3.2.4:
Combination of Propositional and Image-Based Reasoning / 6.3.2.5:
Application Perspectives / 6.3.3:
Adequate Presentation of Visual Information / 6.3.3.1:
External Support of Reasoning in Mental Images / 6.3.3.2:
Bibliography
Index
Introduction / 1:
Mental Processing of Geographic Knowledge / 1.1:
Cognitive Maps / 1.1.1:
6.

図書

図書
Robert Alicki and Mark Fannes
出版情報: Oxford : Oxford University Press, c2001  xiv, 278 p. ; 24 cm
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Introduction / 1:
Basic tools for quantum mechanics / 2:
Hilbert spaces and operators / 2.1:
Vector spaces / 2.1.1:
Banach and Hilbert spaces / 2.1.2:
Geometrical properties of Hilbert spaces / 2.1.3:
Orthonormal bases / 2.1.4:
Subspaces and projectors / 2.1.5:
Linear maps between Banach spaces / 2.1.6:
Linear functionals and Dirac notation / 2.1.7:
Adjoints of bounded operators / 2.1.8:
Hermitian, unitary and normal operators / 2.1.9:
Partial isometries and polar decomposition / 2.1.10:
Spectra of operators / 2.1.11:
Unbounded operators / 2.1.12:
Measures / 2.2:
Measures and integration / 2.2.1:
Distributions / 2.2.2:
Hilbert spaces of functions / 2.2.3:
Spectral measures / 2.2.4:
Probability in quantum mechanics / 2.3:
Pure states / 2.3.1:
Mixed states, density matrices / 2.3.2:
Observables in quantum mechanics / 2.4:
Compact operators / 2.4.1:
Weyl quantization / 2.4.2:
Composed systems / 2.5:
Direct sums / 2.5.1:
Tensor products / 2.5.2:
Observables and states of composite systems / 2.5.3:
Notes / 2.6:
Deterministic dynamics / 3:
Deterministic quantum dynamics / 3.1:
Time-independent Hamiltonians / 3.1.1:
Perturbations of Hamiltonians / 3.1.2:
Time-dependent Hamiltonians / 3.1.3:
Periodic perturbations and Floquet operators / 3.1.4:
Kicked dynamics / 3.1.5:
Classical limits / 3.2:
Classical differentiable dynamics / 3.3:
Self-adjoint Laplacians on compact manifolds / 3.4:
Spin chains / 3.5:
Local observables / 4.1:
States of a spin system / 4.2:
Symmetries and dynamics / 4.3:
Algebraic tools / 5:
C*-algebras / 5.1:
Examples / 5.2:
States and representations / 5.3:
Dynamical systems and von Neumann algebras / 5.4:
Fermionic dynamical systems / 5.5:
Fermions in Fock space / 6.1:
Fock space / 6.1.1:
Creation and annihilation / 6.1.2:
Second quantization / 6.1.3:
The CAR-algebra / 6.2:
Canonical anticommutation relations / 6.2.1:
Quasi-free automorphisms / 6.2.2:
Quasi-free states / 6.2.3:
Ergodic theory / 6.3:
Ergodicity in classical systems / 7.1:
Ergodicity in quantum systems / 7.2:
Asymptotic Abelianness / 7.2.1:
Multitime correlations / 7.2.2:
Fluctuations around ergodic means / 7.2.3:
Lyapunov exponents / 7.3:
Classical dynamics / 7.3.1:
Quantum dynamics / 7.3.2:
Quantum irreversibility / 7.4:
Measurement theory / 8.1:
Open quantum systems / 8.2:
Complete positivity / 8.3:
Quantum dynamical semigroups / 8.4:
Quasi-free completely positive maps / 8.5:
Entropy / 8.6:
von Neumann entropy / 9.1:
Technical preliminaries / 9.1.1:
Properties of von Neumann's entropy / 9.1.2:
Mean entropy / 9.1.3:
Entropy of quasi-free states / 9.1.4:
Relative entropy / 9.2:
Finite-dimensional case / 9.2.1:
Maximum entropy principle / 9.2.2:
Algebraic setting / 9.2.3:
Dynamical entropy / 9.3:
Operational partitions / 10.1:
Symbolic dynamics / 10.2:
The entropy / 10.2.2:
Some technical results / 10.3:
The quantum shift / 10.4:
The free shift / 10.4.2:
Infinite entropy / 10.4.3:
Powers-Price shifts / 10.4.4:
Classical dynamical entropy / 10.5:
The Kolmogorov-Sinai invariant / 11.1:
H-density / 11.2:
Finite quantum systems / 12:
Quantum chaos / 12.1:
Time scales / 12.1.1:
Spectral statistics / 12.1.2:
Semi-classical limits / 12.1.3:
The kicked top / 12.2:
The model / 12.2.1:
The classical limit / 12.2.2:
Kicked mean-field Heisenberg model / 12.2.3:
Chaotic properties / 12.2.4:
Gram matrices / 12.3:
Entropy production / 12.4:
Model systems / 12.5:
Entropy of the quantum cat map / 13.1:
Ruelle's inequality / 13.2:
Non-commutative Riemannian structures / 13.2.1:
Non-commutative Lyapunov exponents / 13.2.2:
Quasi-free Fermion dynamics / 13.2.3:
Description of the model / 13.3.1:
Main result / 13.3.2:
Sketch of the proof / 13.3.3:
Epilogue / 13.4:
References
Index
Introduction / 1:
Basic tools for quantum mechanics / 2:
Hilbert spaces and operators / 2.1:
7.

図書

図書
editors, Hisham Z. Massoud ... [et al.]
出版情報: Pennington, N.J. : Electrochemical Society, c2000  xiv, 539 p. ; 27 cm
シリーズ名: Proceedings / [Electrochemical Society] ; v. 2000-2
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8.

図書

図書
Gabriel A. Pall ; forewords by A. Blantin [i.e. Blanton] Godfrey, Stephan H. Haeckelsa
出版情報: Boca Raton : St. Lucie Press, c2000  xxix, 325 p. ; 25 cm
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The Case for Process Centering / Part I:
Doing Business in the Face of Change / Chapter 1.:
The Changing Business Environment / 1.1:
The Fundamental Success Factors / 1.1.1:
The New Challenge: Accelerated and Unpredictable Change / 1.1.2:
The Results of Change: What Is Really Happening? / 1.1.3:
The History of Change / 1.1.4:
Where Are We Today? / 1.2:
Problems with Today's Corporation / 1.2.1:
Today's Challenge / 1.2.2:
Summary / 1.3:
Traditional Ways of Coping with Change / Chapter 2.:
The Nature and Sources of Change / 2.1:
The Ping-Pong Response of Organizations to Change / 2.1.1:
Today's Customer-Driven Environment / 2.1.2:
Competition in the 21st Century / 2.1.3:
Traditional Responses to Change / 2.2:
Total Quality Management / 2.2.1:
Business Process Reengineering / 2.2.2:
Limitations of Traditional Reengineering / 2.2.3:
Limitations of the Traditional Approaches to Process Change / 2.3:
The Imperfection of Customer Needs / 2.3.1:
The Process Paradox / 2.3.2:
What Now? A Change in Managerial Attitudes / 2.4:
The Economic Value in Process Centering / 2.5:
Managing Work for Value Enhancement / 3.1:
The Value Contribution of Work / 3.1.1:
The Questionable Value Contribution of Downsizing / 3.1.2:
Investment in Business Processes for Economic Value Added / 3.2:
Impact on the Customer / 3.2.1:
Relevance to Overall Strategic Direction / 3.2.2:
The Viability of the Process / 3.2.3:
The Worth of the Process / 3.2.4:
Process Cost / 3.3:
The Cost of Conformance / 3.3.1:
The Cost of Nonconformance / 3.3.2:
The Cost of Quality as Management Tool / 3.3.3:
Productivity and Value / 3.3.4:
The Intellectual Value in Process Centering / 3.4:
The Emergence of Intellectual Assets / 4.1:
Intellectual Value Added / 4.2:
Customer Capital / 4.2.1:
Intellectual Capital / 4.2.2:
Net Added Value of Information Processed / 4.2.3:
The Role of Knowledge Management in Process Design / 4.3:
Process Centering Fundamentals / 4.4:
Understanding Processes / Chapter 5.:
Process Fundamentals / 5.1:
Classic Definitions / 5.1.1:
Process Control / 5.1.2:
Process Capability / 5.1.3:
Core Concepts of Process Thinking / 5.2:
Subject Process / 5.2.1:
Example for Subject Processes / 5.2.2:
Process Feedback / 5.2.3:
Process Quality / 5.2.4:
The Concept of Social Processes: The Human Element / 5.3:
Open Systems / 5.3.1:
Business Processes / 5.3.2:
Process Centering: The Basic Approach / 5.4:
Process Centering as the Prerequisite for Change / 6.1:
Definition of Process Centering / 6.1.1:
Commitment Management / 6.1.2:
Process Reengineering / 6.1.3:
Organizational Adaptability / 6.1.4:
Process Performance and Adaptability / 6.2:
Definitions / 6.2.1:
Adaptive Loops in Processes / 6.2.2:
The Superiority of Process Centering / 6.2.3:
Commitment Coordination and Process Alignment / 6.2.4:
What Needs To Be Done / 6.2.5:
Process Centering: The Response to Change / 6.3:
Response to Change / 7.1:
Upsizing and Growth / 7.1.1:
The Nature of Change / 7.1.2:
Response Characteristics / 7.2:
Information Intensity and Process Adaptability / 7.2.1:
Process Robustness / 7.2.2:
The Economics of Increasing Returns / 7.2.3:
Response Strategies for Growth / 7.3:
Processes as Product Offerings / 7.3.1:
Market Preempting / 7.3.2:
Process Investment Strategies for Growth / 7.3.3:
Process Centering: Role of the Individual / 7.4:
Process People / 8.1:
Empowerment, Commitment and Accountability / 8.1.1:
The Process Professional / 8.1.2:
The Process Team / 8.1.3:
Process Work / 8.2:
Multifunctional Work / 8.2.1:
Multidimensional Work / 8.2.2:
Valuable Work / 8.2.3:
Productive Work / 8.2.4:
Knowledge-Based Work / 8.2.5:
Rewarding Work / 8.2.6:
Work-Driven Shift in Personal Characteristics and Skills / 8.2.7:
Process-Related Roles and Responsibilities / 8.3:
Process Centering: The Management Team / 8.4:
Overseers and Implementers / 9.1:
Enterprise Transformation Executive / 9.1.1:
Enterprise Transformation Council / 9.1.2:
Business Process Management Executive / 9.1.3:
Business Process Owner / 9.1.4:
Business Process Management Team / 9.1.5:
Business Process Management Team Leader / 9.1.6:
Business Process Stakeholders / 9.1.7:
Process Management Resources / 9.2:
Process Contract / 9.2.1:
Process Training / 9.2.2:
Information Technology: The Response Integrator / 9.3:
Change and Information Intensity / 10.1:
Information Technology / 10.1.1:
Information Management for Adaptability / 10.2:
Two Key Process Components / 10.2.1:
Basic Functional Capabilities / 10.2.2:
Technology Assessment / 10.2.3:
Networked Collaborative Systems / 10.3:
Employee Training / 10.3.1:
Collaborative Work Practices / 10.3.2:
Wide-Area Networks / 10.3.3:
Groupware and Collaborative Computing / 10.3.4:
Fundamentals of Online Collaborative Systems / 10.3.5:
Collaborative System Architecture / 10.3.6:
Information Technology as Integrator / 10.4:
Deductive Thinking / 10.4.1:
Inductive Thinking / 10.4.2:
The Need Paradox / 10.4.3:
Process-Centered Management / 10.5:
Basics of Business Process Management / Chapter 11.:
Process Management Overview / 11.1:
The Process Management Roadmap / 11.1.1:
Classification of Business Processes / 11.1.2:
Process Planning / 11.2:
Process Identification and Mapping / 11.2.1:
Process Selection for Reengineering / 11.2.2:
Process Definition / 11.2.3:
Customer Requirements / 11.2.4:
Effective Process-Centered Management / 11.3:
The Operational View / 12.1:
The Two Dimensions of Process Management / 12.1.1:
Commitment Management and Communications / 12.1.2:
Process Resources / 12.1.3:
Process Measurements and Controls / 12.1.4:
Process Adaptability / 12.1.5:
Process Centering / 12.2:
Process Structure: The Holistic View / 12.3:
The Dynamic Business Process / 13.1:
The Holistic Process Model / 13.1.1:
The Workflow and Adaptive Loops / 13.1.3:
Alignment Engineering / 13.2:
Process Performance and Resources / 13.3:
Performance Measurement and Control / 14.1:
Process Measurement / 14.1.1:
Cycle-Time Reduction / 14.1.2:
Cycle-Time Basics / 14.2.1:
Business Cycle Time / 14.2.2:
Time To Respond / 14.2.3:
Time to Commitment / 14.2.4:
Performance Cycle Time / 14.2.5:
Human Resources and Adaptive Management Organization / 14.3:
Groupware / 14.4:
Enterprise Applications / 14.4.2:
Business Processes as Assets / 14.4.3:
Design for Adaptability / 14.5:
Traditional Design Approach to Adaptability / 15.1:
The Holistic Design Approach / 15.2:
Process Design Concepts / 15.2.1:
Design of New Process Structure / 15.2.2:
Redesign of Existing Process Structure / 15.2.3:
Design for Robust Commitments / 15.3:
Design for Process Adaptability / 16.1:
Backbone Network of Commitments / 16.1.1:
Workflow Reconfiguration / 16.1.2:
Design for Accountability / 16.2:
Culture of Accountability / 16.3:
Continuous Improvement and Planning / 16.4:
Process Improvement / 16.4.1:
Launching the Process / 16.4.2:
Process Implementation Planning / 17.1:
Integrated Implementation Planning / 17.1.1:
The Three Steps of Implementation Planning / 17.1.2:
Planning for Implementation Problems / 17.2:
Company-Wide Constraints / 17.2.1:
Process-Level Impediments / 17.2.2:
Cultural Resistance / 17.2.3:
Technology Constraints / 17.2.4:
Planning for Action / 17.3:
Process Deployment / 17.4:
The Process-Centered Organization in Operation / 17.5:
The Business Process Level / 18.1:
Process Ownership / 18.1.1:
Accountability Framework / 18.1.2:
Process Stakeholders / 18.1.3:
Continuous Process Assessment / 18.1.4:
The Enterprise Level / 18.2:
Operational Responsibilities / 18.2.1:
The Millennium Enterprise / 18.2.2:
Appendixes / 18.3:
The Tools of Process Centering / Appendix 1.:
Stand-Alone Software Tools / A1.1:
Process Modeling Tools / A1.1.1:
Process Documentation Tools / A1.1.2:
Process Simulation Tools / A1.1.3:
Process Mapping-Related Activity-Based Costing Tools / A1.1.4:
Project Management Tools / A1.1.5:
Groupware/Software Tools for Team Effectiveness / A1.1.6:
ERP-Based Software Tools / A1.2:
SAP / A1.2.1:
Oracle / A1.2.2:
Abbreviations and Acronyms / Appendix 2.:
Glossary
Endnotes
Bibliography
Index
The Case for Process Centering / Part I:
Doing Business in the Face of Change / Chapter 1.:
The Changing Business Environment / 1.1:
9.

図書

図書
Michael Beetz
出版情報: Berlin : Springer, 2000  xvi, 213 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名: Lecture notes in computer science ; 1772 . Lecture notes in artificial intelligence
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Abstract
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
Introduction / 1:
The Approach / 1.1:
Technical Challenges / 1.2:
Introductory Example / 1.3:
Motivation / 1.4:
Relevance for Autonomous Robot Control / 1.4.1:
Relevance for AI Planning / 1.4.2:
The Computational Problem and Its Solution / 1.5:
The Computational Problem / 1.5.1:
The Computational Model / 1.5.2:
Contributions / 1.6:
Outline of the Book / 1.7:
Reactivity / 2:
The DeliveryWorld / 2.1:
The World / 2.1.1:
Commands and Jobs / 2.1.2:
The Robot / 2.1.3:
Justification of the DeliveryWorld / 2.1.4:
The Implementation of Routine Activities / 2.2:
Plan Steps vs. Concurrent Control Processes / 2.2.1:
Interfacing Continuous Control Processes / 2.2.2:
Coordinating Control Processes / 2.2.3:
Synchronization of Concurrent Control Threads / 2.2.4:
Failure Recovery / 2.2.5:
Perception / 2.2.6:
State, Memory, and World Models / 2.2.7:
The Structure of Routine Activities / 2.2.8:
The Structured Reactive Controller / 2.3:
Behavior and Planning Modules / 2.3.1:
The Body of the Structured Reactive Controller / 2.3.2:
Global Fluents, Variables, and the Plan Library / 2.3.3:
The RPL Runtime System / 2.3.4:
Summary and Discussion / 2.4:
Planning / 3:
The Structured Reactive Plan / 3.1:
Plans as Syntactic Objects / 3.1.1:
RPL as a Plan Language / 3.1.2:
The Computational Structure / 3.2:
The "Criticize-Revise" Cycle / 3.2.1:
The "Criticize" Step / 3.2.2:
The "Revise" Step / 3.2.3:
The XFRM Planning Framework / 3.3:
Anticipation and Forestalling of Behavior Flaws / 3.4:
The Detection of Behavior Flaws / 3.4.1:
Behavior Flaws and Plan Revisions / 3.4.2:
The Diagnosis of Behavior Flaws / 3.4.3:
Transparent Reactive Plans / 3.5:
Declarative Statements / 4.1:
RPL Construct Descriptions / 4.1.1:
Achievement Goals / 4.1.2:
Perceptions / 4.1.3:
Beliefs / 4.1.4:
Other Declarative Statements / 4.1.5:
Using Declarative Statements / 4.1.6:
Routine Plans / 4.2:
The Plan Library / 4.3:
Behavior Modules / 4.3.1:
Low-level Plans / 4.3.2:
High-level Plans / 4.3.3:
Discussion / 4.4:
Representing Plan Revisions / 5:
Conceptualization / 5.1:
Making Inferences / 5.2:
Some Examples / 5.2.1:
Accessing Code Trees / 5.2.2:
Predicates on Plan Interpretations / 5.2.3:
Predicates on Timelines / 5.2.4:
Timelines and Plan Interpretation / 5.2.5:
Expressing Plan Revisions / 5.3:
XFRML - The Implementation / 5.4:
Forestalling Behavior Flaws / 5.5:
FAUST / 6.1:
The Behavior Critic / 6.1.1:
Detecting Behavior Flaws: Implementation / 6.1.2:
Diagnosing the Causes of Behavior Flaws: Implementation / 6.1.3:
The Bug Class "Behavior-Specification Violation" / 6.1.4:
The Elimination of Behavior Flaws / 6.1.5:
The Plan Revisions for the Example / 6.2:
Some Behavior Flaws and Their Revisions / 6.3:
Perceptual Confusion / 6.3.1:
Missed Deadlines / 6.3.2:
Planning Ongoing Activities / 6.4:
Extending RPL / 7.1:
The RUNTIME-PLAN Statement / 7.1.1:
Plan Swapping / 7.1.2:
Making Planning Assumptions / 7.1.3:
Deliberative Controllers / 7.2:
Improving Iterative Plans by Local Planning / 7.2.1:
Plan Execution a la Shakey / 7.2.2:
Execution Monitoring and Replanning / 7.2.3:
Recovering from Execution Failures / 7.2.4:
Some Robot Control Architectures / 7.2.5:
The Controller in the Experiment / 7.3:
Evaluation / 7.4:
Analysis of the Problem / 8.1:
Assessment of the Method / 8.2:
Description of the Method / 8.2.1:
Evaluation of the Method / 8.2.2:
Demonstration / 8.3:
Evaluating SRCs in Standard Situations / 8.3.1:
Comparing SRCs with the Appropriate Fixed Controller179 / 8.3.2:
Problems that Require SRCs / 8.3.3:
Related Work / 8.4:
Control Architectures for Competent Physical Agents / 8.4.1:
Control Languages for Reactive Control / 8.4.2:
Robot Planning / 8.4.3:
Conclusion / 9:
What Do Structured Reactive Controllers Do? / 9.1:
Why Do Structured Reactive Controllers Work? / 9.2:
Do Structured Reactive Controllers Work for Real Robots? / 9.3:
References
Abstract
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
10.

図書

図書
Charles E. Baukal, Jr.
出版情報: Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press, c2000  545 p. ; 27 cm
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Introduction / Chapter 1:
Importance of Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion / 1.1:
Energy Consumption / 1.1.1:
Research Needs / 1.1.2:
Literature Discussion / 1.2:
Heat Transfer / 1.2.1:
Combustion / 1.2.2:
Heat Transfer and Combustion / 1.2.3:
Combustion System Components / 1.3:
Burners / 1.3.1:
Competing Priorities / 1.3.1.1:
Design Factors / 1.3.1.2:
General Burner Types / 1.3.1.3:
Combustors / 1.3.2:
Design Considerations / 1.3.2.1:
General Classifications / 1.3.2.2:
Heat Load / 1.3.3:
Process Tubes / 1.3.3.1:
Moving Substrate / 1.3.3.2:
Opaque Materials / 1.3.3.3:
Transparent Materials / 1.3.3.4:
Heat Recovery Devices / 1.3.4:
Recuperators / 1.3.4.1:
Regenerators / 1.3.4.2:
References
Some Fundamentals of Combustion / Chapter 2:
Combustion Chemistry / 2.1:
Fuel Properties / 2.1.1:
Oxidizer Composition / 2.1.2:
Mixture Ratio / 2.1.3:
Operating Regimes / 2.1.4:
Combustion Properties / 2.2:
Combustion Products / 2.2.1:
Air and Fuel Preheat Temperature / 2.2.1.1:
Fuel Composition / 2.2.1.4:
Flame Temperature / 2.2.2:
Oxidizer and Fuel Composition / 2.2.2.1:
Oxidizer and Fuel Preheat Temperature / 2.2.2.2:
Available Heat / 2.2.3:
Flue Gas Volume / 2.2.4:
Exhaust Product Transport Properties / 2.3:
Density / 2.3.1:
Specific Heat / 2.3.2:
Thermal Conductivity / 2.3.3:
Viscosity / 2.3.4:
Prandtl Number / 2.3.5:
Lewis Number / 2.3.6:
Heat Transfer Modes / Chapter 3:
Convection / 3.1:
Forced Convection / 3.2.1:
Forced Convection from Flames / 3.2.1.1:
Forced Convection from Outside Combustor Wall / 3.2.1.2:
Forced Convection from Hot Gases to Tubes / 3.2.1.3:
Natural Convection / 3.2.2:
Natural Convection from Flames / 3.2.2.1:
Natural Convection from Outside Combustor Wall / 3.2.2.2:
Radiation / 3.3:
Surface Radiation / 3.3.1:
Nonluminous Radiation / 3.3.2:
Theory / 3.3.2.1:
Combustion Studies / 3.3.2.2:
Luminous Radiation / 3.3.3:
Conduction / 3.3.3.1:
Steady-State Conduction / 3.4.1:
Transient Conduction / 3.4.2:
Phase Change / 3.5:
Melting / 3.5.1:
Boiling / 3.5.2:
Internal Boiling / 3.5.2.1:
External Boiling / 3.5.2.2:
Condensation / 3.5.3:
Heat Sources and Sinks / Chapter 4:
Heat Sources / 4.1:
Combustibles / 4.1.1:
Fuel Combustion / 4.1.1.1:
Volatile Combustion / 4.1.1.2:
Thermochemical Heat Release / 4.1.2:
Equilibrium TCHR / 4.1.2.1:
Catalytic TCHR / 4.1.2.2:
Mixed TCHR / 4.1.2.3:
Heat Sinks / 4.2:
Load / 4.2.1:
Tubes / 4.2.1.1:
Substrate / 4.2.1.2:
Granular Solid / 4.2.1.3:
Molten Liquid / 4.2.1.4:
Surface Conditions / 4.2.1.5:
Wall Losses / 4.2.2:
Openings / 4.2.3:
Gas Flow Through Openings / 4.2.3.1:
Material Transport / 4.2.4:
Computer Modeling / Chapter 5:
Combustion Modeling / 5.1:
Modeling Approaches / 5.2:
Fluid Dynamics / 5.2.1:
Moment Averaging / 5.2.1.1:
Vortex Methods / 5.2.1.2:
Spectral Methods / 5.2.1.3:
Direct Numerical Simulation / 5.2.1.4:
Geometry / 5.2.2:
Zero-Dimensional Modeling / 5.2.2.1:
One-Dimensional Modeling / 5.2.2.2:
Multi-dimensional Modeling / 5.2.2.3:
Reaction Chemistry / 5.2.3:
Nonreacting Flows / 5.2.3.1:
Simplified Chemistry / 5.2.3.2:
Complex Chemistry / 5.2.3.3:
Nonradiating / 5.2.4:
Participating Media / 5.2.4.2:
Time Dependence / 5.2.5:
Steady State / 5.2.5.1:
Transient / 5.2.5.2:
Simplified Models / 5.3:
Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling / 5.4:
Increasing Popularity of CFD / 5.4.1:
Potential Problems of CFD / 5.4.2:
Equations / 5.4.3:
Chemistry / 5.4.3.1:
Multiple Phases / 5.4.3.4:
Boundary and Initial Conditions / 5.4.4:
Inlets and Outlets / 5.4.4.1:
Surfaces / 5.4.4.2:
Symmetry / 5.4.4.3:
Discretization / 5.4.5:
Finite Difference Technique / 5.4.5.1:
Finite Volume Technique / 5.4.5.2:
Finite Element Technique / 5.4.5.3:
Mixed / 5.4.5.4:
None / 5.4.5.5:
Solution Methods / 5.4.6:
Model Validation / 5.4.7:
Industrial Combustion Examples / 5.4.8:
Modeling Burners / 5.4.8.1:
Modeling Combustors / 5.4.8.2:
Experimental Techniques / Chapter 6:
Heat Flux / 6.1:
Total Heat Flux / 6.2.1:
Steady-State Uncooled Solids / 6.2.1.1:
Steady-State Cooled Solids / 6.2.1.2:
Steady-State Cooled Gages / 6.2.1.3:
Transient Uncooled Targets / 6.2.1.4:
Transient Uncooled Gages / 6.2.1.5:
Radiant Heat Flux / 6.2.2:
Heat Flux Gage / 6.2.2.1:
Ellipsoidal Radiometer / 6.2.2.2:
Spectral Radiometer / 6.2.2.3:
Other Techniques / 6.2.2.4:
Convective Heat Flux / 6.2.3:
Temperature / 6.3:
Gas Temperature / 6.3.1:
Suction Pyrometer / 6.3.1.1:
Optical Techniques / 6.3.1.2:
Fine Wire Thermocouples / 6.3.1.3:
Line Reversal / 6.3.1.4:
Surface Temperature / 6.3.2:
Embedded Thermocouple / 6.3.2.1:
Infrared Detectors / 6.3.2.2:
Gas Flow / 6.4:
Gas Velocity / 6.4.1:
Pitot Tubes / 6.4.1.1:
Laser Doppler Velocimetry / 6.4.1.2:
Static Pressure Distribution / 6.4.1.3:
Stagnation Velocity Gradient / 6.4.2.1:
Stagnation Zone / 6.4.2.2:
Gas Species / 6.5:
Other Measurements / 6.6:
Physical Modeling / 6.7:
Flame Impingement / Chapter 7:
Experimental Conditions / 7.1:
Configurations / 7.2.1:
Flame Normal to a Cylinder in Crossflow / 7.2.1.1:
Flame Normal to a Hemispherically Nosed Cylinder / 7.2.1.2:
Flame Normal to a Plane Surface / 7.2.1.3:
Flame Parallel to a Plane Surface / 7.2.1.4:
Operating Conditions / 7.2.2:
Oxidizers / 7.2.2.1:
Fuels / 7.2.2.2:
Equivalence Ratios / 7.2.2.3:
Firing Rates / 7.2.2.4:
Reynolds Number / 7.2.2.5:
Nozzle Diameter / 7.2.2.6:
Location / 7.2.2.8:
Stagnation Targets / 7.2.3:
Size / 7.2.3.1:
Target Materials / 7.2.3.2:
Surface Preparation / 7.2.3.3:
Surface Temperatures / 7.2.3.4:
Measurements / 7.2.4:
Semianalytical Heat Transfer Solutions / 7.3:
Equation Parameters / 7.3.1:
Thermophysical Properties / 7.3.1.1:
Sibulkin Results / 7.3.1.2:
Fay and Riddell Results / 7.3.2.2:
Rosner Results / 7.3.2.3:
Comparisons With Experiments / 7.3.3:
Forced Convection (Negligible TCHR) / 7.3.3.1:
Forced Convection with TCHR / 7.3.3.2:
Sample Calculations / 7.3.4:
Laminar Flames Without TCHR / 7.3.4.1:
Turbulent Flames Without TCHR / 7.3.4.2:
Laminar Flames with TCHR
Summary / 7.3.5:
Empirical Heat Transfer Correlations / 7.4:
Flames Impinging Normal to a Cylinder / 7.4.1:
Local Convection Heat Transfer / 7.4.2.1:
Average Convection Heat Transfer / 7.4.2.2:
Average Convection Heat Transfer with TCHR / 7.4.2.3:
Average Radiation Heat Transfer / 7.4.2.4:
Maximum Convection and Radiation Heat Transfer / 7.4.2.5:
Flames Impining Normal to a Hemi-Nosed Cylinder / 7.4.3:
Local Convection Heat Transfer with TCHR / 7.4.3.1:
Flames Impinging Normal to a Plane Surface / 7.4.4:
Flames Parallel to a Plane Surface / 7.4.4.1:
Local Convection Heat Transfer With TCHR / 7.4.5.1:
Local Convection and Radiation Heat Transfer / 7.4.5.2:
Heat Transfer from Burners / Chapter 8:
Open-Flame Burners / 8.1:
Momentum Effects / 8.2.1:
Flame Luminosity / 8.2.2:
Firing Rate Effects / 8.2.3:
Flame Shape Effects / 8.2.4:
Radiant Burners / 8.3:
Perforated Ceramic or Wire Mesh Radiant Burners / 8.3.1:
Flame Impingement Radiant Burners / 8.3.2:
Porous Refractory Radiant Burners / 8.3.3:
Advanced Ceramic Radiant Burners / 8.3.4:
Radiant Wall Burners / 8.3.5:
Radiant Tube Burners / 8.3.6:
Effects on Heat Transfer / 8.4:
Fuel Effects / 8.4.1:
Solid Fuels / 8.4.1.1:
Liquid Fuels / 8.4.1.2:
Gaseous Fuels / 8.4.1.3:
Fuel Temperature / 8.4.1.4:
Oxidizer Effects / 8.4.2:
Oxidizer Temperature / 8.4.2.1:
Staging Effects / 8.4.3:
Fuel Staging / 8.4.3.1:
Oxidizer Staging / 8.4.3.2:
Burner Orientation / 8.4.4:
Hearth-Fired Burners / 8.4.4.1:
Wall-Fired Burners / 8.4.4.2:
Roof-Fired Burners / 8.4.4.3:
Side-Fired Burners / 8.4.4.4:
Heat Recuperation / 8.4.5:
Regenerative Burners / 8.4.5.1:
Recuperative Burners / 8.4.5.2:
Furnace or Flue Gas Recirculation / 8.4.5.3:
Pulse Combustion / 8.4.6:
In-Flame Treatment / 8.5:
Heat Transfer in Furnaces / Chapter 9:
Furnaces / 9.1:
Firing Method / 9.2.1:
Direct Firing / 9.2.1.1:
Indirect Firing / 9.2.1.2:
Heat Distribution / 9.2.1.3:
Load Processing Method / 9.2.2:
Batch Processing / 9.2.2.1:
Continuous Processing / 9.2.2.2:
Hybrid Processing / 9.2.2.3:
Heat Transfer Medium / 9.2.3:
Gaseous Medium / 9.2.3.1:
Vacuum / 9.2.3.2:
Liquid Medium / 9.2.3.3:
Solid Medium / 9.2.3.4:
Rotary Geometry / 9.2.4:
Rectangular Geometry / 9.2.4.2:
Ladle Geometry / 9.2.4.3:
Vertical Cylindrical Geometry / 9.2.4.4:
Furnace Types / 9.2.5:
Reverberatory Furnace / 9.2.5.1:
Shaft Kiln / 9.2.5.2:
Rotary Furnace / 9.2.5.3:
Heat Recovery / 9.3:
Gas Recirculation / 9.3.1:
Flue Gas Recirculation / 9.3.3.1:
Furnace Gas Recirculation / 9.3.3.2:
Lower Temperature Applications / Chapter 10:
Ovens and Dryers / 10.1:
Predryer / 10.2.1:
Dryer / 10.2.2:
Fired Heaters / 10.3:
Reformer / 10.3.1:
Process Heater / 10.3.2:
Heat Treating / 10.4:
Standard Atmosphere / 10.4.1:
Special Atmosphere / 10.4.2:
Higher Temperature Applications / Chapter 11:
Industries / 11.1:
Metals Industry / 11.2:
Ferrous Metal Production / 11.2.1:
Electric Arc Furnace / 11.2.1.1:
Smelting / 11.2.1.2:
Ladle Preheating / 11.2.1.3:
Reheating Furnace / 11.2.1.4:
Forging / 11.2.1.5:
Aluminum Metal Production / 11.2.2:
Minerals Industry / 11.3:
Glass / 11.3.1:
Types of Traditional Glass-Melting Furnaces / 11.3.1.1:
Unit Melter / 11.3.1.2:
Recuperative Melter / 11.3.1.3:
Regenerative or Siemens Furnace / 11.3.1.4:
Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion for Glass Production / 11.3.1.5:
Advanced Techniques for Glass Production / 11.3.1.6:
Cement and Lime / 11.3.2:
Bricks, Refractories, and Ceramics / 11.3.3:
Waste Incineration / 11.4:
Types of Incinerators / 11.4.1:
Municipal Waste Incinerators / 11.4.1.1:
Sludge Incinerators / 11.4.1.2:
Mobile Incinerators / 11.4.1.3:
Transportable Incinerators / 11.4.1.4:
Fixed Hazardous Waste Incinerators / 11.4.1.5:
Heat Transfer in Waste Incineration / 11.4.2:
Advanced Combustion Systems / Chapter 12:
Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion / 12.1:
Typical Use Methods / 12.2.1:
Air Enrichment / 12.2.1.1:
O[subscript 2] Lancing / 12.2.1.2:
Oxy/Fuel / 12.2.1.3:
Air-Oxy/Fuel / 12.2.1.4:
Heat Transfer Benefits / 12.2.2:
Increased Productivity / 12.2.3.1:
Higher Thermal Efficiencies / 12.2.3.2:
Higher Heat Transfer Efficiency / 12.2.3.3.:
Increased Flexibility / 12.2.3.4:
Potential Heat Transfer Problems / 12.2.4:
Refractory Damage / 12.2.4.1:
Nonuniform Heating / 12.2.4.2:
Industrial Heating Applications / 12.2.5:
Metals / 12.2.5.1:
Minerals / 12.2.5.2:
Incineration / 12.2.5.3:
Other / 12.2.5.4:
Submerged Combustion / 12.3:
Metals Production / 12.3.1:
Minerals Production / 12.3.2:
Liquid Heating / 12.3.3:
Miscellaneous / 12.4:
Surface Combustor-Heater / 12.4.1:
Direct-Fired Cylinder Dryer / 12.4.2:
Appendices
Reference Sources for Further Information / Appendix A:
Common Conversions / Appendix B:
Methods of Expressing Mixture Ratios for CH[subscript 4], C[subscript 3]H[subscript 8], and H[subscript 2] / Appendix C:
Properties for CH[subscript 4], C[subscript 3]H[subscript 8], and H[subscript 2] Flames / Appendix D:
Fluid Dynamics Equations / Appendix E:
Material Properties / Appendix F:
Author Index
Subject Index
Introduction / Chapter 1:
Importance of Heat Transfer in Industrial Combustion / 1.1:
Energy Consumption / 1.1.1:
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