Cooperative Effects in Plasmas / B.B. KadomtsevPart 1:
Preliminaries / 1:
Nonlinear Waves / 2:
Waves and Particles / 3:
Plasma in a Magnetic Field / 4:
Linear Waves / 5:
Relativistic Interaction of Laser Pulse With Plasmas / S.V. Bulanov ; F. Califano ; G.I. Dudnikova ; T.Zh. Esirkepov ; I.N. Inovenkov ; F.F. Kamenets ; T.V. Liseikina ; M. Lontano ; K. Mima ; N. M. Naumova ; K. Nishihara ; F. Pegoraro ; H. Ruhl ; A.S. Sakharov ; Y. Sentoku ; V.A. Vshivkov ; V.V. ZhakhovskiiPart 2:
Introduction
Relativistically strong electromagnetic waves in underdense plasmas
Acceleration of charged particles and photons
Filamentation of the laser light and magnetic interaction of filaments and electromagnetic radiation
Relativistic solitons
Interactions of an ultrashort, relativistically strong, laser pulse with an overdense plasma
Nonlinear interactions of laser pulses with a foil / 6:
Coulomb explosion of a cluster irradiated by a high intensity laser pulse / 7:
Conclusions / 8:
References
Theoretical Principles of the Plasma-Equilibrium Control in Stellarators / V. D. Pustovitov
History of the problem and a general review of the theory / 1.:
The first problems of tokamaks and stellarators / 1.1.:
The problem of high [beta] / 1.2.:
Development of the MHD theory of stellarators / 1.3.:
High [beta] and the problem of plasmaequilibrium control / 1.4.:
Free-boundary plasma equilibrium / 1.5.:
Plasma-shape control in stellarators / 1.6.:
General equations of the theory of plasma equilibrium in conventional stellarators / 2.:
Stellarator approximation and the magnetic differential equation / 2.1.:
Real and averaged magnetic surfaces / 2.2.:
Integral quantities / 2.3.:
Currents in equilibrium configurations / 2.4.:
Longitudinal current in a stellarator / 2.5.:
Two-dimensional equation of plasma equilibrium in stellarators / 2.6.:
Analytical models / 3.:
Two-dimensional model of a stellarator / 3.1.:
Minimal set of parameters / 3.2.:
Description of the inner part of the plasma / 3.3.:
Effect of satellite harmonics on the stellarator configuration / 3.4.:
Control of plasma equilibrium using a vertical magnetic field / 4.:
Boundary conditions in equilibrium problems / 4.1.:
Reduction of the boundary conditions / 4.2.:
Effect of a vertical field on the plasmacolumn position in stellarators / 4.3.:
Suppression of the Pfirsch-Schluter current in conventional stellarators / 4.4.:
Integral independence on [beta] and "overcompensation" / 4.5.:
The influence of a quadrupole field on the stellarator configuration / 5.:
Control of the vacuum stellarator configuration using a quadrupole field / 5.1.:
Doublet-like stellarator configurations / 5.2.:
Control of the rotational-transform profile with the help of the quadrupole field / 5.3.:
Elongation of the plasma column as a means of increasing [beta][subscript eq] in stellarators / 5.4.:
List of main symbols
Fundamentals of Stationary Plasma Thruster Theory / A. I. Morozov ; V. V. Savelyev
General picture of processes in SPTs
Principal scheme of an SPT
Specifics of physical processes in SPTs
Quasi-autonomous functional units of SPTs
General system of equations and boundary conditions for SPT processes
Magnetic and electric fields in SPTs
Magnetic fields in SPTs
"Equipotentialization" of the magnetic force lines. Magnetic drift surfaces
The "loading" of magnetic force lines
Plasma electric field for the quasi-Maxwellian electron component
Remarks
Electron kinetics in the SPT channel
Characteristics of particle collisions with each other and with the surfaces
Electron distribution functions in the SPT channel
Debye layers on the SPT channel walls
The near-wall conductivity (NWC)
UHF-oscillations in the SPT channel / 3.5.:
Some conclusions / 3.6.:
Erosion of insulators in SPTs
The role and form of insulator erosion
Ion sputtering
Mathematical modeling of the anomalous erosion
Heavy particle dynamics in the SPT channel
Dynamics of single heavy particles
A kinetic description of ionizing heavy particles
Similarity criteria for discharges in SPT
The "inverse" problem of heavy particle dynamics
An analysis of processes using the emerging flux characteristics / 5.5.:
Estimate of energetic balance components in the SPT-ATON / 5.6.:
Low-frequency oscillations in SPTs / 6.:
Experimental data on LF-oscillations in the SPT channel / 6.1.:
Linear oscillations in a one-dimensional flux model without ionization / 6.2.:
One-dimensional self-consistent models for plasma flow in an SPT channel / 7.:
Modeling an SPT in the one-dimensional hydrodynamic approximation / 7.1.:
The results of calculations in the hydrodynamic model / 7.2.:
Dynamics of oscillations / 7.3.:
A hybrid model for the plasma flow in an SPT / 7.4.:
SPTs in real conditions / 8.:
The particle influx from the VC into the SPT / 8.1.:
Preventing particle influx from the VC / 8.2.:
Supersynchronization phenomenon / 8.3.:
Appendix
The necessity of electric propulsion thrusters / A.:
Preface
Mechanisma of Transverse Conductivity and Generation of Self-Consistent Electric Fields in Strongly Ionized Magnetized Plasma / V. Rozhansky
Conductivity Tensor in Partially Ionized Plasma / 1.1:
Main Mechanisms of Perpendicular Conductivity in Fully Ionized Plasma: Currents Caused by Viscosity, Inertia, Collisions with Neutrals, and [down triangle, open]B, and Mass-Loading Currents / 1.3:
Inertia Currents / 1.3.1:
Currents Caused by Ion-Neutral Collisions / 1.3.2:
Diamagnetic Currents / 1.3.3:
Viscosity-Driven Currents / 1.3.4:
Mass-Loading Current / 1.3.5:
Inertial (Polarization) and [down triangle, open]B Currents. Acceleration of Plasma Clouds in an Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field / 1.4:
Alfven Conductivity / 1.5:
Perpendicular Viscosity, Radial Current, and Radial Electric Field in an Infinite Cylinder / 1.6:
Current Systems in Front of a Biased Electrode (Flush-Mounted Probe) and Spot of Emission / 1.7:
Viscosity-Driven Perpendicular Currents / 1.7.1:
Currents Driven by Ion-Neutral Collisions / 1.7.2:
General Situation / 1.7.3:
Spot of Emission / 1.7.5:
Currents in the Vicinity of a Biased Electrode That is Smaller Than the Ion Gyroradius / 1.8:
Neoclassical Perpendicular Conductivity in a Tokamak / 1.9:
Steady State Current / 1.9.1:
Time-Dependent Current / 1.9.2:
Transverse Conductivity in a Reversed Field Pinch / 1.10:
Modeling of Electric Field and Currents in the Tokamak Edge Plasma / 1.11:
Mechanisms of Anomalous Perpendicular Viscosity and Viscosity-Driven Currents / 1.12:
Transverse Conductivity in a Stochastic Magnetic Field / 1.13:
Nonstochastic Magnetic Field / 1.13.1:
Stochastic Magnetic Field / 1.13.2:
Electric Fields Generated in the Shielding Layer between Hot Plasma and a Solid State / 1.14:
Correlations and Anomalous Transport Models / O.G. Bakunin
Turbulent Diffusion and Transport / 2.1:
The Correlation Function and the Taylor Diffusivity / 2.2.1:
The Richardson Law / 2.2.2:
The Davydov Model of Turbulent Diffusion / 2.2.3:
The Batchelor Approximation for the Diffusion Coefficient / 2.2.4:
Nonlocal Effects and Diffusion Equations / 2.3:
The Functional Equation for Random Walks / 2.3.1:
Nonlocality and the Levy Distribution / 2.3.2:
The Monin Fractional Differential Equation / 2.3.3:
The Corrsin Conjecture / 2.4:
The Corrsin Independence Hypothesis / 2.4.1:
The Simplified Corrsin Conjecture / 2.4.2:
The Correlation Function and Scalings / 2.4.3:
Effects of Seed Diffusivity / 2.5:
Seed Diffusivity and Correlations / 2.5.1:
"Returns" and Correlations / 2.5.2:
The Stochastic Magnetic Field and Scalings / 2.5.3:
The Howells Result / 2.5.4:
The Diffusive Tracer Equation and Averaging / 2.6:
The Taylor Shear Flow Model / 2.6.1:
Generalization of the Taylor Model / 2.6.2:
The Zeldovich Flow and the Kubo Number / 2.6.3:
Advection and Zeldovich Scaling / 2.6.4:
The System of Random Shear Flows / 2.7:
The Dreizin-Dykhne Superdiffusion Regime / 2.7.1:
The Matheron-de Marsily Model / 2.7.2:
The "Manhattan Grid" Flow and Transport / 2.7.3:
The Quasi-Linear Approximation / 2.8:
Quasi-Linear Equations / 2.8.1:
Short-Range and Long-Range Correlations / 2.8.2:
The Telegraph Equation / 2.8.3:
Magnetic Diffusivity and the Kubo Number / 2.8.4:
The Diffusive Renormalization / 2.9:
The Dupree Approximation / 2.9.1:
The Dupree Theory Revisited / 2.9.2:
The Taylor-McNamara Correlation Function / 2.9.3:
The Kadomtsev-Pogutse Renormalization and the Stochastic Magnetic Field / 2.9.4:
Anomalous Transport and Convective Cells / 2.10:
Bohm Scaling and Electric Field Fluctuations / 2.10.1:
The Bohm Regime and Correlations / 2.10.2:
Convective Cells and Transport / 2.10.3:
Complex Structures and Convective Transport / 2.10.4:
Stochastic Instability and Transport / 2.11:
Stochastic Instability and Correlations / 2.11.1:
The Rechester-Rosenbluth Model / 2.11.2:
Collisional Effects and the Stix Formula / 2.11.3:
The Quasi-Isotropic Stochastic Magnetic Field and Transport / 2.11.4:
Quasi-Linear Scaling for the Stochastic Instability Increment / 2.11.5:
Fractal Conceptions and Turbulence / 2.12:
Fractality and Transport / 2.12.1:
The Richardson Law and Fractality / 2.12.2:
Intermittency and the Kolmogorov Law / 2.12.3:
Percolation and Scalings / 2.13:
Continuum Percolation and Transport / 2.13.1:
Renormalization and Percolation / 2.13.2:
Graded Percolation / 2.13.3:
Percolation and Turbulent Transport Scalings / 2.14:
Random Steady Flows and Seed Diffusivity / 2.14.1:
The Spatial Hierarchy of Scales and Stochastic Instability / 2.14.2:
Low Frequency Regimes / 2.14.3:
The Temporal Hierarchy of Scales and Correlations / 2.15:
The Spatial and Temporal Hierarchy of Scales / 2.15.1:
The Isichenko Intermediate Regime / 2.15.2:
Dissipation and Percolation Transport / 2.15.3:
The Stochastic Magnetic Field and Percolation Transport / 2.16:
Percolation and the Kadomtsev-Pogutse Scaling / 2.16.1:
Percolation Renormalization and the Stochastic Instability Increment / 2.16.3:
Percolation in Drift Flows / 2.17:
Graded Percolation and Drift Flows / 2.17.1:
Low Frequency Regimes and Drift Effects / 2.17.2:
Compressibility and Percolation / 2.17.3:
Multiscale Flows / 2.18:
The Nested Hierarchy of Scales and Drift Effects / 2.18.1:
The Brownian Landscape and Percolation / 2.18.2:
Correlations and Transport Scalings / 2.18.3:
The Diffusive Approximation and the Multiscale Model / 2.18.4:
Stochastic Instability and Time Scales / 2.18.5:
Isotropic and Anisotropic Turbulent Energy Spectra / 2.18.6:
The Multiscale Model of Transport in a Tangled Magnetic Field / 2.18.7:
Subdiffusion and Traps / 2.19:
The Balagurov and Vaks Model of Diffusion with Traps / 2.19.1:
Subdiffusion and Fractality / 2.19.2:
Comb Structures and Transport / 2.19.3:
Continuous Time Random Walks / 2.20:
The Montroll and Weiss Approach and Memory Effects / 2.20.1:
Fractional Differential Equations / 2.20.2:
The Taylor Definition and Memory Effects / 2.20.3:
Fractional Differential Equations and Scalings / 2.21:
The Klafter, Blumen, and Shlesinger Approximation / 2.21.1:
The Stochastic Magnetic Field and Balescu Approach / 2.21.2:
Longitudinal Correlations and the Diffusive Approximation / 2.21.3:
Vortex Structures and Trapping / 2.21.4:
Correlations and Trapping / 2.21.5:
Correlation and Phase-Space / 2.22:
The Corrsin Conjecture and Phase-Space / 2.22.1:
The Hamiltonian Nature of the Universal Hurst Exponent / 2.22.2:
The One-Flight Model and Transport / 2.22.3:
Correlations and Nonlocal Velocity Distribution / 2.22.4:
The Arrhenius Law and Phase-Space Distribution / 2.22.5:
Conclusion / 2.23:
Acknowledgements
Cooperative Effects in Plasmas / B.B. KadomtsevPart 1:
A Journey Through Colloid Science / Brian VincentChapter 1:
Early Days / 1.1:
Novel Colloidal Systems / 1.2:
Particle Synthesis / 1.2.1:
Particles with Terminally Grafted Polymer Chains / 1.2.2:
Electrically Conducting Particles / 1.2.3:
Microemulsions Based on Block or Graft Copolymers / 1.2.4:
Monodisperse Liquid Droplets / 1.2.5:
Liquid Core-Solid Shell Particles / 1.2.6:
Microgel Particles / 1.2.7:
Particle Interactions / 1.3:
Electrostatic Interactions / 1.3.1:
Polymers at Interfaces and Steric Interactions / 1.3.2:
Depletion Interactions / 1.3.3:
Interactions in Mixed Particle Systems / 1.3.4:
Deposition of Particles on Flat Surfaces / 1.3.5:
Concluding Remarks / 1.4:
References
Synthesis of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgel Particles Containing Gold Nanoshell Cores with Potential for Triggered De-swelling / Paul Luckham ; Carlo Strazza ; Pierre Bussierre ; Paulo Nassari ; Neil PatelChapter 2:
Introduction / 2.1:
Materials and Methods / 2.2:
Preparation of Silica Particles / 2.2.1:
Preparation of Positively Charged Silica Particles / 2.2.2:
Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles / 2.2.3:
Attachment of Gold Nanoparticles to Silica Cores / 2.2.4:
Growth of Gold Nanoshells / 2.2.5:
Synthesis of Hydrogel-coated Gold or Gold Nanoshells / 2.2.6:
Nanobubbles, Dissolved Gas, Boundary Layers and Related Mysterious Effects in Colloid Stability / John Ralston6.4:
Stability Ratio as a Function of Dissolved Gas and Hydrophobicity / 7.1:
Colloid Stability Analysis / 7.2.2:
TMAFM Imaging / 7.2.3:
Images of Bubble Coalescence / 7.2.4:
Nature of Domains / 7.2.5:
Bubble Formation on Solid-Water Interfaces / 7.2.6:
Contact Angles and Line Tension / 7.2.7:
Kinetics of CO[subscript 2] Gas Adsorption Using a QCM / 7.2.8:
Acknowledgement / 7.3:
Heteroflocculation Studies of Colloidal Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels with Polystyrene Latex Particles: Effect of Particle Size, Temperature and Surface Charge / Martin J. Snowden ; Louise H. Gracia ; Hani NurChapter 8:
Introduction and Background / 8.1:
Heteroflocculation Studies / 8.1.1:
Experimental / 8.2:
Microgel Synthesis / 8.2.1:
Dry Weight Analysis / 8.2.2:
Preparation of Anionic Polystyrene Latex and Cationic Microgel Mixed Dispersions / 8.2.3:
Dynamic Light Scattering / 8.2.4:
Electrophoretic Mobility and Zeta Potential Measurements / 8.2.5:
Turbidimetric Analysis / 8.2.6:
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) / 8.2.7:
Scanning Electron Microscopy / 8.3:
Characterisation of Anionic PS Latex Particles / 8.3.2:
Heteroflocculation of Microgel/Latex Mixtures / 8.3.3:
Surface Modification, Encapsulation and Coating: A Career Built on Graft / David Fairhurst8.4:
The Early Years: Colloid Science, Zeta Potential and Polymers / 9.1:
The Dark Side: Black Boxes, Sunscreens and Hope-in-a-Bottle / 9.2:
Back to the Future: Colloid Science, Vaccines, Microbicides and HIV/AIDS / 9.3:
Subject Index / 9.4:
A Journey Through Colloid Science / Brian VincentChapter 1:
Determination of Underivatized Amino Acids by Capillary Electrophoresis and Capillary Electrochromatography / Christian W. Klampfl1.3.1:
Quantitation of Amino Acids as o-Phthalaldehyde derivatives / Shigeyuki Oguri1.3.2:
Capillary Electrophoresis and Capillary Electrochromatography of Amino Acids as Dansyl Derivatives / Zilin Chen1.3.3:
Amines / Part 2:
Gas Chromatographic Determination of Volatile Aliphatic and Selected Aromatic Amines, without Derivatization: Solid Phase Microextraction / Jacek Namiesnik ; Bogdan Zigmunt2.1:
Gas Chromatography of Amines as Various Derivatives / Hiroyuki Kataoka2.1.2:
HPLC of Amines as o-Phthalaldehyde Derivatives / 2.2:
Quantitation by HPLC of Amines as Dansyl Derivatives / Manuel Silva2.2.2:
HPLC of Amines as 9-Fluorenylmethyl Chloroformate Derivatives / Paul Chi Ho2.2.3:
HPLC of Biogenic Amines as 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl Derivatives / Thomas Weiss2.2.4:
Determination of Underivatized Amines by CE and CEC / 2.3:
Quantitation of Amines by Oncolumn Derivatives with o-Phthalaldehyde by CEC / 2.3.2:
Quantitation of Amino Acids and Amines, Simultaneously / 3:
Quantitation of Polyamines by Chromatography / Ynze Mengerink4:
Amino Acids / Part 1:
Gas Chromatography / 1.1:
Quantitation of Amino Acids as Chloroformates - A Return to Gas Chromatography / Petr Husek1.1.1:
A Possible Route to Half-Metallic Antiferromagnetism / 1.4:
Vacancies / 1.5:
Summary and Outlook / 1.6:
References
Clustering in Heusler Alloys / N. Lakshmi ; V. Sebastian ; K. Venugopalan2:
Experimental Methods / 2.1:
Results and Discussion / 2.3:
X-Ray Diffraction Studies / 2.3.1:
Mossbauer Studies / 2.3.2:
DC Magnetization Studies / 2.3.3:
Anisotropy of Ferromagnetic Heusler Alloys Thin Films / R. Yilgin ; B. Aktas3:
TMR and GMR Effects / 3.1:
Critical Current / 3.1.2:
Theoretical Background / 3.1.3:
The Theory of Ferromagnetic Resonance / 3.2:
Dynamics of Magnetization / 3.2.1:
Resonance Field for Polycrystalline Film / 3.2.2:
Ferromagnetic Resonance in Single Crystalline Film / 3.2.3:
Line-Width of Resonance Absorption / 3.2.4:
Sample Preparation / 3.3:
Magnetic Characterizations / 3.3.2:
FMR Results / 3.3.3:
Conclusions / 3.4:
Quantum Monte Carlo Study of Anderson Magnetic Impurities in Semiconductors / N. Bulut ; Y. Tomoda ; K. Tanikawa ; S. Takahashi ; S. Maekawa4:
Model / 4.1:
Two-Dimensional Case / 4.3:
Magnetic Correlations Between the Impurities / 4.3.1:
Impurity-Host Correlations / 4.3.2:
Three-Dimensional Case / 4.4:
Tight-Binding Model for a Mn d Orbital in GaAs / 4.5:
Discussion and Summary / 4.6:
New Type of Nanomaterials: Doped Magnetic Semiconductors Contained Ferrons, Antiferrons, and Afmons / L.I. Koroleva ; D.M. Zashchirinskii5:
Ferrons / 5.1:
Giant Red Shift of Fundamental Absorption Edge Connected with Ferromagnetic Ordering / 5.2.1:
Notion of Ferrons / 5.2.2:
Electrical Resistivity and Magnetoresistance of Nondegenerate Ferromagnetic Semiconducrors with n-Type of Electrical Conductivity / 5.2.3:
Magnetic Two-Phase Ferromagnetic-Antiferromagnetic State in Manganites / 5.2.4:
Antiferrons / 5.2.5:
Afmons / 5.2.6:
Cerium-Doped Yttrium Iron Garnet Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Process: Synthesis, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties / Y. Ozturk ; I. Avgin ; M. Erol ; E. Celik6:
Experimental Details / 6.1:
Summary and Conclusions / 6.3:
Tuning the Magnetic and Electronic Properties of Manganite Thin Films by Epitaxial Strain / G.H. Aydogdu ; Y. Kuru ; H.-U. Habermeier7:
Preparation and Analysis of Films / 7.1:
Deposition Technique and Film Growth / 7.2.1:
Analysis of Films / 7.2.2:
Structural Characterization, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Manganites Film / 7.3:
The Influence of Inhomogeneities upon the Properties of Ferrites and Ferrite Devices / 8.1:
Wave-Front Reversal in a Medium with Inhomogeneities / 8.3:
Experimental Results / 8.4:
Discussions / 8.5:
Electromagnetic Radiation of Micro and Nanomagnetic Structures with Magnetic Reversal / B.A. Gurovich ; K.E. Prikhodko ; E.A. Kuleshova ; A.G. Domantovsky ; K.I. Maslakov ; E.Z. Meilikhov8.6:
Experimental / 9.1:
Coercivity Static Measurements of Magnetic Patterned Media / 9.3:
The Dependence of the Amplitude and Duration of Emitted Signal on the External Magnetic Field Amplitude / 9.3.2:
Experimental Determination of Dynamic Emitted Parameters of Magnetic Patterned Media / 9.3.3:
Dependence of Dynamical Coercivity of Bit Arrays with Underlayer on the Bits Structural Geometry / 9.3.4:
Peculiarities of the Magnetic Structure of Cobalt Bits with and without a Soft Magnetic Underlayer / 9.3.5:
Structural and Magnetic Properties and Preparation Techniques of Nanosized M-type Hexaferrite Powders / T. Koutzarova ; S. Kolev ; C. Ghelev ; K. Grigorov ; I. Nedkov9.4:
Crystalline Structure / 10.1:
Methods for Preparation / 10.3:
Microemulsion Technique / 10.5:
Nanocrystallization and Surface Magnetic Structure of Ferromagnetic Ribbons and Microwires / A. Chizhik ; A. Zhukov ; V. Zhukova ; C. Garcia ; J.M. Blanco ; J.J. del Val ; L. Fernandez ; N. Iturriza ; J. Gonzalez11:
On Structural and Magnetic Properties of Fe[subscript 73.5-x]Si[subscript 13.5]B[subscript 9]Cu[subscript 1]Nb[subscript 3]Mn[subscript x] Metal Alloys / R. Brzozowski ; M. Wasiak ; P. Sovak ; M. Moneta11.4.1:
FeCoZr-Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] Granular Nanocomposite Films with Tailored Structural, Electric, Magnetotransport and Magnetic Properties / J.A. Fedotova12.4:
Granular Nanocomposites for Electronics: Reasons of Interest / 13.1:
Preparation and Structure of Granular MMCs / 13.1.2:
Percolation in Granular Nanocomposites / 13.1.3:
Carrier Transport in Granular MMCs around Metal-Insulator Transition / 13.1.4:
Magnetic Properties of Granular Nanocomposites / 13.1.5:
Properties of FeCoZr-Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] Nanocomposite Films: Synthesis in Pure Ar and Mixed Ar + O Ambient / 13.2:
Synthesis and Samples Preparation / 13.2.1:
Mossbauer Spectroscopy / 13.2.2:
Alternation Grads- and SQUID-Magnetometry / 13.2.3:
Atomic Force-Magnetic Force Microscopy / 13.2.4:
Electric and Magnetotransport Properties / 13.2.5:
Concluding Remarks / 13.3:
Ferromagnetism of Nanostructures Consisting of Ferromagnetic Granules with Dipolar Magnetic Interaction / E. Meilikhov ; R. Farzetdinova14:
Lattices of Point-like and Rod-like Ferromagnetic Granules with Dipole Interaction / 14.1:
3D Lattice of Point-Like Granules / 14.2.1:
2D Lattice of Point-Like Granules / 14.2.2:
3D Lattice of Rod-Like Granules / 14.2.3:
2D Lattice of Rod-Like Granules / 14.2.4:
Lattices of Ellipsoidal Granules with Dipole Interaction / 14.3:
Magnetic Field of the Ellipsoidal Granule / 14.3.1:
3D Lattice of Ellipsoidal Granules / 14.3.2:
2D Lattice of Prolate Ellipsoidal Granules / 14.3.3:
2D Lattice with Oblate Ellipsoidal Granules / 14.3.4:
2D Lattice of Oblate Ellipsoidal Granules in a Magnetic Field / 14.3.5:
Partially Populated Lattices of Point-Like Ising Dipoles / 14.4:
Distribution of Local Magnetic Fields / 14.4.1:
Magnetic Phase Diagram / 14.4.2:
Random Systems of Point-Like and Rod-Like Ising Dipoles / 14.5:
Generalized Mean Field Theory for Point (Spherical) Dipoles / 14.5.1:
Generalized Mean Field Theory for Rod-Like Dipoles / 14.5.3:
Magnetic Properties of a Random System of Rod-Like Dipoles / 14.5.4:
Experimental Examples / 14.6:
Magnetism of Ultrathin Films / 14.6.1:
2D Lattices of Disk-Shaped Granules in a Magnetic Field / 14.6.2:
Magnetic Recording Density / 14.6.3:
Magnetic Dipolar Interactions in Nanoparticle Systems: Theory, Simulations and Ferromagnetic Resonance / D.S. Schmool ; M. Schmalzl14.6.4:
Theory of Dipole - Dipole Interactions in Magnetic Nanoparticles / 15.1:
Dipolar Interactions / 15.2.1:
Simulations for Arrays of Nanoparticles / 15.2.2:
Ferromagnetic Resonance in Magnetic Nanoparticles / 15.3:
Contributors / 15.4:
Role of Defects and Disorder in the Half-Metallic Full-Heusler Compounds / I. Galanakis ; K. Ozdogan ; E. Sasioglu1:
Introduction / 1.1:
Defects in Full-Heuslers Containing Co and Mn / 1.2:
Artemisinin: An Endoperoxidic Antimalarial from Artemisia annua L / H. Ziffer ; R.J. Highet ; D.L. Klayman
Marine Glycolipids / E. Fattorusso ; A. Mangoni
Brassinosteroids / G. Adam ; J. Schmidt ; B. Schneider
Natural Occurrence and Distribution
Structures
Isolation and Purification
Analysis of Brassinosteroids
Synthesis; Biosynthesis
Metabolism of Brassinosteroids
Physiological Action
Molecular Mode of Action
Conclusions
Chemistry of the Neem Tree (//Azadirachta indica//A. Juss.) / A. Akhila ; K. Rani
Introduction; Chemistry of Limonoids; C-Seco Meliacins; Other Compounds
Secondary Metabolites and the Control of Some Blue Stain and Decay Fungi / W. A. Ayer ; L. S. Trifonov
Introduction; Blue Stain Fungi
Decay Causing Fungi
The Black Gall Effect
Condensed Tannins / D. Ferreira ; E. V. Brandt ; J. Coetzee ; E. Malan
Introduction; Formation of the Interflavanyl Bond in Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins
Cleavage of the Interflavanyl Bond in Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins
Rearrangement of the Pyran Heterocycle of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins
Conformational Analysis of Dimeric Proanthocyanidins
Conclusion
Constituents of //Lactarius// (Mushrooms) / W. M. Daniewski ; G. Vidari
Introduction; Sesquiterpenes Isolated from //Lactarius//; Introduction to Parts 6 and 7 - Velutinal Esters and Related Sesquiterpenes
Chemistry of Sesquiterpenes of //Lactarius//
Nitric Oxide: Physiological Roles, Biosynthesis and Medical Uses / D. R. Adams ; M. Brochwicz-Lewinski ; A. R. Butler
Discovery in the Vasculature
Platelet Aggregation
NO and the Immune System
NO and the Nervous System
S-Nitrosothiols
NO Activity in the Mammalian Eye
The NO Biosynthetic Pathway
Mechanism of the Nitric Oxide Synthase-Catalysed Reaction
Nitric Oxide Synthase Structure
Clinical Uses of NO and Its Inhibitors
Acknowledgements
Microbial Siderophores / Herbert Budzikiewicz
Peptide Siderophores
Pyoverdins and Related Siderophores from Pseudomonas Spp
Azomonas and Azotobacter Siderophores
Anachelin
Actinomycetal Metabolites
Bacterial Hydroxamate Siderophores
Fungal L-Ornithine-Based Hydroxamate Siderophores
Catecholate Siderophores
Lipopeptidic Siderophores
Pseudomonas mendocina Siderophores / 2.9:
Siderophores Based on Diamino- and Triaminoalkane Skeletons
Rhizobactin
Hydroxamic Acid Siderophores
Citrate Siderophores
Siderophores with Two Hydroxamic Acid Units
Siderophores with 2-Oxoglutaric Acid Units
Siderophores with Two Catecholate Units / 4.3:
Siderophores with Two Citric Acid Units / 4.4:
Legiobactin / 4.5:
Pyochelin and Related Structures
Miscellaneous Siderophores
Selected Syntheses / 8:
Anachelin H / 8.1:
Alterobactin / 8.2:
Parabactin / 8.3:
Nannochelin A / 8.4:
Pyochelin / 8.5:
Epilog / 9:
Appendix
Notes Added in Proof
Resin Glycosides from the Morning Glory Family / Rogelio Pereda-Miranda ; Daniel Rosas-RamÃrez ; Jhon Castañeda-Gómez
Ethnobotanical Background and Discovery
Structural Diversity
Chemical Composition
Resin Glycosides
Isolation Techniques
Structure Elucidation of Resin Glycosides
Degradative Chemical Methods
Spectroscopic Methods
Crystallographic Methods
Molecular Modeling
Strategies for Synthesis
Tricolorin A / 6.1:
Ipomoeassin E / 6.2:
Woodrosin I / 6.3:
Significance
Traditional Medicine and Morning Glories / 7.1:
Biological Activities / 7.2:
Pharmacology and Toxicology / 7.3:
Chemical Ecology / 7.4:
Chlorophyll Catabolites / B. Krautler
Chlorophyll Catabolites from Vascular Plants
Green Chlorophyll Degradation Products in Vascular Plants
Chlorophyllide a and b from Chlorophylls by Loss of the Phytol Side Chain / 2.1.1:
Reductive Path from b- to a-Type Chlorophyll(ide)s / 2.1.2:
Pheophorbide a from Chlorophyllide a by Removal of the Magnesium Ion / 2.1.3:
13[superscript 2]-Carboxy-pyropheophorbide a from Hydrolysis and Pyropheophorbide a from Overall Loss of the Methoxycarbonyl Group from Pheophorbide a / 2.1.4:
Non-green Chlorophyll Degradation Products from Vascular Plants
Discovery and Structure Analysis of Fluorescent Chlorophyll Catabolites / 2.2.1:
Preparation of the Elusive Red Chlorophyll Catabolite by Partial Synthesis / 2.2.2:
An Enzyme-bound Red Chlorophyll Catabolite from Enzymatic Oxygenation of Pheophorbide a / 2.2.3:
Fluorescent Chlorophyll Catabolites from Enzymatic Reduction of the Red Chlorophyll Catabolite / 2.2.4:
Model Experiments for the Reduction of the Red Chlorophyll Catabolite to Fluorescent Chlorophyll Catabolites / 2.2.5:
A Non-enzymatic Tautomerization Achieves the "Final" Transformation of Fluorescent Chlorophyll Catabolites to Non-fluorescent Colourless Chlorophyll Catabolites / 2.2.7:
Peripheral Functional Groups and Conjugations Found in Non-fluorescent Colourless Chlorophyll Catabolites / 2.2.8:
Evidence for Further Breakdown of the Non-fluorescent Colourless Chlorophyll Catabolites in Higher Plants / 2.2.9:
Chlorophyll Catabolites from the Green Alga Chlorella protothecoides
Chlorophyll Catabolites from Marine Organisms
Conclusions and Outlook
Steroidal Saponins / N. P. Sahu ; S. Banerjee ; N. B. Mondal ; D. Mandal
Conventional Methods
Spectrometry Coupled with Chemical Methods
Modern Spectrometric Methods
Mass Spectrometry / 3.3.1:
[superscript 1]H NMR Spectroscopy / 3.3.2:
[superscript 13]C NMR Spectroscopy / 3.3.2.2:
2D NMR Spectroscopy / 3.3.2.3:
Cytotoxic Activity Against Cancer Cell Lines
Antifungal Activity
Miscellaneous Effects
Biosynthesis of Steroidal Glycosides
Report of New Steroidal Saponins (1998-Mid-2006)
Acknowledgement
Non-conventional Lignans: Coumarinolignans, Flavonolignans, and Stilbenolignans / Sajeli A. Begum ; Mahendra Sahai ; Anil B. Ray
Coumarinolignans
Occurrence of Coumarinolignans
Classification of Coumarinolignans
Structure Elucidation of Coumarinolignans
Chemistry of Coumarinolignans
Biological Activity of Coumarinolignans
Biogenesis of Coumarinolignans
Flavonolignans
Occurrence of Flavonolignans
Features of Flavonolignans and Their Classification
Structure Elucidation of Flavonolignans
Chemistry of Flavonolignans
Biological Activity of Flavonolignans / 3.5:
Biogenesis of Flavonolignans / 3.6:
Stilbenolignans
Occurrence and Features of Stilbenolignans
Structure Elucidation and Synthesis of Stilbenolignans
Biological Activity of Stilbenolignans
Biogenesis of Stilbenolignans
Picrotoxanes / Edda Gössinger
Tabular Overview of the Picrotoxanes
Occurrence
Systematic and Geographic Occurrence of Picrotoxane-Containing Plants
Parasitic Plants
Picrotoxanes Found in Animals and Animal Products
The Riddle of the Scattered Taxonomic Occurrence of Picrotoxanes
Isolation of Picrotoxanes
Examples of Recent Isolation Procedures
Structure Determination of Picrotoxanes
Main Picrotoxanes of the Menispermaceae
Main Picrotoxanes of the Coriariaceae
Picrotoxanes Isolated from Toxic Honey
Picrotoxanes of the Picrodendraceae
Picrotoxanes from Dendrobium Species
Total Syntheses of Picrotoxanes
Overview
Description of the Syntheses
Biosynthesis of Picrotoxanes
Investigations on the Biosynthesis of Dendrobines
Investigations on the Biosynthesis of Sesquiterpene Picrotoxanes
Physiological Activity of Picrotoxanes
Toxicity
Picrotoxanes as Therapeutics
Picrotoxanes as Epileptogenic Compounds
Picrotoxanes as Tools in Neurobiological Research
Abbreviations
Combinatorial and Synthetic Biosynthesis in Actinomycetes / Marta Luzhetska ; Johannes Härle ; Andreas Bechthold
Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Synthetic Biosynthesis
Achievements in Combinatorial Biosynthesis
Challenges for Combinatorial Biosynthesis
Synthetic Biosynthesis
The Dolastatins / Robert D. ; G.R. Pettit ; T. Nomura ; Shashi B. Mahato ; D.C. Gournelis ; H. Murray
The Naturally Occurring Coumarins: Scope of the Review / T. Fukai ; Saraswati Garai ; G.G. Laskaris ; A. CavF
Phenolic Constituents of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza Species): Triterpenoid Saponins
Gilman, Henry ; Blatt, Albert Harold, 1903- ; Horning, E. C. (Evan C.) ; Rabjohn, Norman ; Noland, Wayland E. ; Baumgarten, Henry E. ; Freeman, Jeremiah P.
出版情報:
New York ; Chichester : John Wiley & Sons, 1932- v. ; 24 cm
Reductive Coupling of Carbonyls to Alkenes: Adamantylideneadamantane
Reduction of Quinones with Hydriodic Acid: Benz[a]anthracene
Conversion of Ketones to Cyanohydrins: Benzophenone Cyanohydrin
Oxidation of 5-Aminotetrazoles: Benzyl Isocyanide
Cyclobutanone
Cyclobutene
Anodic Oxidation of Acids: Dimethyl Decanedioate
Diphenyl Phosphorazidate
Hexafluoroacetone
Hexamethyl Dewar Benzene
Methyl Diformylacetate
Preparation of Low-Halide Methyllithium
2-Nitropropene
Cyanic Acid Esters from Phenols: Phenyl Cyanate
Ricinelaidic Acid Lactone
Trifluoroacetyl Triflate
Type of Reaction
Index
Type of Compound
Formula
Author Index
General Index
Hazard
Concordance
[The numbers in parentheses refer to the annual volume (in boldface type) and page number where each procedure first appeared]Acylamidoalkyl Acetophenones from Substituted Phenethylamines: 2-(2-Acetamidoethyl)-4,5-dimethoxyacetophenone ... (56, 3)
Thiol Protection with the Acetamidomethyl Group: S-Acetamidomethyl-l-cysteine Hydrochloride ... (59, 190)
Acetic Formic Anhydride ... (50, 1)
Acetone Hydrazone ... (50, 3)
Preparation of Hydrazones: Acetophenone Hydrazone ... (50, 102)
Preparation of N-Aminoaziridines: trans-1-Amino-2,3-diphenylaziridine, 1-Amino-2-phenylaziridine, and 1-Amino-2-phenylaziridinium Acetate ... (55, 114)
Reduction of Ketones by Use of the Tosylhydrazone Derivatives: Androstan-17beta;-Ol ... (52, 122)
Aldehydes from 4,4-Dimethyl-2-oxazoline and Grignard Reagents: o-Anisaldehyde ... (54, 42)[18]
Annulene ... (54, 1)
Azetidine ... (53, 13)
Azoethane ... (52, 11)
Diels-Alder Addition of Perchlorobenzyne: Benzobarrelene ... (59, 71)
Benzocyclopropene ... (55, 12)
alpha;-Chlorination of Carboxylic Acids Mediated by Chlorosulfonic Acid: phis;-Benzoylamino-alpha;-chlorocaproic Acid ... (59, 20)
1-N-Acylamino-1,3-dienes from 2,4-pentadienoic Acids by the Curtius Rearrangement: Benzyl trans-1,3-Butadiene-1-carbamate ... (59, 1)
Benzyl Chloromethyl Ether ... (52, 16)
1-Benzylindole ... (54, 58)
N-Alkylindoles from the Alkylation of Sodium Indolide in Hexamethylphosphoric Triamide: 1-Benzylindole ... (54, 60)
3-Alkylated and 3-Acylated Indoles from a Common Precursor: 3-Benzylindole and 3-Benzoylindole ... (56, 8)
Alkylation of Isoquinolines via 2-Benzoyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinaldonitriles: 1-Benzylisoquinoline ... (56, 19)
The Formation and Alkylation of Specific Enolate Anions from an Unsymmetrical Ketone: 2-Benzyl-2-methylcyclohexanone and 2-Benzyl-6-methylcyclohexanone ... (52, 39)
Sulfide Synthesis: Benzyl Sulfide ... (58, 138)
Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane ... (51, 55)
Boranes in Functionalization of Dienes to Cyclic Ketones: Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one ... (58, 24)
Bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-one ... (51, 60)
Bicyclo[2.1.0]pent-2-ene ... (55, 15)
Dehydroxylation of Phenols; Hydrogenolysis of Phenolic Ethers: Biphenyl ... (51, 82)
Acyloin Condensation in which Chlorotrimethylsilane is Used as a Trapping Agent: 1,2-Bis(trimethylsilyloxy)cyclobutene and 2-Hydroxycyclobutanone ... (57, 1)
2-Bornene ... (51, 66)
Selective alpha;-Bromination of an Aralkyl Ketone with Phenyltrimethylammonium Tribromide: 2-Bromoacetyl-6-methoxynaphthalene and 2,2-Dibromoacetyl-6-methoxynaphthalene ... (53, 111)
International Energy Agency action on climate change issues M.A. Preville and H.J. Koch (France) 1
Plenary Lecture
Japan's basic strategy concerning countermeasures to mitigate climate change T. Namiki (Japan) 9
Research and development on new synthetic routes for basic chemicals by catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 H. Arakawa (Japan) 19
New approaches in CO2 reduction A. Fujishima, D.A. Tryk and T.N. Rao (Japan) 31
Development of electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction using polydentate ligands to probe structure-activity relationships D.L. DuBois (USA) 43
Carbon dioxide and microalgae N. Kurano, T. Sasaki and S. Miyachi (Japan) 55
Perspectives of carbon dioxide utilization in the synthesis of chemicals. coupling chemistry with biotechnology. M. Aresta (Italy) 65
Keynote Lecture
Scope of studies on CO2 mitigation K. Yamada (Japan) 77
Hydrogenation of CO2 toward methanol Influence of the catalysts composition and preparation on the catalytic behavior R. Kieffer and L. Udron (France) 87
Photochemical carbon dioxide reduction with metal complexes: Differences between cobalt and nickel macrocycles E. Fujita, B.S. Brunschwig, D. Cabelli, M.W. Renner, L.R. Furenlid, T. Ogata, Y. Wada and S. Yanagida (USA) 97
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 at metallic electrodes J. Augustynski, P. Kedzierzawski and B. Jermann (Switzerland) 107
Super-RuBisCO: Improvement of photosynthetic performances of plants A. Yokota (Japan) 117
Organometallic reactions with CO2 - Catalyst design and mechanisms E. Dinjus (Germany) 127
Oral Presentation
Catalytic fixation of CO2: CO2 purity and H2 supply J.N. Armor (USA) 141
Reduction of carbon dioxide to graphite carbon via methane by catalytic fixation with membrane reactor H. Nishiguchi, A. Fukunaga, Y. Miyashita, T. Ishihara and Y. Takita (Japan) 147
Catalytic reaction of CO2 with C2H4 on supported Pt-Sn bimetallic catalysts J. Llorca, P. Ramirez de la Piscina, J. Sales and H. Homs (Spain) 153
Initial transient rates and selectivities of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis with CO2 as carbon source H. Schulz, G. Schaub, M. Claeys, T. Riedel and S. Walter (Germany) 159
Palladium-catalyzed carboxylation of allyl stannanes and carboylative coupling of allyl stannanes and allyl halides M. Shi, R. Franks and K.N. Nicholas (USA) 165
Interaction between CO2 and propylene on Ru-Co/Al2O3-catalysts of cluster type G.D. Zakumbaeva, L.B. Shapovalova and I.A. Shlygina (Kazakhstan) 171
Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O on titanium oxides anchored within zeolites M. Anpo, H. Yamashita, K. Ikeue, Y. Fujii, Y. Ichihashi (Japan), S.G. Zhang, D.R. Park (Korea), S. Ehara (Japan), S.-E. Park, J.-S. Chang and J.W. Yoo (Korea) 177
Photocatalytic reduction and fixation of CO2 on cadmium sulfide nanocrystallites S. Yanagida, Y. Wada, K. Murakoshi, H. Fujiwara, T. Sakata and H. Mori (Japan) 183
Abiotic photosynthesis of amino acids, nucleic acid bases and organic acids from CO2 dissolved in aqueous solution S. Kihara, K. Maeda, T. Hori and T. Fujinaga (Japan) 189
Aspects of CO2 utilization toward the goal of emission reduction in Romania L. Dragos, N. Scarlat, M. Neacsu and C. Flueraru (Romania) 195
CO2 capture and utilization for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and underground storage A case study in JiLin Oil Field, China G. Yun, D. Liu, T. Wu, J. Wu, X. Ji and Z. Li (China) 201
Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to worthier compounds on a functional dual-film electrode with a solar cell as the energy source K. Ogura, M. Yamada, M. Nakayama and N. Endo (Japan) 207
Incorporation of CO2 into organic perfluoroalkyl derivatives by electrochemical methods E. Chiozza, M. Desigaud, J. Greiner and E. Dunach (France) 213
Molecular tailoring of organometallic polymers for efficient catalytic CO2 reduction: mode of formation of the active species R. Ziessel (France) 219
Electroreduction of CO2 using Cu/Zn oxides loaded gas diffusion electrodes S. Ikeda, S. Shiozaki, J. Susuki, K. Ito and H. Noda (Japan) 225
Recent slow rate of CO2 increase and vegetation activity K. Kawahira and Y. Maeda (Japan) 231
Production of PHA (poly hydroxyalkanoate) by genetically engineered marine cyanobacterium H. Miyasaka, H. Nakano, H. Akiyama, S. Kanai and M. Hirano (Japan) 237
Cellulose as a biological sink of CO2 T. Hayashi, Y. Ihara, T. Nakai, T. Takeda and R. Tominaga (Japan) 243
Possibility of molecular protection of photosynthesis under salinity stress F. Sato, Y. Arata, K. Matsuguma, M. Shiga, Y. Kanda, K. Ifuku, K. Ishikawa and T. Yoshida (Japan) 249
Organometallic CO2 complexes in supercritical CO2: a time-resolved infrared study M.W. George, D.C. Grills, X-Z. Sun and M. Poliakoff (UK) 255
Methanation of carbon dioxide on catalysts derived from amorphous Ni-Zr-rare earth element alloys H. Habazaki, T. Yoshida, M. Yamasaki, M. Komori, K. Shimamura, E. Akiyama, A. Kawashima and K. Hashimoto (Japan) 261
Development of high performance Raney copper-based catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 J. Toyir, M. Saito, I. Yamauchi, S. Luo, J. Wu, I. Takahara and M. Takeuchi (Japan) 267
Global carbon-recycling energy delivery system for CO2 mitigation (I) Carbon one-time recycle system towards carbon multi-recycle system H. Sano, Y. Tamaura, H. Amano and M. Tsuji (Japan) 273
Oil extraction by highly pressurized CO2 produced in zero emission power plants Ph. Mathieu, E. Iantovski and V. Kushnirov (Belgium) 279
Global carbon-recycling energy delivery system for CO2 mitigation (III) Fossil/solar energy hybridization system for utilization of Carbon as solar energy carrier Y. Tamaura, M. Tsuji, H. Amano and H. Sano (Japan) 285
Review of measures to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions in the Slovak Republic and modes of utilization A. Moncmanova (Slovak Republic) 291
Proposal of a new high-efficient gas turbine power generation system utilizing waste heat from factories P.S. Pak, H. Ueda and Y. Suzuki (Japan) 297
Acetogenesis and the primary structure of the NADP-dependent formate dehydrogenase of Clostridium thermoaceticum, a tungsten-selenium-iron protein D.J. Gollin, X.-L. Li, S.-M. Liu and L.G. Ljungdahl (USA) 303
Biochemical CO2 fixation by mimicking zinc (II) complex for active site of carbonic anhydrase K. Ichikawa, K. Nakata, M. Ibrahim and S. Kawabata (Japan) 309
The biological CO2 fixation using Chlorella sp. with high capability in fixing CO2 M. Murakami, F. Yamada, T. Nishide, T. Muranaka, N. Yamaguchi and Y. Takimoto (Japan) 315
Photobiological production of hydrogen gas Y. Asada (Japan) 321
Hydrocarbon synthesis from CO2 over composite catalysts Y. Souma, M. Fujiwara, R. Kieffer, H. Ando and Q. Xu (Japan) 327
CO2 for petrochemicals feedstock. Conversion to synthesis gas on metal supported catalysts. P. Gronchi, P. Centola and R. Del Rosso (Italy) 333
Iron catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation to liquid hydrocarbons R.A. Fiato, E. Iglesia, G.W. Rice and S.L. Soled (USA) 339
Support effects of the promoted and unpromoted iron catalysts in CO2 hydrogenation K.-W. Jun, S.-J. Lee, H. Kim, M.-J. Choi and K.-W. Lee (Korea) 345
Methanol synthesis from CO2/H2 over Pd promoted Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts M. Sahibzada, I.S. Metcalfe and D. Chadwick (UK) 351
A 50Kg/day class test plant for methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 K. Ushikoshi, K. Mori, T. Watanabe, M. Takeuchi and M. Saito (Japan) 357
Poster Presentation
Comparison of CO2 sources for the synthesis of renewable methanol M. Specht, A. Bandi, M. Elser and F. Staiss (Germany) 363
Characteristics and economics assessment of power generation systems utilizing solar energy in various regions T. Kosugi, P.S. Pak and Y. Suzuki (Japan) 367
Solar/chemical energy hybridization via Boudouard reaction H. Ono, M. Kawabe, M. Nezuka, M. Tsuji and Y. Tamaura (Japan) 371
Development of active and stable nickel-magnesia solid solution catalysts for CO2 reforming of methane K. Tomishige, Y. Chen, X. Li, K. Yokoyama, Y. Sone, O. Yamazaki and K. Fujimoto (Japan) 375
Global carbon-recycling energy delivery system for CO2 mitigation (II) Two possible ways for introducing solar energy M. Tsuji, H. Amano, Y. Tamaura, H. Sano and S. Maezawa (Japan) 379
Efficient thermochemical cycle for CO2 reduction with coal using a reactive redox system of ferrite T. Kodama, A. Aoki, S. Miura and Y. Kitayama (Japan) 383
Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene with carbon dioxide over ZSM-5-supported iron oxide catalysts J.-S. Chang, S.-E. Park, W.Y. Kim (Korea) M. Anpo and H. Yamashita (Japan) 387
Nature of CO2 adsorbed on MgO surface at low temperatures T. Ito, H. Isawa, H. Kishimoto, H. Kobayashi and K. Toi (Japan) 391
CO2 behavior on supported KNiCa catalyst in the carbon dioxide reforming of methane S.-E. Park, J.-S. Chang, H.-S. Roh (Korea), M. Anpo and H. Yamashita (Japan) 395
Utilization of CO2 in the reforming of natural gas on carbon supported ruthenium catalysts. Influence of MgO addition P. Ferreira-Aparicio, B. Bachiller-Baeza, A. Guerrero-Ruiz and I. Rodriguez-Ramos (Spain) 399
Catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to polymer blends via cyclic carbonates D.W. Park, J.Y. Moon, J.G. Yang, S.M. Jung, J.K. Lee and C.S Ha (Korea) 403
The selective synthesis of lower olefins (C2-C4) by the CO2 hydrogenation over Iron catalysts promoted with Potassium and supported on ion exchanged (H,K) Zeolite-Y H. Kim, D.-H. Choi, S.-S. Nam, M.-J. Choi and K.-W. Lee (Korea) 407
Hydrogenation of carbon dioxide over rhodium catalyst supported on silica M. Kishida, K. Onoue, S. Tashiro, H. Nagata and K. Wakabayashi (Japan) 411
Dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene over iron oxide-based catalyst in the presence of carbon dioxide N. Mimura, I. Takahara, M. Saito, T. Hattori, K. Ohkuma and M. Ando (Japan) 415
Promoting effects of CO2 on dehydrogenation of propane over a SiO2-supported Cr2O3 catalyst I. Takahara, W.-C. Chang, N. Mimura and M. Saito (Japan) 419
Hydrogenation of carbon dioxide over Fe-Cu-Na/zeolite composite catalysts Q. Xu, D. He, M. Fujiwara, M. Tanaka, Y. Matsumura, Y. Souma, H. Ando and H. Yamanaka (Japan) 423
Fe promoted Cu-based catalysts for hydrogenation of CO2 N. Nomura, T. Tagawa and S. Goto (Japan) 427
The effect of rhodium precursor on ethanol synthesis by catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide over silica supported rhodium catalysts H. Kusama, K. Okabe, K. Sayama and H. Arakawa (Japan) 431
Selective formation of iso-butane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen over composite catalysts Y. Tan, M. Fujiwara, H. Ando, Q. Xu and Y. Souma (Japan) 435
Vanadium-catalyzed acetic acid synthesis from methane and carbon dioxide Y. Taniguchi, T. Hayashida, T. Kitamura and Y. Fujiwara (Japan) 439
Fuels and petrochemicals from CO2 via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis - steady state catalyst activity and selectivity T. Riedel, S. Walter, M. Claeys, H. Schulz and G. Schaub (Germany) 443
Effective conversion of CO2 to methanol and dimethyl ether over hybrid catalysts K.-W. Jun, M.-H. Jung, K.S. Rama Rao, M.-J. Choi and K.-W. Lee (Korea) 447
Characterization of CO2 methanation catalysts prepared from amorphous Ni-Zr and Ni-Zr-rare earth element alloys M. Yamasaki, H. Habazaki, T. Yoshida, M. Komori, K. Shimamura, E. Akiyama, A. Kawashima, K. Asami and K. Hashimoto (Japan) 451
Hydrogenation of CO2 over Rh ion exchanged zeolite catalysts K.K. Bando, K. Soga, K. Kunimori, N. Ichikuni, K. Asakura, K. Okabe, H. Kusama, K. Sayama and H. Arakawa (Japan) 455
Interconversion of Ru-Co and Ru-η1-CO2 through reversible oxide transfer reaction K. Tsuge, K. Tanaka and H. Nakajima (Japan) 459
Physiological properties of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from Rhodopseudomonas sp No. 7 T. Fujii, M. Sadaie, M. Saijou, T. Nagano, T. Suzuki, M. Ohtani and H. Shinoyama (Japan) 463
Production of alkane and alkene from CO2 by a petroleum-degrading bacterium strain HD-1 M. Morikawa, T. Iwasa, K. Nagahisa, S. Yanagida and T. Imanaka (Japan) 467
Cultivation of cyanobacterium in various types of photobioreactors for biological CO2 fixation I.S. Suh, C.B. Park, J.-K. Han and S.B. Lee (Korea) 471
Application of photosynthetic bacteria for porphyrin production H. Yamagata, R. Matoba, T. Fujii and H. Yukawa (Japan) 475
Utilization of micro-algae for building materials after CO2 fixation T. Otsuki, M. Yamashita, T. Hirotsu, H. Kabeya and R. Kitagawa (Japan) 479
Photosynthetic CO2 fixation performance by a helical tubular photobioreactor incorporating Chlorella sp. under outdoor culture conditions Y. Watanabe, M. Morita and H. Saiki (Japan) 483
Carboxylation reaction with carbon dioxide. Mechanistec studies on the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction. Y. Kosugi and K. Takahashi (Japan) 487
From carbon dioxide to C2 organic molecules mediated by Aresta's nickel carbon dioxide complex J.K. Gong, C.A. Wright, M. Thorn, K. McCauley, J.W. McGill, A. Sutterer, S.M. Hinze and R.B. Prince (USA) 491
Methanol homologation using carbon dioxide catalyzed by ruthenium-cobalt bimetallic complex system K. Tominaga, Y. Sasaki, T. Watanabe and M. Saito (Japan) 495
Atmospheric CO2 fixation by dinuclear Ni(II) complex, [TRANi(II)(μ-OH)2Ni(II)TPA](ClO4)2 (TPA=Trist(pyridymethyl)amine) M. Ito, T. Ishihara and Y. Takita (Japan) 499
Carbon dioxide fixation with lanthanoid complex S. Inoue, H. Sugimoto, N. Ishida and T. Shima (Japan) 503
A study on methanol synthesis through CO2 hydrogenation over copper-based catalysts S.-K. Ihm, Y.-K. Park, J.-K. Jeon, K.-C. Park and D.-K. Lee (Korea) 505
Mechanistic studies of methanol synthesis from CO2/H2 on Cu/ZnO/SiO2 catalyst D.-K. Lee, D.-S. Kim, C.M. Yoo, C.-S. Lee and I.-C. Cho (Korea) 509
Highly effective synthesis of ethanol from CO2 on Fe, Cu-based novel catalysts T. Yamamoto and T. Inui (Japan) 513
A study for the durability of catalysts in ethaol synthesis by hydrogenation of carbon dioxide K. Higuchi, Y. Haneda, K. Tabata, Y. Nakahara and M. Takagawa (Japan) 517
Development of stable catalysts for liquid-phase methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 H. Mabuse, T. Watanabe and M. Saito (Japan) 521
Ethanol synthesis from carbon dioxide and hydrogen M. Takagawa, A. Okamoto, H. Fujimura, Y. Izawa and H. Arakawa (Japan) 525
New preparation method of Cu/ZnO catalysts for methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide hydrogenation by mechanical alloying H. Fukui, M. Kobayashi, T. Yamaguchi, H. Kusama, K. Sayama, K. Okabe and H. Arakawa (Japan) 529
Promoting effect of calcium addition to Pd/SiO2 catalysts in CO2 hydrogenation to methanol A. L. Bonivardi, D.L. Chiavassa and M.A. Baltanas (Argentina) 533
Direct synthesis of gasoline from carbon dioxide via methanol as the intermediate H. Hara, T. Takeguchi and T. Inui (Japan) 537
Comparison of CO2 hydrogenation in a catalytic reactor and in a dielecric-barrier discharge A. Bill, B. Eliasson, U. Kogelschatz and L.-M. Zhou (Switzerland) 541
Methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide on CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 catalysts M. Hirano, T. Akano, T. Imai and K. Kuroda (Japan) 545
Optimization of preparation conditions and improvement of stability of Cu/ZnO-based multicomponent catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 S. Luo, J. Wu, J. Toyir, M. Saito, M. Takeuchi and T. Watanabe (Japan) 549
Effect of solvents on photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide using semiconductor photocatalysts T. Torimoto, B.-J. Liu and H. Yoneyama (Japan) 553
Application of electrospray mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography in the elucidation of photocatalytic CO2-fixation reactions H. Hori, J. Ishihara, M. Ishizuka, K. Koike, K. Takeuchi, T. Ibusuki and O. Ishitani (Japan) 557
Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O on Ti/Si binary oxide catalysts prepared by the solgel method H. Yamashita, S. Kawasaki, M. Takeuchi, Y. Fujii, Y. Ichihashi, Y. Suzuki (Japan), S.-E. Park, J.-S. Chang, J.W. Yoo (Korea) and M. Anpo (Japan) 561
Photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2 at a metal-particle modified p-Si electrode in nonaqueous solutions Y. Nakamura, R. Hinogami, S. Yae and Y. Nakato (Japan) 565
Infrared spectroscopic study of CO2 and CO reduction at metal electrodes O. Koga, T. Matsuo, H. Yamazaki and Y. Hori (Japan) 569
Influence of anions on the production efficiency in pulsed electroreduction of CO2 on metal and alloy electrodes R. Shiratsuchi, S. Ishimaru and G. Nogami (Japan) 573
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 by using metal supported gas diffusion electrode under high pressure K. Hara, N. Sonoyama and T. Sakata (Japan) 577
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide at a platinum electrode in acetonitrile-water mixtures Y. Tomita and Y. Hori (Japan) 581
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 in micropores T. Yamamoto, D.A. Tryk, K. Hashimoto, A. Fujishima and M. Okawa (Japan) 585
Photoelectrochemical reduction of highly concentrated CO2 in methanol solution K. Hirota, D.A. Tryk, K. Hashimoto, M. Okawa and A. Fujishima (Japan) 589
Studies on CO2 fixation in PNSB: Utilization of waste as the additional source of carbon for CO2 fixation by PNSB V. Brenner, M. Inui, N. Nonoura, K. Momma and H. Yukawa (Japan) 593
Studies on CO2 fixation in PNSB: Analysis of CO2 metabolism in purple non-sulfur bacteria M. Inui, J.H. Roh, K. Momma and H. Yukawa (Japan) 597
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from Escherichia Coli H. Matsumura, T. Nagata, T. Inoue, Y. Nagara, T. Yoshinaga, K. Izui and Y. Kai (Japan) 601
Molecular characterization of recombinant phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from an extreme thermophile T. Nakamura and K. Izui (Japan) 605
Revertant of no-active RuBisCo tobacco mutant, Sp25, obtained by chloroplast transformation method using microprojectile bombardment K. Tomizawa, T. Shikanai, A. Shimoide, C.H. Foyer and A. Yokota (Japan) 609
Reductive TCA cycle in an aerobic bacterium Hydrogenobacter thermophilus strain TK-6 M. Ishii, K. Yoon, Y. Ueda, T. Ochiai, N. Yun, S. Takishita, T. Kodama and Y. Igarashi (Japan) 613
Carbon dioxide fixation and biomass production with blue-green algae Spirulina platensis S. Hirata and M. Hayashitani (Japan) 617
Chitosan-calcium carbonate composites: Biomimetic mineralization of aqueous carbonate ions into chitosan-calcium alginate hydrogels S. Hirano, K. Yamamoto, H. Inui, K.I. Draget, K.M. Varum and O. Smidsrod (Japan) 621
Tolerance of a green alga, Scenedesmus komarekii, to environmental extremes N. Hanagata, R. Matsukawa, M. Chihara and I. Karube (Japan) 625
Over-expressed effect of carbonic anhydrase on CO2 fixation in cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. PCC7942 M. Murakami, N. Yamaguchi, T. Nishide, T. Muranaka and Y. Takimoto (Japan) 629
CO2 removal by a bioreactor with photosynthetic algae using solar-collecting and light-diffusing optical devices M. Nanba and M. Kawata (Japan) 633
Isolation and characterization of a green alga Neochloris sp. for CO2 fixation M. Kawata, M. Nanba, R. Matsukawa, M. Chihara and I. Karube (Japan) 637
Antioxidant activity of CO2 fixing microalgae R. Matsukawa, Y. Wada, N. Tan, N. Sakai, M. Chihara and I. Karube (Japan) 641
Screening of polysaccharide-producing microalgae Y. Shishido, M. Kawata, R. Matsukawa, M. Chihara and I. Karube (Japan) 645
A marine microalga utilization for a paper: Semi-batch cultivation of Tetraselmis sp. Tt-1 by a tubular bioreactor and the partial substitution of whole kenaf pulp for a paper Y. Samejima, A. Hirano, K. Hon-Nami, S. Kunito, K. Masuda, M. Hasuike, Y. Tsuyu and Y. Ogushi (Japan) 649
Conversion of CO2 into cellulose by gene manipulation of microalgae: Cloning of cellulose synthase genes from Acetobacter xylinum Y. Umeda, A. Hirano, K. Hon-Nami, S. Kunito, H. Akiyama, T. Onizuka, M. Ikeuchi and Y. Inoue (Japan) 653
Ethanol production from carbon dioxide by fermentative microalgae S. Hirayama, R. Ueda, Y. Ogushi, A. Hirano, Y. Samejima, K. Hon-Nami and S. Kunito (Japan) 657
Production of polyethylene glycol and polyoxyalkylenealkylphenyl ether microspheres using supercritical carbon dioxide K. Mishima, K. Matsuyama, Y. Taruta, M. Ezawa, Y. Ito and M. Nagatani (Japan) 661
Carbon dioxide separation from nitrogen using Y-type zeolite membranes S. Morooka, T. Kuroda and K. Kusakabe (Japan) 665
Comparative Study of various amines for the reversible absorption capacity of carbon dioxide Y. Nagao, A. Hayakawa, H. Suzuki, S. Mitsuoka, T. Iwaki, T. Mimura and T. Suda (Japan) 669
Kinetic analysis of CO2 recovery from flue gas by an ecotechnological system M. Tabata, T. Chohji and E. Hirai (Japan) 673
Formation of peroxocarbonates from L3Rh(O2)Cl and L2Ni(CO2): a unique reaction mechanism with carbon dioxide insertion into the O-O bond M. Aresta, E. Quaranta, I. Tommasi, J. Mascetti, M. Tranquille and M. Borowiak (Italy) 677
Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society , New York, N.Y. : American Institute of Physics for the National Bureau of Standards, c1982 iii, 392 p. ; 30 cm