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図書

1. Bionanodesign : following nature's touch

Maxim Ryadnov

出版情報:	Cambridge : RSC Publishing, c2009 ix, 238 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名:	RSC nanoscience & nanotechnology ; no.7
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Introductory Notes / Chapter 1：

Inspiring Hierarchical / 1.1：

Encoding Instructive / 1.2：

Starting Lowest / 1.3：

Picturing Biological / 1.4：

References

Recycling Hereditary / Chapter 2：

Coding Dual / 2.1：

Deoxyribonucleic / 2.1.1：

Building up in Two / 2.1.1.1：

Keeping in Shape / 2.1.1.2：

Priming Topological / 2.1.2：

Resequencing Basic / 2.1.2.1：

Choosing the Fittest / 2.1.2.1.1：

Evolving Diverse / 2.1.2.1.2：

Primary Motifs / 2.1.2.2：

Gluing Universal / 2.1.2.2.1：

Alienating Axial / 2.1.2.2.2：

Fixing Spatial / 2.2：

Hinting Geometric: Secondary Motifs / 2.2.1：

Crossing Double / 2.2.1.1：

Reporting Visible / 2.2.1.1.1：

Translating Symmetrical / 2.2.1.1.2：

Extending Cohesive / 2.2.1.2：

Sharing Mutual / 2.2.1.2.1：

Multiplying Traversal / 2.2.1.2.2：

Tiling Square / 2.2.1.2.3：

Scaffolding Algorithmic / 2.3：

Pursuing Autonomous / 2.3.1：

Lengthening to Shorten / 2.3.1.1：

Gathering to Limit / 2.3.1.2：

Assigning Arbitrary / 2.3.2：

Synchronising Local / 2.3.2.1：

Prescribing General / 2.3.2.2：

Adding up to Third / 2.3.3：

Wrapping to Shut / 2.3.3.1：

Framing to Classify / 2.3.3.2：

Outlook / 2.4：

Recaging Within / Chapter 3：

Enclosing to Deliver / 3.1：

Transporting Foreign / 3.1.1：

Fitting Flat and Straight / 3.1.1.1：

Spiralling Along / 3.1.1.2：

Packing Out and In / 3.1.2：

Spooling Around / 3.1.2.1：

Tunnelling Through

Escaping Walled / 3.1.3：

Capturing On and Off / 3.1.3.1：

Storing Exchangeable / 3.1.3.2：

Reacting Nano / 3.2：

Clustering Spherical / 3.2.1：

Contriving Consistent / 3.2.1.1：

Scaling Hosting / 3.2.1.2：

Following Linear / 3.2.2：

Channelling Inner

Converting Outer

Repairing from Inside / 3.3：

Uninviting Levy / 3.3.1：

Necessitating Exterior / 3.3.2：

Antagonising Dressing / 3.3.2.1：

Renting Occasional / 3.3.2.1.2：

Phasing West / 3.3.2.2：

Facing Concentric / 3.3.2.2.1：

Encircling Between / 3.3.2.2.2：

Singling Out Unique / 3.3.2.2.3：

Sharing the Balance / 3.3.3：

Driving Symmetrical / 3.3.3.1：

Sealing Annular / 3.3.3.2：

Reassembling Multiple / 3.4：

Keeping All in Touch / 4.1：

Unravelling the Essential / 4.1.1：

Winding Three in One / 4.1.1.1：

Aligning Stagger / 4.1.1.2：

Tapering Polar / 4.1.1.3：

Branching and Stretching / 4.1.1.4：

Replicating Apparent / 4.1.2：

Scraping Refusal / 4.1.2.1：

Tempting Compatible / 4.1.2.2：

Likening Synthetic / 4.1.2.3：

Recovering Intelligent / 4.1.2.4：

Restoring Available / 4.2：

Prompting Longitudinal / 4.2.1：

Invoking Granted / 4.2.1.1：

Reposing Modular / 4.3：

Displacing Coil / 4.3.1：

Settling Lateral / 4.3.2：

Bundling Exclusive / 4.3.2.1：

Permitting Distinctive / 4.3.2.2：

Inviting Captive / 4.3.2.3：

Clearing Limiting / 4.3.3：

Equilibrating Transitional / 4.3.3.1：

Extracting Minimal / 4.3.3.2：

Gambling Beyond / 4.4：

Guiding Proliferative / 4.4.1：

Feeding Proximate / 4.4.1.1：

Rooting Renewal / 4.4.1.2：

Accepting Inescapable / 4.4.2：

Patterning Positional / 4.4.2.1：

Relating Interfacial / 4.4.2.2：

Grafting Integral / 4.4.2.3：

Concluding Remarks / 4.5：

Learning Fluent / 5.1：

Parsing Semantic / 5.2：

Drawing Pragmatic / 5.3：

Revealing Contributory / Chapter 6：

Subject Index

Introductory Notes / Chapter 1：

Inspiring Hierarchical / 1.1：

Encoding Instructive / 1.2：

図書

2. Enzyme kinetics : principles and methods. 2nd, revised and update ed

Hans Bisswanger

出版情報:	Weinheim : WILEY-VCH, c2008 xviii, 301 p. ; 25 cm
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Preface to the Second English Edition

Preface to the First English Edition

Symbols and Abbreviations

Introduction and Definitions

References

Multiple Equilibria / 1：

Diffusion / 1.1：

Interaction between Macromolecules and Ligands / 1.2：

Binding Constants / 1.2.1：

Macromolecules with One Binding Site / 1.2.2：

Macromolecules with Identical Independent Binding Sites / 1.3：

General Binding Equation / 1.3.1：

Graphic Representations of the Binding Equation / 1.3.2：

Direct and Linear Diagrams / 1.3.2.1：

Analysis of Binding Data from Spectroscopic Titrations / 1.3.2.2：

Binding of Different Ligands, Competition / 1.3.3：

Non-competitive Binding / 1.3.4：

Macromolecules with Non-identical, Independent Binding Sites / 1.4：

Macromolecules with Identical, Interacting Binding Sites, Cooperativity / 1.5：

The Hill Equation / 1.5.1：

The Adair Equation / 1.5.2：

The Pauling Model / 1.5.3：

Allosteric Enzymes / 1.5.4：

The Symmetry or Concerted Model / 1.5.5：

The Sequential Model and Negative Cooperativity / 1.5.6：

Analysis of Cooperativity / 1.5.7：

Physiological Aspects of Cooperativity / 1.5.8：

Examples of Allosteric Enzymes / 1.5.9：

Hemoglobin / 1.5.9.1：

Aspartate Transcarbamoylase / 1.5.9.2：

Aspartokinase / 1.5.9.3：

Phosphofructokinase / 1.5.9.4：

Allosteric Regulation of the Glycogen Metabolism / 1.5.9.5：

Membrane Bound Enzymes and Receptors / 1.5.9.6：

Non-identical, Interacting Binding Sites / 1.6：

Enzyme Kinetics / 2：

Reaction Order / 2.1：

First Order Reactions / 2.1.1：

Second Order Reactions / 2.1.2：

Zero Order Reactions / 2.1.3：

Steady-State Kinetics and the Michaelis-Menten Equation / 2.2：

Derivation of the Michaelis-Menten Equation / 2.2.1：

Analysis of Enzyme Kinetic Data / 2.3：

Graphical Representations of the Michaelis-Menten Equation / 2.3.1：

Direct and Semi-logarithmic Representations / 2.3.1.1：

Direct Linear Plots / 2.3.1.2：

Linearization Methods / 2.3.1.3：

Analysis of Progress Curves / 2.3.2：

Integrated Michaelis-Menten Equation / 2.3.2.1：

Determination of Reaction Rates / 2.3.2.2：

Graphic Methods for Rate Determination / 2.3.2.3：

Graphic Determination of True Initial Rates / 2.3.2.4：

Reversible Enzyme Reactions / 2.4：

Rate Equation for Reversible Enzyme Reactions / 2.4.1：

The Haldane Relationship / 2.4.2：

Product Inhibition / 2.4.3：

Enzyme Inhibition / 2.5：

Unspecific Enzyme Inhibition / 2.5.1：

Irreversible Enzyme Inhibition / 2.5.2：

General Features of Irreversible Enzyme Inhibition / 2.5.2.1：

Suicide Substrates / 2.5.2.2：

Transition State Analogs / 2.5.2.3：

Analysis of Irreversible Inhibitions / 2.5.2.4：

Reversible Enzyme Inhibition / 2.5.3：

General Rate Equation / 2.5.3.1：

Non-Competitive Inhibition and Graphic Representation of Inhibition Data / 2.5.3.2：

Competitive Inhibition / 2.5.3.3：

Uncompetitive Inhibition / 2.5.3.4：

Partially Non-competitive Inhibition / 2.5.3.5：

Partially Uncompetitive Inhibition / 2.5.3.6：

Partially Competitive Inhibition / 2.5.3.7：

Noncompetitive and Uncompetitive Product Inhibition / 2.5.3.8：

Substrate Inhibition / 2.5.3.9：

Enzyme Reactions with Two Competing Substrates / 2.5.4：

Different Enzymes Catalyzing the Same Reaction / 2.5.5：

Multi-substrate Reactions / 2.6：

Nomenclature / 2.6.1：

Random Mechanism / 2.6.2：

Ordered Mechanism / 2.6.3：

Ping-pong Mechanism / 2.6.4：

Product Inhibition in Multi-substrate Reactions / 2.6.5：

Haldane Relationships in Multi-substrate Reactions / 2.6.6：

Mechanisms with more than Two Substrates / 2.6.7：

Other Nomenclatures for Multi-substrate Reactions / 2.6.8：

Derivation of Rate Equations of Complex Enzyme Mechanisms / 2.7：

King-Altmann Method / 2.7.1：

Simplified Derivations Applying Graph Theory / 2.7.2：

Combination of Equilibrium and Steady State Approach / 2.7.3：

Kinetic Treatment of Allosteric Enzymes / 2.8：

Hysteretic Enzymes / 2.8.1：

Kinetic Cooperativity, the Slow Transition Model / 2.8.2：

pH and Temperature Dependence of Enzymes / 2.9：

pH Optimum and Determination of pK Values / 2.9.1：

pH Stability / 2.9.2：

Temperature Dependence / 2.9.3：

Isotope Exchange / 2.10：

Isotope Exchange Kinetics / 2.10.1：

Isotope Effects / 2.10.2：

Primary Kinetic Isotope Effect / 2.10.2.1：

Influence of the Kinetic Isotope Effect on V and Km / 2.10.2.2：

Other Isotope Effects / 2.10.2.3：

Special Enzyme Mechanisms / 2.11：

Ribozymes / 2.11.1：

Polymer Substrates / 2.11.2：

Kinetics of Immobilized Enzymes / 2.11.3：

External Diffusion Limitation / 2.11.3.1：

Internal Diffusion Limitation / 2.11.3.2：

Inhibition of Immobilized Enzymes / 2.11.3.3：

pH and Temperature Behavior of Immobilized Enzymes / 2.11.3.4：

Transport Processes / 2.11.4：

Enzyme Reactions at Membrane Interfaces / 2.11.5：

Application of Statistical Methods in Enzyme Kinetics / 2.12：

General Remarks / 2.12.1：

Statistical Terms Used in Enzyme Kinetics / 2.12.2：

Methods / 3：

Methods for Investigation of Multiple Equilibria / 3.1：

Equilibrium Dialysis and General Aspects of Binding Measurements / 3.1.1：

Equilibrium Dialysis / 3.1.1.1：

Control Experiments and Sources of Error / 3.1.1.2：

Continuous Equilibrium Dialysis / 3.1.1.3：

Ultrafiltration / 3.1.2：

Gel Filtration / 3.1.3：

Batch Method / 3.1.3.1：

The Method of Hummel and Dreyer / 3.1.3.2：

Other Gel Filtration Methods / 3.1.3.3：

Ultracentrifugation / 3.1.4：

Fixed Angle Ultracentrifugation Methods / 3.1.4.1：

Sucrose Gradient Centrifugation / 3.1.4.2：

Surface Plasmon Resonance / 3.1.5：

Electrochemical Methods / 3.2：

The Oxygen Electrode / 3.2.1：

The CO2 Electrode / 3.2.2：

Potentiometry, Redox Potentials / 3.2.3：

The pH-stat / 3.2.4：

Polarography / 3.2.5：

Calorimetry / 3.3：

Spectroscopic Methods / 3.4：

Absorption Spectroscopy / 3.4.1：

The Lambert-Beer Law / 3.4.1.1：

Spectral Properties of Enzymes and Ligands / 3.4.1.2：

Structure of Spectrophotometers / 3.4.1.3：

Double Beam Spectrophotometer / 3.4.1.4：

Difference Spectroscopy / 3.4.1.5：

The Dual Wavelength Spectrophotometer / 3.4.1.6：

Photochemical Action Spectra / 3.4.1.7：

Bioluminescence / 3.4.2：

Fluorescence / 3.4.3：

Quantum Yield / 3.4.3.1：

Structure of Spectrofluorimeters / 3.4.3.2：

Perturbations of Fluorescence Measurements / 3.4.3.3：

Fluorescent Compounds (Fluorophores) / 3.4.3.4：

Radiationless Energy Transfer / 3.4.3.5：

Fluorescence Polarization / 3.4.3.6：

Pulse Fluorimetry / 3.4.3.7：

Circular Dichroism and Optical Rotation Dispersion / 3.4.4：

Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy / 3.4.5：

IR Spectroscopy / 3.4.5.1：

Raman Spectroscopy / 3.4.5.2：

Applications / 3.4.5.3：

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / 3.4.6：

Measurement of Fast Reactions / 3.5：

Flow Methods / 3.5.1：

The Continuous Flow Method / 3.5.1.1：

The Stopped-flow Method / 3.5.1.2：

Measurement of Enzyme Reactions by Flow Methods / 3.5.1.3：

Determination of the Dead Time / 3.5.1.4：

Relaxation Methods / 3.5.2：

The Temperature Jump Method / 3.5.2.1：

The Pressure Jump Method / 3.5.2.2：

The Electric Field Method / 3.5.2.3：

Flash Photolysis, Pico- and Femto-second Spectroscopy / 3.5.3：

Evaluation of Rapid Kinetic Reactions (Transient Kinetics) / 3.5.4：

Subject Index

Preface to the Second English Edition

Preface to the First English Edition

Symbols and Abbreviations

図書

3. Technical writing for teams : the STREAM tools handbook (pbk.)

Alexander Mamishev, Sean Williams

出版情報:	Hoboken, N.J. : John Wiley & Sons, c2010 xvii, 243 p. ; 24 cm.
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Preface

Acknowledgments

Introduction / Chapter 1：

In this Chapter / 1.1：

Our Audience / 1.2：

A few horror stories / 1.2.1：

Some history / 1.2.2：

The Need For a Good "Writing System" / 1.3：

Introducing Stream Tools / 1.4：

What is STREAM Tools? / 1.4.1：

Why use STREAM Tools? / 1.4.2：

The software of STREAM Tools / 1.4.3：

Recommended packages / 1.4.3.1：

A brief comparison of Microsoft Word vs. LaTeX: history and myths / 1.4.3.2：

How to Use this Book / 1.5：

Exercises / 1.6：

Quick Start Guide For Stream Tools / Chapter 2：

A General Overview of the Writing Process / 2.1：

Introduction to Writing Quality Tools: The Stream Tools Editorial Mark-Up Table / 2.3：

Introduction to Document Design Tools / 2.4：

Important fundamental concepts / 2.4.1：

Step 1: Use template files to create your new manuscripts / 2.4.1.1：

Step 2: Copy existing elements and paste them into a new location / 2.4.1.2：

Step 3: Edit the element / 2.4.1.3：

Step 4: Cross-referencing elements / 2.4.1.4：

Creating Elements in a Document / 2.4.2：

Headings / 2.4.2.1：

Equations / 2.4.2.2：

Figures / 2.4.2.3：

Tables / 2.4.2.4：

References (literature citations) / 2.4.2.5：

Introduction to File Management: Optimizing Your Workflow / 2.5：

General principles / 2.5.1：

Using a wiki for file management / 2.5.2：

Version control / 2.5.3：

Conclusions / 2.6：

Document Design / 2.7：

Creating Templates / 3.1：

How to create and cross-reference a heading template / 3.2.1：

How to alter a heading template / 3.2.1.2：

Common formatting mistakes in headings / 3.2.1.3：

Common stylistic mistakes for headings / 3.2.1.4：

Tips and tricks / 3.2.1.5：

How to create and cross-reference an equation template / 3.2.2：

How to alter an equation template / 3.2.2.2：

Common formatting mistakes for equations / 3.2.2.3：

Common stylistic mistakes for equations / 3.2.2.4：

How to create and cross-reference a figure template / 3.2.2.5：

How to alter a figure template / 3.2.3.2：

Common formatting mistakes in figures / 3.2.3.3：

Common stylistic mistakes in figures / 3.2.3.4：

Tips and tricks for figures / 3.2.3.5：

How to create and cross-reference a table template / 3.2.4：

How to alter a table template / 3.2.4.2：

Common typesetting mistakes / 3.2.4.3：

Common stylistic mistakes in tables / 3.2.4.4：

Tips and tricks for tables / 3.2.4.5：

Front matter / 3.2.5：

Controlling page numbers / 3.2.5.1：

Table of contents / 3.2.5.2：

Back matter / 3.2.6：

Appendices / 3.2.6.1：

Indices / 3.2.6.2：

Using Multiple Templates / 3.3：

Controlling styles / 3.3.1：

Switching between single-column and double-column formats / 3.3.2：

Master documents / 3.3.3：

Practice Problems / 3.4：

Additional Resources / 3.4.1：

Using Bibliographic Databases / 3.6：

Why Use a Bibliographic Database? / 4.1：

Choice of Software / 4.3：

Using Endnote / 4.4：

Setting up the interface / 4.4.1：

Adding references / 4.4.2：

Citing references / 4.4.3：

Sharing a Database / 4.5：

Numbering the database entries / 4.5.1：

Compatibility with BiBTeX / 4.5.2：

Formatting References / 4.6：

Planning, Drafting, and Editing Documents / 4.7：

Definition Stage / 5.1：

Select your team members / 5.2.1：

Hold a kick-off meeting / 5.2.2：

Analyze the audience / 5.2.3：

Formulate the purpose / 5.2.4：

Persuasion / 5.2.4.1：

Exposition / 5.2.4.2：

Instruction / 5.2.4.3：

Select the optimum combination of STREAM Tools / 5.2.5：

Preparation Stage / 5.3：

Evaluate historical documents / 5.3.1：

Journal articles / 5.3.1.1：

Proceedings/papers / 5.3.1.2：

Theses and dissertations / 5.3.1.3：

Proposals / 5.3.1.4：

Reports / 5.3.1.5：

Populate the file repository / 5.3.2：

Create a comprehensive outline of the document / 5.3.3：

Using deductive structures / 5.3.3.1：

Using Microsoft Word's Outline feature / 5.3.3.2：

Populate all sections with "yellow text" / 5.3.4：

Distribute writing tasks among team members / 5.3.5：

Choose a drafting strategy / 5.3.5.1：

Synchronize writing styles / 5.3.5.2：

Writing Stage / 5.4：

Enter content / 5.4.1：

Legacy content / 5.4.1.1：

New content / 5.4.1.2：

Control versions of shared files / 5.4.1.3：

Request that team members submit their drafts / 5.4.2：

Verify that each section is headed in the right direction / 5.4.3：

Construct the whole document / 5.4.4：

Revise for content and distribute additional writing tasks / 5.4.5：

Comprehensive editing / 5.4.5.1：

STREAM Tools Editorial Mark-up table (STEM Table) / 5.4.5.2：

Strategies for editing electronic copy using Microsoft Word--an overview of Microsoft Word's commenting, reviewing, and proofing features / 5.4.5.3：

Distribute additional writing tasks / 5.4.6：

Completion Stage / 5.5：

Copy edit the document / 5.5.1：

Send out for a final review of content and clarity / 5.5.2：

Proofread the document / 5.5.3：

Submit the document / 5.5.4：

Conduct the final process-improvement review session / 5.5.5：

Building High Quality Writing Teams / 5.6：

Understanding the Benefits and Challenges of Teamwork / 6.1：

The payoff of teamwork / 6.2.1：

Some principle challenges of teamwork / 6.2.2：

Identifying Team Goals and Assigning Member Roles / 6.3：

Define roles and procedures clearly / 6.3.1：

Define team roles / 6.3.1.1：

Define team procedures / 6.3.1.2：

Managing Teamwork at a Distance / 6.4：

Building trust in virtual teams / 6.4.1：

Demonstrating sensitivity to cultural differences / 6.4.2：

Selecting Communication Tools To Support Teamwork / 6.5：

Wikis / 6.5.1：

Creating a wiki / 6.5.1.1：

Editing / 6.5.1.2：

Organizing / 6.5.1.3：

Monitoring edits / 6.5.1.4：

Other suggestions for wiki use / 6.5.1.5：

SharePoint / 6.5.2：

Lists / 6.5.2.1：

Web pages / 6.5.2.2：

Alerts and site management / 6.5.2.3：

Assuring Quality Writing / 6.6：

Choosing the Best Words 278 / 7.1：

Choose strong words / 7.2.1：

Use strong nouns and verbs / 7.2.1.1：

Choose words with the right level of formality / 7.2.1.2：

Avoid weak words / 7.2.2：

Check for confusing or frequently misused words / 7.2.2.1：

Avoid double negatives, and change negatives to affirmatives / 7.2.2.2：

Avoid changing verbs to nouns / 7.2.2.3：

Delete meaningless words and modifiers / 7.2.2.4：

Steer clear of jargon / 7.2.2.5：

Avoid sexist or discriminatory language / 7.2.2.6：

Writing Strong Sentences / 7.3：

Write economically / 7.3.1：

Include a variety of sentence types / 7.3.2：

Avoiding Weak Sentence Construction / 7.4：

Comma splices / 7.4.1.1：

Fragments / 7.4.1.2：

Fused or run-on sentences / 7.4.1.3：

Misplaced, dangling, or two-way modifiers / 7.4.1.4：

Faulty parallelism / 7.4.1.5：

Punctuating For Clarity / 7.5：

End punctuation / 7.5.1：

Periods / 7.5.1.1：

Question marks / 7.5.1.2：

Exclamation points / 7.5.1.3：

Commas / 7.5.2：

Semicolons / 7.5.3：

Colons / 7.5.4：

Apostrophes / 7.5.5：

Dashes and hyphens / 7.5.6：

Final Considerations / 7.6：

Abbreviations and acronyms / 7.6.1：

Capitalization / 7.6.2：

Numbers / 7.6.3：

Dates / 7.6.4：

Fractions and percentages / 7.6.5：

Units of measure / 7.6.6：

A Final Note on Grammar / 7.7：

Concluding Remarks / 7.8：

Business Case / 8.1：

Frequently Asked Questions / 8.3：

Success Stories / 8.4：

Additional Reading / 8.5：

Useful books and articles / 8.5.1：

Useful weblinks / 8.5.2：

EXERCISES / 8.6：

Preface

Acknowledgments

Introduction / Chapter 1：

図書

4. Radar meteorology

by Henri Sauvageot

出版情報:	Boston : Artech House, c1991 xii, 366 p. ; 24 cm
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Preface

Basic Concepts of Radar / Chapter 1：

Introduction / 1.1：

The Sensor / 1.2：

Noncoherent Pulse Radar / 1.2.1：

Pulsed Doppler Radar / 1.2.2：

Display of the Data / 1.2.3：

Sensitivity of the Receiver / 1.2.4：

Antenna / 1.2.5：

Resolution / 1.2.6：

Refraction / 1.2.7：

Attenuation / 1.2.8：

The Radar Equation: General Forms / 1.3：

Single Scatterer / 1.3.1：

Distributed Target / 1.3.2：

Calibration and Setting Up / 1.4：

Meteorological Signals / 1.5：

Meteorological Targets / 1.5.1：

Signal Statistics / 1.5.2：

Decorrelation Time: Independent Samples / 1.5.3：

Sample Time Averaging: Reducing the Variance of the Mean / 1.5.4：

Reducing the Integration Time / 1.5.5：

Detecting Weak Signals / 1.5.6：

Sampling and Demultiplexing / 1.5.7：

Hydrological Measurements / Chapter 2：

Clouds and Precipitation / 2.1：

Physical Processes of Formation / 2.2.1：

Hydrometeor Size Distributions: General Forms / 2.2.2：

Integral Parameters / 2.2.3：

Clouds / 2.2.4：

Precipitation / 2.2.5：

Terminal Fall Velocity of Hydrometeors / 2.2.6：

The Shape of Hydrometeors / 2.2.7：

Scattering and Attenuation Cross Sections / 2.3：

Homogeneous Spherical Particles / 2.3.1：

Nonhomogeneous Particles / 2.3.2：

Nonspherical Particles / 2.3.3：

Atmospheric Attenuation / 2.4：

Attenuation by Gases / 2.4.1：

Attenuation by Clouds / 2.4.2：

Attenuation by Precipitation / 2.4.3：

Backscattering by Clouds and Precipitation / 2.5：

Radar Reflectivity Factor / 2.5.1：

Z and X Relations / 2.5.2：

Polarization Measurements / 2.5.3：

Hail Precipitation Detection / 2.5.4：

Lightning Detection / 2.5.5：

Artifacts / 2.5.6：

Particular Meteorological Forms of the Radar Equation / 2.5.7：

Precipitation Measurements / 2.6：

Single-Wavelength Reflectivity / 2.6.1：

Radar and Rain Gauge / 2.6.3：

Single-Wavelength Attenuation Measurements / 2.6.4：

Dual-Wavelength a-R Method / 2.6.5：

Dual-Wavelength N(D) Method / 2.6.6：

Dual Polarization / 2.6.7：

Area Integral Methods for Convective Rainfall / 2.6.8：

Radar Networks / 2.7：

Short-Term Forecasting / 2.8：

Radars and Satellites / 2.9：

Technical Aspects / 2.9.1：

Estimation of Precipitation with Visible and Infrared Data / 2.9.2：

Rain Estimation by Passive Microwave Methods / 2.9.3：

Orbital Radars / 2.9.4：

Velocity Measurements / Chapter 3：

The Doppler Spectrum / 3.1：

Spectral Parameters / 3.1.1：

Discrete-Fourier Transform / 3.1.2：

Estimators of Spectral Moments / 3.1.3：

Factors Affecting the Width of the Doppler Spectrum / 3.1.4：

Ground Clutter Suppression / 3.1.5：

Doppler Spectra at Vertical Incidence / 3.2：

Size Distribution of Precipitation / 3.2.1：

Vertical Air Velocity / 3.2.2：

Measurement of the Velocity Fields with a Single Doppler Radar / 3.3：

Analysis of the Mean Field by the VAD Method / 3.3.1：

The VVP Method / 3.3.2：

Display of the Radial Velocity / 3.3.3：

Measurement of Turbulence / 3.4：

The Inertial Domain / 3.4.1：

Measurement of Rate of Dissipation of Turbulent Kinetic Energy / 3.4.2：

The Turbulence Field / 3.4.3：

Measurement of the Velocity Fields with Several Doppler Radars / 3.5：

Retrieval of the Thermodynamic and Microphysical Fields / 3.6：

Airborne Radar / 3.7：

Observation of Clear Air / Chapter 4：

Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves by a Turbulent Medium / 4.1：

General Relations / 4.2.1：

Reflectivity in the Inertial Domain / 4.2.2：

Relationship Between Radar Reflectivity and the Average Atmospheric Field / 4.2.3：

ST Radar / 4.3：

Influence of the Wavelength / 4.3.1：

Wind Measurements / 4.3.2：

Reflectivity / 4.3.3：

Networks of ST Radar / 4.3.4：

Rass / 4.4：

Insects / 4.5：

General Characteristics / 4.5.1：

Insects and Birds / 4.5.2：

Observations / 4.5.3：

Artificial Tracers / 4.6：

General Properties / 4.6.1：

Applications to Atmospheric Observation / 4.6.2：

Introduction to the Study of Some Meteorological Structures by Radar / Chapter 5：

Diversity of Meteorological Structures / 5.1：

Movements of the Atmosphere / 5.1.2：

The Area of Radar Application / 5.1.3：

Convection in the Planetary Boundary Layer / 5.2：

The Convective Boundary Layer / 5.2.1：

Observation of the Convective Field / 5.2.2：

The Aerobiological Field / 5.2.3：

Pollution and Plumes / 5.2.4：

Deep Convection and Thunderstorms / 5.3：

The Convective Cells / 5.3.1：

Convective Storm Structure / 5.3.2：

Squall Lines / 5.3.3：

Microbursts / 5.3.4：

Hail / 5.3.5：

Electrical Activity of Storms / 5.3.6：

Tornadoes and Vortexes / 5.4：

Identification of Vortexes by Radar / 5.4.1：

Application to Warning Systems / 5.4.3：

Extratropical Cyclone Disturbances and Stratiform Clouds / 5.5：

Structure of Extratropical Cyclone Disturbances / 5.5.1：

Stratiform Precipitation / 5.5.2：

Tropical Cyclones / 5.6：

Turbulent Stratifications and Shear Instability / 5.7：

Experimental Modification of Clouds and Precipitation / 5.8：

Bibliographical Note / Appendix 1：

Units and Symbols / Appendix 2：

List of Constants / Appendix 3：

Definitions and Various Numerical Values / Appendix 4：

References

Index

Preface

Basic Concepts of Radar / Chapter 1：

Introduction / 1.1：

図書

5. Freshwater algae : identification and use as bioindicators

Edward Bellinger and David C. Sigee

出版情報:	Chichester, West Sussex, UK ; Hoboken, N.J. : Wiley-Blackwell, 2010 viii, 271 p ; 26 cm
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Introduction to freshwater algae / 1：

General introduction / 1.1：

Algae / 1.1.1：

Algae as primary producers / 1.1.2：

Freshwater environments / 1.1.3：

Planktonic and benthic algae / 1.1.4：

Size and shape / 1.1.5：

Taxonomic variation / 1.2：

Microscopical appearance / 1.2.1：

Biochemistry / 1.2.2：

Molecular characteristics and identification / 1.2.3：

Blue-green algae / 1.3：

Cytology / 1.3.1：

Morphological and taxonomic diversity / 1.3.2：

Ecology / 1.3.3：

Blue-green algae as bioindicators / 1.3.4：

Green algae / 1.4：

Morphological diversity / 1.4.1：

Green algae as bioindicators / 1.4.3：

Euglenoids / 1.5：

Euglenoids as bioindicators / 1.5.1：

Yellow-green algae / 1.6：

Yellow-green algae as bioindicators / 1.6.1：

Dinoflagellates / 1.7：

Cryptomonads / 1.7.1：

Comparison with euglenoid algae / 1.8.1：

Biodiversity / 1.8.3：

Cryptomonads as bioindicators / 1.8.4：

Chrysophytes / 1.9：

Chrysophytes as bioindicators / 1.9.1：

Diatoms / 1.10：

Diatoms as bioindicators / 1.10.1：

Red algae / 1.11：

Brown algae / 1.12：

Sampling, biomass estimation and counts of freshwater algae A Planktonic algae / 2：

Protocol for collection / 2.1：

Standing water phytoplankton / 2.1.1：

River phytoplankton

Mode of collection / 2.2：

Phytoplankton trawl net / 2.2.1：

Volume samplers / 2.2.2：

Integrated sampling / 2.2.3：

Sediment traps / 2.2.4：

Phytoplankton biomass / 2.3：

Turbidity / 2.3.1：

Dry weight and ash-free dry weight / 2.3.2：

Pigment concentrations / 2.3.3：

Flow cytometry / 2.4：

Microscope counts of species populations / 2.5：

Sample preservation and processing / 2.5.1：

Species counts / 2.5.2：

Conversion of species counts to biovolumes / 2.5.3：

Chemical cleaning of diatoms / 2.5.4：

Diversity within species populations / 2.6：

Molecular analysis / 2.6.1：

Analytical microscopical techniques B Non-planktonic algae / 2.6.2：

Deep water benthic algae / 2.7：

Benthic-pelagic coupling / 2.7.1：

Benthic algae and sediment stability / 2.7.2：

Invertebrate grazing of benthic algae / 2.7.3：

Shallow water communities / 2.8：

Substrate / 2.8.1：

Algal communities / 2.8.2：

Algal biofilms / 2.9：

Mucialginous biofilms / 2.9.1：

Biomass / 2.9.2：

Taxonomic composition / 2.9.3：

Matrix structure / 2.9.4：

Periphyton? algal mats / 2.10：

Inorganic substratum / 2.10.1：

Plant surfaces / 2.10.2：

Algae as bioindicators / 3：

Bioindicators and water quality / 3.1：

Biomarkers and bioindicators / 3.1.1：

Characteristics of bioindicators / 3.1.2：

Biological monitoring versus chemical measurements / 3.1.3：

Monitoring water quality: objectives / 3.1.4：

Lakes / 3.2：

Contemporary planktonic and attached algae as bioindicators / 3.2.1：

Fossil algae as bioindicators: lake sediment analysis / 3.2.2：

Water quality parameters / 3.2.3：

Wetlands / 3.3：

Rivers / 3.4：

The periphyton community / 3.4.1：

River diatoms / 3.4.2：

Evaluation of the diatom community / 3.4.3：

Human impacts and diatom indices / 3.4.4：

Calculation of diatom indices / 3.4.5：

Practical applications of diatom indices / 3.4.6：

Estuaries / 3.5：

Ecosystem complexity / 3.5.1：

Algae as estuarine bioindicators / 3.5.2：

A key to the more frequently occurring freshwater algae / 4：

Introduction to the key / 4.1：

Using the key / 4.1.1：

Morphological groupings / 4.1.2：

Key to the main genera and species / 4.2：

List of algae included and their occurrence in the key / 4.3：

Algal identification: bibliography / 4.4：

Glossary

References

Index

Introduction to freshwater algae / 1：

General introduction / 1.1：

Algae / 1.1.1：

図書

6. Theoretical femtosecond physics : atoms and molecules in strong laser fields

F. Grossmann

出版情報:	Berlin : Springer, c2008 xiii, 214 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名:	Springer series on atomic, optical, and plasma physics ; 48
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Prerequisites / Part I：

A Short Introduction to Laser Physics / 1：

The Einstein Coefficients / 1.1：

Fundamentals of the Laser / 1.2：

Elementary Laser Theory / 1.2.1：

Realization of the Laser Principle / 1.2.2：

Pulsed Lasers / 1.3：

Frequency Comb / 1.3.1：

Carrier Envelope Phase / 1.3.2：

Husimi Representation of Laser Pulses / 1.3.3：

Some Gaussian Integrals / 1.A：

References

Time-Dependent Quantum Theory / 2：

The Time-Dependent Schrodinger Equation / 2.1：

Introduction / 2.1.1：

Time-Evolution Operator / 2.1.2：

Spectral Information / 2.1.3：

Analytical Solutions for Wavepackets / 2.1.4：

Analytical Approaches / 2.2：

Feynman's Path Integral / 2.2.1：

Semiclassical Approximation / 2.2.2：

Time-Dependent Perturbation Theory / 2.2.3：

Magnus Expansion / 2.2.4：

Time-Dependent Hartree Method / 2.2.5：

Quantum-Classical Methods / 2.2.6：

Floquet Theory / 2.2.7：

Numerical Methods / 2.3：

Orthogonal Basis Expansion / 2.3.1：

Split-Operator FFT Method / 2.3.2：

Alternative Methods of Time-Evolution / 2.3.3：

Semiclassical Initial Value Representations / 2.3.4：

The Royal Road to the Path Integral / 2.A：

Variational Calculus / 2.B：

Stability Matrix / 2.C：

From the HK- to the VVG-Propagator / 2.D：

Applications / Part II：

Field Matter Coupling and Two-Level Systems / 3：

Light Matter Interaction / 3.1：

Minimal Coupling / 3.1.1：

Length Gauge / 3.1.2：

Kramers-Henneberger Transformation / 3.1.3：

Volkov Wavepacket / 3.1.4：

Analytically Solvable Two-Level Problems / 3.2：

Dipole Matrix Element / 3.2.1：

Rabi Oscillations Induced by a Constant Perturbation / 3.2.2：

Time-Dependent Perturbations / 3.2.3：

Exactly Solvable Time-Dependent Cases / 3.2.4：

Generalized Parity Transformation / 3.A：

Two-Level System in an Incoherent Field / 3.B：

Single Electron Atoms in Strong Laser Fields / 4：

The Hydrogen Atom / 4.1：

Hydrogen in Three Dimensions / 4.1.1：

The One-Dimensional Coulomb Problem / 4.1.2：

Field Induced Ionization / 4.2：

Tunnel Ionization / 4.2.1：

Multiphoton Ionization / 4.2.2：

ATI in the Coulomb Potential / 4.2.3：

Stabilization in Very Strong Fields / 4.2.4：

Atoms Driven by HCP / 4.2.5：

High Harmonic Generation / 4.3：

Three-Step Model / 4.3.1：

Odd Harmonics Rule / 4.3.2：

Semiclassical Explanation of the Plateau / 4.3.3：

Cutoff and Odd Harmonics Revisited / 4.3.4：

Recommended Reading / 1.5：

Your Personal "PC-NMR Processing Station" / 2：

Technical Requirements / 2.1：

Software Tools / 2.3：

General / 2.3.1：

Installation of 1D WIN-NMR, 2D WIN-NMR and GETFILE / 2.3.2：

Starting GETFILE, 1D WIN-NMR and 2D WIN-NMR / 2.3.3：

Software- and Hardwareproblems / 2.4：

NMR Data / 2.5：

Samples / 2.5.1：

Experiments / 2.5.2：

Experimental Conditions / 2.5.3：

Directory Structure / 2.5.4：

Copying the NMR Data from the CD to your Hard Disk / 2.5.5：

Useful Options in the MS WINDOWS 95 Operating System / 2.5.6：

Data Formats / 2.6：

WINNMR Format / 2.6.1：

UXNMR/XWINNMR Format / 2.6.2：

DISNMR Format / 2.6.3：

NMR Data Formats of other Manufacturers: Varian, JEOL, GE / 2.6.4：

Other Formats: ASCII, JCAMP-DX / 2.6.5：

Data Import and Export / 2.7：

Network-Example / 2.7.1：

Transfer and Conversion of NMR Data stored on Remote Computers / 2.7.2：

UXNMR/XWINNMR-Format / 2.7.2.1：

DISNMR-Format / 2.7.2.2：

Decomposition of 2D Data Files / 2.7.3：

References / 2.8：

Modern Homo- and Heteronuclear 1D and 2D NMR Experiments: A Short Overview / 3：

The NMR Experiment / 3.1：

1D Experiments / 3.3：

[superscript 1]H Experiments / 3.3.1：

[superscript 1]H One Pulse Experiment / 3.3.1.1：

[superscript 1]H {[superscript 1]H} Selective Decoupling Experiment / 3.3.1.2：

[superscript 1]H {[superscript 1]H} Total Correlation Spectroscopy (TOCSY) Experiment / 3.3.1.3：

[superscript 1]H {[superscript 1]H} Nuclear Overhauser (NOE) Experiment / 3.3.1.4：

[superscript 1]H {[superscript 1]H} Nuclear Overhauser Experiment in the Rotating Frame (ROE) / 3.3.1.5：

[superscript 13]C Experiments / 3.3.2：

[superscript 13]C One-Pulse Experiment / 3.3.2.1：

[superscript 13]C DEPT Experiment / 3.3.2.2：

[superscript 13]C JMOD (APT) Experiment / 3.3.2.3：

[superscript 13]C T[subscript 1] Inversion-Recovery Experiment / 3.3.2.4：

2D Experiments / 3.4：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 1]H Experiments / 3.4.1：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 1]H COSY Experiment / 3.4.1.1：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 1]H TOCSY Experiment / 3.4.1.2：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 1]H NOESY and [superscript 1]H/[superscript 1]H ROESY Experiments / 3.4.1.3：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 1]H J-Resolved Spectroscopy Experiment / 3.4.1.4：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 13]C Experiments / 3.4.2：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 13]C Shift Correlation Spectroscopy via [superscript 1]J[subscript CH] / 3.4.2.1：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 13]C Shift Correlation Spectroscopy via [superscript n]J[subscript CH] / 3.4.2.2：

[superscript 1]H/[superscript 13]C Shift Correlation Spectroscopy via [superscript 1]J[subscript CH] and [superscript 1]H/[superscript 1]H TOCSY Transfer / 3.4.2.3：

How to Display and Plot 1D and 2D Spectra / 3.5：

Help Routines / 4.1：

Application Windows for 1D WIN-NMR and 2D WIN-NMR / 4.3：

File Handling / 4.4：

Display of 1D Spectra with 1D WIN-NMR / 4.5：

Buttons with 1D WIN-NMR [Spectrum] / 4.5.1：

Additional Display Options with 1D WIN-NMR / 4.5.2：

The Use of Scroll Bars, Keys and Function Keys with 1D WIN-NMR / 4.5.3：

Basic Processing Steps with 1D Spectra / 4.6：

Calibration / 4.6.1：

Peak Picking / 4.6.2：

Integration / 4.6.3：

Simple Spectral Analysis / 4.6.4：

Plotting 1D Spectra / 4.7：

Define Plot / 4.7.1：

Page Layout / 4.7.2：

Page Layout Dialog Box in Normal 1D Display Mode / 4.7.2.1：

Page Layout Dialog Box in the Dual and Multiple Display Mode / 4.7.2.2：

Preview / 4.7.3：

Printer Setup..., Print... / 4.7.4：

Copy / 4.7.5：

Metafile... / 4.7.6：

ACQ., PROC., PLOT and A3000-Parameters / 4.7.7：

Title... / 4.7.8：

Pulse Program..., AU Program... / 4.7.9：

History... / 4.7.10：

Data Base Parameters... / 4.7.11：

Display of 2D Spectra with 2D WIN-NMR / 4.8：

Buttons with 2D WIN-NMR / 4.8.1：

Setting Contour Levels / 4.8.2：

Additional Display Options with 2D WIN-NMR / 4.8.3：

Basic Processing Steps with 2D Spectra / 4.9：

Plotting 2D Spectra / 4.9.1：

Layout / 4.10.1：

Page Setup... / 4.10.2：

Print..., Print all, Printer Setup... / 4.10.3：

Copy, Copy all, Paste / 4.10.4：

2D Layout with 1D WIN-NMR / 4.10.5：

History / 4.10.6：

How to Process 1D and 2D NMR Data / 5：

Basic Processing / 5.1：

The Parameters TD and SI / 5.2.1：

Fourier Transformation of 1D Data / 5.2.2：

Phasing of 1D Spectra / 5.2.3：

Fourier Transformation of 2D Data / 5.2.4：

Phasing of 2D Spectra / 5.2.5：

Advanced Processing in the Time Domain / 5.3：

Multiplication with a Processing Function: s(t) . f(t) "Weighting", "Filtering", "Apodization" / 5.3.1：

Addition of a Processing Function: s(t) + f(t) / 5.3.3：

DC-Correction/Baseline-Correction / 5.3.3.1：

Zero Filling / 5.3.3.2：

Linear Prediction / 5.3.3.3：

FID Shift/Adjust Points/Zero Points / 5.3.4：

Adding two FIDs: s[subscript 1](t) + s[subscript 2](t) / 5.3.5：

Advanced Processing in the Frequency Domain / 5.4：

Baseline Correction / 5.4.1：

Additional 1D Specific Processing / 5.4.2：

Deconvolution / 5.4.2.1：

Smoothing / 5.4.2.2：

Derivative / 5.4.2.3：

Adjust Point / 5.4.2.4：

Inverse FT / 5.4.2.5：

Additional 2D Specific Processing / 5.4.3：

Symmetrization / 5.4.3.1：

Tilt / 5.4.3.2：

Remove Ridge / 5.4.3.3：

Remove Diagonal / 5.4.3.4：

Remove Peak / 5.4.3.5：

Shift/Wrap / 5.4.3.6：

Automatic Processing / 5.5：

Automatic Processing with Single Files / 5.5.1：

Automatic Processing with a Series of Files / 5.5.3：

Tables / 5.6：

Recommended 1D Processing Parameters / 5.6.1：

Recommended 2D Processing Parameters / 5.6.1.1：

[superscript 13]C/[superscript 1]H Experiments / 5.6.2.1：

NMR Data of an Unknown Oligosaccharide / 5.7：

Strategy to Solve Structural Problems / 6.1：

General Scheme for an NMR Analysis / 6.2.1：

Signal Assignments / 6.2.1.1：

NMR Parameter Evaluation / 6.2.1.2：

Processing the NMR Data of the Unknown Oligosaccharide / 6.3：

Reference Data / 6.3.1：

NMR Data Characteristic of Carbohydrates / 6.3.3：

Processing and Analysis of the NMR Data / 6.3.4：

The Structure of the Oligosaccharide / 6.4：

Glossary / 6.5：

Index

Introduction / 1：

Scope and Audience / 1.1：

Organisation / 1.2：

26.

図書

26. Chemolithoautotrophic bacteria : biochemistry and environmental biology

[by] Tateo Yamanaka

出版情報:	Tokyo : Springer, c2008 xii, 157 p. ; 25 cm
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Preface

Abbreviations

General Considerations / 1：

Chemoheterotrophic Bacteria / 1.1：

Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria / 1.2：

Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria / 1.2.1：

Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria / 1.2.2：

Denitrifying Bacteria / 1.2.3：

Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria / 1.2.4：

Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria / 1.2.5：

Iron-Oxidizing and -Reducing Bacteria / 1.2.6：

Methanogens / 1.2.7：

Cytochromes / 2：

Hemes / 2.1：

Kinds of Cytochromes / 2.2：

Heme A-Containing Cytochromes / 2.2.1：

Heme B-Containing Cytochromes / 2.2.2：

Heme C-Containing Cytochromes / 2.2.3：

Heme D[subscript 1]-Containing Cytochromes / 2.2.4：

Heme O-Containing Cytochromes / 2.2.5：

Heme D-Containing Cytochromes / 2.2.6：

Nitrogen Circulation on Earth and Bacteria / 3：

Bacterial Nitrification / 3.1：

Oxidation of Ammonia / 3.1.1：

Oxidation of Hydroxylamine / 3.1.2：

Hydroxylamine Oxidoreductase / (a)：

Cytochrome c-554 / (b)：

Cytochrome c-552 / (c)：

Cytochrome c Oxidase / (d)：

Electron Transfer Pathway Coupled to the Oxidation of Ammonia / 3.1.3：

Dehalogenation of Chloroethylenes by Bacteria / 3.1.4：

Various Growth Features of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria / 3.1.5：

Bacterial Oxidation of Nitrite / 3.1.6：

Nitrite Oxidoreductase

Cytochromes c-550(s) and c-550(m)

Reconstitution of Nitrite Oxidation System

Nitrification by Heterotrophic Bacteria / 3.1.7：

Applications of Nitrifying Bacteria / 3.2：

Bacterial Production of Gunpowder / 3.2.1：

Removal of Ammonia from Sewage / 3.2.2：

Interaction Between Ammonia-Oxidizing and Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria / 3.3：

Was Earth Previously Polluted by Nitrite? / 3.3.1：

An Agricultural Incident Caused by Incomplete Nitrification / 3.3.2：

Herbicides and Nitrification / 3.3.3：

Reduction of Nitrate and Nitrogen Gas / 3.4：

Bacteria That Reduce Nitrate to Nitrogen Gas / 3.4.1：

Nitric Oxide Is also Produced in Human Tissues / 3.4.2：

Bacteria Reducing Nitrogen Gas to Ammonia / 3.4.3：

Rhizobia

Azotobacter

Cyanobacteria

Sulfur Circulation on Earth and Bacteria / 4：

Bacteria Forming Hydrogen Sulfide / 4.1：

Bacterial Reduction Mechanisms of Sulfate / 4.1.1：

Components Participating in Bacterial Reduction of Sulfate / 4.1.2：

Hydrogenase

Adenylylsulfate Reductase

Sulfite Reductase

Siroheme / (e)：

Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria and Molecular Oxygen / 4.1.3：

Sulfur Respiration / 4.1.4：

Autumnal Dying of Rice Plants / 4.1.5：

Checking How Old the Origin of Life Is / 4.1.6：

Bacterial Oxidation Mechanisms of Sulfur Compounds / 4.2：

Oxidation of Sulfide and Elemental Sulfur

Oxidation of Thiosulfate

Oxidation of Sulfite

Cytochrome c

Oxidation Systems of Sulfite and Thiosulfate / (f)：

Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria Support Animals in the Dark on the Deep-Sea Bottom / 4.2.2：

Bacterial Corrosion of Concrete / 4.2.3：

Oxidation and Reduction of Iron by Bacteria / 5：

Bacteria That Oxidize or Reduce Iron / 5.1：

Mechanisms in Bacterial Oxidation of Iron / 5.1.1：

Fe(II)-Cytochrome c Oxidoreductase

Cytochromes c

Rusticyanin

Electron Transfer System Coupled to Oxidation of Ferrous Ion

Oxidation of Sulfur Compounds by Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria / 5.1.2：

Various Growth Aspects of Acidothiobacillus Ferrooxidans / 5.1.3：

Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria Requiring No Oxygen / 5.1.4：

Bacterial Reduction of Ferric Compounds / 5.1.5：

Bacteria Containing Magnetism / 5.1.6：

Applications of Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria / 5.2：

Bacterial Leaching / 5.2.1：

Etching of Copper Plate / 5.2.2：

Concentration of Gold from Pyrite Containing a Trace of Gold / 5.2.3：

Biohydrometallurgy / 5.2.4：

Cleaning of Mine Sewage / 5.2.5：

Upheaval of House Foundations: Damage Caused by Bacteria / 5.3：

Carbon Circulation on Earth and Microorganisms / 6：

Mechanisms of Formation of Organic Compounds from Carbon Dioxide / 6.1：

Calvin-Benson Cycle (Reductive Pentose Phosphate Cycle) / 6.1.1：

Hatch-Slack Pathway / 6.1.2：

Carbon Dioxide-Fixing Pathways Other than the Calvin-Benson Cycle in the Lithoautotrophs / 6.1.3：

Mechanism of Lithoautotrophic Methane Formation: Respiration but Not Fermentation / 6.2：

Formation of Methane from Acetate / 6.2.2：

Methanogens and Cytochromes / 6.2.3：

Methanogens and the Environment / 6.2.4：

Bacteria Utilizing Carbon Monoxide / 6.3：

Organisms Evolutionarily Closest to the Origin of Life / 7：

Archaea and Their Energy-Acquiring Reactions / 7.1：

Biological Evolution at Earlier Stages / 7.2：

References

Index

Preface

Abbreviations

General Considerations / 1：

27.

図書

27. Nanostructures and nanomaterials : synthesis, properties, and applications. 2nd ed (: hardcover ; : pbk)

Guozhong Cao, Ying Wang

出版情報:	Singapore : World Scientific, c2011 xiii, 581 p. ; 23 cm
シリーズ名:	World scientific series in nanoscience and nanotechnology ; v. 2
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Preface to the Second Edition

Introduction / Chapter 1：

Emergence of Nanotechnology / 1.1：

Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches / 1.3：

Challenges in Nanotechnology / 1.4：

Scope of the Book / 1.5：

References

Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces / Chapter 2：

Surface Energy / 2.1：

Chemical Potential as a Function of Surface Curvature / 2.3：

Electrostatic Stabilization / 2.4：

Surface charge density / 2.4.1：

Electric potential at the proximity of solid surface / 2.4.2：

Van der Waals attraction potential / 2.4.3：

Interactions between two particles: DLVO theory / 2.4.4：

Steric Stabilization / 2.5：

Solvent and polymer / 2.5.1：

Interactions between polymer layers / 2.5.2：

Mixed steric and electric interactions / 2.5.3：

Summary / 2.6：

Zero-Dimensional Nanostructures: Nanoparticles / Chapter 3：

Nanoparticles Through Homogeneous Nucleation / 3.1：

Fundamentals of homogeneous nucleation / 3.2.1：

Subsequent growth of nuclei / 3.2.2：

Growth controlled by diffusion / 3.2.2.1：

Growth controlled by surface process / 3.2.2.2：

Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles / 3.2.3：

Influences of reduction reagents / 3.2.3.1：

Influences by other factors / 3.2.3.2：

Influences of polymer stabilizer / 3.2.3.3：

Synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles / 3.2.4：

Synthesis of oxide nanoparticles / 3.2.5：

Introduction to sol-gel processing / 3.2.5.1：

Forced hydrolysis / 3.2.5.2：

Controlled release of ions / 3.2.5.3：

Vapor phase reactions / 3.2.6：

Solid-state phase segregation / 3.2.7：

Nanoparticles Through Heterogeneous Nucleation / 3.3：

Fundamentals of heterogeneous nucleation / 3.3.1：

Synthesis of nanoparticles / 3.3.2：

Kinetically Confined Synthesis of Nanoparticles / 3.4：

Synthesis inside micelles or using microemulsions / 3.4.1：

Aerosol synthesis / 3.4.2：

Growth termination / 3.4.3：

Spray pyrolysis / 3.4.4：

Template-based synthesis / 3.4.5：

Epitaxial Core-Shell Nanoparticles / 3.5：

One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Nanowires and Nanorods / 3.6：

Spontaneous Growth / 4.1：

Evaporation (dissolution)-condensation growth / 4.2.1：

Fundamentals of evaporation (dissolution)-condensation growth / 4.2.1.1：

Evaporation-condensation growth / 4.2.1.2：

Dissolution-condensation growth / 4.2.1.3：

Vapor (or solution)-liquid-solid (VLS or SLS) growth / 4.2.2：

Fundamental aspects of VLS and SLS growth / 4.2.2.1：

VLS growth of various nanowires / 4.2.2.2：

Control of the size of nanowires / 4.2.2.3：

Precursors and catalysts / 4.2.2.4：

Solution-liquid-solid growth / 4.2.2.5：

Stress-induced recrystallization / 4.2.3：

Template-Based Synthesis / 4.3：

Electrochemical deposition / 4.3.1：

Electrophoretic deposition / 4.3.2：

Template filling / 4.3.3：

Colloidal dispersion filling / 4.3.3.1：

Melt and solution filling / 4.3.3.2：

Chemical vapor deposition / 4.3.3.3：

Deposition by centrifugation / 4.3.3.4：

Converting through chemical reactions / 4.3.4：

Electrospinning / 4.4：

Lithography / 4.5：

Two-Dimensional Nanostructures: Thin Films / 4.6：

Fundamentals of Film Growth / 5.1：

Vacuum Science / 5.3：

Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) / 5.4：

Evaporation / 5.4.1：

Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) / 5.4.2：

Sputtering / 5.4.3：

Comparison of evaporation and sputtering / 5.4.4：

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) / 5.5：

Typical chemical reactions / 5.5.1：

Reaction kinetics / 5.5.2：

Transport phenomena / 5.5.3：

CVD methods / 5.5.4：

Diamond films by CVD / 5.5.5：

Atomic Layer Deposition / 5.6：

Superlattices / 5.7：

Self-Assembly / 5.8：

Monolayers of organosilicon or alkylsilane derivatives / 5.8.1：

Monolayers of alkanethiols and sulfides / 5.8.2：

Monolayers of carboxylic acids, amines, and alcohols / 5.8.3：

Langmuir-Blodgett Films / 5.9：

Electrochemical Deposition / 5.10：

Sol-Gel Films / 5.11：

Special Nanomaterials / 5.12：

Carbon Fullerenes and Nanotubes / 6.1：

Carbon fullerenes / 6.2.1：

Fullerene-derived crystals / 6.2.2：

Carbon nanotubes / 6.2.3：

Micro and Mesoporous Materials / 6.3：

Ordered mesoporous structures / 6.3.1：

Random mesoporous structures / 6.3.2：

Crystalline microporous materials: Zeolites / 6.3.3：

Core-Shell Structures / 6.4：

Metal-oxide structures / 6.4.1：

Metal-polymer structures / 6.4.2：

Oxide-polymer nanostructures / 6.4.3：

Organic-Inorganic Hybrids / 6.5：

Class 1 hybrids / 6.5.1：

Class 2 hybrids / 6.5.2：

Intercalation Compounds / 6.6：

Nanocomposites and Nanograined Materials / 6.7：

Inverse Opals / 6.8：

Bio-Induced Nanomaterials / 6.9：

Nanostructures Fabricated by Physical Techniques / 6.10：

Photolithography / 7.1：

Phase-shifting photolithography / 7.2.2：

Electron beam lithography / 7.2.3：

X-ray lithography / 7.2.4：

Focused ion beam (FIB) lithography / 7.2.5：

Neutral atomic beam lithography / 7.2.6：

Nanomanipulation and Nanolithography / 7.3：

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) / 7.3.1：

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) / 7.3.2：

Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) / 7.3.3：

Nanomanipulation / 7.3.4：

Nanolithography / 7.3.5：

Soft Lithography / 7.4：

Microcontact printing / 7.4.1：

Molding / 7.4.2：

Nanoimprint / 7.4.3：

Dip-pen nanolithography / 7.4.4：

Assembly of Nanoparticles and Nanowires / 7.5：

Capillary forces / 7.5.1：

Dispersion interactions / 7.5.2：

Shear-force-assisted assembly / 7.5.3：

Electric-field-assisted assembly / 7.5.4：

Covalently linked assembly / 7.5.5：

Gravitational-field-assisted assembly / 7.5.6：

Template-assisted assembly / 7.5.7：

Other Methods for Microfabrication / 7.6：

Characterization and Properties of Nanomaterials / 7.7：

Structural Characterization / 8.1：

X-ray diffraction (XRD) / 8.2.1：

Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) / 8.2.2：

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) / 8.2.3：

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) / 8.2.4：

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) / 8.2.5：

Gas adsorption / 8.2.6：

Chemical Characterization / 8.3：

Optical spectroscopy / 8.3.1：

Electron spectroscopy / 8.3.2：

Ion spectrometry / 8.3.3：

Physical Properties of Nanomaterials / 8.4：

Melting points and lattice constants / 8.4.1：

Mechanical properties / 8.4.2：

Optical properties / 8.4.3：

Surface plasmon resonance / 8.4.3.1：

Quantum size effects / 8.4.3.2：

Electrical conductivity / 8.4.4：

Surface scattering / 8.4.4.1：

Change of electronic structure / 8.4.4.2：

Quantum transport / 8.4.4.3：

Effect of microstructure / 8.4.4.4：

Ferroelectrics and dielectrics / 8.4.5：

Superparamagnetism / 8.4.6：

Applications of Nanomaterials / 8.5：

Molecular Electronics and Nanoelectronics / 9.1：

Nanobots / 9.3：

Biological Applications of Nanoparticles / 9.4：

Catalysis by Gold Nanoparticles / 9.5：

Bandgap Engineered Quantum Devices / 9.6：

Quantum well devices / 9.6.1：

Quantum dot devices / 9.6.2：

Nanomechanics / 9.7：

Carbon Nanotube Emitters / 9.8：

Energy Applications of Nanomaterials / 9.9：

Photoelectrochemical cells / 9.9.1：

Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries / 9.9.2：

Hydrogen storage / 9.9.3：

Thermoelectrics / 9.9.4：

Environmental Applications of Nanomaterials / 9.10：

Photonic Crystals and Plasmon Waveguides / 9.11：

Photonic crystals / 9.11.1：

Plasmon waveguides / 9.11.2：

Appendices / 9.12：

Index

Preface to the Second Edition

Introduction / Chapter 1：

Emergence of Nanotechnology / 1.1：

28.

図書

28. Radar reflectivity of land and sea

Maurice W. Long

出版情報:	Lexington, Mass. : Lexington Books, c1975 xxvi, 366 p. ; 24 cm
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Preface

References

Acknowledgments

Remote Sensing by Radar / 1：

State of the Art / 1.1：

Overview / 1.1.1：

Radar Capabilities at the End of World War II / 1.1.2：

Strip Maps and Side-Looking Radar / 1.1.3：

Spaceborne Radar / 1.1.4：

Surface Effects and Emerging Techniques / 1.2：

Effects of Surface Characteristics / 1.2.1：

Modern Techniques for Sensing Surface Characteristics / 1.2.2：

Basic Concepts and Definitions / 2：

Radar Reflectivity / 2.1：

The Radar Equation for Free Space / 2.1.1：

Radar Cross Section of Targets / 2.1.2：

Normalized Radar Cross Section / 2.1.3：

Coherence and Incoherence of a Scattered Field / 2.1.4：

Rayleigh Roughness Criterion, Specular Reflection, and Scattering / 2.1.5：

Far Field of Radar Targets / 2.1.6：

Effects of Radar Frequency Changes / 2.1.7：

Echo Fluctuations / 2.1.8：

The Earth and Its Effects on Radar / 2.2：

Effects of the Earth's Curvature and Refraction / 2.2.1：

The Effect of Interference on a Target / 2.2.2：

Nature of the Sea Surface and Wind Speed Statistics / 2.2.3：

Propagation over the Horizon / 2.2.4：

Attenuation and Scattering by the Atmosphere / 2.2.5：

Polarization, Depolarization, and Theories of Scattering / 3：

Polarization and Depolarization / 3.1：

Polarization Scattering Matrix / 3.1.1：

Relationships Between Linear and Circular Polarizations / 3.1.2：

A Randomly Oriented Dipole / 3.1.3：

A Dihedral Reflector / 3.1.4：

Depolarization Caused by an Ensemble of Randomly Oriented Dipoles / 3.1.5：

Theories for Radar Cross Section of Rough Surfaces / 3.2：

Simple Models Including the Constant Gamma Model / 3.2.1：

Classical Interference Theory / 3.2.2：

The Tangent Plane Approximation / 3.2.3：

Very Rough Surfaces / 3.2.4：

The Facet Model / 3.2.5：

The Slightly Rough Planar Surface / 3.2.6：

Ripples on Water / 3.2.7：

Vegetation Model / 3.2.8：

Composite Surfaces / 3.2.9：

Doppler Spectra of Sea Echo / 3.2.10：

Effects of the Earth's Surface / 4：

Fundamental Concepts / 4.1：

Reflections from a Rough, Spherical Earth / 4.1.1：

Reflection Coefficient for a Flat, Smooth Earth / 4.1.3：

Effect of a Flat, Smooth Earth on Target Echo / 4.1.4：

Echo from Targets That Are Above a Flat, Smooth Earth / 4.2：

Range and Depression Angle Dependencies for a Small Object Above a Smooth Earth / 4.2.1：

Vertically Extensive Objects Above a Smooth Earth / 4.2.2：

Propagation Factors for Circular, Horizontal, and Vertical Polarizations Above a Smooth Earth / 4.2.3：

Propagation Factors for a Cloud of Scatterers Above a Smooth Earth / 4.2.4：

Effects of Surface Roughness on Forward-Scattered Fields / 4.3：

Reflection Coefficient for Rough Surfaces / 4.3.1：

Shadowing / 4.3.2：

Depolarization / 4.3.3：

Echo from Targets That Are Above a Physically Rough Earth / 4.4：

Variation of Echo Power with Range / 4.4.1：

Range at Which Idealized R[superscript -4] and R[superscript -8] Curves Intersect / 4.4.2：

Relative Cross Sections for Circular Polarizations / 4.4.3：

A Cloud of Scatterers / 4.4.4：

Effects of the Diffuse Component on Target Echo / 4.4.5：

Multipath Effects on Echo from Land and Sea / 4.5：

Effects of Multipath Interference / 4.5.1：

Multipath Interference and Shadowing / 4.5.2：

Echo Fluctuations and Spectra / 5：

Introduction / 5.1：

Spectra and Autocorrelation Functions / 5.1.1：

Amplitude Statistics / 5.1.2：

Ground Echo Fluctuations / 5.2：

Nature of Ground Echoes / 5.2.1：

Temporal Amplitude Distributions for Terrain / 5.2.2：

Spatial Amplitude Statistics / 5.2.3：

Noncoherent Spectra and Autocorrelation Functions of Land / 5.2.4：

Coherent Land Doppler Spectra / 5.2.5：

Lincoln Laboratory Spectral Model / 5.2.6：

Power in Fast and Slow Land Spectra / 5.2.7：

Bragg Spectra from Inland Water / 5.2.8：

Concluding Remarks on Ground Echo Fluctuations / 5.2.9：

Visual Observations of Sea Echo / 5.3：

Characteristics Revealed by an A-Scope Display / 5.3.1：

Results from Fixed Range Sampling / 5.3.2：

Subjective Radar/Optical Comparisons and Anomalies / 5.3.3：

Observations of Bishop and of Lewis and Olin / 5.3.4：

Sea Echo Statistics and Spectra / 5.4：

Amplitude Distributions / 5.4.1：

Spectra Observed with Noncoherent Radar / 5.4.2：

Autocorrelation Functions / 5.4.3：

Noncoherent Spectra and Relationships with Sea Surface Mechanisms / 5.4.4：

Relative Power in Fast and Slow Fluctuations / 5.4.5：

Phase Coherent Doppler Spectra / 5.4.6：

Super Events / 5.4.7：

Sea Spikes / 5.4.8：

Concluding Remarks on Sea Echo Fluctuations and Spectra / 5.4.9：

Space-Time Clutter Amplitude Statistics / 5.5：

Compound Distributions / 5.5.1：

The K-Distribution / 5.5.2：

Rayleigh Modulated by Weibull Statistics / 5.5.3：

Average and Median Cross Sections / 6：

General Characteristics of [sigma degree] / 6.1：

Differences Between Average and Median Values / 6.1.2：

Smooth Surfaces and Small Grazing Angles / 6.1.3：

Classical Interference Effect / 6.1.4：

Problems Associated with Measuring [sigma degree] / 6.1.5：

Radar Cross Section for Land / 6.2：

Nature of [sigma degree] for Land / 6.2.1：

Sample [sigma degree] Land Measurements / 6.2.2：

Terrain Within Near Vertical and Plateau Regions / 6.2.3：

Ulaby and Dobson Tables for Terrain / 6.2.4：

Terrain Within Plateau and Low Grazing Angle Regions / 6.2.5：

Terrain at Extremely Low Grazing Angles / 6.2.6：

Concluding Remarks on Average Land Echo / 6.2.7：

Radar Cross Section for the Sea / 6.3：

Nature of [sigma degree] for the Sea / 6.3.1：

Range Dependence at Small Grazing Angles / 6.3.2：

Dependence on Grazing Angle / 6.3.3：

Grazing Angle Dependence at Low Frequencies / 6.3.4：

Nathanson Sea Clutter Tables / 6.3.5：

Extremely Low Grazing Angles / 6.3.6：

Dependence of [sigma degree] on Polarization / 6.3.7：

Dependence of [sigma degree] on the Wind and Sea / 6.3.8：

GIT Sea Clutter Models / 6.3.9：

Wavelength Dependence for the Sea / 6.3.10：

A Two-Scatterer Sea Clutter Model / 6.3.11：

Oil Slicks and Rain on Water / 6.3.12：

Concluding Remarks on Average Sea Echo / 6.3.13：

Interdependence of Polarization Characteristics / 7：

General Observations / 7.1：

Coherency, Statistical Independence, and Correlation / 7.1.2：

A Simplified Polarization Model for Rough Terrain / 7.1.3：

Use of the Polarization Model for the Moon / 7.1.4：

Polarization Model with Different Propagation Factors / 7.1.5：

Echo from Land, Principally Trees / 7.2：

Amplitude Fluctuations / 7.2.1：

Interdependence of Amplitude and Phase of Orthogonally Polarized Echoes / 7.2.2：

Average and Median Value Data, and Depression Angle Dependence / 7.2.3：

Relative Magnitude of Coherent and Incoherent Scattering from Trees / 7.2.4：

Sea Echo / 7.3：

Fluctuations of Orthogonally Polarized Components / 7.3.1：

Averages and Medians for Linear Polarization / 7.3.2：

Interdependence of Averages and Medians for Linear and Circular Polarizations / 7.3.3：

Coherent and Incoherent Scattering from the Sea / 7.3.4：

Bistatic Land and Sea Clutter / 8：

Bistatic RCS / 8.1：

Effective Illuminated Area / 8.2：

Depolarization and Reduction in RCS / 8.3：

In-Plane ([phis] = 0 and 180[degree]) Clutter / 8.4：

The Barton Model / 8.5：

Ulaby et al. Indoor Measurements / 8.6：

Out-of-Plane, Small Grazing Angle Data / 8.7：

Statistical Parameters / Appendix：

Basics / A.1：

Probability Density Functions and Distributions / A.2：

Normal or Gaussian Distribution / A.2.1：

Rayleigh Distribution / A.2.2：

Ricean Distribution / A.2.3：

Lognormal Distribution / A.2.4：

Weibull Distribution / A.2.5：

Chi-Square, Gamma, and Weinstock Distributions / A.2.6：

Standard Deviation of 10 log [sigma] When [sigma] Is Rayleigh Power Distributed / A.3：

Relationship Between 10 log([characters not reproducible]igma]/[sigma subscript m]) and Its Variance When [sigma] Is Lognormal / A.4：

About the Author

Index

Preface

References

Acknowledgments

29.

図書

29. Chemistry of nanocrystalline oxide materials : combustion synthesis, properties and applications

K. C. Patil ... [et al.]

出版情報:	New Jersey : World Scientific, c2008 xvi, 345 p. ; 24 cm
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Foreword

Preface

Introduction / 1：

General / 1.1：

Preparative Methods / 1.2：

Scope of the Book / 1.3：

Combustible Solid Precursors to Nanocrystalline Oxide Materials / 2：

Combustible Metal Hydrazine and Metal Hydrazine Carboxylate Complexes / 2.1：

Metal Hydrazine Carboxylates: Precursors to Simple Metal Oxides / Part I：

Preparation of Metal Formate, Acetate, Oxalate, and Hydrazine Carboxylates / 2.3：

Thermal Analysis and Combustion of Metal Hydrazine Carboxylates / 2.3.1：

Single Source Precursors to Mixed Metal Oxides / Part II：

Mixed Metal Oxides / 2.4：

Mixed Metal Acetate and Oxalate Hydrazinates: Precursors to Cobaltites / 2.4.1：

Mixed Metal Oxalate Hydrazinates: Precursors to Spinel Ferrites / 2.4.2：

Mixed Metal Oxalate Hydrates: Precursors to Metal Titanates / 2.4.3：

Mixed Metal Hydrazinium Hydrazine Carboxylates / 2.5：

Mixed Metal Hydrazinium Hydrazine Carboxylates: Precursors to Nano-Cobaltites and Ferrites / 2.5.1：

Mixed Metal Hydrazinium Hydrazine Carboxylates: Precursors to Mixed Ferrites / 2.5.2：

Mixed Metal Hydrazinium Hydrazine Carboxylates: Precursors to Manganites / 2.5.3：

Concluding Remarks / 2.6：

Solution Combustion Synthesis of Oxide Materials / 3：

Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) / 3.1：

Synthesis of Alumina / 3.2.1：

Mechanism of Aluminum Nitrate-Urea Combustion Reaction / 3.2.2：

Thermodynamic Calculation / 3.2.3：

Role of Fuels / 3.3：

A Recipe for the Synthesis of Various Classes of Oxides / 3.4：

Recipe for Nanomaterials / 3.4.1：

Salient Features of Solution Combustion Method / 3.5：

Alumina and Related Oxide Materials / 4：

[alpha]-Alumina / 4.1：

Metal Aluminates (MAl[subscript 2]O[subscript 4]) / 4.4：

Rare Earth Orthoaluminates (LnAlO[subscript 3]) / 4.5：

Garnets / 4.6：

Aluminum Borate / 4.7：

Tialite ([beta]-Al[subscript 2]TiO[subscript 5]) / 4.8：

Aluminum Phosphate / 4.9：

Alumina Composites / 4.10：

Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3]-SiO[subscript 2] System: Mullite / 4.10.1：

Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3]-SiO[subscript 2] System: Cordierite / 4.10.2：

Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3]-Si[subscript 3]N[subscript 4] System: SiAlON / 4.10.3：

Alumina Nanocomposites / 4.11：

Nanocatalysts, Dispersion of Nano-metals (Ag, Au, Pd, and Pt) in Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] / 4.11.1：

Nanopigments / 4.12：

Cobalt-Based Blue Alumina and Aluminates / 4.12.1：

Chromium-Doped Pink Alumina (Cr[superscript 3+]/Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3]): Ruby / 4.12.2：

Chromium-Doped Aluminates and Orthoaluminates (Cr[superscript 3+]/MAl[subscript 2]O[subscript 4](M = Mg & Zn)) and LaAlO[subscript 3]) / 4.12.3：

Nanophosphors / 4.13：

Phosphor Materials (Luminescence in Aluminum Oxide Hosts) / 4.13.1：

Nano-Ceria and Metal-Ion-Substituted Ceria / 4.14：

Synthesis and Properties of Nano-Ceria / 5.1：

Synthesis of Metal-Ion-Substituted Ceria / 5.3：

Characterization of Metal-Ion-Substituted Ceria / 5.4：

Oxygen Storage Materials / 5.5：

Metal-Ion-Substituted Ceria as Nanocatalysts / 5.6：

Ce[subscript 1-x]Pd[subscript x]O[subscript 2-delta] as a Three-Way Catalyst / 5.6.1：

Ce[subscript 1-x]Pt[subscript x]O[subscript 2-delta] / 5.6.2：

Ce[subscript 1-x]Rh[subscript x]O[subscript 2-delta] / 5.6.3：

Bimetal Ionic Catalysts (Ce[subscript 1-x]Pt[subscript x/2]O[subscript 2-delta]) / 5.6.4：

Nanocrystalline Fe[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] and Ferrites / 5.7：

Magnetic Materials / 6.1：

[gamma]-Fe[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] / 6.2：

Spinel Ferrites (MFe[subscript 2]O[subscript 4]) / 6.3：

Mixed Metal Ferrites / 6.4：

Li-Zn Ferrites / 6.4.1：

Mg-Zn Ferrites / 6.4.2：

Ni-Zn Ferrites / 6.4.3：

Rare Earth Orthoferrites / 6.5：

Garnets (Ln[subscript 3]Fe[subscript 5]O[subscript 12]) / 6.6：

Barium and Strontium Hexaferrites / 6.7：

Nano-Titania and Titanates / 6.8：

Nano-TiO[subscript 2] (Anatase) / 7.1：

Synthesis and Properties of Nano-TiO[subscript 2] (Anatase) / 7.2.1：

Photocatalytic Properties of Nano-TiO[subscript 2] / 7.3：

Metal-Ion-Substituted TiO[subscript 2] / 7.4：

Synthesis and Photocatalytic Properties of Ti[subscript 1-x]M[subscript x]O[subscript 2-delta] (M = Ag, Ce, Cu, Fe, V, W, and Zr) / 7.4.1：

Synthesis and Properties of Ti[subscript 1-x]Pd[subscript x]O[subscript 2-delta] / 7.4.2：

Catalytic Properties of Ti[subscript 1-x]Pd[subscript x]O[subscript 2-delta] / 7.4.3：

Titanates for Nuclear Waste Immobilization / 7.5：

Sintering and Microstructure Studies / 7.5.1：

Zirconia and Related Oxide Materials / 7.6：

Zirconia / 8.1：

Preparation and Properties of ZrO[subscript 2] / 8.2.1：

Stabilized Zirconia / 8.3：

Magnesia-Stabilized Zirconia / 8.3.1：

Calcia-Stabilized Zirconia / 8.3.2：

Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) / 8.3.3：

Nickel in Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (Ni-YSZ) / 8.3.4：

Nano-Zirconia Pigments / 8.4：

ZrO[subscript 2]-Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] System: ZTA / 8.5：

ZrO[subscript 2]-CeO[subscript 2] System / 8.6：

ZrO[subscript 2]-TiO[subscript 2] System (ZrTiO[subscript 4] and Zr[subscript 5]Ti[subscript 7]O[subscript 24]) / 8.7：

ZrO[subscript 2]-Ln[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] System: Pyrochlores / 8.8：

NASICONs / 8.9：

MZr[subscript 2]P[subscript 3]O[subscript 12](M = Na, K, 1/2 Ca, and 1/4 Zr) and NbZrP[subscript 3]O[subscript 12] / 8.9.1：

NASICON (Na Superionic Conductor) Materials (Na[subscript 1+x]Zr[subscript 2]P[subscript 3-x]Si[subscript x]O[subscript 12]) / 8.9.2：

Perovskite Oxide Materials / 8.10：

Dielectric Materials / 9.1：

MTiO[subscript 3], MZrO[subscript 3] (M = Ca, Sr, and Ba) / 9.2.1：

Lead-Based Dielectric Materials (PbTiO[subscript 3], PbZrO[subscript 3], PZT, and PLZT) / 9.2.2：

Relaxor Materials (PFN, PMN, PNN, and PZN) / 9.3：

Microwave Resonator Materials / 9.4：

Preparation and Properties of LnMO[subscript 3] (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) / 9.5：

Preparation and Properties of La[subscript 1-x]Sr[subscript x]MO[subscript 3] (M = Mn and Fe) / 9.6：

Nanocrystalline Oxide Materials for Special Applications / 9.7：

Synthesis and Properties of Simple Oxides / 10.1：

Metal Silicates / 10.2：

Ceramic Pigments / 10.3：

Borate Pigments / 10.3.1：

Metal Chromite Pigments / 10.3.2：

Silicate Pigments / 10.3.3：

Ceria-Based Pigment-Ce[subscript 1-x]Pr[subscript x]O[subscript 2-delta] / 10.3.4：

Eu[superscript 3+]-Ion-Doped Red Phosphors / 10.4：

Metal Vanadates / 10.5：

Rare Earth Metal Oxides (La[subscript 2]MO[subscript 4]) / 10.6：

Appendix A / 10.7：

Oxidizers (Metal Nitrates) / A.1：

Preparation of Titanyl Nitrate (TiO(NO[subscript 3])[subscript 2]) / A.1.1：

Fuels / A.2：

Carbohydrazide (CH), CH[subscript 6]N[subscript 4]O / A.2.1：

Oxalyl Dihydrazide (ODH), C[subscript 2]H[subscript 6]N[subscript 4]O[subscript 2] / A.2.2：

Tetraformal Trisazine (TFTA), C[subscript 4]H[subscript 16]N[subscript 6]O[subscript 2] / A.2.3：

N, N'-Diformyl Hydrazine (DFH), C[subscript 2]H[subscript 4]N[subscript 2]O[subscript 2] / A.2.4：

Maleic Hydrazide (MH), C[subscript 4]H[subscript 4]N[subscript 2]O[subscript 2] / A.2.5：

Malonic Acid Dihydrazide (MDH), C[subscript 3]H[subscript 8]N[subscript 4]O[subscript 2] / A.2.6：

3-Methyl Pyrazole 5-One (3MP5O), C[subscript 4]H[subscript 6]N[subscript 2]O / A.2.7：

Useful Suggestions / A.3：

Index

Foreword

Preface

Introduction / 1：

30.

図書

30. Microwaves : industrial, scientific, and medical applications

Jacques Thuery ; edited by Edward H. Grant

出版情報:	Boston : Artech House, c1992 xviii, 670 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名:	The Artech House microwave library
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Preface to the English Edition

Foreword

Microwaves / Part I：

Electromagnetism and Radiation / 1：

Electromagnetic spectrum, ISM bands / 1.1：

Electromagnetism / 1.2：

Radio broadcasting / 1.3：

Electromagnetic detection / 1.4：

Thermal applications / 1.5：

Microwaves in industry / 1.6：

The Laws of Radiation / 2：

Basic definitions / 2.1：

Maxwell's equations / 2.2：

Propagation equation / 2.3：

Plane wave / 2.4：

Spherical and cylindrical waves / 2.5：

Propagation media / 2.6：

Boundary conditions / 2.7：

Reflection and transmission / 2.8：

Guided propagation / 2.9：

Stationary wave / 2.10：

Electromagnetic cavities / 2.11：

Resonant modes / 2.11.1：

Energy balance / 2.11.2：

Power loss in the walls / 2.11.3：

Quality factor / 2.11.4：

Radiation sources / 2.12：

Characteristics / 2.12.1：

Radiation from a slot / 2.12.2：

Radiation of an aperture / 2.12.3：

Radiation from a horn / 2.12.4：

Radiation zones / 2.12.5：

Microwaves and Matter / 3：

Dielectric polarization / 3.1：

Polarization by dipole alignment in a static field / 3.2：

Polar and nonpolar media / 3.2.1：

Induced dipole moment / 3.2.2：

Permanent dipole moment / 3.2.3：

Dipole alignment polarization in an alternating field / 3.3：

Dielectric relaxation / 3.4：

Hysteresis / 3.4.1：

Debye equation / 3.4.2：

Intermolecular bonds / 3.4.3：

Relaxation time / 3.4.4：

Debye and Cole-Cole diagrams / 3.4.5：

Different types of dielectrics / 3.5：

Permittivity measurements / 3.5.1：

Lowloss dielectrics / 3.5.2：

Aqueous dielectrics / 3.5.3：

Mixtures / 3.5.4：

Saline solutions and biological constituents / 3.5.5：

Heat generation / 3.6：

Thermal runaway / 3.7：

Generators and applicators / 4：

Introduction / 4.1：

Microwave generators / 4.2：

The magnetron / 4.2.1：

Klystron and TWT / 4.2.2：

RF energy transmission / 4.2.3：

Applicators / 4.3：

Different types / 4.3.1：

Design constraints / 4.3.2：

Conclusion / 4.4：

Industrial Applications / Part II：

Drying

Humidity and drying

Drying kinetics

Microwave drying

Paper and printing industries

Paper / 1.4.1：

Printing inks / 1.4.2：

Glued products / 1.4.3：

Leather and textile industries

Leathers / 1.5.1：

Tufts and yarns / 1.5.2：

Dyeing and finishing / 1.5.3：

Tufted carpets / 1.5.4：

Construction

Wood and plywood / 1.6.1：

Plaster, concrete, and ceramics / 1.6.2：

Foundries / 1.7：

Rubbers and plastics / 1.8：

Drying of polymers / 1.8.1：

Photographic film and magnetic tape / 1.8.2：

Pharmaceutical industry / 1.9：

Drying of tobacco / 1.10：

Regeneration of zeolites / 1.11：

The treatment of elastomers

Macromolecules and

Principles of interaction / 2.1.1：

Relaxation mechanisms / 2.1.2：

Dielectric properties of elastomers / 2.1.3：

Vulcanization

Microwave vulcanization

Formulation of mixtures / 2.3.1：

Advantages and disadvantages of microwave vulcanization / 2.3.2：

Materials available / 2.3.3：

Thawing and preheating of rubber

Microwave devulcanization

Miscellaneous applications

Polymerization

Thermosetting and thermoplastic polymers / 3.1.1：

Microwave reticulation of thermosetting resins / 3.1.2：

Thermoplastic polymers / 3.1.3：

Fusion

Dewaxing of casting moulds

Viscous materials in metal

Oil and shale oil

Road repairs / 3.2.4：

Defrosting of soil / 3.2.5：

Consolidation

Hardening of foundry mouldings / 3.3.1：

Fast-setting concrete / 3.3.2：

Sintering of ferrites and ceramics / 3.3.3：

Emulsification

Crushing

Purification of coal

Nuclear waste treatment

Cellulosic waste treatment / 3.8：

Applications in the Food Industry / Part III：

Cooking

Mechanisms

Animal products

Red meat / 1.2.1：

Poultry / 1.2.2：

Bacon and fat / 1.2.3：

Meat patties / 1.2.4：

Fish / 1.2.5：

Dairy products / 1.2.6：

Vegetable products

Vegetables / 1.3.1：

Cereals and soya / 1.3.2：

Roasting / 1.3.3：

Catering

Baking

Bread

Doughnuts

Digestibility of foods cooked by microwaves

Thawing and tempering

Conventional thawing

Mechanisms of microwave

Dielectric properties of frozen products / 2.2.1：

Energy limitations / 2.2.2：

Surface cooling / 2.2.4：

Available equipment

896 and 915 MHz

2.45 GHz

Advantages of microwave processing

Industrial aspects / 2.4.1：

Qualitative aspects / 2.4.2：

Vaporization

Drying at atmospheric pressure

Final drying of potato chips

The drying of pasta

Miscellaneous food products

Drying at low pressure

Freeze drying

Expansion in vacuum

Various processes

Determination of dry content

Preservation

Enzymatic inactivation

Blanching of fruits and vegetables / 4.1.1：

Inactivation of [alpha]-amylase in wheat / 4.1.2：

Treatment of grains and soya beans / 4.1.3：

Sterilization

Prepared meals

Disinfestation / 5：

Soil treatment / 5.2：

Germination / 5.3：

Crop protection / 5.4：

Wine-making by carbonic fermentation / 5.5：

Opening of oysters / 5.6：

Biological Effects and Medical Applications / Part IV：

Interactions with the organism

Dielectric behavior of biological material

Biomolecules / 1.1.1：

Cells and membranes / 1.1.2：

Tissues / 1.1.3：

Quantum aspects

Basic interaction with cell membranes

Continuous wave

The modulated wave

Pearl chain formation

Thermal interaction with the living organism

Absorption and dosimetry

Experimental aspects

Modeling / 1.4.4：

Near-field interaction / 1.4.5：

Main results / 1.4.6：

Biological effects

Cells and micro-organisms

Blood and hematopoiesis

Immune system

Natural resistance

Lymphopoiesis

Multiplication of lymphocytes FcR[superscript +] and CR[superscript +]

Stimulation of the response of lymphocytes to mitogens / 2.3.4：

Modulation of the activity of activator T lymphocytes / 2.3.5：

Nervous system

Fluxes of calcium ions

Neurons and synapses

Blood-brain barrier / 2.4.3：

Central nervous system / 2.4.4：

Peripheral nervous system and sensory perception / 2.4.5：

Auditory perception / 2.4.6：

Autonomic nervous system / 2.4.7：

Psychophysiology / 2.4.8：

Endocrine system

Pituitary-thyroid axis / 2.5.1：

Pituitary-suprarenal axis / 2.5.2：

Pituitary-ovarian and pituitary-testicular axes / 2.5.3：

Growth hormones / 2.5.4：

Thermal regulation and metabolism

Effects on growth

Insects / 2.7.1：

Birds / 2.7.2：

Mammals / 2.7.3：

Lesions and cataracts

Safety standards

Soviet Union

United States of America

Eastern Europe

Canada

Australia

Sweden

European Community

International organisations

Biomedical applications

Hyperthermia for cancer treatment

Historical development

Mode of action

Integrated systems / 4.1.4：

Clinical results / 4.1.5：

Specific effects

Bioelectric vibrations

Antigenicity

Immune response

Clinical

Biological

Addresses

Index

Preface to the English Edition

Foreword

Microwaves / Part I：

31.

図書

31. Iron catalysis in organic chemistry : reactions and applications

edited by Bernd Plietker

出版情報:	Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, c2008 xv, 279 p. ; 25 cm
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Preface

List of Contributors

Iron Complexes in Organic Chemistry / Ingmar Bauer ; Hans-Joachim Knolker1：

Introduction / 1.1：

General Aspects of Iron Complex Chemistry / 1.2：

Electronic Configuration, Oxidation States, Structures / 1.2.1：

Fundamental Reactions / 1.2.2：

Organoiron Complexes and Their Applications / 1.3：

Binary Carbonyl-Iron Complexes / 1.3.1：

Alkene-Iron Complexes / 1.3.2：

Allyl- and Trimethylenemethane-Iron Complexes / 1.3.3：

Acyl- and Carbene-Iron Complexes / 1.3.4：

Diene-Iron Complexes / 1.3.5：

Ferrocenes / 1.3.6：

Arene-Iron Complexes / 1.3.7：

Catalysis Using Iron Complexes / 1.4：

Iron Complexes as Substrates and/or Products in Catalytic Reactions / 1.4.1：

Iron Complexes as Ligands for Other Transition Metal Catalysts / 1.4.2：

Iron Complexes as Catalytically Active Species / 1.4.3：

References

Iron Catalysis in Biological and Biomimetic Reactions / 2：

Non-heme Iron Catalysts in Biological and Biomimetic Transformations / Jens Muller2.1：

Introduction: Iron in Biological Processes / 2.1.1：

Non-heme Iron Proteins / 2.1.2：

Mononuclear Iron Sites / 2.1.2.1：

Dinuclear Iron Sites / 2.1.2.2：

Summary / 2.1.3：

Organic Reactions Catalyzed by Heme Proteins / Martin Broring2.2：

Classification and General Reactivity Schemes of Heme Proteins Used in Organic Synthesis / 2.2.1：

Organic Reactions Catalyzed by Cytochromes P450 / 2.2.2：

Organic Reactions Catalyzed by Heme Peroxidases / 2.2.3：

Dehydrogenations ("Peroxidase Reactivity") / 2.2.3.1：

Sulfoxidations ("Peroxygenase Reactivity") / 2.2.3.2：

Peroxide Disproportionation ("Catalase Reactivity") / 2.2.3.3：

Halogenation ("Haloperoxidase Reactivity") / 2.2.3.4：

Epoxidations ("Monoxygenase Activity") / 2.2.3.5：

Iron-catalyzed Oxidation Reactions / 3：

Oxidations of C-H and C=C Bonds / Agathe Christine Mayer ; Carsten Bolm3.1：

Gif Chemistry / 3.1.1：

Alkene Epoxidation / 3.1.2：

Alkene Dihydroxylation / 3.1.3：

The Kharasch Reaction and Related Reactions / 3.1.4：

Aziridination and Diamination / 3.1.5：

Oxidative Allylic Oxygenation and Amination / Sabine Laschat ; Volker Rabe ; Angelika Baro3.2：

Iron-catalyzed Allylic Oxidations / 3.2.1：

Simple Iron Salts / 3.2.2.1：

Fe(III) Complexes with Bidentate Ligands / 3.2.2.2：

Fe[superscript 3+]/Fe[superscript 2+] Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Complexes / 3.2.2.3：

Iron(III) Salen Complexes / 3.2.2.4：

Non-heme Iron Complexes with Tetra- and Pentadentate Ligands / 3.2.2.5：

Oxidative Allylic Aminations / 3.2.3：

Conclusion / 3.2.4：

Oxidation of Heteroatoms (N and S) / Olga Garcia Mancheno3.3：

Oxidation of Nitrogen Compounds / 3.3.1：

Oxidation of Hydroxylamines to Nitroso Compounds / 3.3.1.1：

Oxidation of Arylamines / 3.3.1.2：

Other N-Oxidations / 3.3.1.3：

Oxidation of Sulfur Compounds / 3.3.2：

Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides / 3.3.2.1：

Oxidation of Sulfides / 3.3.2.2：

Oxidative Imination of Sulfur Compounds / 3.3.2.3：

Reduction of Unsaturated Compounds with Homogeneous Iron Catalysts / Stephan Enthaler ; Kathrin Junge ; Matthias Beller4：

Hydrogenation of Carbonyl Compounds / 4.1：

Hydrogenation of Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds / 4.3：

Hydrogenation of Imines and Similar Compounds / 4.4：

Catalytic Hydrosilylations / 4.5：

Iron-catalyzed Cross-coupling Reactions / Andreas Leitner4.6：

Cross-coupling Reactions of Alkenyl Electrophiles / 5.1：

Cross-coupling Reactions of Aryl Electrophiles / 5.3：

Cross-coupling Reactions of Alkyl Electrophiles / 5.4：

Cross-coupling Reactions of Acyl Electrophiles / 5.5：

Iron-catalyzed Carbometallation Reactions / 5.6：

Iron-catalyzed Aromatic Substitutions / Jette Kischel ; Kristin Mertins ; Irina Jovel ; Alexander Zapf5.7：

General Aspects / 6.1：

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions / 6.2：

Halogenation Reactions / 6.2.1：

Nitration Reactions / 6.2.2：

Sulfonylation Reactions / 6.2.3：

Friedel-Crafts Acylations / 6.2.4：

Friedel-Crafts Alkylations / 6.2.5：

Alkylation with Alcohols, Ethers and Esters / 6.2.5.1：

Alkylation with Alkenes / 6.2.5.2：

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitutions / 6.3：

Iron-catalyzed Substitution Reactions / Bernd Plietker7：

Iron-catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitutions / 7.1：

Nucleophilic Substitutions of Non-activated C-X Bonds / 7.2.1：

Nucleophilic Substitutions Using Lewis Acidic Fe Catalysts / 7.2.1.1：

Substitutions Catalyzed by Ferrate Complexes / 7.2.1.3：

Nucleophilic Substitution of Allylic and Propargylic C-X Bonds / 7.2.2：

Reactions Catalyzed by Lewis Acidic Fe Salts / 7.2.2.1：

Nucleophilic Substitutions Involving Ferrates / 7.2.2.2：

Addition and Conjugate Addition Reactions to Carbonyl Compounds / Jens Christoffers ; Herbert Frey ; Anna Rosiak7.3：

Additions to Aldehydes and Ketones / 8.1：

Oxygen Nucleophiles / 8.2.1：

Carbon Nucleophiles / 8.2.2：

Additions to Imines and Iminium Ions / 8.3：

Additions to Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives / 8.4：

Conjugate Addition to [alpha],[beta]-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds / 8.4.1：

Michael Reactions / 8.5.1：

Vinylogous Michael Reactions / 8.5.1.2：

Asymmetric Michael Reactions / 8.5.1.3：

Michael Reactions in Ionic Liquids and Heterogeneous Catalysis / 8.5.1.4：

Nitrogen Nucleophiles / 8.5.2：

Synthesis of Heterocycles / 8.6：

Pyridine and Quinoline Derivatives / 8.6.1：

Pyrimidine and Pyrazine Derivatives / 8.6.2：

Benzo- and Dibenzopyrans / 8.6.3：

Iron-catalyzed Cycloadditions and Ring Expansion Reactions / Gerhard Hilt ; Judith Janikowski9：

Cycloisomerization and Alder-Ene Reaction / 9.1：

[2+1]-Cycloadditions / 9.3：

Iron-catalyzed Aziridine Formation / 9.3.1：

Iron-catalyzed Epoxide Formation / 9.3.2：

Iron-catalyzed Cyclopropane Formation / 9.3.3：

[2+2]-Cycloaddition / 9.4：

[4+1]-Cycloadditions / 9.5：

[4+2]-Cycloadditions / 9.6：

Diels-Alder Reactions with Normal Electron Demand / 9.6.1：

Diels-Alder Reactions with Neutral Electron Demand / 9.6.2：

Diels-Alder Reactions with Inverse Electron Demand / 9.6.3：

Cyclotrimerization / 9.7：

[3+2]-Cycloadditions / 9.8：

[3+3]-Cycloadditions / 9.9：

Ring Expansion Reactions / 9.10：

Index / 9.11：

Preface

List of Contributors

Iron Complexes in Organic Chemistry / Ingmar Bauer ; Hans-Joachim Knolker1：

32.

図書

32. Multiple bonds between metal atoms. 2nd ed

F. Albert Cotton and Richard A. Walton

出版情報:	Oxford : Clarendon Press , New York : Oxford University Press, 1993 xxii, 787 p. ; 25 cm
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Introduction and Survey

Prolog / 1.1：

From Werner to the new transition metal chemistry / 1.1.1：

Prior to about 1963 / 1.1.2：

How It All Began / 1.2：

Rhenium chemistry from 1963 to 1965 / 1.2.1：

The recognition of the quadruple bond / 1.2.2：

Initial work on other elements / 1.2.3：

An Overview of the Multiple Bonds / 1.3：

A qualitative picture of the quadruple bond / 1.3.1：

Bond orders less than four / 1.3.2：

Oxidation states / 1.3.3：

Growth of the Field / 1.4：

Going Beyond Two / 1.5：

Complexes of the Group 5 Elements

General Remarks / 2.1：

Divanadium Compounds / 2.2：

Triply-bonded divanadium compounds / 2.2.1：

Metal-metal vs metal-ligand bonding / 2.2.2：

Divanadium compounds with the highly reduced V₂³⁺ core / 2.2.3：

Diniobium Compounds / 2.3：

Diniobium paddlewheel complexes / 2.3.1：

Diniobium compounds with calix[4]arene ligands and related species / 2.3.2：

Tantalum / 2.4：

Chromium Compounds

Dichromium Tetracarboxylates / 3.1：

History and preparation / 3.1.1：

Properties of carboxylate compounds / 3.1.2：

Unsolvated Cr₂(O₂CR)₄ compounds / 3.1.3：

Other Paddlewheel Compounds / 3.2：

The first 'supershort' bonds / 3.2.1：

2-Oxopyridinate and related compounds / 3.2.2：

Carboxamidate compounds / 3.2.3：

Amidinate compounds / 3.2.4：

Guanidinate compounds / 3.2.5：

Miscellaneous Dichromium Compounds / 3.3：

Compounds with intramolecular axial interactions / 3.3.1：

Compounds with Cr-C bonds / 3.3.2：

Other pertinent results / 3.3.3：

Concluding Remarks / 3.4：

Molybdenum Compounds

Dimolybdenum Bridged by Carboxylates or Other O,O Ligands / 4.1：

General remarks / 4.1.1：

Mo₂(O₂CR)₄ compounds / 4.1.2：

Other compounds with bridging carboxyl groups / 4.1.3：

Paddlewheels with other O,O anion bridges / 4.1.4：

Paddlewheel Compounds with O,N, N,N and Other Bridging Ligands / 4.2：

Compounds with anionic O,N bridging ligands / 4.2.1：

Compounds with anionic N,N bridging ligands / 4.2.2：

Compounds with miscellaneous other anionic bridging ligands / 4.2.3：

Non-Paddlewheel Mo₂⁴⁺ Compounds / 4.3：

Mo₂X₈^4- and Mo₂X₆(H₂O)₂^2- compounds / 4.3.1：

[Mo₂X₈H]^3- compounds / 4.3.2：

Other aspects of dimolybdenum halogen compounds / 4.3.3：

M₂X₄L₄ and Mo₂X₄(LL)₂ compounds / 4.3.4：

Cationic complexes of Mo₂⁴⁺ / 4.3.5：

Complexes of Mo₂⁴⁺ with macrocyclic, polydentate and chelate ligands / 4.3.6：

Alkoxide compounds of the types Mo₂(OR)₄L₄ and Mo₂(OR)₄(LL)₂ / 4.3.7：

Other Aspects of Mo₂⁴⁺ Chemistry / 4.4：

Cleavage of Mo₂⁴⁺ compounds / 4.4.1：

Redox behavior of Mo₂⁴⁺ compounds / 4.4.2：

Hydrides and organometallics / 4.4.3：

Heteronuclear Mo-M compounds / 4.4.4：

An overview of Mo-Mo bond lengths in Mo₂⁴⁺ compounds / 4.4.5：

Higher-order Arrays of Dimolybdenum Units / 4.5：

General concepts / 4.5.1：

Two linked pairs with carboxylate spectator ligands / 4.5.2：

Two linked pairs with nonlabile spectator ligands / 4.5.3：

Squares: four linked pairs / 4.5.4：

Loops: two pairs doubly linked / 4.5.5：

Rectangular cyclic quartets / 4.5.6：

Other structural types / 4.5.7：

Tungsten Compounds

Multiple Bonds in Ditungsten Compounds / 5.1：

The W₂⁴⁺ Tetracarboxylates / 5.2：

W₂⁴⁺ Complexes Containing Anionic Bridging Ligands Other Than Carboxylate / 5.3：

W₂⁴⁺ Complexes without Bridging Ligands / 5.4：

Compounds coordinated by only anionic ligands / 5.4.1：

Compounds coordinated by four anionic ligands and four neutral ligands / 5.4.2：

Multiple Bonds in Heteronuclear Dimetal Compounds of Molybdenum and Tungsten / 5.5：

Paddlewheel Compounds with W₂⁵⁺ or W₂⁶⁺ Cores / 5.6：

X₃ M ≡ MX₃ Compounds of Molybdenum and Tungsten

Introduction / 6.1：

Homoleptic X₃M ≡ MX₃ Compounds / 6.2：

Synthesis and characterization of homoleptic M₂X₆ compounds / 6.2.1：

Bonding in M₂X₆ compounds / 6.2.2：

X₃M ≡ MX₃ Compounds as Molecular Precursors to Extended Solids / 6.2.3：

M₂X₂(NMe₂)₄ and M₂X₄(NMe₂)₂ Compounds / 6.3：

Other M₂X₂Y₄, M₂X_6-n Y_n and Related Compounds / 6.4：

Mo₂X₂(CH₂SiMe₃)₄ compounds / 6.4.1：

1,2-M₂R₂(NMe₂)₄ compounds and their derivatives / 6.4.2：

M₄ Complexes: Clusters or Dimers? / 6.5：

Molybdenum and tungsten twelve-electron clusters M₄(OR)₁₂ / 6.5.1：

M₄X₄(OPrⁱ)₈ (X = Cl, Br) and Mo₄Br₃(OPrⁱ)₉ / 6.5.2：

W₄ (p-tolyl)₂ (OPrⁱ)₁₀ / 6.5.3：

W₄O(X)(OPrⁱ)₉, (X = Cl or OPrⁱ) / 6.5.4：

K(18-crown-6)₂Mo₄(μ₄-H)(OCH₂Bu^t)₁₂ / 6.5.5：

Linked M₄ units containing localized MM triple bonds / 6.5.6：

M₂X₆L, M₂X₆L₂ and Related Compounds / 6.6：

Mo₂(CH₂Ph)₂(OPrⁱ)₄(PMe₃) and [Mo₂(OR)₇]^- / 6.6.1：

M₂(OR)₆L₂ compounds and their congeners / 6.6.2：

Amido-containing compounds / 6.6.3：

Mo₂Br₂(CHSiMe₃)₂(PMe₃)₄ / 6.6.4：

Calix[4]arene complexes / 6.6.5：

Triple Bonds Uniting Five- and Six-Coordinate Metal Atoms / 6.7：

Redox Reactions at the M₂⁶⁺ Unit / 6.8：

Organometallic Chemistry of M₂(OR)₆ and Related Compounds / 6.9：

Carbonyl adducts and their products / 6.9.1：

Isocyanide complexes / 6.9.2：

Reactions with alkynes / 6.9.3：

Reactions with C≡N bonds / 6.9.4：

Reactions with C=C bonds / 6.9.5：

Reactions with H₂ / 6.9.6：

Reactions with organometallic compounds / 6.9.7：

(η-C₅H₄R)₂W₂X₄ compounds where R = Me, Prⁱ and X = Cl, Br / 6.9.8：

Conclusion / 6.10：

Technetium Compounds

Synthesis and Properties of Technetium / 7.1：

Preparation of Dinuclear and Polynuclear Technetium Compounds / 7.2：

Bonds of Order 4 and 3.5 / 7.3：

Tc₂⁶⁺ and Tc₂⁵⁺ Carboxylates and Related Species with Bridging Ligands / 7.4：

Bonds of Order 3 / 7.5：

Hexanuclear and Octanuclear Technetium Clusters / 7.6：

Rhenium Compounds

The Last Naturally Occurring Element to Be Discovered / 8.1：

Synthesis and Structure of the Octachlorodirhenate(III) Anion / 8.2：

Synthesis and Structure of the Other Octahalodirhenate(III) Anions / 8.3：

Substitution Reactions of the Octahalodirhenate(III) Anions that Proceed with Retention of the Re₂⁶⁺ Core / 8.4：

Monodentate anionic ligands / 8.4.1：

The dirhenium(III) carboxylates / 8.4.2：

Other anionic ligands / 8.4.3：

Neutral ligands / 8.4.4：

Dirhenium Compounds with Bonds of Order 3.5 and 3 / 8.5：

The first metal-metal triple bond: Re₂Cl₅(CH₃SCH₂CH₂SCH₃)₂ and related species / 8.5.1：

Simple electron-transfer chemistry involving the octahalodirhenate(III) anions and related species that contain quadruple bonds / 8.5.2：

Oxidation of [Re₂X₈]^2- to the nonahalodirhenate anions [Re₂X₉]^n- (n = 1 or 2) / 8.5.3：

Re₂⁵⁺ and Re₂⁴⁺ halide complexes that contain phosphine ligands / 8.5.4：

Other Re₂⁵⁺ and Re₂⁴⁺ complexes / 8.5.5：

Other dirhenium compounds with triple bonds / 8.5.6：

Dirhenium Compounds with Bonds of Order Less than 3 / 8.6：

Cleavage of Re-Re Multiple Bonds by o-donor and π-acceptor Ligands / 8.7：

σ-Donor ligands / 8.7.1：

Jπ-Acceptor ligands / 8.7.2：

Other Types of Multiply Bonded Dirhenium Compounds / 8.8：

Postscript on Recent Developments / 8.9：

Ruthenium Compounds

Ru₂⁵⁺ Compounds / 9.1：

Ru₂⁵⁺ compounds with O,O′-donor bridging ligands / 9.2.1：

Ru₂⁵⁺ compounds with N,O-donor bridging ligands / 9.2.2：

Ru₂⁵⁺ compounds with N,N′-donor bridging ligands / 9.2.3：

Ru₂⁴⁺ Compounds / 9.3：

Ru₂⁴⁺ compounds with O,O′-donor bridging ligands / 9.3.1：

Ru₂⁴⁺ compounds with N,O-donor bridging ligands / 9.3.2：

Ru₂⁴⁺ compounds with N,N′-donor bridging ligands / 9.3.3：

Ru₂⁶⁺ Compounds / 9.4：

Ru₂⁶⁺ compounds with O,O′-donor bridging ligands / 9.4.1：

Ru₂⁶⁺ compounds with N,N′-donor bridging ligands / 9.4.2：

Compounds with Macrocyclic Ligands / 9.5：

Applications / 9.6：

Catalytic activity / 9.6.1：

Biological importance / 9.6.2：

Osmium Compounds

Syntheses, Structures and Reactivity of Os₂⁶⁺ Compounds / 10.1：

Syntheses and Structures of Os₂⁵⁺ Compounds / 10.2：

Syntheses and Structures of Other Os₂ Compounds / 10.3：

Magnetism, Electronic Structures, and Spectroscopy / 10.4：

Iron, Cobalt and Iridium Compounds / 10.5：

Di-iron Compounds / 11.1：

Dicobalt Compounds / 11.3：

Tetragonal paddlewheel compounds / 11.3.1：

Trigonal paddlewheel compounds / 11.3.2：

Dicobalt compounds with unsupported bonds / 11.3.3：

Compounds with chains of cobalt atoms / 11.3.4：

Di-iridium Compounds / 11.4：

Paddlewheel compounds and related species / 11.4.1：

Unsupported Ir-Ir bonds / 11.4.2：

Other species with Ir-Ir bonds / 11.4.3：

Iridium blues / 11.4.4：

Rhodium Compounds

Dirhodium Tetracarboxylato Compounds / 12.1：

Preparative methods and classification / 12.2.1：

Structural studies / 12.2.2：

Other Dirhodium Compounds Containing Bridging Ligands / 12.3：

Complexes with fewer than four carboxylate bridging groups / 12.3.1：

Complexes supported by hydroxypyridinato, carboxamidato and other (N, O) donor monoanionic bridging groups / 12.3.2：

Complexes supported by amidinato and other (N, N) donor bridging groups / 12.3.3：

Complexes supported by sulfur donor bridging ligands / 12.3.4：

Complexes supported by phosphine and (P, N) donor bridging ligands / 12.3.5：

Complexes supported by carbonate, sulfate and phosphate bridging groups / 12.3.6：

Dirhodium Compounds with Unsupported Rh-Rh Bonds / 12.4：

The dirhodium(II) aquo ion / 12.4.1：

The [Rh₂(NCR)₁₀]⁴⁺ cations / 12.4.2：

Complexes with chelating and macrocyclic nitrogen ligands / 12.4.3：

Other Dirhodium Compounds / 12.5：

Complexes with isocyanide ligands / 12.5.1：

Rhodium blues / 12.5.2：

Reactions of Rh₂⁴⁺ Compounds / 12.6：

Oxidation to Rh₂⁵⁺ and Rh₂⁶⁺ species / 12.6.1：

Cleavage of the Rh-Rh bond / 12.6.2：

Applications of Dirhodium Compounds / 12.7：

Catalysis / 12.7.1：

Supramolecular arrays based on dirhodium building blocks / 12.7.2：

Biological applications of dirhodium compounds / 12.7.3：

Photocatalytic reactions / 12.7.4：

Other applications / 12.7.5：

Chiral Dirhodium(II) Catalysts and Their Applications

Synthetic and Structural Aspects of Chiral Dirhodium(II) Carboxamidates / 13.1：

Synthetic and Structural Aspects of Dirhodium(II) Complexes Bearing Orthometalated Phosphines / 13.3：

Dirhodium(II) Compounds as Catalysts / 13.4：

Catalysis of Diazo Decomposition / 13.5：

Chiral Dirhodium(II) Carboxylates / 13.6：

Chiral Dirhodium(II) Carboxamidates / 13.7：

Catalytic Asymmetric Cyclopropanation and Cyclopropenation / 13.8：

Intramolecular reactions / 13.8.1：

Intermolecular reactions / 13.8.2：

Cyclopropenation / 13.8.3：

Macrocyclization / 13.8.4：

Metal Carbene Carbon-Hydrogen Insertion / 13.9：

Catalytic Ylide Formation and Reactions / 13.9.1：

Additional Transformations of Diazo Compounds Catalyzed by Dirhodium(II) / 13.11：

Silicon-Hydrogen Insertion / 13.12：

Nickel, Palladium and Platinum Compounds

Dinickel Compounds / 14.1：

Dipalladium Compounds / 14.3：

A singly bonded Pd₂⁶⁺ species / 14.3.1：

Chemistry of Pd₂⁵⁺ and similar species / 14.3.2：

Other compounds with Pd-Pd interactions / 14.3.3：

Diplatinum Compounds / 14.4：

Complexes with sulfate and phosphate bridges / 14.4.1：

Complexes with pyrophosphite and related ligands / 14.4.2：

Complexes with carboxylate, formamidinate and related ligands / 14.4.3：

Complexes containing monoanionic bridging ligands with N,O and N,S donor sets / 14.4.4：

Unsupported Pt-Pt bonds / 14.4.5：

Dinuclear Pt₂⁵⁺ species / 14.4.6：

The platinum blues / 14.4.7：

Other compounds

Extended Metal Atom Chains

Overview / 15.1：

EMACs of Chromium / 15.2：

EMACs of Cobalt / 15.3：

EMACs of Nickel and Copper / 15.4：

EMACs of Ruthenium and Rhodium / 15.5：

Other Metal Atom Chains / 15.6：

Physical, Spectroscopic and Theoretical Results

Structural Correlations / 16.1：

Bond orders and bond lengths / 16.1.1：

Internal rotation / 16.1.2：

Axial ligands / 16.1.3：

Comparison of second and third transition series homologs / 16.1.4：

Disorder in crystals / 16.1.5：

Rearrangements of M₂X₈ type molecules / 16.1.6：

Diamagnetic anisotropy of M-M multiple bonds / 16.1.7：

Thermodynamics / 16.2：

Thermochemical data / 16.2.1：

Bond energies / 16.2.2：

Electronic Structure Calculations / 16.3：

Background / 16.3.1：

[M₂X₈]^n- and M₂X₄(PR₃)₄ species / 16.3.2：

The M₂(O₂CR)₄ (M = Cr, Mo, W) molecules / 16.3.3：

M₂(O₂CR)₄R′₂ (M = Mo, W) compounds / 16.3.4：

Dirhodium species / 16.3.5：

Diruthenium compounds / 16.3.6：

M₂X₆ molecules (M = Mo, W) / 16.3.7：

Other calculations / 16.3.8：

Electronic Spectra / 16.4：

Details of the δ manifold of states / 16.4.1：

Observed δ → δ* transitions / 16.4.2：

Other electronic absorption bands of Mo₂, W₂, Tc₂ and Re₂ species / 16.4.3：

Spectra of Rh₂, Pt₂, Ru₂ and Os₂ compounds / 16.4.4：

CD and ORD spectra / 16.4.5：

Excited state distortions inferred from vibronic structure / 16.4.6：

Emission spectra and photochemistry / 16.4.7：

Photoelectron Spectra / 16.5：

Paddlewheel molecules / 16.5.1：

Other tetragonal molecules / 16.5.2：

M₂X₆ molecules / 16.5.3：

Miscellaneous other PES results / 16.5.4：

Vibrational Spectra / 16.6：

M-M stretching vibrations / 16.6.1：

M-L stretching vibrations / 16.6.2：

Other types of Spectra / 16.7：

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance / 16.7.1：

X-Ray spectra, EXAFS, and XPS / 16.7.2：

Abbreviations

Index

Introduction and Survey

Prolog / 1.1：

From Werner to the new transition metal chemistry / 1.1.1：

33.

図書

33. Regio- and stereo-controlled oxidations and reductions

edited by Stanley M. Roberts, John Whittall

出版情報:	Chichester : J. Wiley & Sons, c2007 xxii, 312 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名:	Catalysts for fine chemical synthesis ; v. 5
子書誌情報:	loading…
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目次情報: 続きを見る

Series Preface

Preface to Volume 5

Abbreviations

Industrial Catalysts for Regio- or Stereo-Selective Oxidations and Reductions A Review of Key Technologies and Targets / John Whittall1：

Introduction / 1.1：

Reduction of Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds / 1.2：

Privileged structures: [alpha]-amino acids and itaconic acids / 1.2.1：

[beta]-Amino acids / 1.2.2：

[alpha]-Alkyl substituted acids / 1.2.3：

[alpha]-Alkoxy substituted acids / 1.2.4：

Unsaturated nitriles / 1.2.5：

Alkenes and allyl alcohols / 1.2.6：

[alpha],[beta]-Unsaturated aldehyde reduction / 1.2.7：

Ketone and Imine Reduction / 1.3：

Catalytic hydrogenation of ketones and imines / 1.3.1：

Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) catalysts / 1.3.2：

Modified borane reagents / 1.3.3：

Biocatalysts (alcohol dehydrogenases and ketoreductases) / 1.3.4：

Oxidation / 1.4：

Sharpless chiral epoxidation of allyl alcohols / 1.4.1：

Dioxirane catalyzed epoxidation / 1.4.2：

Amines and iminium salts / 1.4.3：

Phase transfer catalysts / 1.4.4：

The Julia-Colonna method (polyleucine oxidation) / 1.4.5：

Organocatalytic [alpha]-hydroxylation of ketones / 1.4.6：

Baeyer-Villiger oxidation / 1.4.7：

Chiral sulfoxides / 1.4.8：

References

Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Alkenes, Enones, Ene-Esters and Ene-Acids / 2：

(S)-2,2[prime]-Bis{[di(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphinyl]oxy}-5,5[prime],6,6[prime],7,7[prime],8,8[prime]-octahydro-1,1[prime]-binaphthyl as a ligand for rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation / Ildiko Gergely ; Csaba Hegedus ; Jozsef Bakos2.1：

Synthesis of (S)-5,5[prime],6,6[prime],7,7[prime],8,8[prime]-Octahydro-1,1[prime]-bi-2-naphthol / 2.1.1：

Synthesis of (S)-2,2[prime]-Bis{[di(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphinyl]oxy}-5,5[prime],6,6[prime],7,7[prime],8,8[prime]-octahydro-1,1[prime]-binaphthyl / 2.1.2：

Asymmetric hydrogenation of Dimethyl itaconate / 2.1.3：

Conclusion

Synthesis and application of phosphinite oxazoline iridium complexes for the asymmetric hydrogenation of alkenes / Frederik Menges ; Andreas Pfaltz2.2：

Synthesis of (4S,5S)-2-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-oxazol-4-yl)-1,3-diphenyl-propan-2-ol / 2.2.1：

Synthesis of (4S,5S)-O-[1-Benzyl-1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-oxazol-4-yl)-2-phenyl-ethyl]-diphenylphosphinite / 2.2.2：

Synthesis of (4S,5S)-[([eta superscript 4]-1,5-Cyclooctadiene)-{2-(2-phenyl-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-oxazol-4-yl)-1,3-diphenyl-2-diphenylphosphinite-propane}iridium(I)]-tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate / 2.2.3：

Asymmetric hydrogenation of trans-[alpha]-Methylstilbene / 2.2.4：

Synthesis and application of heterocyclic phosphine oxazoline (HetPHOX) iridium complexes for the asymmetric hydrogenation of alkenes / Pier Giorgio Cozzi2.3：

Synthesis of (4S)-tert-Butyl-2-(thiophene-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole / 2.3.1：

Synthesis of (4S)-tert-Butyl-2-(3-diphenylphosphino-thiophene-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole / 2.3.2：

Synthesis of (4S)-[([eta superscript 4]-1,5-Cyclooctadiene)-{4-tert-butyl-2-(3-diphenylphosphino-thiophene-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole}iridium(I)]-tetrakis [3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate / 2.3.3：

(R)-2,2[prime],6,6[prime]-Tetramethoxy-bis[di(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]-3,3[prime]-bipyridine [(R)-Xyl-P-Phos] as a ligand for rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of [alpha]-dehydroamino acids / Jing Wu ; Albert S.C. Chan2.3.4：

Synthesis of 3-Bromo-2,6-dimethoxypyridine / 2.4.1：

Synthesis of Bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphine chloride / 2.4.2：

Synthesis of 3-Bromo-2,6-dimethoxy-4-di(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphinopyridine / 2.4.3：

2,2[prime],6,6[prime]-Tetramethoxy-bis[di(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphinoyl]-3,3[prime]-bipyridine / 2.4.4：

Optical resolution of ([plus or minus])-6 with (-) or (+)-2,3-0,0[prime]-Dibenzoyltartaric acid monohydrate [(R)-6 or (S)-6)] / 2.4.6：

(R)-2,2[prime],6,6[prime]-Tetramethoxy-bis[di(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]-3,3[prime]-bipyridine [(R)-Xyl-P-Phos, (R)-1] / 2.4.7：

Preparation of the stock solution of [Rh(R-Xyl-P-Phos)(COD)]BF[subscript 4] / 2.4.8：

A typical procedure for the asymmetric hydrogenation of methyl (Z)-2-Acetamidocinnamate / 2.4.9：

(R,R)-2,3-Bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline (QuinoXP) as a ligand for rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of prochiral amino acid and amine derivatives / Tsuneo Imamoto ; Aya Koide2.5：

Synthesis of (R)-tert-Butyl(hydroxymethyl)methylphosphine-borane / 2.5.1：

Synthesis of (R)-Benzoyloxy(tert-butyl)methylphosphine-borane / 2.5.2：

Synthesis of (S)-tert-Butylmethylphosphine-borane / 2.5.3：

(R,R)-2,3-Bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline (QuinoxP) / 2.5.4：

Asymmetric hydrogenation of Methyl (E)-3-acetylamino-2-butenoate catalyzed by Rh(I)-(R,R)-2,3-Bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline / 2.5.5：

Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of indoles / Ryoichi Kuwano ; Masaya Sawamura2.6：

Synthesis of (R)-2-[(S)-1-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-1-iodoferrocene / 2.6.1：

Synthesis of (R)-2-[(S)-1-(Diphenylphosphinyl)ethyl]-1-iodoferrocene / 2.6.2：

Synthesis of (R,R)-2,2[prime]-Bis[(S)-1-(diphenylphosphinyl)ethyl]-1,1[Prime]-biferrocene / 2.6.3：

Synthesis of (R,R)-2,2[Prime]-Bis[(S)-1-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl]-1,1[Prime]-biferrocene [abbreviated to (S,S)-(R,R)-PhTRAP] / 2.6.4：

Catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of N-Acetyl-2-butylindole / 2.6.5：

Catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of 3-Methyl-N-(p-toluenesulfonyl)indole / 2.6.6：

Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones / 3：

(R,R)-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,3-diphenylpropane as a versatile ligand for enantioselective hydrogenations / Natalia Dubrovina ; Armin Borner3.1：

Synthesis of (S,S)-1,3-Diphenylpropane-1,3-diol / 3.1.1：

Synthesis of (S,S)-Methanesulfonyloxy-1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-diol / 3.1.2：

Synthesis of (R,R)-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,3-diphenylpropane / 3.1.3：

Synthesis of both enantiomers of 1-Phenylethanol by reduction of acetophenone with Geotrichum candidum IFO 5767 / Kaoru Nakamura ; Mikio Fujii ; Yoshiteru Ida3.2：

Cultivation of G. candidum IFO 5767 / 3.2.1：

Synthesis of (S)-1-Phenylethanol / 3.2.2：

Synthesis of (R)-1-Phenylethanol / 3.2.3：

Titanocene-catalyzed reduction of ketones in the presence of water. A convenient procedure for the synthesis of alcohols via free-radical chemistry / Antonio Rosales ; Juan M. Cuerva ; J. Enrique Oltra3.3：

Titanocene-catalyzed reduction of Acetophenone in the presence of water / 3.3.1：

Titanocene-catalyzed synthesis of Methyl 4-deuterio-4-phenyl-4-hydroxybutanoate / 3.3.2：

Xyl-tetraPHEMP: a highly efficient biaryl ligand in the [diphosphine RuCl[subscript 2] diamine]-catalyzed hydrogenation of simple aromatic ketones / Paul H. Moran ; Julian P. Henschke ; Antonio Zanotti-Gerosa ; Ian C. Lennon3.4：

Synthesis of Tri(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphine oxide / 3.4.1：

Synthesis of Bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-(2-iodo-3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphine oxide / 3.4.2：

Synthesis of rac-4,4[prime],6,6[prime]-Tetramethyl-2,2[prime]-bis[bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphinoyl]-biphenyl / 3.4.3：

Synthesis of rac-4,4[prime],6,6[prime]-Tetramethyl-2,2[prime]-bis[bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]-biphenyl [abbreviated to (rac)-Xyl-tetraPHEMP] / 3.4.4：

Synthesis of [(R)-N,N-Dimethyl(1-methyl)benzylaminato-C[superscript 2],N]-{rac-4,4[prime],6,6[prime]-tetramethyl-2,2[prime]-bis[bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]-biphenyl}-palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate and separation of the diastereomers / 3.4.5：

Synthesis of (S)-4,4[prime],6,6[prime]-Tetramethyl-2,2[prime]-bis[bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]-biphenyl: [abbreviated to (S)-Xyl-tetraPHEMP) and (R)-4,4[prime],6,6[prime]-Tetramethyl-2,2[prime]-bis[bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]-biphenyl [abbreviated to (R)-Xyl-tetraPHEMP] / 3.4.6：

Synthesis of [(R)-Xyl-tetraPHEMP RuCl[subscript 2] (R,R)-DPEN] and [(S)-Xyl-tetraPHEMP RuCl[subscript 2] (S,S)-DPEN] / 3.4.7：

Reduction of Acetophenone using [(S)-Xyl-tetraPHEMP RuCl[subscript 2] (S,S)-DPEN] as a precatalyst / 3.4.8：

N-Arenesulfonyl- and N-Alkylsulfamoyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine ligands for ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of activated ketones / Michel (Massoud S.) Stephan ; Barbara Mohar3.5：

Synthesis of N-Arenesulfonyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamines / 3.5.1：

Preparation of Ru(II)-N-arenesulfonyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine complexes / 3.5.2：

Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of Ethyl benzoylacetate / 3.5.3：

The synthesis and application of BrXuPHOS: a novel monodentate phosphorus ligand for the asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones / Martin Wills ; Yingjian Xu ; Garden Docherty ; Gary Woodward3.6：

Synthesis of (S)-BrXuPHOS / 3.6.1：

Synthesis of (S,S,SS)-BrXuPHOS-Ru-DPEN / 3.6.2：

General procedure of asymmetric hydrogenation of acetophenone / 3.6.3：

Acknowledgement

In Situ formation of ligand and catalyst: application in ruthenium-catalyzed enantioselective reduction of ketones / Jenny Wettergren ; Hans Adolfsson3.7：

Synthesis of (S)-3-Fluoro-1-phenylethanol / 3.7.1：

Synphos and Difluorphos as ligands for ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogenation of alkenes and ketones / Severine Jeulin ; Virginie Ratovelomanana-Vidal ; Jean-Pierre Genet3.8：

Synthesis of [RuCl((S)-SYNPHOS)(p-cymene)]Cl / 3.8.1：

Synthesis of [RuCl((S)-DIFLUORPHOS)(p-cymene)]Cl / 3.8.2：

Synthesis of [RuI((S)-DIFLUORPHOS)(p-cymene)]I / 3.8.3：

Synthesis of [NH[subscript 2]R[subscript 2]] [(RuCl(PP))[subscript 2]([Mu]-Cl)[subscript 3]] PP = SYNPHOS or DIFLUORPHOS and R = Me or Et / 3.8.4：

Synthesis of [NH[subscript 2]Me[subscript 2]][RuCl-(S)-DIFLUORPHOS][subscript 2][[Mu]-Cl][subscript 3] / 3.8.5：

Synthesis of in situ generated [RuBr[subscript 2]((S)-SYNPHOS)] and [RuBr[subscript 2]((S)-DIFLUORPHOS)] / 3.8.6：

An arene ruthenium complex with polymerizable side chains for the synthesis of immobilized catalysts / Estelle Burri ; Silke B. Wendicke ; Kay Severin3.9：

Synthesis of 2-Methyl-cyclohexa-2,5-dienecarboxylic acid 2-(2-methyl-acryloyloxy)-ethyl ester / 3.9.1：

Synthesis of [[eta superscript 6]-(2-Methyl-benzoic acid 2-(2-methyl-acryloyloxy)-ethyl ester)RuCl[subscript 2]][subscript 2] / 3.9.2：

Selective reduction of carbonyl group in [beta], [gamma]-unsaturated [alpha]-alpha-ketoesters by transfer hydrogenation with Ru-(p-cymene) (TsDPEN) / Minjie Guo ; Dao Li ; Yanhui Sun ; Zhaoguo Zhang3.10：

Synthesis of Di-[Mu]-chloro-bis[chloro([eta superscript 6]-1-isopropyl-4-methyl-benzene)ruthenium(II) / 3.10.1：

Synthesis of ([plus or minus])-Monotosylate-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethylenediamine / 3.10.2：

Synthesis of Ru complex Ru(p-cymene)(TsDPEN) / 3.10.3：

Ru-TsDPEN catalyzed transfer hydrogenation reaction of [beta],[gamma]-unsaturated-[alpha]-ketoesters / 3.10.4：

Preparation of polymer-supported Ru-TsDPEN catalysts and their use for the enantioselective synthesis of (S)-fluoxetine / Liting Chai ; Yangzhou Li ; Quanrui Wang3.11：

Synthesis of the supported ligand 9 / 3.11.1：

Synthesis of ligand 17 / 3.11.2：

General procedure for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation / 3.11.3：

Preparation of (S)-Fluoxetine hydrochloride / 3.11.4：

Polymer-supported chiral sulfonamide-catalyzed reduction of [beta]-keto nitriles: a practical synthesis of (R)-Fluoxetine / Guang-yin Wang ; Gang Zhao3.12：

Synthesis of (R)-3-Amino-1-phenyl-propan-1-ol / 3.12.1：

Synthesis of (R)-ethyl 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropylcarbamate / 3.12.2：

Synthesis of (R)-3-(Methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol / 3.12.3：

Synthesis of (R)-Fluoxetine / 3.12.4：

Imine Reduction and Reductive Amination / 4：

Metal-free reduction of imines: enantioselective Bronsted acid-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation using chiral BINOL-phosphates as catalysts / Magnus Rueping ; Erli Sugiono ; Cengiz Azap ; Thomas Theissmann4.1：

Synthesis of (R)-2,2[prime]-Bis-methoxymethoxy-[1,1[prime]] binaphthalene (MOM-BINOL) / 4.1.1：

Synthesis of (R)-3,3[prime]-Diiodo-2,2[prime]-bis(methoxymethoxy)-1,1[prime]-binaphthalene / 4.1.2：

Synthesis of 3,3[prime]-Bis-(3,5[prime]-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2,2[prime]-bismethoxymethoxy [1,1[prime]-binaphthalene] / 4.1.3：

Synthesis of (R)-3,3[prime]-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,1[prime]-binaphthylphosphate / 4.1.4：

General procedure for the transfer hydrogenation of ketimines / 4.1.5：

Synthesis of [1-(2,4-Dimethyl-phenyl)-ethyl]-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-amine / 4.1.6：

Metal-free Bronsted acid-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation: enantioselective synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines / Andrey P. Antonchick4.2：

General procedure for the transfer hydrogenation of quinolines / 4.2.1：

Synthesis of 7-Chloro-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline / 4.2.2：

Synthesis of (S)-2-Phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline / 4.2.3：

Synthesis of (R)-2-(2-(Benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)ethyl)-1,2.3,4-tetrahydro-quinoline / 4.2.4：

A highly stereoselective synthesis of 3[alpha]-Amino-23,24-bisnor-5[alpha]-cholane via reductive amination / Sharaf Nawaz Khan ; Nam Ju Cho ; Hong-Seok Kim4.3：

Synthesis of Tris[(2-ethylhexanoyl)oxy]borohydride / 4.3.1：

Synthesis of 3[alpha]-Acetamino-23,24-bisnor-5[alpha]-cholane / 4.3.2：

Synthesis of 3[alpha]-N-1-[N(3-[4-Aminobutyl])-1,3-diaminopropane]-23,24-bisnor-5[alpha]-cholane / 4.3.3：

Acknowledgements

Oxidation of Primary and Secondary Alcohols / 5：

Copper(Il) catalyzed oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes with atmospheric oxygen / Suribabu Jammi ; Tharmalingan Punniyamurthy5.1：

Synthesis of copper(II) complex 1 / 5.1.1：

Typical procedure for the oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes / 5.1.2：

Solvent-free dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols in the absence of hydrogen abstractors using Robinson's catalyst / G.B.W.L Ligthart ; R.H. Meijer ; J. v. Buijtenen ; J. Meuldijk ; J.A.J.M. Vekemans ; L.A. Hulshof5.2：

Dehydrogenation of 2-Octanol using Ru(OCOCF[subscript 3])[subscript 2](CO)(PPh[subscript 3])[subscript 2] as a catalyst / 5.2.1：

2-Iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX)/n-Bu[subscript 4]NBr/CH[subscript 2]Cl[subscript 2]-H[subscript 2]O: a mild system for the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols / Krisada Kittigowittana ; Manat Pohmakotr ; Vichai Reutrakul ; Chutima Kuhakarn5.3：

Synthesis of 1-Hydroxy-5-decanone / 5.3.1：

Hydroxylation, Epoxidation and Related Reactions / 6：

Proline-catalyzed [alpha]-aminoxylation of aldehydes and ketones / Yujiro Hayashi ; Mitsuru Shoji6.1：

Synthesis of (R)-2-Anilinoxypropanol / 6.1.1：

Synthesis of (R)-7-Anilinoxy-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-one / 6.1.2：

Ru/Silia Cat TEMPO-mediated oxidation of alkenes to [alpha]-hydroxyacids / Rosaria Ciriminna ; Mario Pagliaro6.2：

Synthesis of Silia Cat TEMPO / 6.2.1：

Synthesis of 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1,2-propanediol / 6.2.2：

Synthesis of 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1,2-hydroxypropanoic acid / 6.2.3：

Catalytic enantioselective epoxidation of trans-disubstituted and trisubstituted alkenes with arabinose-derived ulose / Tony K. M. Shing ; Gulice Y.C. Leung ; To Luk6.3：

Synthesis of 2[prime],3[prime]-Diisobutyl acetal / 6.3.1：

Synthesis of ulose / 6.3.2：

Asymmetric epoxidation of trans-[alpha]-Methylstilbene using ulose as catalyst at 0 [degree]C / 6.3.3：

VO(acac)[subscript 2]/TBHP catalyzed epoxidation of 2-(2-Alkenyl)phenols. highly regio- and diastereoselective oxidative cyclisation to 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuranols and 3-Chromanols / Alessandra Lattanzi ; Arrigo Scettri6.4：

VO(acac)[subscript 2]/TBHP catalyzed epoxidation of 2-(3,7-Dimethyl-octa-2,6-dienyl)-phenol / 6.4.1：

VO(acac)[subscript 2]/TBHP/TFA catalyzed oxidative cyclization of 2-(3,7-Dimethyl-octa-2,6-dienyl)-phenol / 6.4.2：

An Oxalolidinone ketone catalyst for the asymmetric epoxidation of cis-olefins / David Goeddel ; Yian Shi6.5：

Amadori rearrangement to give 1-Dibenzylamino-1-deoxy-D-fructose / 6.5.1：

Acetal protection of 1-Dibenzylamino-1-deoxy-D-fructose / 6.5.2：

Hydrogenation of the Dibenzylamine / 6.5.3：

Phosgene cyclization of aminoalcohol / 6.5.4：

Alcohol oxidation / 6.5.5：

Synthesis of ketone 2 / 6.5.6：

Asymmetric epoxidation of cis-[beta]-Methylstyrene / 6.5.7：

[alpha]-Fluorotropinone immobilised on silica: a new stereoselective heterogeneous catalyst for epoxidation of alkenes with oxone / Giovanni Sartori ; Alan Armstrong ; Raimondo Maggi ; Alessandro Mazzacani ; Raffaella Sartorio ; France Bigi ; Belen Dominguez-Fernandez6.6：

Synthesis of silica KG-60-supported enantiomerically enriched [alpha]-Fluorotropinone / 6.6.1：

Synthesis of enantiomerically enriched epoxides / 6.6.2：

Asymmetric epoxidation catalyzed by novel azacrown ether-type chiral quaternary ammonium salts under phase-transfer catalytic conditions / Kazushige Hori ; Keita Tani ; Yasuo Tohda6.7：

Synthesis of precursor of the azacrown ether / 6.7.1：

Synthesis of the azacrown ether / 6.7.2：

Synthesis of the azacrown ether-type quaternary ammonium salt / 6.7.3：

Asymmetric epoxidation of (E)-Chalcone catalyzed by the azacrown ether-type quaternary ammonium salt as chiral PTC / 6.7.4：

Enantioselective epoxidation of olefins using phase transfer conditions and a chiral [azepinium][TRISPHAT] salt as catalyst / Jerome Vachon ; Celine Perollier ; Alexandre Martinez ; Jerome Lacour6.8：

Enantioselective epoxidation of 1-Phenyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalene / 6.8.1：

Catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated esters promoted by a Yttrium-biphenyldiol complex / Masakatsu Shibasaki ; Hiroyuki Kakei ; Shigeki Matsunaga6.9：

Synthesis of (aS,R)-6,6[prime]-[(Propylene)dioxy]biphenyl-2,2[prime]-diol / 6.9.1：

Synthesis of (aS,R)-2,2-[Oxybis(ethylene)dioxy]-6,6[prime]-[(propylene)dioxy]biphenyl / 6.9.2：

Synthesis of (S)-6,6[prime]-[Oxybis(ethylene)dioxy]biphenyl-2,2[prime]-diol / 6.9.3：

Enantiomeric enrichment of (S)-6,6[prime]-[Oxybis(ethylene)dioxy]biphenyl-2,2[prime]-diol / 6.9.4：

Catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated esters / 6.9.5：

Catalytic enantioselective epoxidation of [alpha],[beta]-enones with a binol-zinc-complex / Ana Minatti ; Karl Heinz Dotz6.10：

Synthesis of (E)-(2S,3R)-Phenyl-(3-phenyloxiran-2-yl)methanone / 6.10.1：

Asymmetric epoxidation of Phenyl-2-(3[prime]-pyridylvinyl)sulfone using polyleucine hydrogen peroxide gel / Mike R. Pitts6.11：

Preparation of polyleucine-hydrogen peroxide gel / 6.11.1：

Synthesis of Phenyl-2-(3[prime]-pyridylvinyl) sulfone (2) / 6.11.2：

Oxidation of Ketones to Lactones or Enones / 7：

Synthesis of 2-(Phosphinophenyl)pyrindine ligand and its application to palladium-catalyzed asymmetric Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of prochiral cyclobutanones / Katsuji Ito ; Tsutomu Katsuki7.1：

Synthesis of (7R)-2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-isopropyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-1-pyrindine / 7.1.1：

2-[2-(Diphenylphosphinoyl)phenyl]-7-isopropyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-1-pyrindine / 7.1.2：

2-[2-(Diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl]-7-isopropyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-1-pyrindine / 7.1.3：

Asymmetric Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of 3-Phenylcyclobutanone / 7.1.4：

(D)-Codeinone from (D)-Dihydrocodeinone via the use of modified o-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX). A convenient oxidation of ketones to enones / Paul Mather7.2：

Synthesis of IBX / 7.2.1：

Synthesis of codeinone / 7.2.2：

Oxidative C-C Coupling / 8：

Enantioselective oxidative coupling of 2-Naphthols catalyzed by a novel chiral vanadium complex / Nan-Sheng Xie ; Quan-Zhong Liu ; Zhi-Bin Luo ; Liu-Zhu Gong ; Ai-Qiao Mi ; Yao-Zhong Jiang8.1：

Synthesis of 3,3-Diformyl-2,2[prime]-biphenol / 8.1.1：

Synthesis of chiral vanadium complexes / 8.1.2：

Catalytic oxidative coupling of 7-Alkoxy-1-naphthols by chiral vanadium complexes / 8.1.3：

Reference

Catalytic oxidative cross-coupling reaction of 2-Naphthol derivatives / Shigeki Habaue ; Tomohisa Temma8.2：

Synthesis of Methyl 2,2[prime]-dihydroxy-1,1[prime]-binaphthalene-3-carboxylate / 8.2.1：

Oxidative coupling of benzenes with [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated aldehydes by Pd(OAc)[subscript 2]/ HPMoV/ O[subscript 2] system / Tomoyuki Yamada ; Satoshi Sakaguchi ; Yasutaka Ishii8.3：

Synthesis of Cinnamaldehyde / 8.3.1：

Oxidation of Sulfides and Sulfoxides / 9：

The first example of direct oxidation of sulfides to sulfones by an osmate-molecular oxygen system / Boyapati M. Choudary ; Chinta Reddy ; V. Reddy ; Billakanti V. Prakash ; Mannepalli L. Kantam ; B. Sreedhar9.1：

Synthesis of osmate exchanged Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDH-OsO[subscript 4]) / 9.1.1：

Synthesis of Methyl phenyl sulfone or Methylsulfonylbenzene / 9.1.2：

Selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones using hydrogen peroxide in the presence of zirconium tetrachloride / Kiumar Bahrami9.2：

Oxidation of Benzyl 4-bromobenzyl sulfide to Benzyl 4-bromobenzyl sulfoxide using H[subscript 2]O[subscript 2] in the presence of zirconium tetrachloride / 9.2.1：

Oxidation of Benzyl 4-bromobenzyl sulfide to Benzyl 4-bromobenzyl sulfone using H[subscript 2]O[subscript 2] in the presence of zirconium tetrachloride / 9.2.2：

WO[subscript 3]-30 % H[subscript 2]O[subscript 2]-cinchona alkaloids: a new heterogeneous catalytic system for asymmetric oxidation and kinetic resolution of racemic sulfoxides / Vinay V. Thakur ; A. Sudalai9.3：

Synthesis of (R)-2-[[[3-Methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridyl]methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimadazole {(R)-(+)-Lansoprazole} / 9.3.1：

Synthesis of (R)-(+)-Phenyl benzyl sulfoxide / 9.3.2：

Benzyl-4,6-O-isopropylidene-[alpha]-(D)-glucopyranoside, 2-deoxy-2-[[(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)methylene]amino] as a ligand for vanadium-catalyzed asymmetric oxidation of sulfides / Raffaella Del Litto ; Guiseppina Roviello ; Francesco Ruffo9.4：

Synthesis of Benzyl-4,6-O-isopropylidene-[alpha]-D-glucopyranoside, 2-deoxy-2-[[(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)methylene]imine] / 9.4.1：

Oxidation of Thioanisole / 9.4.2：

Asymmetric sulfoxidation of aryl methyl sulfides with hydrogen peroxide in water / Alessando Scarso ; Giorgio Strukul9.5：

Synthesis of complex (R)-BINAP)PtCl[subscript 2] / 9.5.1：

Synthesis of complex [((R)-BINAP)Pt((OH)][subscript 2](BF[subscript 4])[subscript 2] / 9.5.2：

Stereoselective catalytic oxidation of aryl methyl sulfides / 9.5.3：

Index

Series Preface

Preface to Volume 5

Abbreviations

34.

図書

34. High-temperature superconductivity : an introduction

Gerald Burns

出版情報:	Boston : Academic Press, c1992 xiii, 199 p. ; 23 cm
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Preface

Acknowledgements

Introduction / Chapter 1：

Problems

Review of Conventional Superconductors / Chapter 2：

Two-Fluid Model / 2-1：

London Equation / 2-3：

Nonlocal Fields / 2-4：

Nonlocal Electrodynamics Sketched / 2-4a：

Various Situations and Dirty Superconductors / 2-4b：

Ginzburg-Landau Theory / 2-5：

GL Free Energy / 2-5a：

GL Differential Equations / 2-5c：

Flux Quantization / 2-5d：

GL Coherence Length / 2-5e：

Type II Superconductors / 2-5f：

BCS Theory / 2-6：

Cooper Pairs and BCS Introduction / 2-6a：

BCS Results / 2-6c：

Specific Heat / 2-6d：

Anisotropic Superconducting Gap / 2-6e：

Coherence Effects / 2-6f：

Strong-Coupled Superconductors / 2-7：

McMillan Equation / 2-7a：

Maximum T[subscript c]? / 2-7c：

Electron-Phonon Parameter Calculations / 2-7d：

Tunneling / 2-8：

Tunneling Review / 2-8a：

Tunneling Experiments / 2-8b：

Phonon Structure / 2-8c：

Further Reading

Sensing Elements / 3：

Ionic Recognition / 3.1：

Ion-Selective Electrodes--Introduction / 3.2.1：

Interferences / 3.2.2：

Conducting Devices / 3.2.3：

Modified Electrodes and Screen-Printed Electrodes / 3.2.4：

Molecular Recognition--Chemical Recognition Agents / 3.3：

Thermodynamic--Complex Formation / 3.3.1：

Kinetic--Catalytic Effects: Kinetic Selectivity / 3.3.2：

Molecular Size / 3.3.3：

Molecular Recognition--Spectroscopic Recognition / 3.4：

Infrared Spectroscopy--Molecular / 3.4.1：

Ultraviolet Spectroscopy--Less Selective / 3.4.3：

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy--Needs Interpretation / 3.4.4：

Mass Spectrometry / 3.4.5：

Molecular Recognition--Biological Recognition Agents / 3.5：

Enzymes / 3.5.1：

Tissue Materials / 3.5.3：

Micro-Organisms / 3.5.4：

Mitochondria / 3.5.5：

Antibodies / 3.5.6：

Nucleic Acids / 3.5.7：

Receptors / 3.5.8：

Immobilization of Biological Components / 3.6：

Adsorption / 3.6.1：

Microencapsulation / 3.6.3：

Entrapment / 3.6.4：

Cross-Linking / 3.6.5：

Covalent Bonding / 3.6.6：

Selectivity / 4：

Ion-Selective Electrodes / 4.2.1：

Others / 4.2.2：

Sensitivity / 4.3：

Range, Linear Range and Detection Limits / 4.3.1：

Time Factors / 4.4：

Response Times / 4.4.1：

Recovery Times / 4.4.2：

Lifetimes / 4.4.3：

Precision, Accuracy and Repeatability / 4.5：

Different Biomaterials / 4.6：

Different Transducers / 4.7：

Urea Biosensors / 4.7.1：

Amino Acid Biosensors / 4.7.2：

Glucose Biosensors / 4.7.3：

Uric Acid / 4.7.4：

Some Factors Affecting the Performance of Sensors / 4.8：

Amount of Enzyme / 4.8.1：

Immobilization Method / 4.8.2：

pH of Buffer / 4.8.3：

Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors / 5：

Potentiometric Sensors--Ion-Selective Electrodes / 5.1：

Concentrations and Activities / 5.1.1：

Calibration Graphs / 5.1.2：

Examples of Ion-Selective Electrodes / 5.1.3：

Gas Sensors--Gas-Sensing Electrodes / 5.1.4：

Potentiometric Biosensors / 5.2：

pH-Linked / 5.2.1：

Ammonia-Linked / 5.2.2：

Carbon Dioxide-Linked / 5.2.3：

Iodine-Selective / 5.2.4：

Silver Sulfide-Linked / 5.2.5：

Amperometric Sensors / 5.3：

Direct Electrolytic Methods / 5.3.1：

The Three Generations of Biosensors / 5.3.2：

First Generation--The Oxygen Electrode / 5.3.3：

Second Generation--Mediators / 5.3.4：

Third Generation--Directly Coupled Enzyme Electrodes / 5.3.5：

NADH/NAD[superscript +] / 5.3.6：

Examples of Amperometric Biosensors / 5.3.7：

Amperometric Gas Sensors / 5.3.8：

Conductometric Sensors and Biosensors / 5.4：

Chemiresistors / 5.4.1：

Biosensors Based on Chemiresistors / 5.4.2：

Semiconducting Oxide Sensors / 5.4.3：

Applications of Field-Effect Transistor Sensors / 5.5：

Chemically Sensitive Field-Effect Transistors (CHEMFETs) / 5.5.1：

Ion-Selective Field-Effect Transistors (ISFETs) / 5.5.2：

FET-Based Biosensors (ENFETs) / 5.5.3：

Photometric Applications / 6：

Techniques for Optical Sensors / 6.1：

Modes of Operation of Waveguides in Sensors / 6.1.1：

Immobilized Reagents / 6.1.2：

Visible Absorption Spectroscopy / 6.2：

Measurement of pH / 6.2.1：

Measurement of Carbon Dioxide / 6.2.2：

Measurement of Ammonia / 6.2.3：

Examples That Have Been Used in Biosensors / 6.2.4：

Fluorescent Reagents / 6.3：

Fluorescent Reagents for pH Measurements / 6.3.1：

Halides / 6.3.2：

Sodium / 6.3.3：

Potassium / 6.3.4：

Gas Sensors / 6.3.5：

Indirect Methods Using Competitive Binding / 6.4：

Reflectance Methods--Internal Reflectance Spectroscopy / 6.5：

Evanescent Waves / 6.5.1：

Reflectance Methods / 6.5.2：

Attenuated Total Reflectance / 6.5.3：

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence / 6.5.4：

Surface Plasmon Resonance / 6.5.5：

Light Scattering Techniques / 6.6：

Types of Light Scattering / 6.6.1：

Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering Spectroscopy / 6.6.2：

Photon Correlation Spectroscopy / 6.6.3：

Laser Doppler Velocimetry / 6.6.4：

Mass-Sensitive and Thermal Sensors / 7：

The Piezo-Electric Effect / 7.1：

Principles / 7.1.1：

Gas Sensor Applications / 7.1.2：

Biosensor Applications / 7.1.3：

The Quartz Crystal Microbalance / 7.1.4：

Surface Acoustic Waves / 7.2：

Plate Wave Mode / 7.2.1：

Evanescent Wave Mode / 7.2.2：

Lamb Mode / 7.2.3：

Thickness Shear Mode / 7.2.4：

Thermal Sensors / 7.3：

Thermistors / 7.3.1：

Catalytic Gas Sensors / 7.3.2：

Thermal Conductivity Devices / 7.3.3：

Specific Applications / 8：

Determination of Glucose in Blood--Amperometric Biosensor / 8.1：

Survey of Biosensor Methods for the Determination of Glucose / 8.1.1：

Aim / 8.1.2：

Determination of Nanogram Levels of Copper(I) in Water Using Anodic Stripping Voltammetry, Employing an Electrode Modified with a Complexing Agent / 8.2：

Background to Stripping Voltammetry--Anodic and Cathodic / 8.2.1：

Determination of Several Ions Simultaneously--'The Laboratory on a Chip' / 8.2.2：

Sensor Arrays and 'Smart' Sensors / 8.3.1：

Background to Ion-Selective Field-Effect Transistors / 8.3.3：

Determination of Attomole Levels of a Trinitrotoluene--Antibody Complex with a Luminescent Transducer / 8.3.4：

Background to Immuno--Luminescent Assays / 8.4.1：

Determination of Flavanols in Beers / 8.4.2：

Background / 8.5.1：

Responses to Self-Assessment Questions / 8.5.2：

Bibliography

Glossary of Terms

SI Units and Physical Constants

Periodic Table

Index

Series Preface

Preface

Acronyms, Abbreviations and Symbols

37.

図書

37. Modern heterogeneous oxidation catalysis : design, reactions and characterization

edited by Noritaka Mizuno

出版情報:	Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, c2009 xv, 341 p. ; 25 cm
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Preface

List of Contributors

Concepts in Selective Oxidation of Small Alkane Molecules / Robert Schlogl1：

Introduction / 1.1：

The Research Field / 1.2：

Substrate Activation / 1.3：

Active Oxygen Species / 1.4：

Catalyst Material Science / 1.5：

Conclusion / 1.6：

References

Active Ensemble Structures for Selective Oxidation Catalyses at Surfaces / Mizuki Tada ; Yasuhiro Iwasawa2：

Asymmetric Heterogeneous Catalysis Using Supported Metal Complexes / 2.1：

Asymmetric Catalysis for Oxidative Coupling of 2-Naphthol to BINOL / 2.2.2：

Active Re Clusters Entrapped in ZSM-5 Pores / 2.3：

Unique Catalytic Performance of Supported Gold Nanoparticles in Oxidation / Yunbo Yu ; Jiahui Huang ; Tamao Ishida ; Masatake Haruta2.4.4：

Low-Temperature CO Oxidation / 3.1：

Low-Temperature CO Oxidation in Air / 3.2.1：

Junction Perimeter Between Au Particles and the Support / 3.2.1.1：

Selection of Suitable Supports / 3.2.1.2：

Sensitivity to the Size of the Gold Particles / 3.2.1.3：

Mechanism for CO Oxidation Over Supported Gold Nanoparticles / 3.2.2：

Mechanisms Involving Junction Perimeter Between Gold and the Metal-Oxide Supports / 3.2.3.1：

Mechanisms Involving Specific Size or Thickness of Gold Clusters or Thin Layers / 3.2.3.2：

Mechanisms Involving Cationic Gold / 3.2.3.3：

Complete Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds / 3.3：

Gas-Phase Selective Oxidation of Organic Compounds / 3.4：

Gas-Phase Selective Oxidation of Aliphatic Alkanes / 3.4.1：

Gas-Phase Selective Oxidation of Alcohols / 3.4.2：

Gas-Phase Propylene Epoxidation / 3.4.3：

Liquid-Phase Selective Oxidation of Organic Compounds / 3.4.3.1：

Oxidation of Mono-Alcohols / 3.5.1：

Oxidation of Diols / 3.5.2：

Oxidation of Glycerol / 3.5.3：

Aerobic Oxidation of Glucose / 3.5.4：

Oxidation of Alkanes and Alkenes / 3.5.5：

Conclusions / 3.6：

Metal-Substituted Zeolites as Heterogeneous Oxidation Catalysts / Takashi Tatsumi4：

Introduction - Two Ways to Introduce Hetero-Metals into Zeolites / 4.1：

Titanium-Containing Zeolites / 4.2：

TS-1 / 4.2.1：

Ti-Beta / 4.2.2：

Ti-MWW / 4.2.3：

Other Titanium-Containing Zeolites / 4.2.4：

Solvent Effects and Reaction Intermediate / 4.2.5：

Other Metal-Containing Zeolites / 4.3：

Design of Well-Defined Active Sites on Crystalline Materials for Liquid-Phase Oxidations / Kiyotomi Kaneda ; Takato Mitsudome4.4：

Oxidation of Alcohols / 5.1：

Ru Catalyst / 5.2.1：

Pd Catalyst / 5.2.2：

Au Catalyst / 5.2.3：

Au-Pd Catalyst / 5.2.4：

Epoxidation of Olefins / 5.3：

Epoxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide / 5.3.1：

Titanium-Based Catalysts / 5.3.1.1：

Tungsten-Based Catalysts / 5.3.1.2：

Base Catalyst / 5.3.1.3：

Epoxidation with Molecular Oxygen / 5.3.2：

Cis-Dihydroxylation / 5.4：

Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation / 5.5：

C-H Activation Using Molecular Oxygen / 5.6：

Liquid-Phase Oxidations with Hydrogen Peroxide and Molecular Oxygen Catalyzed by Polyoxometalate-Based Compounds / Noritaka Mizuno ; Keigo Kamata ; Sayaka Uchida ; Kazuya Yamaguchi5.7：

Isopoly- and Heteropolyoxometalates / 6.1：

Peroxometalates / 6.2.2：

Lacunary Polyoxometalates / 6.2.3：

Transition-Metal-Substituted Polyoxometalates / 6.2.4：

Heterogenization of Polyoxometalates / 6.3：

Solidification of Polyoxometalates with Appropriate Cations / 6.3.1：

Metal and Alkylammonium Cations / 6.3.1.1：

Polycations / 6.3.1.2：

Cationic Organometallic Complexes / 6.3.1.3：

Immobilization of Polyoxometalate-Based Compounds / 6.3.2：

Wet Impregnation / 6.3.2.1：

Solvent-Anchoring and Covalent Linkage / 6.3.2.2：

Anion Exchange / 6.3.2.3：

Nitrous Oxide as an Oxygen Donor in Oxidation Chemistry and Catalysis / Gennady I. Panov ; Konstantin A. Dubkov ; Alexander S. Kharitonov6.4：

Molecular Structure and Physical Properties of Nitrous Oxide / 7.1：

Catalytic Oxidation by Nitrous Oxide in the Gas Phase / 7.3：

Oxidation of Lower Alkanes Over Oxide Catalysts / 7.3.1：

Oxidation Over Zeolites / 7.3.2：

Oxidation by Dioxygen / 7.3.2.1：

Nature of Zeolite Activity, a-Sites / 7.3.2.2：

Hydroxylation of Alkanes and Benzene Derivatives / 7.3.2.4：

Other Types of Oxidation Reactions / 7.3.2.6：

Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Alkenes / 7.4：

Linear Alkenes / 7.5.1.1：

Cyclic Alkenes / 7.5.1.2：

Cyclodienes / 7.5.1.3：

Bicyclic Alkenes / 7.5.1.4：

Heterocyclic Alkenes / 7.5.1.5：

Carboxidation of Polymers / 7.5.2：

Carboxidation of Polyethylene / 7.5.2.1：

Carboxidation of Polybutadiene Rubber / 7.5.2.2：

Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide: Recent Advances / Gabriele Centi ; Siglinda Perathoner ; Salvatore Abate7.6：

Industrial Production / 8.1：

Uses of Hydrogen Peroxide / 8.1.2：

Status of Development and Perspectives of Industrial Production / 8.2：

Fundamental Studies / 8.2.2：

Intrinsically Safe Operations and Microreactors / 8.3.1：

Nature of the Catalyst and Reaction Network / 8.3.2：

Role of the Solvent and of Promoters / 8.3.3：

Recent Achievements and Challenges for a Greener Chemical Industry / Fabrizio Cavani ; Nicola Ballarini8.4：

Introduction: Old and New Challenges for Oxidation Catalysis in Industry / 9.1：

Recent Successful Examples of Alkanes Oxidation / 9.2：

Oxidation of Ethane to Acetic Acid / 9.2.1：

Ammoxidation of Propane to Acrylonitrile / 9.2.2：

New Oxidation Technologies: Oxidative Desulfurization (ODS) of Gas Oil / 9.3：

Process Intensification in Catalytic Oxidation / 9.4：

An Alternative Approach: Anaerobic Oxidation with Metal Oxides in a Cycle Process (from an Oxidation Catalyst to a Reusable Stoichiometric Oxidant) / 9.5：

Anaerobic Oxidation of Propene to Acrolein in a CFBR Reactor / 9.5.1：

Anaerobic Synthesis of 2-Methyl-1,4-Naphthoquinone (Menadione) / 9.5.2：

Anaerobic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propene / 9.5.3：

Production of Hydrogen from Methane with Oxide Materials and Inherent Segregation of Carbon Dioxide / 9.5.4：

Current and Developing Processes for the Transformation of Bioplatform Molecules into Chemicals by Catalytic Oxidation / 9.6：

Glycerol: A Versatile Building Block / 9.6.1：

Index / 9.7：

Preface

List of Contributors

Concepts in Selective Oxidation of Small Alkane Molecules / Robert Schlogl1：

38.

図書

38. Mesoscopic electronics in solid state nanostructures

Thomas Heinzel

出版情報:	Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, c2003 337 p. ; 25 cm
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Introduction / 1：

Preliminary remarks / 1.1：

Mesoscopic transport / 1.2：

Ballistic transport / 1.2.1：

The quantum Hall effect and Shubnikov - de Haas oscillations / 1.2.2：

Size quantization / 1.2.3：

Phase coherence / 1.2.4：

Single electron tunnelling and quantum dots / 1.2.5：

Superlattices / 1.2.6：

Samples and experimental techniques / 1.2.7：

An Update of Solid State Physics / 2：

Crystal structures / 2.1：

Electronic energy bands / 2.2：

Occupation of energy bands / 2.3：

The electronic density of states / 2.3.1：

Occupation probability and chemical potential / 2.3.2：

Intrinsic carrier concentration / 2.3.3：

Envelope wave functions / 2.4：

Doping / 2.5：

Diffusive transport and the Boltzmann equation / 2.6：

The Boltzmann equation / 2.6.1：

The conductance predicted by the simplified Boltzmann equation / 2.6.2：

The magneto-resistivity tensor / 2.6.3：

Scattering mechanisms / 2.7：

Screening / 2.8：

Surfaces, Interfaces, and Layered Devices / 3：

Electronic surface states / 3.1：

Surface states in one dimension / 3.1.1：

Surfaces of 3-dimensional crystals / 3.1.2：

Band bending and Fermi level pinning / 3.1.3：

Semiconductor-metal interfaces / 3.2：

Band alignment and Schottky barriers / 3.2.1：

Ohmic contacts / 3.2.2：

Semiconductor heterointerfaces / 3.3：

Field effect transistors and quantum wells / 3.4：

The silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor FET (Si-MOSFET) / 3.4.1：

The Ga[Al]As high electron mobility transistor (GaAs-HEMT) / 3.4.2：

Other types of layered devices / 3.4.3：

Quantum confined carriers in comparison to bulk carriers / 3.4.4：

Experimental Techniques / 4：

Sample fabrication / 4.1：

Single crystal growth / 4.1.1：

Growth of layered structures / 4.1.2：

Lateral patterning / 4.1.3：

Metallization / 4.1.4：

Bonding / 4.1.5：

Elements of cryogenics / 4.2：

Properties of liquid helium / 4.2.1：

Helium cryostats / 4.2.2：

Electronic measurements on nanostructures / 4.3：

Sample holders / 4.3.1：

Application and detection of electronic signals / 4.3.2：

Important Quantities in Mesoscopic Transport / 5：

Magnetotransport Properties of Quantum Films / 6：

Landau quantization / 6.1：

2DEGs in perpendicular magnetic fields / 6.1.1：

The chemical potential in strong magnetic fields / 6.1.2：

The quantum Hall effect / 6.2：

Phenomenology / 6.2.1：

Origin of the integer quantum Hall effect / 6.2.2：

The quantum Hall effect and three dimensions / 6.2.3：

Elementary analysis of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations / 6.3：

Some examples of magnetotransport experiments / 6.4：

Quasi-two-dimensional electron gases / 6.4.1：

Mapping of the probability density / 6.4.2：

Displacement of the quantum Hall plateaux / 6.4.3：

Parallel magnetic fields / 6.5：

Quantum Wires and Quantum Point Contacts / 7：

Diffusive quantum wires / 7.1：

Basic properties / 7.1.1：

Boundary scattering / 7.1.2：

Ballistic quantum wires / 7.2：

Conductance quantization in QPCs / 7.2.1：

Magnetic field effects / 7.2.3：

The "0.7 structure" / 7.2.4：

Four-probe measurements on ballistic quantum wires / 7.2.5：

The Landauer-Buttiker formalism / 7.3：

Edge states / 7.3.1：

Edge channels / 7.3.2：

Further examples of quantum wires / 7.4：

Conductance quantization in conventional metals / 7.4.1：

Carbon nanotubes / 7.4.2：

Quantum point contact circuits / 7.5：

Non-ohmic behavior of collinear QPCs / 7.5.1：

QPCs in parallel / 7.5.2：

Concluding remarks / 7.6：

Electronic Phase Coherence / 8：

The Aharonov-Bohm effect in mesoscopic conductors / 8.1：

Weak localization / 8.2：

Universal conductance fluctuations / 8.3：

Phase coherence in ballistic 2DEGs / 8.4：

Resonant tunnelling and S - matrices / 8.5：

Singe Electron Tunnelling / 9：

The principle of Coulomb blockade / 9.1：

Basic single electron tunnelling circuits / 9.2：

Coulomb blockade at the double barrier / 9.2.1：

Current-voltage characteristics: the Coulomb staircase / 9.2.2：

The SET transistor / 9.2.3：

SET circuits with many islands; the single electron pump / 9.3：

Quantum Dots / 10：

Phenomenology of quantum dots / 10.1：

The constant interaction model / 10.2：

Beyond the constant interaction model / 10.3：

Shape of conductance resonances and current-voltage characteristics / 10.4：

Other types of quantum dots / 10.5：

Mesoscopic Superlattices / 11：

One-dimensional superlattices / 11.1：

Two-dimensional superlattices / 11.2：

SI and cgs Units / A：

Appendices

Correlation and Convolution / B：

Fourier transofrmation / B.1：

Convolutions / B.2：

Correlation functions / B.3：

Capacitance Matrix and Electrostatic Energy / C：

The Transfer Hamiltonian / D：

Solutions to Selected Exercises / E：

References

Index

Introduction / 1：

Preliminary remarks / 1.1：

Mesoscopic transport / 1.2：

39.

図書

39. Basic principles (: pbk)

Alfredo H-S. Ang, Wilson H. Tang

出版情報:	New York : Wiley, 1975 xiii, 409 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名:	Probability concepts in engineering planning and design ; v. 1
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Role of Probability in Engineering / 1：

Introduction / 1.1：

Uncertainty in Real-World Information / 1.2：

Uncertainty Associated with Randomness / 1.2.1：

Uncertainty Associated with Imperfect Modeling and Estimation / 1.2.2：

Design and Decision-Making Under Uncertainty / 1.3：

Planning and Design of Airport Pavement / 1.3.1：

Hydrologic Design / 1.3.2：

Design of Structures and Machines / 1.3.3：

Geotechnical Design / 1.3.4：

Construction Planning and Management / 1.3.5：

Photogrammetric, Geodetic, and Surveying Measurements / 1.3.6：

Control and Standards / 1.4：

Concluding Remarks / 1.5：

Basic Probability Concepts / 2：

Events and Probability / 2.1：

Characteristics of Probability Problems / 2.1.1：

Calculation of Probability / 2.1.2：

Elements of Set Theory / 2.2：

Definitions / 2.2.1：

Combination of Events / 2.2.2：

Operational Rules / 2.2.3：

Mathematics of Probability / 2.3：

Basic Axioms of Probability Addition Rule / 2.3.1：

Conditional Probability Multiplication Rule / 2.3.2：

Theorem of Total Probability / 2.3.3：

Bayes' Theorem / 2.3.4：

Concluding Remarks Problems / 2.4：

Analytical Models of Random Phenomena / 3：

Random Variables / 3.1：

Probability Distribution of a Random Variable / 3.1.1：

Main Descriptors of a Random Variable / 3.1.2：

Useful Probability Distributions / 3.2：

The Normal Distribution / 3.2.1：

The Logarithmic Normal Distribution / 3.2.2：

Bernoulli Sequence and the Binomial Distribution / 3.2.3：

The Geometric Distribution / 3.2.4：

The Negative Binomial Distribution / 3.2.5：

The Poisson Process and Poisson Distribution / 3.2.6：

The Exponential Distribution / 3.2.7：

The Gamma Distribution / 3.2.8：

The Hypergeometric Distribution / 3.2.9：

The Beta Distribution / 3.2.10：

Other Distributions / 3.2.11：

Multiple Random Variables / 3.3：

Joint and Conditional Probability Distributions / 3.3.1：

Covariance and Correlation / 3.3.2：

Conditional Mean and Variance / 3.3.3：

Functions of Random Variables / 3.4：

Derived Probability Distributions / 4.1：

Function of Single Random Variable / 4.2.1：

Function of Multiple Random Variables / 4.2.2：

Moments of Functions of Random Variables / 4.3：

Mean and Variance of a Linear Function / 4.3.1：

Product of Independent Variates / 4.3.3：

Mean and Variance of a General Function / 4.3.4：

Estimating Parameters from Observational Data / 4.4：

The Role of Statistical Inference in Engineering / 5.1：

Inherent Variability and Estimation Error / 5.1.1：

Classical Approach to Estimation of Parameters / 5.2：

Random Sampling and Point Estimation / 5.2.1：

Interval Estimation of the Mean / 5.2.2：

Problems of Measurement Theory / 5.2.3：

Interval Estimation of the Variance / 5.2.4：

Estimation of Proportion / 5.2.5：

Empirical Determination of Distribution Models / 5.3：

Probability Paper / 6.1：

The Normal Probability Paper / 6.2.1：

The Log-Normal Probability Paper / 6.2.2：

Construction of General Probability Paper / 6.2.3：

Testing Validity of Assumed Distribution / 6.3：

Chi-Square Test for Distribution / 6.3.1：

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Distribution / 6.3.2：

Regression and Correlation Analyses / 6.4：

Basic Formulation of Linear Regression / 7.1：

Regression with Constant Variance / 7.1.1：

Regression with Nonconstant Variance / 7.1.2：

Multiple Linear Regression / 7.2：

Nonlinear Regression / 7.3：

Applications of Regression Analysis in Engineering / 7.4：

Correlation Analysis / 7.5：

Estimation of Correlation Coefficient / 7.5.1：

The Bayesian Approach / 7.6：

Basic Concepts-The Discrete Case / 8.1：

The Continuous Case / 8.3：

General Formulation / 8.3.1：

A Special Application of Bayesian Up-dating Process / 8.3.2：

Bayesian Concepts in Sampling Theory / 8.4：

Sampling from Normal Population / 8.4.1：

Error in Estimation / 8.4.3：

Use of Conjugate Distributions / 8.4.4：

Elements of Quality Assurance and Acceptance Sampling / 8.5：

Acceptance Sampling by Attributes / 9.1：

The Operating Characteristic (OC) Curve / 9.1.1：

The Success Run / 9.1.2：

The Average Outgoing Quality Curve / 9.1.3：

Acceptance Sampling by Variables / 9.2：

Average Quality Criterion, sigma Known / 9.2.1：

Average Quality Criterion, sigma Unknown / 9.2.2：

Fraction Defective Criterion / 9.2.3：

Multiple-Stage Sampling / 9.3：

Probability Tables / 9.4：

Table of Standard Normal Probability / Table A.1：

p-Percentile Values of the t-Distribution / Table A.2：

p-Percentile Values of the x 2 -Distribution / Table A.3：

Critical Values of D alpha; in the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test / Table A.4：

Combinatorial Formulas / Appendix B：

Derivation of the Poisson Distribution / Appendix C：

References

Index

Role of Probability in Engineering / 1：

Introduction / 1.1：

Uncertainty in Real-World Information / 1.2：

40.

図書

40. Nonlinear fiber optics

Govind P. Agrawal

出版情報:	Boston ; Tokyo : Academic Press, c1989 xii, 342 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名:	Quantum electronics : principles and applications
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Preface

Introduction / 1：

Historical Perspective / 1.1：

Fiber Characteristics / 1.2：

Material and Fabrication / 1.2.1：

Fiber Losses / 1.2.2：

Chromatic Dispersion / 1.2.3：

Polarization-Mode Dispersion / 1.2.4：

Fiber Nonlinearities / 1.3：

Nonlinear Refraction / 1.3.1：

Stimulated Inelastic Scattering / 1.3.2：

Importance of Nonlinear Effects / 1.3.3：

Overview / 1.4：

Problems

References

Pulse Propagation in Fibers / 2：

Maxwell's Equations / 2.1：

Fiber Modes / 2.2：

Eigenvalue Equation / 2.2.1：

Single-Mode Condition / 2.2.2：

Characteristics of the Fundamental Mode / 2.2.3：

Pulse-Propagation Equation / 2.3：

Nonlinear Pulse Propagation / 2.3.1：

Higher-Order Nonlinear Effects / 2.3.2：

Numerical Methods / 2.4：

Split-Step Fourier Method / 2.4.1：

Finite-Difference Methods / 2.4.2：

Group-Velocity Dispersion / 3：

Different Propagation Regimes / 3.1：

Dispersion-Induced Pulse Broadening / 3.2：

Gaussian Pulses / 3.2.1：

Chirped Gaussian Pulses / 3.2.2：

Hyperbolic-Secant Pulses / 3.2.3：

Super-Gaussian Pulses / 3.2.4：

Experimental Results / 3.2.5：

Third-Order Dispersion / 3.3：

Changes in Pulse Shape / 3.3.1：

Broadening Factor / 3.3.2：

Arbitrary-Shape Pulses / 3.3.3：

Ultrashort-Pulse Measurements / 3.3.4：

Dispersion Management / 3.4：

GVD-Induced Limitations / 3.4.1：

Dispersion Compensation / 3.4.2：

Compensation of Third-Order Dispersion / 3.4.3：

Self-Phase Modulation / 4：

SPM-Induced Spectral Broadening / 4.1：

Nonlinear Phase Shift / 4.1.1：

Changes in Pulse Spectra / 4.1.2：

Effect of Pulse Shape and Initial Chirp / 4.1.3：

Effect of Partial Coherence / 4.1.4：

Effect of Group-Velocity Dispersion / 4.2：

Pulse Evolution / 4.2.1：

Optical Wave Breaking / 4.2.2：

Effect of Third-Order Dispersion / 4.2.4：

Self-Steepening / 4.3：

Effect of GVD on Optical Shocks / 4.3.2：

Intrapulse Raman Scattering / 4.3.3：

Optical Solitons / 5：

Modulation Instability / 5.1：

Linear Stability Analysis / 5.1.1：

Gain Spectrum / 5.1.2：

Experimental Observation / 5.1.3：

Ultrashort Pulse Generation / 5.1.4：

Impact on Lightwave Systems / 5.1.5：

Fiber Solitons / 5.2：

Inverse Scattering Method / 5.2.1：

Fundamental Soliton / 5.2.2：

Higher-Order Solitons / 5.2.3：

Experimental Confirmation / 5.2.4：

Soliton Stability / 5.2.5：

Other Types of Solitons / 5.3：

Dark Solitons / 5.3.1：

Dispersion-Managed Solitons / 5.3.2：

Bistable Solitons / 5.3.3：

Perturbation of Solitons / 5.4：

Perturbation Methods / 5.4.1：

Soliton Amplification / 5.4.2：

Soliton Interaction / 5.4.4：

Higher-Order Effects / 5.5：

Propagation of Femtosecond Pulses / 5.5.1：

Polarization Effects / 6：

Nonlinear Birefringence / 6.1：

Origin of Nonlinear Birefringence / 6.1.1：

Coupled-Mode Equations / 6.1.2：

Elliptically Birefringent Fibers / 6.1.3：

Nondispersive XPM / 6.2：

Optical Kerr Effect / 6.2.2：

Pulse Shaping / 6.2.3：

Evolution of Polarization State / 6.3：

Analytic Solution / 6.3.1：

Poincare-Sphere Representation / 6.3.2：

Polarization Instability / 6.3.3：

Polarization Chaos / 6.3.4：

Vector Modulation Instability / 6.4：

Low-Birefringence Fibers / 6.4.1：

High-Birefringence Fibers / 6.4.2：

Isotropic Fibers / 6.4.3：

Birefringence and Solitons / 6.4.4：

Soliton-Dragging Logic Gates / 6.5.1：

Vector Solitons / 6.5.4：

Random Birefringence / 6.6：

Polarization State of Solitons / 6.6.1：

Cross-Phase Modulation / 7：

XPM-Induced Nonlinear Coupling / 7.1：

Nonlinear Refractive Index / 7.1.1：

Coupled NLS Equations / 7.1.2：

Propagation in Birefringent Fibers / 7.1.3：

XPM-Induced Modulation Instability / 7.2：

XPM-Paired Solitons / 7.2.1：

Bright-Dark Soliton Pair / 7.3.1：

Bright-Gray Soliton Pair / 7.3.2：

Other Soliton Pairs / 7.3.3：

Spectral and Temporal Effects / 7.4：

Asymmetric Spectral Broadening / 7.4.1：

Asymmetric Temporal Changes / 7.4.2：

Applications of XPM / 7.4.3：

XPM-Induced Pulse Compression / 7.5.1：

XPM-Induced Optical Switching / 7.5.2：

XPM-Induced Nonreciprocity / 7.5.3：

Stimulated Raman Scattering / 8：

Basic Concepts / 8.1：

Raman-Gain Spectrum / 8.1.1：

Raman Threshold / 8.1.2：

Coupled Amplitude Equations / 8.1.3：

Quasi-Continuous SRS / 8.2：

Single-Pass Raman Generation / 8.2.1：

Raman Fiber Lasers / 8.2.2：

Raman Fiber Amplifiers / 8.2.3：

Raman-Induced Crosstalk / 8.2.4：

SRS with Short Pump Pulses / 8.3：

Pulse-Propagation Equations / 8.3.1：

Nondispersive Case / 8.3.2：

Effects of GVD / 8.3.3：

Synchronously Pumped Raman Lasers / 8.3.4：

Soliton Effects / 8.4：

Raman Solitons / 8.4.1：

Raman Soliton Lasers / 8.4.2：

Soliton-Effect Pulse Compression / 8.4.3：

Effect of Four-Wave Mixing / 8.5：

Stimulated Brillouin Scattering / 9：

Physical Process / 9.1：

Brillouin-Gain Spectrum / 9.1.2：

Quasi-CW SBS / 9.2：

Coupled Intensity Equations / 9.2.1：

Brillouin Threshold / 9.2.2：

Gain Saturation / 9.2.3：

Dynamic Aspects / 9.2.4：

Relaxation Oscillations / 9.3.1：

Modulation Instability and Chaos / 9.3.3：

Transient Regime / 9.3.4：

Brillouin Fiber Lasers / 9.4：

CW Operation / 9.4.1：

Pulsed Operation / 9.4.2：

SBS Applications / 9.5：

Brillouin Fiber Amplifiers / 9.5.1：

Fiber Sensors / 9.5.2：

Parametric Processes / 10：

Origin of Four-Wave Mixing / 10.1：

Theory of Four-Wave Mixing / 10.2：

Approximate Solution / 10.2.1：

Effect of Phase Matching / 10.2.3：

Ultrafast FWM / 10.2.4：

Phase-Matching Techniques / 10.3：

Physical Mechanisms / 10.3.1：

Phase Matching in Multimode Fibers / 10.3.2：

Phase Matching in Single-Mode Fibers / 10.3.3：

Phase Matching in Birefringent Fibers / 10.3.4：

Parametric Amplification / 10.4：

Gain and Bandwidth / 10.4.1：

Pump Depletion / 10.4.2：

Parametric Amplifiers / 10.4.3：

Parametric Oscillators / 10.4.4：

FWM Applications / 10.5：

Wavelength Conversion / 10.5.1：

Phase Conjugation / 10.5.2：

Squeezing / 10.5.3：

Supercontinuum Generation / 10.5.4：

Second-Harmonic Generation / 10.6：

Physical Mechanism / 10.6.1：

Simple Theory / 10.6.3：

Quasi-Phase-Matching Technique / 10.6.4：

Decibel Units / Appendix A：

Acronyms / Appendix B：

Index

Preface

Introduction / 1：

Historical Perspective / 1.1：

41.

図書

41. Nanostructured thin films and surfaces

edited by Challa S.S.R. Kumar

出版情報:	Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, c2010 xix, 431 p. ; 25 cm
シリーズ名:	Nanomaterials for the life sciences / edited by Challa S.S.R. Kumar ; v. 5
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Preface

List of Contributors

Polymer Thin Films for Biomedical Applications / Venkat K. Vendra ; Lin Wu ; Sitaraman Krishnan1：

Introduction / 1.1：

Biocompatible Coatings / 1.2：

Protein-Repellant Coatings / 1.2.1：

Pegylated Thin Films / 1.2.1.1：

Non-Pegylated Hydrophilic Thin Films / 1.2.1.2：

Thin Films of Hyperbranched Polymers / 1.2.1.3：

Multilayer Thin Films / 1.2.1.4：

Antithrombogenic Coatings / 1.2.2：

Surface Chemistry and Blood Compatibility / 1.2.2.1：

Membrane-Mimetic Thin Films / 1.2.2.2：

Heparin-Mimetic Thin Films / 1.2.2.3：

Clot-Lyzing Thin Films / 1.2.2.4：

Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Thin Films / 1.2.2.5：

Polyurethane Coatings / 1.2.2.6：

Vapor-Deposited Thin Films / 1.2.2.7：

Antimicrobial Coatings / 1.2.3：

Cationic Polymers / 1.2.3.1：

Nanocomposite Polymer Thin Films Incorporating Inorganic Biocides / 1.2.3.2：

Antibiotic-Conjugated Polymer Thin Films / 1.2.3.3：

Biomimetic Antibacterial Coatings / 1.2.3.4：

Thin Films Resistant to the Adhesion of Viable Bacteria" / 1.2.3.5：

Coatings for Tissue Engineering Substrates / 1.3：

Zwitterionic Thin Films / 1.3.1：

Polysaccharide-Based Thin Films / 1.3.3：

Temperature-Responsive Polymer Coatings / 1.3.6：

Electroactive Thin Films / 1.3.8：

Other Functional Polymer Coatings / 1.3.9：

Multilayer Thin Films for Cell Encapsulation / 1.3.10：

Patterned Thin Films / 1.3.11：

Polymer Thin Films for Drug Delivery / 1.4：

Polymer Thin Films for Gene Delivery / 1.5：

Conclusions / 1.6：

References

Biofunctionalization of Polymeric Thin Films and Surfaces / Holger Schönherr2：

Introduction: The Case of Biofunctionalized Surfaces and Interfaces / 2.1：

Polymer-Based Biointerfaces / 2.2：

Requirements for Biofunctionalized Polymer Surfaces / 2.2.1：

Surface Modification Using Functional Polymers and Polymer-Based Approaches / 2.2.2：

Grafting of Polymers to Surfaces / 2.2.2.1：

Polymer Brushes by Surface-Initiated Polymerization / 2.2.2.2：

Physisorbed Multifunctional Polymers / 2.2.2.3：

Multipotent Covalent Coatings / 2.2.2.4：

Plasma Polymerization and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Approaches / 2.2.2.5：

Surface Modification of Polymer Surfaces, and Selected Examples / 2.2.3：

Coupling and Bioconjugation Strategies / 2.2.3.1：

Interaction with Cells / 2.2.3.2：

Patterned Polymeric Thin Films in Biosensor Applications / 2.2.3.3：

Summary and Future Perspectives / 2.3：

Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Nanocoatings / Ana L. Cordeiro3：

Stimuli-Responsive Polymers / 3.1：

Polymers Responsive to Temperature / 3.2.1：

Polymers Responsive to pH / 3.2.2：

Dual Responsive/Multiresponsive Polymers / 3.2.3：

Intelligent Bioconjugates / 3.2.4：

Responsive Biopolymers / 3.2.5：

Polymer Films and Interfacial Analysis / 3.3：

Applications / 3.4：

Release Matrices / 3.4.1：

Cell Sheet Engineering / 3.4.2：

Biofilm Control / 3.4.3：

Cell Sorting / 3.4.4：

Stimuli-Modulated Membranes / 3.4.5：

Chromatography / 3.4.6：

Microfluidics and Laboratory-on-a-Chip / 3.4.7：

Acknowledgments / 3.5：

Ceramic Nanocoatings and Their Applications in the Life Sciences / Eng San Thian4：

Magnetron Sputtering / 4.1：

Physical and Chemical Properties of SiHA Coatings / 4.3：

Biological Properties of SiHA Coatings / 4.4：

In Vitro Acellular Testing / 4.4.1：

In Vitro Cellular Testing / 4.4.2：

Future Perspectives / 4.5：

Gold Nanofilrns: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Biomedical Applications / Shiho Tokonami ; Hiroshi Shiigi ; Tsutomu Nagaoka4.6：

Preparation of Various AuNPs / 5.1：

Functionalization of AuNPs and their Applications through Aggregation / 5.3：

AuNP Assemblies and Arrays / 5.4：

AuNP Assemblies Structured on Substrates / 5.4.1：

AuNP Assembly on Biotemplates / 5.4.2：

AuNP Arrays for Gas Sensing / 5.4.3：

AuNP Arrays for Biosensing / 5.4.4：

Thin Films on Titania, and Their Applications in the Life Sciences / Izabella Brand ; Martina Nullmeier5.5：

Titanium in Contact with a Biomaterial / 6.1：

Lipid Bilayers at the Titania Surface / 6.3：

Formation of Lipid Bilayers on the Titania Surface / 6.3.1：

Spreading of Vesicles on a TiO₂ Surface: Comparison to a SiO₂ Surface / 6.3.1.1：

Interactions: lipid Molecule-Titania Surface / 6.3.2：

Structure and Conformation of lipid Molecules in the Bilayer on the Titania Surface / 6.3.3：

Structure of Phosphatidylcholine on the Titania Surface / 6.3.3.1：

Characteristics of Extracellular Matrix Proteins on the Titania Surface / 6.4：

Collagen Adsorption on Titania Surfaces / 6.4.1：

Morphology of Collagen Adsorbed on an Oxidized Titanium Surface / 6.4.1.1：

Adsorption of Collagen on a Hydroxylated Titania Surface / 6.4.1.2：

Morphology and Structure of Collagen Adsorbed on a Calcified Titania Surface / 6.4.1.3：

Structure of Collagen on the Titania Surface: Theoretical Predictions / 6.4.1.4：

Fibronectin Adsorption on the Titania Surface / 6.4.2：

Morphology of Fibronectin Adsorbed on the Titania Surface / 6.4.2.1：

Fibronectin-Titania Interactions / 6.4.2.2：

Structure of Fibronectin Adsorbed onto the Titania Surface / 6.4.2.3：

Atomic-Scale Picture of Fibronectin Adsorbed on the Titania Surface: Theoretical Predictions / 6.4.2.4：

Preparation, Characterization, and Potential Biomedical Applications of Nanostructured Zirconia Coatings and Films / Xuanyong Liu ; Ying Xu ; Paul K. Chu6.4.2.5：

Preparation and Characterization of Nano-ZrO₂ Films / 7.1：

Cathodic Arc Plasma Deposition / 7.2.1：

Plasma Spraying / 7.2.2：

Sol-Gel Methods / 7.2.3：

Electrochemical Deposition / 7.2.4：

Anodic Oxidation and Micro-Arc Oxidation / 7.2.5：

Bioactivity of Nano-ZrO₂ Coatings and Films / 7.2.6：

Cell Behavior on Nano-ZrO₂ Coatings and Films / 7.4：

Applications of Nano-ZrO₂ Films to Biosensors / 7.5：

Free-Standing Nanostructured Thin Films / Izumi Ichinose8：

The Roles of Free-Standing Thin Films / 8.1：

Films as Partitions / 8.2.1：

Nanoseparation Membranes / 8.2.2：

Biomembranes / 8.2.3：

Free-Standing Thin Films with Bilayer Structures / 8.3：

Supported Lipid Bilayers and "Black Lipid Membranes" / 8.3.1：

Foam Films and Newton Black Films / 8.3.2：

Dried Foam Film / 8.3.3：

Foam Films of Ionic Liquids / 8-3.4：

Free-Standing Thin Films Prepared with Solid Surfaces / 8.4：

Free-Standing Thin Films of Nanoparticles / 8.5：

Nanofibrous Free-Standing Thin Films / 8.6：

Electrospinning and Filtration Methods / 8.6.1：

Metal Hydroxide Nanostrands / 8.6.2：

Nanofibrous Composite Films / 8:6.3：

Dip-Pen Nanolithography of Nanostructured Thin Films for the Life Sciences / Euiseok Kim ; Yuan-Shin Lee ; Ravi Aggarwal ; Roger J. Narayan8.6.4：

Dip-Pen Nanolithography / 9.1：

Important Parameters / 9.2.1：

Applications of DPN / 9.2.2：

Direct and Indirect Patterning of Biomaterials Using DPN / 9.3：

Background / 9.3.1：

Direct Patterning / 9.3.2：

Indirect Patterning / 9.3.3：

Applications of DPN for Medical Diagnostics and Drug Development / 9.4：

General Methods of Nano/Micro Bioarray Patterning / 9.4.1：

Virus Array Generation and Detection Tests / 9.4.2：

Diagnosis of Allergic Disease / 9.4.3：

Cancer Detection Using Nano/Micro Protein Arrays / 9.4.4：

Drug Development / 9.4.5：

Lab-on-a-Chip Using Microarrays / 9.4.6：

Summary and Future Directions / 9.5：

Understanding and Controlling Wetting Phenomena at the Micro-and Nanoscales / Zuankai Wang ; Nikhil Koratkar10：

Wetting and Contact Angle / 10.1：

Design and Creation of Superhydrophobic Surfaces / 10.3：

Design Parameters for a Robust Composite Interface / 10.3.1：

Creation of Superhydrophobic Surfaces / 10.3.2：

Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Unitary Roughness / 10.3.3：

Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Two-Scale Roughness / 10.3.4：

Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Reentrant Structure / 10.3.5：

Impact Dynamics of Water on Superhydrophobic Surfaces / 10.4：

Impact Dynamics on Nanostructured MWNT Surfaces / 10.4.1：

Impact Dynamics on Micropattemed Surfaces / 10.4.2：

Electrically Controlled Wettability Switching on Superhydrophobic Surfaces / 10.5：

Reversible Control of Wettability Using Electrostatic Methods / 10.5.1：

Electrowetting on Superhydrophobic Surfaces / 10.5.2：

Novel Strategies for Reversible Electrowetting on Rough Surfaces / 10.5.3：

Electrochemically Controlled Wetting of Superhydrophobic Surfaces / 10.6：

Polarity-Dependent Wetting of Nanotube Membranes / 10.6.1：

Mechanism of Polarity-Dependent Wetting and Transport / 10.6.2：

Potential Applications of Electrochemically Controlled Wetting and Transport / 10.6.3：

Imaging of Thin Films, and Its Application in the Life Sciences / Silvia Mittler10.7：

Thin Film Preparation Methods / 11.1：

Dip-Coating / 11.2.1：

Spin-Coating / 11.2.2：

Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) Films

Self-Assembled Monolayers / 11.2.4：

Layer-by-Layer Assembly / 11.2.5：

Polymer Brushes: The "Grafting-From" Approach / 11.2.6：

Structuring: The Micro- and Nanostructuring of Thin Films / 11.3：

Photolithography / 11.3.1：

Ion Lithography and FIB Lithography / 11.3.2：

Electron lithography / 11.3.3：

Micro-Contact Printing and Nanoimprinting (NIL) / 11.3.4：

Near-Field Scanning Methods / 11.3.5：

Other Methods / 11.3.6：

Imaging Technologies / 11.4：

The Concept of Total Internal Reflection / 11.4.1：

The Concept of Waveguiding / 11.4.2：

Brewster Angle Microscopy (BAM) / 11.4.3：

Resonant Evanescent Methods / 11.4.4：

Surface Plasmon Resonance Microscopy / 11.4.4.1：

Waveguide Resonance Microscopy / 11.4.4.2：

Surface Plasmon Enhanced Fluorescence Microscopy / 11.4.4.3：

Waveguide Resonance Microscopy with Electro-Optical Response / 11.4.4.4：

Nonresonant Evanescent Methods / 11.4.5：

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) Microscopy / 11.4.5.1：

Waveguide Scattering Microscopy / 11.4.5.2：

Waveguide Evanescent Field Fluorescence Microscopy (WEFFM) / 11.4.5.3：

Confocal Raman Microscopy and One- and Two-Photon Fluorescence Confocal Microscopy / 11.4.5.4：

Application of Thin Films in the Life Sciences / 11.5：

Sensors / 11.5.1：

Surface Functionalization for Biocompatibility / 11.5.2：

Drug Delivery / 11.5.3：

Bioreactors / 11.5.4：

Cell-Surface Mimicking / 11.5.5：

Summary / 11.6：

Structural Characterization Techniques of Molecular Aggregates, Polymer, and Nanoparticle Films / Takeshi Hasegawa12：

Characterization of Ultrathin Films of Soft Materials / 12.1：

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis / 12.2.1：

Infrared Transmission and Reflection Spectroscopy / 12.2.2：

Multiple-Angle Incidence Resolution Spectrometry (MAIRS) / 12.2.3：

Theoretical Background of MAIRS / 12.2.3.1：

Molecular Orientation Analysis in Polymer Thin Films by IR-MAIRS / 12.2.3.2：

Analysis of Metal Thin Films / 12.2.3.3：

Index

Preface

List of Contributors

Polymer Thin Films for Biomedical Applications / Venkat K. Vendra ; Lin Wu ; Sitaraman Krishnan1：

42.

図書

42. Organoselenium chemistry : synthesis and reactions

edited by Thomas Wirth

出版情報:	Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, c2012 xiv, 448 p. ; 25 cm
子書誌情報:	loading…
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Preface

List of Contributor

Electrophilic Selenium / Claudio Santi ; Stefano Santoro1：

General Introduction / 1.1：

Synthesis of Electrophilic Selenium Reagents / 1.1.1：

Reactivity and Properties / 1.1.2：

Addition Reactions to Double Bonds / 1.2：

Addition Reaction Involving Oxygen Centered Nucleophiles / 1.2.1：

Addition Reaction Involving Nitrogen Centered Nucleophiles / 1.2.2：

Addition Reactions Involving Carbon Centered Nucleophiles / 1.2.3：

Addition Reaction Involving Chiral Nucleophiles or Chiral Substrates / 1.2.4：

Selenocyclizations / 1.3：

Oxygen Nucleophiles / 1.3.1：

Nitrogen Nucleophiles / 1.3.2：

Competition between Oxygen and Nitrogen Nucleophiles / 1.3.3：

Carbon Nucleophiles / 1.3.4：

Double Cyclization Reactions / 1.3.5：

References

Nucleophilic Selenium / Michio Iwaoka2：

Introduction / 2.1：

Development of Nucleophilic Selenium Reagents / 2.1.1：

Examples of Recent Applications / 2.1.2：

Properties of Selenols and Selenolates / 2.2：

Electronegativity of Selenium / 2.2.1：

Tautomerism of Selenols / 2.2.2：

Nudeophilicity of Selenolates / 2.2.3：

Inorganic Nucleophilic Selenium Reagents / 2.3：

Conventional Reagents / 2.3.1：

New Reagents / 2.3.2：

Organic Nucleophilic Selenium Reagents / 2.4：

Preparation / 2.4.1：

Structure / 2.4.2：

Ammonium Selenolates (NH4+) / 2.4.3：

Selenolates of Group 1 Elements (Li, Na, K, and Cs) / 2.4.4：

Selenolates of Group 2 Elements (Mg, Ca, and Ba) / 2.4.5：

Selenolates of Group 3 Elements (Sm, Ce, Pr, Nb, and U) / 2.4.6：

Selenolates of Group 4 Elements (Ti, Zr, and Hf) / 2.4.7：

Selenolates of Group 5 Elements (V, Nb, and Ta) / 2.4.8：

Selenolates of Group 6 Elements (Mo and W) / 2.4.9：

Selenolates of Group 7 Elements (Mn and Re) / 2.4.10：

Selenolates of Group 8 Elements (Fe,Ru, and Os) / 2.4.11：

Selenolates of Group 9 Elements (Co, Rh, and Ir) / 2.4.12：

Selenolates of Group 10 Elements (Ni,Pd, and Pt) / 2.4.13：

Selenolates of Group 11 Elements (Cu, Ag, and Au) / 2.4.14：

Selenolates of Group 12 Elements (Zn, Cd, and Hg) / 2.4.15：

Selenolates of Group 13 Elements (B, Al, Ga, and In) / 2.4.16：

Selenolates of Group 14 Elements (Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb) / 2.4.17：

Selenolates of Group 15 Elements (P, As, Sb, and Bi) / 2.4.18：

Selenium Compounds in Radical Reactions / W. Russell Bowman3：

Homolytic Substitution at Selenium to Generate Radical Precursors / 3.1：

Bimolecular S_H2 Reactions: Synthetic Considerations / 3.1.1：

Radical Reagents / 3.1.1.1：

Alkyl Radicals from Selenide Precursors / 3.1.2：

Acyl Radicals from Acyl Selenide Precursors / 3.1.3：

Imidoyl Radicals from Imidoyl Selenides / 3.1.4：

Other Radicals from Selenide Precursors / 3.1.5：

Selenide Building Blocks / 3.2：

Solid Phase Synthesis / 3.3：

Selenide Precursors in Radical Domino Reactions / 3.4：

Homolytic Substitution at Selenium for the Synthesis of Se Containing Products / 3.5：

Intermolecular S_H2 onto Se / 3.5.1：

Intramolecular S_H2: Cyclization onto Se / 3.5.2：

Seleno Group Transfer onto Alkenes and Alkynes / 3.6：

Seleno Selenation / 3.6.1：

Seleno Sulfonation / 3.6.2：

Seleno Alkylation / 3.6.3：

PhSeH in Radical Reactions / 3.7：

Radical Clock Reactions / 3.7.1：

Problem of Unwanted Trapping of Intermediate Radicals / 3.7.2：

Catalysis of Starrnane-Mediated Reactions / 3.7.3：

Selenium Radical Anions, S_RN1 Substitutions / 3.8：

Selenium Stabilized Carbanions / Joao V. Comasseto ; Alcindo A. Dos Santos ; Edison P. Wendler4：

Preparation of Selenium-Stabilized Carbanions / 4.1：

Deprotonation of Selenides / 4.2.1：

Element Lithium Exchange / 4.2.2：

Conjugate Addition of Organometallics to Vinyl and Alkynylselenides / 4.2.3：

Reactivity of the Selenium-Stabilized Carbanions with Electrophiles and Synthetic Transformations of the Products / 4.3：

Reaction of Selernum Stabilized Carbanions with Electrophiles / 4.3.1：

Selenium Based Transformations on the Reaction Products of Selenium Stabilized Carbanions with Electrophiles / 4.3.2：

Stereochemical Aspects / 4.4：

Cyclic Selenium Stabilized Carbanions / 4.4.1：

Acyclic Selenium Stabilized Carbanions / 4.4.2：

Application of Selenium Stabilized Carbanions in Total Synthesis / 4.5：

Examples Using Alkylation Reactions of Selenium Stabilized Carbanions / 4.5.1：

Examples Using the Addition of Selenium-Stabilized Carbanions to Carbonyl Compounds / 4.5.2：

Examples Using 1,4 Addition of Selenium-Stabihzed Carbanions to a,p-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds / 4.5.3：

Conclusion / 4.6：

Selenium Compounds with Valency Higher than Two / Jozef Drabowicz ; Jarosiaw Lewkowski ; Jacek Scianowski5：

Trivalent, Dicoordinated Selenonium Salts / 5.1：

Trivalent, Tricoordinated Derivatives / 5.3：

Tetravalent, Dicoordinated Derivatives / 5.4：

Tetravalent, Tricoordinated Derivatives / 5.5：

Pentavalent Derivatives / 5.6：

Hexavalent, Tetracoordinated Derivatives / 5.7：

Hypervalent Derivatives / 5.8：

Selenuranes / 5.8.1：

Selenurane Oxides / 5.8.2：

Perselenuranes / 5.8.3：

Acknowledgment

Selenocarbonyls / Toshiaki Murai6：

Overview / 6.1：

Theoretical Aspects of Selenocarbonyls / 6.2：

Molecular Structure of Selenocarbonyls / 6.3：

Synthetic Procedures of Selenocarbonyls / 6.4：

Manipulation of Selenocarbonyls / 6.5：

Metal Complexes of Selenocarbonyls / 6.6：

Future Aspects / 6.7：

Selenoxide Elimination and [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement / Yoshiaki Nishibayashi ; Sakae Uemura7：

Preparation and Properties of Chiral Selenoxides / 7.1：

Selenoxide Elimination / 7.3：

Enantioselective Selenoxide Elimination Producing Chiral Allenes and Unsaturated Ketones / 7.3.1：

Diastereoselective Selenoxide Elimination Producing Chiral Allenecarboxylic Esters / 7.3.2：

2,3-Sigmatropic Rearrangement via Allylic Selenoxides / 7.4：

Enanrioselective [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement Producing Chiral Allylic Alcohols / 7.4.1：

Diastereoselective [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement Producing Chiral Allylic Alcohols / 7.4.2：

2,3-Sigmatropic Rearrangement via Allylic Selenimides / 7.5：

Preparation and Properties of Chiral Selenimides / 7.5.1：

Enanrioselective [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement Producing Chiral Allylic Amines / 7.5.2：

Diastereoselective [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements Producing Chiral Allylic Amines / 7.5.3：

2,3-Sigmatropic Rearrangement via Allylic Selenium Ylides / 7.6：

Preparation and Properties of Optically Active Selenium Ylides / 7.6.1：

Enantioselective [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements via Allylic Selenium Ylides / 7.6.2：

Diastereoselective [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement via Allylic Selenium Ylides / 7.6.3：

Summary / 7.7：

Selenium Compounds as Ligands and Catalysts / Fateh V. Singh ; Thomas Wirth8：

Selenium-Catalyzed Reactions / 8.1：

Stereoselective Addition of Diorganozinc Reagents to Aldehydes / 8.2.1：

Diethylzinc Addition / 8.2.1.1：

Diphenylzinc Addition / 8.2.1.2：

Selenium-Ligated Transition Metal-Catalyzed Reactions / 8.2.2：

Selenium-Ligated Stereoselective Hydrosilylation of Ketones / 8.2.2.1：

Selenium-Ligated Copper-Catalyzed Addition of Organometallic Reagents to Enones / 8.2.2.2：

Selenium-Ligated Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation / 8.2.2.3：

Selenium-Ligands in Palladium-Catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck Reactions / 8.2.2.4：

Selenium-Ligands in Palladium-Catalyzed Phenylselenenylation of Organohalides / 8.2.2.5：

Selenium-Ligands in Palladium-Catalyzed Substitution Reactions / 8.2.2.6：

Selenium-Ligands in the Palladium-Catalyzed Allylation of Aldehydes / 8.2.2.7：

Selenium-Ligands in Palladium-Catalyzed Condensation Reactions / 8.2.2.8：

Ruthenium-Catalyzed Substitution Reactions / 8.2.2.9：

Selenium-Ligands in Zinc-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroaminations / 8.2.2.10：

Selenium-Ligands in Organocatalytic Asymmetric Aldol Reactions / 8.2.3：

Selenium-Ligands in Stereoselective Darzens Reactions / 8.2.4：

Selenium-Catalyzed Carbonylation Reactions / 8.2.5：

Selective Reduction of a,p-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds / 8.2.6：

Selenium-Catalyzed Halogenations and Halocyclizations / 8.2.7：

Selenium-Catalyzed Staudinger-Vilarrasa Reaction / 8.2.8：

Selenium-Catalyzed Elimination Reactions of Diols / 8.2.9：

Selenium-Catalyzed Hydrostannylation of Alkenes / 8.2.10：

Selenium-Catalyzed Radical Chain Reactions / 8.2.11：

Selenium-Catalyzed Oxidation Reactions / 8.2.12：

Selenium-Catalyzed Epoxidation of Alkenes / 8.2.12.1：

Selenium-Catalyzed Dihydroxylation of Alkenes / 8.2.12.2：

Selenium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols / 8.2.12.3：

Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation / 8.2.12.4：

Selenium-Catalyzed Allylic Oxidation of Alkenes / 8.2.12.5：

Selenium-Catalyzed Oxidation of ArylAlkyl Ketones / 8.2.12.6：

Selenium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Primary Aromatic Amines / 8.2.12.7：

Selenium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkynes / 8.2.12.8：

Selenium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Halide Anions / 8.2.12.9：

Stereoselective Catalytic Selenenylation-Elimination Reactions / 8.2.13：

Selenium-Catalyzed Diels-Alder Reactions / 8.2.14：

Selenium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Thioacetals / 8.2.15：

Selenium-Catalyzed Baylis-Hillman Reaction / 8.2.16：

Biological and Biochemical Aspects of Selenium Compounds / Bhaskar J. Bhuyan ; Govindasamy Mugesh9：

Biological Importance of Selenium / 9.1：

Selenocysteine: The 21st Amino Acid / 9.3：

Biosynthesis of Selenocysteine / 9.4：

Chemical Synthesis of Selenocysteine / 9.5：

Chemical Synthesis of Sec-Containing Proteins and Peptides / 9.6：

Selenoenzymes / 9.7：

Glutathione Peroxidases / 9.7.1：

Iodothyronine Deiodinase / 9.7.2：

Synthetic Mimics of IDs / 9.7.3：

Thioredoxirn Reductase / 9.7.4：

öSe NMR Values / 9.8：

Index

Preface

List of Contributor

Electrophilic Selenium / Claudio Santi ; Stefano Santoro1：

43.

図書

43. The plant cytoskeleton in cell differentiation and development (: uk ; : us)

edited by Patrick J. Hussey

出版情報:	Oxford, UK : Blackwell , Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2004 xiii, 325 p. ; 25 cm
シリーズ名:	Annual plant reviews ; v. 10
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List of contributors

Preface

The cytoskeleton: the machinery and key molecules / Part 1：

Microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins / Clive Lloyd ; Jordi Chan ; Patrick J. Hussey1：

Introduction / 1.1：

Plant tubulin / 1.2：

Microtubule-associated proteins / 1.3：

Cross-bridging MAPs / 1.3.1：

Proteins that link microtubules to the plasma membrane / 1.3.2：

Microtubule motor proteins / 1.3.3：

Kinesin-related proteins in cytokinesis / 1.3.3.1：

Kinesin-related proteins in mitosis / 1.3.3.2：

Kinesin-related proteins in interphase / 1.3.3.3：

Dynein / 1.3.3.4：

Proteins involved in microtubule nucleation and release: the formation of the cortical array / 1.3.4：

Microtubule-interacting proteins / 1.3.5：

Concluding remarks / 1.4：

References

Actin and actin-modulating proteins / Christopher J. Staiger2：

Actin / 2.1：

Myosin / 2.3：

Actin-binding proteins: overview / 2.4：

Monomer-binding proteins / 2.5：

ADF/cofilin / 2.5.1：

Profilin / 2.5.2：

Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein / 2.5.3：

Cross-linking and bundling factors / 2.6：

Fimbrin / 2.6.1：

Villin and gelsolin-related proteins / 2.6.2：

115-ABP / 2.6.3：

eEF-1[alpha] / 2.6.4：

Spectrin / 2.6.5：

Capping factors / 2.7：

Capping protein (CP) / 2.7.1：

CapG / 2.7.2：

Others / 2.7.3：

Nucleation complexes / 2.8：

Arp2/3 / 2.8.1：

Other F-actin binding proteins / 2.9：

SuSy / 2.9.1：

ABP/MAP190 / 2.9.2：

AIP1 / 2.9.3：

Annexin / 2.9.4：

Gephyrin/AtCNX1 / 2.9.5：

AtSH3P / 2.9.6：

Caldesmon / 2.9.7：

Tropomyosin / 2.9.8：

Vinculin / 2.9.9：

LIM proteins / 2.9.10：

Acknowledgements / 2.10：

Fundamental cytoskeletal activities / Part 2：

Expanding beyond the great divide: the cytoskeleton and axial growth / Geoffrey O. Wasteneys ; David A. Collings3：

Division planes and the establishment of axiality / 3.1：

Cell plate formation and expansion / 3.2.1：

Phragmoplast microtubule and microfilament organization / 3.2.2：

Motor proteins during phragmoplast formation and expansion / 3.2.3：

Vesicle transport in the phragmoplast could be kinesin-based / 3.2.3.1：

Structural MAPs and kinesins function in phragmoplast formation and expansion / 3.2.3.2：

Expansion of the phragmoplast and cell plate requires both kinesins and myosins / 3.2.3.3：

Cytoskeletal mutants defective in cytokinesis / 3.2.4：

Setting up for axial growth: distinguishing lateral and end walls / 3.3：

The cytoskeleton at end walls of elongating cells / 3.3.1：

Establishing axial growth / 3.4：

A transverse cortical microtubule array is essential for axial growth / 3.4.1：

Microtubules and their relationship with cellulose microfibrils and xyloglucans / 3.4.2：

Does the cytoskeleton regulate wall polysaccharide and protein composition? / 3.4.3：

Hormones, cytoskeleton and wall extensibility / 3.4.4：

How does the actin cytoskeleton contribute to cell elongation? / 3.4.5：

Polar auxin transport and its regulation by the actin cytoskeleton / 3.5：

Auxin transport and the chemiosmotic theory / 3.5.1：

Important questions concerning auxin transport and the actin cytoskeleton / 3.5.2：

Small GTPases may be a key to the shuttling of auxin efflux carriers / 3.5.3：

Auxin and gene expression / 3.5.4：

Bending and twisting--the consequences of differential growth / 3.6：

Tropic bending responses / 3.6.1：

Twisting / 3.6.2：

Conclusions and future perspectives / 3.7：

Re-staging plant mitosis / Magdalena Weingarner ; Laszlo Bogre ; John H. Doonan4：

The cyclin dependent protein kinases / 4.1：

Cdk structure and diversity / 4.2.1：

Regulation of Cdk activity / 4.2.2：

Sequence of events during mitosis / 4.3：

Stage 1: preparation for mitosis / 4.3.1：

Stage 2: commitment to mitosis / 4.3.2：

Stage 3: preventing premature genome separation / 4.3.3：

Stage 4: separating the genome / 4.3.4：

Stage 5: exit from mitosis / 4.3.5：

Preparing for mitosis / 4.4：

Animal A-type cyclins / 4.4.1：

Plant A-type cyclins / 4.4.2：

The DNA damage checkpoint / 4.4.3：

Commitment to mitosis / 4.5：

Commitment to mitosis in animal cells / 4.5.1：

Commitment to mitosis in plant cells / 4.5.2：

The role of animal B-type cyclins / 4.5.3：

The role of plant B-type cyclins / 4.5.4：

Condensation of chromatin / 4.6：

Condensation of chromatin in animal cells / 4.6.1：

Condensation of chromatin in plant cells / 4.6.2：

Spindle formation / 4.7：

Spindle formation in animal cells / 4.7.1：

Spindle formation in plant cells / 4.7.2：

The spindle assembly checkpoint pathway / 4.8：

Regulation of APC / 4.8.1：

Separating the genome / 4.9：

Onset of APC-mediated proteolysis in animal cells / 4.9.1：

Onset of APC-mediated proteolysis in plant cells / 4.9.2：

Exit from mitosis and cytokinesis / 4.10：

Regulators of late mitotic events in animal cells / 4.10.1：

Late mitotic events in plant cells / 4.10.2：

Concluding remarks and perspectives / 4.11：

Organelle movements: transport and positioning / Franz Grolig5：

Transport and positioning of particular organelles / 5.1：

Peroxisome / 5.2.1：

Endoplasmic reticulum / 5.2.2：

Golgi / 5.2.3：

Vacuoles / 5.2.4：

Mitochondria / 5.2.5：

Chloroplasts / 5.2.6：

Algae / 5.2.6.1：

Mosses / 5.2.6.2：

Ferns / 5.2.6.3：

Seed plants / 5.2.6.4：

Nucleus / 5.2.7：

Premitotic nuclear positioning / 5.2.7.1：

Nuclear migrations elicited by external stimuli / 5.2.7.2：

Light-governed nuclear migration / 5.2.7.3：

Phragmoplast/cytokinesis / 5.2.8：

The cell wall: a sensory panel for signal transduction / Keiko Sugimoto-Shirasu ; Nicholas C. Carpita ; Maureen C. McCann5.3：

Plant cell wall composition and architecture / 6.1：

Cellulose / 6.2.1：

Cross-linking glycans / 6.2.2：

Pectins / 6.2.3：

Structural proteins / 6.2.4：

Aromatic substances / 6.2.5：

Cell growth and wall extensibility / 6.3：

The biophysics of growth underpins cell wall dynamics / 6.3.1：

The biochemical determinants of yield threshold and extensibility / 6.3.2：

Functional architecture revealed by mutation and transgenic approaches / 6.4：

The cellulose--cross-linking glycan network / 6.4.1：

The role of the cytoskeleton / 6.4.3：

Targeting of cell wall components / 6.5.1：

Mechanical connections / 6.5.2：

Sensing through the plasma membrane / 6.5.3：

The cytoskeleton and plant cell morphogenesis / 6.6：

Development of root hairs / Claire Grierson ; Tijs Ketelaar7：

Roles of the cytoskeleton in root hair morphogenesis / 7.1：

Microtubules / 7.2.1：

Microtubules affect root hair cell fate / 7.2.1.1：

Microtubules and root hair initiation / 7.2.1.2：

Microtubules control direction of root hair tip growth and prevent hairs from branching / 7.2.1.3：

Microtubules help to move the nucleus during tip growth in some species, but not in others / 7.2.1.4：

Actin filaments / 7.2.2：

Actin limits the size of the initiation site / 7.2.2.1：

Actin mediates tip growth by targeting vesicle delivery / 7.2.2.2：

F-actin is essential for the Arabidopsis nucleus to move during and after tip growth / 7.2.2.3：

Actin mediates cytoplasmic streaming in roots hairs / 7.2.2.4：

Actin at the end of tip growth / 7.2.2.5：

Mechanisms that regulate the cytoskeleton during root hair development / 7.3：

Mechanisms regulating root hair patterning / 7.3.1：

Mechanisms that regulate initiation / 7.3.2：

Mechanisms regulating tip growth / 7.3.3：

Mechanisms acting at the end of tip growth / 7.3.4：

The genetic network controlling root hair morphogenesis in Arabidopsis / 7.4：

Genes involved in root hair patterning / 7.4.1：

Genes affecting initiation / 7.4.2：

Genes required for tip growth to be established / 7.4.3：

Genes required to sustain and direct tip growth / 7.4.4：

Genes involved in nuclear movement / 7.4.5：

Genes with roles at the end of tip growth / 7.4.6：

Signaling the cytoskeleton in pollen tube germination and growth / Rui Malho ; Luisa Camacho7.5：

Different signaling pathways converge in the cytoskeleton / 8.1：

The actin cytoskeleton is the major motor driving force in pollen tube growth / 8.3：

Microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins in pollen tube growth / 8.4：

Ca[superscript 2+], modulator of the cytoskeleton / 8.5：

Signaling the cytoskeleton through phosphoinositides / 8.6：

Calmodulin, a primary Ca[superscript 2+] sensor / 8.7：

Protein kinases and phosphatases / 8.8：

14-3-3 proteins / 8.9：

The role of cyclic nucleotides / 8.10：

GTPases, the signaling switches / 8.11：

Transducons - the unity for signaling / 8.12：

Cytoskeletal requirements during Arabidopsis trichome development / Mark Beilstein ; Dan Szymanski8.13：

Trichome morphogenesis / 9.1：

Arabidopsis / 9.2.1：

Members of the Brassicaceae / 9.2.2：

Arabidopsis trichome development / 9.3：

Initiation and leaf development / 9.3.1：

Genetics of initiation / 9.3.2：

Arabidopsis trichome morphogenesis / 9.4：

Cytoskeletal inhibitors / 9.4.1：

Cytoskeletal organization in developing trichomes / 9.4.2：

Genetics of trichome morphogenesis / 9.4.2.1：

Reduced branching mutants: microtubule-based functions / 9.5.1：

ZWICHEL (ZWI) / 9.5.1.1：

Tubulin folding cofactors (TFCs) / 9.5.1.2：

Arabidopsis katanin small subunit (AtKSS) / 9.5.1.3：

ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN) / 9.5.1.4：

SPIKE1 (SPK1) / 9.5.1.5：

The distorted trichome shape mutants: actin-based functions / 9.5.2：

Signaling and the cytoskeleton in guard cells / Paula Duque ; Juan-Pablo Sanchez ; Nam-Hai Chua9.6：

Guard cell signaling / 10.1：

Cytosolic calcium / 10.2.1：

Cytosolic pH / 10.2.2：

Cyclic ADP-ribose / 10.2.3：

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and other lipid-derived second messengers / 10.2.4：

Membrane trafficking / 10.2.5：

New key intermediates / 10.2.7：

The cytoskeleton in guard cell function / 10.3：

(Re)organization of actin filaments / 10.3.1：

Rho GTPases / 10.3.1.1：

Cell volume regulation / 10.3.1.4：

Other hints of signaling to the guard cell actin cytoskeleton / 10.3.1.5：

Involvement of microtubules / 10.3.2：

Conclusions and perspectives / 10.4：

Acknowledgments

Index

The cytoskeleton: the machinery and key moleculesMicrotubules and microtubule-associated proteins / Jordi Chan, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK ; Patrick J. Hussey, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Durham, UK

Actin and actinmodulating proteins / Chris J. Staiger, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, Indiana, USA

Fundamental cytoskeleton activities

The cytoskeleton and plant cell morphogenesisDevelopment of root hairs / David A. Collings, Research School of Biological Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia ; Magdalena Weingarner, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany ; Laszlo Bgre, School of Biological Sciences, University of London, Surrey, UK ; John Doonan, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK ; Franz Grolig, Fachbereich Biologie / Botanik, Philipps-Universitt, Marburg, Germany ; Nicholas C. Carpita, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, Indiana, USA ; Maureen McCann, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK ; Tijs Ketelaar, School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, UK

List of contributors

Preface

The cytoskeleton: the machinery and key molecules / Part 1：

44.

図書

44. Modern Raman spectroscopy : a practical approach (: cloth ; : pbk.)

Ewen Smith, Geoffrey Dent

出版情報:	Chichester : J. Wiley & Sons, c2005 x, 210 p. ; 23 cm
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Acknowledgements

Introduction, Basic Theory, and Principles / Chapter 1：

Introduction / 1：

History / 1.1：

Basic Theory / 1.2：

Molecular Vibrations / 1.3：

Group Vibrations / 1.4：

An Approach to Interpretation / 1.5：

Summary / 1.6：

Bibliography and Refs / 1.7：

The Raman Experiment - Raman Instrumentation, Data Handling and Practical Aspects of Interpretation / Chapter 2：

Choice of Instruments / 2.1：

Visible Excitation / 2.3：

Raman Microscopes / 2.3.1：

Fibre Optic Couplings and Wave Guides / 2.3.2：

Near Infrared Excitation / 2.4：

Raman Sample Preparation and Handling / 2.5：

Raman Sample Handling / 2.5.1：

Sample Mounting - Optical Considerations / 2.5.2：

Sample Mounting Accessories / 2.6：

Small fibres, films, liquids and powders / 2.6.1：

Variable Temperature and Pressure Cells / 2.6.2：

Special Applications - Thin films, catalysts / 2.6.3：

Flow through/reaction cells, sample changers/automated mounts / 2.6.4：

Fibre Optic and Guided Wave Sensing / 2.6.5：

Microscopy and Imaging / 2.7：

Depth Profiling / 2.7.1：

Imaging and Mapping / 2.7.2：

Calibration / 2.8：

Data Handling, Manipulation and Quantitation / 2.9：

Production of Spectra / 2.9.1：

Display of Spectra / 2.9.2：

Spectrum Scales / 2.9.2.1：

Spectral Enhancement/Loss of Data / 2.9.2.2：

Quantitation / 2.9.3：

Quantitation - Hardware and Sampling Features / 2.9.3.1：

Quantitation - Data Handling Considerations / 2.9.3.2：

Practical Aspects of Qualitative Interpretation / 2.10：

Approach to Interpretation of a Raman Spectrum of an Unknown Sample / 2.10.1：

Knowledge of the Sample / 2.10.1.1：

Sample Preparation Effects / 2.10.1.2：

Instrument/Software Effects / 2.10.1.3：

The Spectrum / 2.10.1.4：

Computer Aided Spectrum Interpretation / 2.10.2：

Library Search Systems / 2.10.2.1：

Structural Determination Aids / 2.10.2.2：

Spectra Formats for Transfer and Exchange of Data / 6.4.1.1：

The Internet / 2.10.2.4：

Bibliography / 2.11：

Hard Copy Spectra Collections

Software Interpretation Tools, Databases, and Internet Sites

Refs

Theory of Raman Spectroscopy / Chapter 3：

Absorption and Scattering / 3.1：

States of a system and Hookes Law / 3.3：

The nature of polarisability and the measurement of polarisation / 3.4：

The basic selection rule / 3.5：

Number and symmetry of vibrations / 3.6：

Symmetry elements and point groups / 3.7：

The mutual exclusion rule / 3.8：

The Kramer Heisenberg Dirac Expression / 3.9：

Conclusions to be drawn from theory / 3.10：

Resonance Raman Scattering / Chapter 4：

Theorectical Aspects / 4.1：

The Basic Process / 4.2.1：

Electronic information / 4.2.2：

Resonance Excitation Profile / 4.2.3：

Practical Aspects / 4.2.4：

Examples Of The Use Of Resonance Raman Scattering / 4.4：

Small Molecules / 4.4.1：

Larger Molecules / 4.4.2：

Conclusions / 4.5：

Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering / Chapter 5：

Theory / 5.1：

Electromagnetic and charge transfer enhancement / 5.3：

Electromagnetic Excitation / 5.4：

Charge Transfer / 5.5：

Selection Rules / 5.6：

Applications of SERS / 5.7：

Applications of SERRS / 5.8：

The Basic Method / 5.9：

Applications / Chapter 6：

Inorganics / 6.1：

Art and Archaeology / 6.3：

Polymers / 6.4：

Overview / 6.4.1：

Simple Qualitative polymer Studies / 6.4.2：

Quantitative Polymer Studies / 6.4.3：

Colour / 6.5：

Raman Colour Probes / 6.5.1：

Insitu Analysis / 6.5.2：

Raman studies of Tautomerism in azo dyes / 6.5.3：

Polymorphism in Dyes / 6.5.4：

Electronics / 6.6：

Biological and Pharmaceuticals / 6.7：

Biological / 6.7.1：

Solid Phase Organic Chemistry / 6.7.3：

Pharmaceuticals / 6.7.4：

Non Contact Insitu Measurements / 6.7.4.1：

Molecular Specificity / 6.7.4.2：

Polymorphism / 6.7.4.3：

Forensics / 6.8：

Process Analysis and Catalysts / 6.9：

Electronics and Semiconductors / 6.9.1：

PCl3 Production Monitoring / 6.9.3：

Anatase and Rutile forms of Titanium Dioxide / 6.9.4：

Polymers and Emulsions / 6.9.5：

Pharmaceutical Industry / 6.9.6：

Fermentations / 6.9.7：

Gases / 6.9.8：

Catalysts / 6.9.9：

More Advanced Techniques / 6.10：

Flexible Optics / 7.1：

Tuneable Lasers, Frequency Doubling and Pulsed Lasers / 7.2：

Spatially resolved systems / 7.3：

Non linear Raman spectroscopy / 7.4：

Time Resolved Scattering / 7.8：

Raman optical activity / 7.9：

Ultraviolet spectroscopy / 7.10：

Acknowledgements

Introduction, Basic Theory, and Principles / Chapter 1：

Introduction / 1：

45.

図書

45. Introduction to electronic warfare

D. Curtis Schleher

出版情報:	Dedham, Mass. : Artech House, c1986 xii, 559 p. ; 24 cm
シリーズ名:	The Artech House radar library
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Electronic Warfare (EW) Principles and Overview / Chapter 1：

Electronic Warfare Taxonomy / 1.1：

Electronic Warfare Definitions and Areas / 1.1.1：

Electronic Warfare Support Measures (ESM) / 1.1.1.1：

Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) / 1.1.1.2：

Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) / 1.1.1.3：

Electronic Counter Countermeasures (ECCM) / 1.1.1.4：

Electronic Warfare Simulators / 1.1.1.5：

Defense Suppression / 1.1.1.6：

Signal Security (SIGSEC) / 1.1.1.7：

Electronic Warfare Frequency Bands and Channels / 1.1.1.8：

EW Missions and Scenarios / 1.2：

The EW Radar Threat Scenario / 1.2.1：

The EW Communications Threat Scenario / 1.2.2：

Electronic Support Measures (ESM) Receivers / Chapter 2：

Radar Warning Receivers (RWR) / 2.1：

Current ESM Receivers / 2.2：

The Crystal Video Receiver / 2.2.1：

The Superheterodyne Receiver / 2.2.2：

Instantaneous Frequency Measurement (IFM) Receiver / 2.2.3：

Advanced ESM Receivers / 2.3：

The Channelized Receiver / 2.3.1：

The Compressive Receiver / 2.3.2：

The Acousto-Optic Bragg Cell Receiver / 2.3.3：

Passive Direction Finding and Emitter Location / 2.4：

Noise Jamming / Chapter 3：

Noise Jammer Effectiveness / 3.1.1：

Jammer Look-Through / 3.1.2：

Power Management / 3.1.3：

Deception Electronic Countermeasures (DECM) / 3.2：

Range Gate Deception / 3.2.1：

Angle Deception / 3.2.2：

ECM against Conical Scanning Tracking Radars / 3.2.2.1：

ECM against Monopulse Tracking Radars / 3.2.2.2：

Velocity Deception / 3.2.3：

Modern ECM Systems / 3.3：

ECM against Pulse Compression and Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) Radars / 3.3.1：

Expendable Electronic Countermeasures / 3.4：

Chaff / 3.4.1：

Radar and Electronic Counter-Countermeasures (ECCM) / Chapter 4：

Radar Applications in Weapon Systems / 4.1：

Surveillance Radars / 4.2：

Surveillance Radar Design Principles / 4.2.1：

Surveillance Radar Detection Range--Clear and Jamming Environments / 4.2.1.1：

Low Altitude Detection--Radar Clutter / 4.2.1.2：

Surveillance Radar--Data Rate and Accuracy / 4.2.1.3：

Surveillance Radar Frequency Trade-Offs / 4.2.1.4：

Surveillance Radars--ECCM Considerations / 4.2.1.5：

Target Acquisition Radars / 4.3：

Weapon Control Radars / 4.4：

Tracking Radar Design Principles / 4.4.1：

Target Tracking Radar / 4.4.2：

Track-While-Scan Tracking Systems / 4.4.3：

Phased Array Tracking Radars / 4.4.4：

Tracking Radar--ECCM Considerations / 4.4.5：

Aircraft Control Radars / 4.5：

Weapon Location Radars / 4.6：

Missile Guidance Radars / 4.7：

Navigation and Mapping Radars / 4.8：

Radar Types and Characteristics / 4.9：

2-D Search Radars / 4.9.1：

3-D Search Radars / 4.9.2：

Moving Target Indicator (MTI) Radar / 4.9.3：

Pulsed Doppler Radar / 4.9.4：

Special Purpose Radar Types / 4.9.5：

Millimeter-Wave (MMW) Radar / 4.9.5.1：

Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) Radar / 4.9.5.2：

Over-the-Horizon (OTH) Radar / 4.9.5.3：

Bistatic Radar / 4.9.5.4：

Automatic Detection Radar / 4.9.5.5：

Command, Control, and Communications (C[superscript 3]) Systems / Chapter 5：

Strategic C[superscript 3] Systems / 5.1：

Tactical C[superscript 3] Systems / 5.2：

Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS) / 5.2.1：

Tactical Air Control System (TACS) / 5.2.2：

Rapid Deployment Force C[superscript 3]I / 5.2.3：

Tactical Data Links / 5.2.4：

Tactical Communication Radio Nets / 5.2.5：

C[superscript 3] Navigation Systems / 5.2.6：

Command, Control, and Communications Countermeasures (C[superscript 3]CM) / 5.3：

Air Defense Systems / 5.4：

Early Warning Radars / 5.4.1：

Airborne Early Warning Radars / 5.4.2：

Ground Control Intercept Radars / 5.4.3：

Air-to-Air Missile Guidance Systems / 5.4.4：

Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) Systems / 5.4.5：

Missile Control Laws / 5.4.5.1：

Modern SAM System / 5.4.5.2：

Radar and ECM Performance Analysis / Chapter 6：

Radar Detection Performance / 6.1：

Search Radar Detection Performance / 6.1.1：

Propagation Absorption Loss (L[subscript a]) / 6.1.1.1：

Beam Shape Loss (L[subscript b]) / 6.1.1.2：

Pattern Propagation Factor (F[subscript t],F[subscript r]) / 6.1.1.3：

System Noise Temperature (T[subscript s]) / 6.1.1.4：

Transmission Line Loss (L[subscript t]) / 6.1.1.5：

Receiver Matching Loss (C[subscript B]) / 6.1.1.6：

Collapsing Loss (L[subscript c]) / 6.1.1.7：

MTI Processing Loss / 6.1.1.8：

Signal-to-Noise Power Ratio / 6.1.1.9：

Search Radar Detection Range Calculation / 6.1.1.10：

The Cumulative Probability of Detection / 6.1.2：

ECM Jamming Equations / 6.2：

Repeater Jammer Equations / 6.2.1：

EW Receiver Sensitivity / 6.3：

Scanning Superheterodyne Receiver Sensitivity / 6.3.1：

EW Signal Processing / Chapter 7：

Input Signal Processing / 7.1：

Signal Environment / 7.1.1：

Processing of Multiple-Pulse Emitters / 7.1.1.1：

EM Sensor Subsystems / 7.1.2：

Large Aperture Antennas for ESM / 7.1.2.1：

Low Radar Cross Section (RCS) Antenna Systems / 7.1.2.2：

Sparse Arrays / 7.1.2.3：

The Receiver Subsystem / 7.1.3：

Transform Receivers / 7.1.3.1：

Conventional Channelizers / 7.1.3.2：

Digital Transforms / 7.1.3.3：

Parameter Encoding / 7.1.3.4：

Intrapulse Parameters

The Preprocessor / 7.1.4：

Mapping, Binning, or Histogramming / 7.1.4.1：

Associative Memories / 7.1.4.2：

Window Addressable Memories

Content Addressable Memories

Random Accessible Memories (RAMs)

The Data Servo Loop / 7.1.4.3：

Single-Instruction Multiple Data Arrays / 7.1.4.4：

Agile Parameter Tracking / 7.1.4.5：

High Duty Factor Emitters

Agile Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI) Emitters

Agile RF Emitters

Wideband Intrapulse RF Emitters

Output Signal Processing / 7.2：

The Computer / 7.2.1：

Jamming Logic / 7.2.2：

Advanced Fully Power-Managed Jamming / 7.2.2.1：

Time-Managed Jamming

RF Management

Coherent RF

Digital Exciters

Coherent Repetition

Amplitude Management

Direction Management

Generating Control Signals / 7.2.2.2：

Programmable Techniques Generator / 7.2.2.3：

Time-Ordered File / 7.2.2.4：

EW Technology and Future Trends / Chapter 8：

Antenna Technology / 8.1：

Fixed-Beam EW Antennas / 8.1.1：

Spiral Antennas / 8.1.1.1：

Horn Antennas / 8.1.1.2：

Helical Antennas / 8.1.1.3：

Log-Periodic Dipole Array Antennas / 8.1.1.4：

ECM Phased Array Antennas / 8.1.2：

Lens-Fed Multiple Beam Array / 8.1.3：

ECM Transmitter Power Source Technology / 8.2：

ECM Traveling Wave Tubes (TWTs) / 8.2.1：

Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) FET Amplifiers / 8.2.2：

Voltage Controlled Oscillators / 8.2.3：

Digital Radio Frequency Memories / 8.2.4：

EW Receiver Technology / 8.3：

Low-Noise Receivers / 8.3.1：

Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Delay Lines / 8.3.2：

EW at Millimeter Wavelengths / 8.4：

Low Observability EW Technology / 8.5：

Very High Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) / 8.6：

Artificial Intelligence / 8.7：

Index

Electronic Warfare (EW) Principles and Overview / Chapter 1：

Electronic Warfare Taxonomy / 1.1：

Electronic Warfare Definitions and Areas / 1.1.1：

46.

図書

46. Mass spectrometry : principles and applications. 3rd ed (: hbk ; : pbk)

Edmond de Hoffmann, Vincent Stroobant

出版情報:	Chichester, U.K. : J. Wiley, c2007 xii, 489 p. ; 26 cm
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Preface

Introduction

Principles

Diagram of a Mass Spectrometer

History

Ion Free Path

Ion Sources / 1：

Electron Ionization / 1.1：

Chemical Ionization / 1.2：

Proton transfer / 1.2.1：

Adduct formation / 1.2.2：

Charge-transfer chemical ionization / 1.2.3：

Reagent gas / 1.2.4：

Negative ion formation / 1.2.5：

Desorption chemical ionization / 1.2.6：

Field Ionization / 1.3：

Fast Atom Bombardment and Liquid Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry / 1.4：

Field Desorption / 1.5：

Plasma Desorption / 1.6：

Laser Desorption / 1.7：

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization / 1.8：

Principle of MALDI / 1.8.1：

Practical considerations / 1.8.2：

Fragmentations / 1.8.3：

Atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization / 1.8.4：

Thermospray / 1.9：

Atmospheric Pressure Ionization / 1.10：

Electrospray / 1.11：

Multiply charged ions / 1.11.1：

Electrochemistry and electric field as origins of multiply charged ions / 1.11.2：

Sensitivity to concentration / 1.11.3：

Limitation of ion current from the source by the electrochemical process / 1.11.4：

Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization / 1.11.5：

Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization / 1.13：

Atmospheric Pressure Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry / 1.14：

Desorption electrospray ionization / 1.14.1：

Direct analysis in real time / 1.14.2：

Inorganic Ionization Sources / 1.15：

Thermal ionization source / 1.15.1：

Spark source / 1.15.2：

Glow discharge source / 1.15.3：

Inductively coupled plasma source / 1.15.4：

Gas-Phase Ion-Molecule Reactions / 1.15.5：

Formation and Fragmentation of Ions: Basic Rules / 1.17：

Electron ionization and photoionization under vacuum / 1.17.1：

Ionization at low pressure or at atmospheric pressure / 1.17.2：

Formation of aggregates or clusters / 1.17.3：

Reactions at the interface between source and analyser / 1.17.6：

Mass Analysers / 2：

Quadrupole Analysers / 2.1：

Description / 2.1.1：

Equations of motion / 2.1.2：

Ion guide and collision cell / 2.1.3：

Spectrometers with several quadrupoles in tandem / 2.1.4：

Ion Trap Analysers / 2.2：

The 3D ion trap / 2.2.1：

The 2D ion trap / 2.2.2：

The Electrostatic Trap or 'Orbitrap' / 2.3：

Time-of-Flight Analysers / 2.4：

Linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer / 2.4.1：

Delayed pulsed extraction / 2.4.2：

Reflectrons / 2.4.3：

Tandem mass spectrometry with time-of-flight analyser / 2.4.4：

Orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight instruments / 2.4.5：

Magnetic and Electromagnetic Analysers / 2.5：

Action of the magnetic field / 2.5.1：

Electrostatic field / 2.5.2：

Dispersion and resolution / 2.5.3：

Tandem mass spectrometry in electromagnetic analysers / 2.5.4：

Ion Cyclotron Resonance and Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry / 2.6：

General principle / 2.6.1：

Ion cyclotron resonance / 2.6.2：

Fourier transform mass spectrometry / 2.6.3：

MS[superscript n] in ICR/FTMS instruments / 2.6.4：

Hybrid Instruments / 2.7：

Electromagnetic analysers coupled to quadrupoles or ion trap / 2.7.1：

Ion trap analyser combined with time-of-flight or ion cyclotron resonance / 2.7.2：

Hybrids including time-of-flight with orthogonal acceleration / 2.7.3：

Detectors and Computers / 3：

Detectors / 3.1：

Photographic plate / 3.1.1：

Faraday cup / 3.1.2：

Electron multipliers / 3.1.3：

Electro-optical ion detectors / 3.1.4：

Computers / 3.2：

Functions / 3.2.1：

Instrumentation / 3.2.2：

Data acquisition / 3.2.3：

Data conversion / 3.2.4：

Data reduction / 3.2.5：

Library search / 3.2.6：

Tandem Mass Spectrometry / 4：

Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Space or in Time / 4.1：

Tandem Mass Spectrometry Scan Modes / 4.2：

Collision-Activated Decomposition or Collision-Induced Dissociation / 4.3：

Collision energy conversion to internal energy / 4.3.1：

High-energy collision (keV) / 4.3.2：

Low-energy collision (between 1 and 100 eV) / 4.3.3：

Other Methods of Ion Activation / 4.4：

Reactions Studied in MS/MS / 4.5：

Tandem Mass Spectrometry Applications / 4.6：

Structure elucidation / 4.6.1：

Selective detection of target compound class / 4.6.2：

Ion-molecule reaction / 4.6.3：

The kinetic method / 4.6.4：

Mass Spectrometry/Chromatography Coupling / 5：

Elution Chromatography Coupling Techniques / 5.1：

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry / 5.1.1：

Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry / 5.1.2：

Capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry / 5.1.3：

Chromatography Data Acquisition Modes / 5.2：

Data Recording and Treatment / 5.3：

Data recording / 5.3.1：

Instrument control and treatment of results / 5.3.2：

Analytical Information / 6：

Mass Spectrometry Spectral Collections / 6.1：

High Resolution / 6.2：

Information at different resolving powers / 6.2.1：

Determination of the elemental composition / 6.2.2：

Isotopic Abundances / 6.3：

Low-mass Fragments and Lost Neutrals / 6.4：

Number of Rings or Unsaturations / 6.5：

Mass and Electron Parities, Closed-shell Ions and Open-shell Ions / 6.6：

Electron parity / 6.6.1：

Mass parity / 6.6.2：

Relationship between mass and electron parity / 6.6.3：

Quantitative Data / 6.7：

Specificity / 6.7.1：

Sensitivity and detection limit / 6.7.2：

External standard method / 6.7.3：

Sources of error / 6.7.4：

Internal standard method / 6.7.5：

Isotopic dilution method / 6.7.6：

Fragmentation Reactions / 7：

Electron Ionization and Fragmentation Rates / 7.1：

Quasi-Equilibrium and RRKM Theory / 7.2：

Ionization and Appearance Energies / 7.3：

Fragmentation Reactions of Positive Ions / 7.4：

Fragmentation of odd-electron cations or radical cations (OE[superscript [middle dot]+]) / 7.4.1：

Fragmentation of cations with an even number of electrons (EE[superscript +]) / 7.4.2：

Fragmentations obeying the parity rule / 7.4.3：

Fragmentations not obeying the parity rule / 7.4.4：

Fragmentation Reactions of Negative Ions / 7.5：

Fragmentation mechanisms of even electron anions (EE[superscript -]) / 7.5.1：

Fragmentation mechanisms of radical anions (OE[superscript [middle dot]-]) / 7.5.2：

Charge Remote Fragmentation / 7.6：

Spectrum Interpretation / 7.7：

Typical ions / 7.7.1：

Presence of the molecular ion / 7.7.2：

Typical neutrals / 7.7.3：

A few examples of the interpretation of mass spectra / 7.7.4：

Analysis of Biomolecules / 8：

Biomolecules and Mass Spectrometry / 8.1：

Proteins and Peptides / 8.2：

ESI and MALDI / 8.2.1：

Structure and sequence determination using fragmentation / 8.2.2：

Applications / 8.2.3：

Oligonucleotides / 8.3：

Mass spectra of oligonucleotides / 8.3.1：

Applications of mass spectrometry to oligonucleotides / 8.3.2：

Fragmentation of oligonucleotides / 8.3.3：

Characterization of modified oligonucleotides / 8.3.4：

Oligosaccharides / 8.4：

Mass spectra of oligosaccharides / 8.4.1：

Fragmentation of oligosaccharides / 8.4.2：

Degradation of oligosaccharides coupled with mass spectrometry / 8.4.3：

Lipids / 8.5：

Fatty acids / 8.5.1：

Acylglycerols / 8.5.2：

Bile acids / 8.5.3：

Metabolomics / 8.6：

Mass spectrometry in metabolomics / 8.6.1：

Exercises / 8.6.2：

Questions

Answers

Appendices

Nomenclature

Units

Definitions

Analysers

Detection

Ionization

Ion types

Fragmentation

Acronyms and abbreviations

Fundamental Physical Constants

Table of Isotopes in Ascending Mass Order / 4A：

Table of Isotopes in Alphabetical Order / 4B：

Isotopic Abundances (in %) for Various Elemental Compositions CHON

Gas-Phase Ion Thermochemical Data of Molecules

Gas-Phase Ion Thermochemical Data of Radicals

Literature on Mass Spectrometry

Mass Spectrometry on Internet

Index

Preface

Introduction

Principles

47.

図書

47. Scanning probe microscopies : from surface structure to nano-scale engineering

A. De Stefanis and A.A.G. Tomlinson

出版情報:	Uetikon-Zuerich, Switzerland : Trans Tech Publications, c2001 94, iv p. ; 25 cm
シリーズ名:	Materials science foundations ; 14
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Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy / 1：

Introduction and history / 1.1：

The physical basis of STM / 1.2：

Instrumentation, past and present / 1.3：

STM Image interpretation / 1.4：

STM spectroscopy / 1.5：

Atomic Force and Related Force Microscopies / 2：

History / 2.1：

Principles / 2.2：

Instrumentation and an AFM Sitting / 2.3：

Other Microscopy Techniques Comparison / 2.4：

Applications of SPM / 2.5：

Scientific / 2.5.1：

Solid state structure / 2.5.1.1：

Films, layers coatings / 2.5.1.2：

Tribology / 2.5.1.3：

Interatomic Forces / 2.5.2：

Technological / 2.5.3：

Micro and nanoelectronic / 2.5.3.1：

Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) / 2.5.3.2：

Plastics and Polymers / 2.5.3.3：

Industrial coatings / 2.5.3.4：

Nanofabrication / 2.5.3.5：

New techniques and the future / 2.5.3.6：

References / 3：

1 SCANNING TUNNELLING MICROSCOPY 1.1 Introduction and History / A. De Stefanis; A.A.G. Tomlinson

1.2 The Physical Basis of STM

1.3 Instrumentation, Past and Present

1.4 STM Image Interpretation

1.5 STM Spectroscopy

2 ATOMIC FORCE AND RELATED FORCE MICROSCOPIES. 2.1 History

2.2 Principles

2.3 Instrumentation and an AFM Sitting

2.4 Other Microscopy Techniques Comparison

2.5 Applications of SPM

Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy / 1：

Introduction and history / 1.1：

The physical basis of STM / 1.2：

48.

図書

48. Incompressible flow and the finite element method : advection-diffusion and isothermal laminar flow

P. M. Gresho, R. L. Sani in collaboration with M. S. Engelman

出版情報:	Chichester : Wiley, c1998 xx, 1021p ; 25cm
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Preface

Glossary of Abbreviations

Introduction / 1：

Incompressible Flow / 1.1：

The Finite Element Method / 1.3：

Incompressible Flow and the Finite Element Method / 1.4：

Overview of this Book; Some Subjective Discussion / 1.5：

Why Finite Elements? Why not Finite Volume? / 1.6：

The Advection-Diffusion Equation / 2：

The Continuum Equation / 2.1：

The Advective (Convective) Form / 2.1.1：

Dimensionless Forms and Limiting Cases of the Equation / 2.1.2：

The Divergence (Conservation) Form / 2.1.3：

Conservation Laws / 2.1.4：

Weak forms of PDE's/Natural Boundary Conditions / 2.1.5：

The Finite Element Equations/Discretization of the Weak Form / 2.2：

Advective Form / 2.2.1：

Divergence Form / 2.2.2：

An Absolutely Conserving Form / 2.2.3：

A Finite Difference Interpretation / 2.2.5：

A Control Volume FEM... / 2.2.6：

Some Semi-Discrete Equations / 2.3：

One Dimension / 2.3.1：

Two Dimensions with Bilinear Elements / 2.3.2：

Two Dimension with Biquadratic Elements / 2.3.3：

Two Dimensions with Serendipity Elements / 2.3.4：

Open Boundary Conditions (OBC's) / 2.4：

Two Dimensions / 2.4.1：

Some Non-Galerkin Results / 2.5：

The Lumped Mass Approximation / 2.5.1：

One-point Quadrature / 2.5.2：

Control Volume Finite Element (CVFEM) / 2.5.3：

The Group FEM/Product Approximation / 2.5.4：

The Petrov-Galerkin FEM / 2.5.5：

Dispersion, Dissipation, Phase Speed, Group Velocity, Mesh Design, and - Wiggles / 2.6：

Qualitative Discussion / 2.6.1：

Qualitative Discussion for some 1D Problems / 2.6.2：

Extension to 2D / 2.6.3：

Time Integration / 2.7：

Some Explicit ODE Methods / 2.7.1：

Application to Advection Diffusion (Scalar Transport) / 2.7.2：

Some Implicit ODE Methods / 2.7.3：

A Variable-Step Implicit Method for Advection-Diffusion / 2.7.4：

A Semi-Implicit Method / 2.7.5：

Dispersion (et al.) Errors for some Fully Discrete Methods / 2.7.6：

Concluding remarks and Suggestions / 2.7.8：

Additional Numerical Examples / 2.8：

Unstable ODE Examples / 2.8.1：

Advection-Diffusion of a Puff (Point Source) / 2.8.2：

The Rotating Cone - A Pure Advection Test Problem / 2.8.3：

The Navier-Stokes Equations / 3：

Notational Introduction / 3.1：

The Continuum, Equations (PDE's) / 3.2：

Alternate Forms of the Viscous Term / 3.3：

Stress-Divergence Form / 3.3.1：

Div-Curl Form / 3.3.2：

Curl Form / 3.3.3：

Alternate Forms of the Non-Linear Term / 3.4：

Rotational Form / 3.4.1：

Skew-Symmetric Form / 3.4.3：

A Symmetric Form / 3.4.4：

Derived Equations / 3.5：

The Pressure Poisson Equation (PPE) / 3.5.1：

The Vorticity Transport Equation / 3.5.2：

The Penalized Momentum Equation / 3.5.3：

Alternate Statements of the NS Equations / 3.6：

Velocity-Pressure in Divergence Form / 3.6.1：

Velocity-Pressure in Rotational Form / 3.6.2：

PPE Form / 3.6.3：

The Stream Function-Vorticity (-) / 3.6.4：

The Velocity-Vorticity Formulation / 3.6.5：

Other Formulations / 3.6.6：

Special Cases of Interest / 3.7：

Stokes Flow / 3.7.1：

Inviscid Flow / 3.7.2：

Potential Flow / 3.7.3：

Axisymmetric Flow / 3.7.4：

Boundary Conditions / 3.8：

u-P Equations / 3.8.1：

The Pressure Poisson Equation and Pressure Boundary Conditions / 3.8.2：

The Vorticity Transport Equation and Boundary Conditions on the Vorticity / 3.8.3：

Initial Conditions (and Well-Posedness) / 3.9：

The u-P Formulation / 3.9.1：

The PPE Formulation / 3.9.2：

Vorticity-Based Methods / 3.9.3：

Interim Summary / 3.10：

A Well-Posed IBVP for Incompressible Flow, and the Equivalence Theorem / 3.10.1：

Some Ill-Posed Problems / 3.10.2：

The Simplified PPE is also Ill-Posed / 3.10.3：

Fixing the SPPE and PPE Paradox / 3.10.4：

PPE Solutions that are not NSE Solutions / 3.10.5：

A Remark on the Penalty Method / 3.10.6：

Key Features of Incompressible Flow / 3.10.7：

Global Conservation Laws / 3.11：

Preface

Glossary of Abbreviations

Introduction / 1：

49.

図書

東工大
目次DB

図書

東工大
目次DB

49. Earthquake motion and ground conditions : in commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the Research Subcommittee on Earthquake Ground Motion, the Architectural Institute of Japan

edited and published by the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ)

出版情報:	Tokyo : The Architectural Institute of Japan, 1993 4, 5, 596 p. ; 26 cm
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Preface

AIJ Committee Members

Editors and Authors

PART I. FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF EARTHQUAKE MOTION

1. Earthquake Source Mechanisms and Their Characteristics 1

1.1 Overview of earthquake sources [R. Inoue, K. Shimazaki, and M. Takeo] 2

1.1.1 Fault models 2

1.1.2 Quantification of earthquakes 9

1.1.3 Seismicity 15

1.1.4 Earthquakes and active faults 19

1.2 Earthquake source spectrum from complex faulting processes [J. Koyama] 22

1.2.1 Earthquake source spectra 22

1.2.2 Acceleration spectra 35

1.2.3 Earthquake magnitude and complex faulting processes 45

2. Propagation and Attenuation of Seismic Waves 65

2.1 Observed attenuation of seismic waves [M. Takemura] 65

2.1.1 Definition of a Q-value 65

2.1.2 Evaluation of Q-values from observed records 66

2.1.3 Attenuation curves 73

2.2 Seismic wave propagation in a homogeneous random medium [M. Kawano] 79

2.2.1 Review of the problems 79

2.2.2 Effective wave number 80

2.2.3 Average wave motion 81

2.2.4 Numerical example 82

3. Amplification of Seismic Waves 97

3.1 Amplification of body waves [J. Shibuya] 98

3.1.1 Effects of local site conditions on damages and earthquake motion 98

3.1.2 Body waves in layered media 102

3.1.3 Nonlinear response of soil layers 105

3.2 Excitation of surface waves in multilayered ground [S. Noda] 106

3.2.1 Significance of surface waves 106

3.2.2 Surface waves in layered media 107

3.2.3 Spatial and temporal variation of earthquake motion 111

3.2.4 Simulation of surface waves 112

3.2.5 Site amplification factors 115

3.3 Effects of surface and subsurface irregularities [H. Kawase] 118

3.3.1 Various types of irregularities 118

3.3.2 Material heterogeneity 119

3.3.3 Input wave type 120

3.3.4 Surface irregularities 120

3.3.5 Subsurface irregularities 134

4. Intensity of Earthquake Motion 157

4.1 Ground motion severity measures and structure damage [S.Midorikawa] 157

4.1.1 Ground motion severity measures 157

4.1.2 Damage and ground motion intensity 161

4.2 Seismic intensity distribution of large earthquakes [H. Kagami] 166

4.2.1 Spatial patterns of isoseismals and factors affecting them 167

4.2.2 Utilization of seismic intensity data 172

4.3 Seismic intensity measurement and its application [S. Okada] 176

4.3.1 Advantage of using seismic intensity measurements 176

4.3.2 Seismic intensity scales 177

4.3.3 Prospects of an advanced seismic intensity scale 184

4.3.4 Seismic intensity measurements as the key to seismic disaster management 184

PART II. EARTHQUAKE MOTION OBSERVATION AND GEOTECHNICAL SURVEY

1. Observation of Strong Ground Motion 191

1.1 Historical review, instrumentation, and observation system [Y. Kitagawa] 191

1.1.1 Strong ground motion accelerographs 191

1.1.2 Observation of subsurface earthquake motion 198

1.2 Array observation of strong ground motion [K. Kudo and T. Tanaka] 199

1.2.1 Brief historical review 199

1.2.2 Purpose and method 200

1.2.3 Examples 201

1.3 Data processing and databases for strong motion records [S. Sugito] 206

1.3.1 Digitization and correction 206

1.3.2 Databases 211

1.3.3 Current situation regarding the release of data in Japan 216

1.4 Application of strong ground motion records and future tasks [K. Ishida and M. Tohdo] 217

1.4.1 Application of strong ground motion records 217

1.4.2 Future tasks of strong motion recording systems 225

1.4.3 Future development of a world-wide data exchange system 227

2. Subsurface Investigation and Soil Dynamics 231

2.1 Geophysical properties and soil investigation [N. Yoshida] 231

2.1.1 In-situ tests 232

2.1.2 Laboratory tests 234

2.2 Deformation characteristics of soils [N. Yoshida] 237

2.2.1 Evaluation at small strains 238

2.2.2 Evaluation at large strains 242

2.2.3 Strength characteristics 246

2.3 Modeling the stress-strain relationship of soils [N. Yoshida] 250

2.3.1 1-dimensional analysis 250

2.3.2 2- and 3-dimensional analysis 255

2.3.3 Equivalent linear method 256

2.4 Soil liquefaction [N. Yoshida] 258

2.4.1 Mechanism of liquefaction 258

2.4.2 Damage caused by soil liquefaction 259

2.4.3 Evaluation of liquefaction potential 261

2.4.4 Effective stress analysis for liquefaction 266

2.4.5 Liquefaction-induced large ground displacement 271

3. Survey of Deep Subsurface Structure 277

3.1 Artificial seismic sources [H. Yamanaka] 277

3.2 Surveying methods [H. Yamanaka and S. Zama] 281

3.2.1 Seismic refraction method 281

3.2.2 Seismic reflection method 283

3.2.3 Other geophysical methods 288

3.3 Exploration results in Japan [S. Zama] 292

3.3.1 Examples 292

3.3.2 Comparison of exploration results obtained by different methods 300

3.4 Applications to earthquake engineering problems [H. Yamanaka] 304

3.5 Future prospects [K. Seo] 308

4. Measurement of Microtremors 315

4.1 Microtremor or microvibration [N. Taga] 315

4.1.1 Definition 315

4.1.2 Measurement 315

4.1.3 Nature 317

4.1.4 Applications 319

4.1.5 Examples 322

4.1.6 Special cases 323

4.2 Long-period microtremors [H. Kagami] 324

4.2.1 Observation scheme 324

4.2.2 Analysis and interpretation 325

PART III. PREDICTION OF STRONG GROUND MOTION AND ITS APPLICATION TO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

1. Simulation and Prediction of Strong Ground Motion 335

1.1 Theoretical approach [K. Irikura and T. Iwata] 335

1.1.1 Basic theory for simulating ground motion 335

1.1.2 Characterization of earthquake ground motions 337

1.1.3 Numerical simulations of earthquake ground motions 345

1.2 Semi-empirical approach [K. Irikura, T. Iwata, and M. Takemura] 349

1.2.1 Basic theory and review 349

1.2.2 Modeling of heterogeneous faulting 363

1.2.3 Stochastic modeling and scaling relation of strong motion spectra 370

1.3 Empirical approach [M. Takemura] 377

1.3.1 Attenuation curves in near-source regions 377

1.3.2 Duration time of strong ground motion 383

1.3.3 Stochastic simulation of high-frequency ground motion 386

2. Effects of Surface Geology on Strong Ground Motion 395

2.1 General review of site effects studies [M. Motosaka and T. Ohta] 395

2.1.1 Effects of soil irregularity and heterogeneity on strong ground motion 395

2.1.2 Average characteristics and effects of surface geology 402

2.2 Effects of surface geology on strong motion during destructive earthquakes [Y. Hisada and S. Midorikawa] 406

2.2.1 Strong ground motion in Mexico City during the 1985 Mexico earthquake 406

2.2.2 Strong ground motion during the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake 412

2.3 International experiments on ground motion prediction [C. Cramer and K. Kudo] 416

2.3.1 The Turkey Flat, California, experiment 416

2.3.2 The Ashigara Valley, Japan, experiment 420

3. Seismic Zonation 435

3.1 Seismic macrozonation [H. Murakami] 435

3.1.1 Purpose and overview of macrozonation 435

3.1.2 Statistical and probabilistic approach 437

3.1.3 An approach that reflects geological fault information 439

3.1.4 Linkage to microzonation and future research needs 442

3.2 Seismic microzonation map [H. Kagami] 443

3.2.1 Evaluation of seismic input motions and ground failure 443

3.2.2 Risk zonation map 448

3.2.3 Recent trends and future problems 453

3.3 Seismic zonation and earthquake risk management [M. Naganoh] 455

3.3.1 Critical need for earthquake risk management 455

3.3.2 Seismic disaster processes 456

3.3.3 Damage assessment and earthquake planning scenarios 458

3.3.4 Countermeasures and studies implemented by the government 463

3.3.5 Countermeasures and studies implemented by the business community 464

3.3.6 Urban disaster prevention planning 465

4. Strong Ground Motion in Seismic Design 471

4.1 Seismic design in current codes [S. Nagahashi, M. Tohdo, K. Wakamatsu, and M. Yamada] 471

4.1.1 Philosophy behind earthquake resistant design 471

4.1.2 The Building Standard Law of Japan 472

4.1.3 High-rise buildings 476

4.1.4 Specialized buildings 479

4.2 Approaches to new seismic design codes [M. Hisano, Y. Inoue, M. Kawano, M. Niwa, S. Ohba, T. Ohta, M. Tohdo, K. Ukai, and H. Yokota] 481

4.2.1 Strong ground motion in seismic design in Japan 481

4.2.2 Strong ground motion in the Tokyo bay area 483

4.2.3 Strong ground motion in the Osaka bay area 491

4.2.4 Strong ground motion for new types of buildings 499

4.3 Needs and prospects for design earthquake motion [K. Hagio] 502

APPENDICES : FINDINGS FROM RECENT EARTHQUAKES

A1. Overview [H. Kagami] 507

A2. Lessons learned from the destructive damage of recent earthquakes in Japan [N. Taga] 515

A3. Accumulation of strong ground motion records in Japan [T. Watanabe] 527

A4. Review of recent earthquakes 534

(1) The 1968 Tokachi-oki earthquake [Y. Kitagawa] 534

(2) The 1978 Miyagiken-oki earthquake [J. Shibuya] 537

(3) The 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake [S. Midorikawa] 542

(4) The 1982 Urakawa-oki earthquake [H. Kagami] 546

(5) The 1983 Nihonkai-chubu earthquake [S. Noda] 550

(6) The 1984 Naganoken-seibu earthquake [K. Imaoka and N. Taga] 560

(7) The 1985 Central Chile earthquake [S. Midorikawa] 565

(8) The 1985 Michoacan-Guerrero, Mexico, earthquake [T. Ohta] 568

(9) The 1987 Chibaken Toho-oki earthquake [S. Zama] 575

(10) The 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake [M. Naganoh] 583

Index 593

Preface

AIJ Committee Members

Editors and Authors

50.

図書

50. Thermal deformation in machine tools

edited by Yoshimi Ito

出版情報:	New York : McGraw-Hill, c2010 xx, 214 p. ; 24 cm
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Preface

Abbreviations

Nomenclature

Table for Conversation

Fundamentals in Design of Structural Body Components / 1：

Necessities and Importance of Lightweighted Structure in Reduction of Thermal Deformation-Discussion Using Mathematical Models / 1.1：

First-hand View for Lightweighted Structures with High Stiffness and Damping in Practice / 1.2：

Axi-symmetrical Configuration-Portal Column (Column of Twin-Pillar Type) / 1.2.1：

Placement and Allocation of Structural Configuration Entities / 1.2.2：

References

What Is Thermal Deformation? / 2：

General Behavior of Thermal Deformation / 2.1：

Estimation of Heat Sources and Their Magnitudes / 2.2：

Estimation of Heat Source Position / 2.2.1：

Estimation of Magnitude of Heat Generation / 2.2.2：

Estimation of Thermal Deformation of Machine Tools / 2.3：

Estimation of Thermal Deformation in General / 2.3.1：

Thermal Deformation Caused by Inner Heat Sources / 2.3.2：

Thermal Deformation Caused by Both Inner and Outer Heat Sources / 2.3.3：

Heat Sources Generated by Chips and Their Dissipation / 2.4：

Mathematical Model of Chips / 2.4.1：

Thermal Properties of Chips-Equivalent Thermal Conductivity and Contact Resistance / 2.4.2：

An Example of Heat Transfer from Piled Chips to Machine Tool Structure / 2.4.3：

Dissipation of Chips / 2.4.4：

Future Perspectives in Research and Development for Heat Sources and Dissipation / 2.5：

Structural Materials and Design for Preferable Thermal Stability / 3：

Remedies Concerning Raw Materials for Structural Body Components / 3.1：

Concrete / 3.1.1：

Painting and Coating Materials / 3.1.2：

New Materials / 3.1.3：

Remedies Concerning Structural Configurations and Plural-Spindle Systems / 3.2：

Non-Sensitive Structure / 3.2.1：

Non-Constraint Structure / 3.2.2：

Deformation Minimization Structure / 3.2.3：

Plural-Spindle Systems-Twin-Spindle Configuration Including Spindle-over-Spindle Type / 3.2.4：

Future Perspectives in Research and Development for Structural Configuration to Minimize Thermal Deformation / 3.3：

Two-Layered Spindle with Independent Rotating Function / 3.3.1：

Selective Modular Design for Advanced Quinaxial-Controlled MC with Turning Function / 3.3.2：

Various Remedies for Reduction of Thermal Deformation / 4：

Thermal Deformations and Effective Remedies / 4.1：

Classification of Remedies for Reduction of Thermal Deformation / 4.2：

Separation of Heat Sources / 4.2.1：

Reduction of Generated Heat / 4.2.2：

Equalization of Temperature Distribution / 4.2.3：

Compensation of Thermal Deformations / 4.2.4：

Innovative Remedies for Minimizing Thermal Deformation in the Near Future / 4.3：

Appendix

Optimization of Structural Design / A.1：

Finite Element Analysis for Thermal Behavior / 5：

Numerical Computation for Thermal Problems in General / 5.1：

Introduction / 5.1.1：

Finite Element Method / 5.1.2：

Finite Differences Method / 5.1.3：

Decision Making for the Selection of Methods / 5.1.4：

Procedure for Thermal Finite Element Analysis / 5.2：

Discretisation / 5.2.1：

Materials / 5.2.3：

Assembling Components to an Entire Machine Tool Model / 5.2.4：

Boundary Conditions / 5.2.5：

Loadcases / 5.2.6：

Linear and Non-Linear Thermal Computation / 5.2.7：

Determination of Boundary Conditions / 5.3：

Convection Heat Transfer Coefficients / 5.3.1：

Emission Coefficients and View Factors / 5.3.3：

Heat Sources and Sinks / 5.3.4：

Thermomechanical Simulation Process / 5.4：

Serial Processing / 5.4.1：

Coupled Processing / 5.4.3：

Future Perspectives in Research and Development for Thermal FEA / 5.5：

Engineering Computation for Thermal Behavior and Thermal Performance Test / 6：

Tank Model / 6.1：

Bond Graph Simulation to Estimate Thermal Behavior within High-Voltage and NC Controllers / 6.2：

Thermal Performance Testing / 6.3：

Index

Preface

Abbreviations

Nomenclature

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