New Chemistry for Organic Photovoltaic Materials / Cuihong Li ; Zhishan BoChapter 1: |
Introduction / 1.1: |
Stille Polycondensation / 1.2: |
History and Mechanism of the Stille Coupling Reaction / 1.2.1: |
The Reaction Catalyst, Ligand and Solvent / 1.2.2: |
Monomers / 1.2.3: |
Advantages of the Stille Polycondensation / 1.2.4: |
Disadvantages of the Stille Polycondensation / 1.2.5: |
Examples of Synthesis of D-A Conjugated Polymers by Stille Coupling / 1.2.6: |
Suzuki Polycondensation / 1.3: |
History and Mechanism of the Suzuki Coupling Reaction / 1.3.1: |
Mechanism of the Suzuki Coupling Reaction / 1.3.2: |
Catalyst, Ligand and Solvents / 1.3.3: |
Advantages of the Suzuki Coupling Reaction / 1.3.4: |
Drawbacks of the Suzuki Coupling Reaction / 1.3.6: |
Examples of the Suzuki Coupling Reaction / 1.3.7: |
C-H Activation/Direct Arylation Polycondensation / 1.4: |
History and Mechanism of the C-H Activation Polycondensation / 1.4.1: |
Mechanistic Insight / 1.4.2: |
Catalysts, Additive and Solvents / 1.4.3: |
Advantages of the Direct Arylation Polycondensation / 1.4.4: |
Drawbacks of the Direct Arylation Polycondensation / 1.4.6: |
Examples of the Direct Arylation Polycondensation / 1.4.7: |
References |
New Polymer Donors for Polymer Solar Cells / Long Ye ; Sunsun Li ; Jianhui HouChapter 2: |
Design Requirements and Strategies for Highly Efficient Polymer Donors / 2.1: |
Design Requirements for Highly Efficient Polymer Donors / 2.2.1: |
Design Strategies for Highly Efficient Polymer Donors / 2.2.2: |
Novel D-A Copolymers for Polymer Solar Cells / 2.3: |
Design Considerations for D-A Polymer Donors / 2.3.1: |
D-A Copolymers Based on Thiophene Units / 2.3.2: |
D-A Copolymers Based on Bridged Biphenyl Derivatives / 2.3.3: |
D-A Copolymers Based on Bridged Bithiophene Derivatives / 2.3.4: |
D-A Copolymers Based on Benzodithiophene Analogues / 2.3.5: |
D-A Copolymers Based on Indacenodithiophene Analogues / 2.3.6: |
Novel Terpolymer Donors for Polymer Solar Cells / 2.4: |
Design Considerations for Terpolymer Donors / 2.4.1: |
Novel Terpolymers Based on One Donor Unit / 2.4.2: |
Novel Terpolymers Based on Two Donor Units / 2.4.3: |
Summary and Outlook / 2.5: |
Fullerene Derivatives as Electron Acceptors in Polymer Solar Cells / Yutaka MatsuoChapter 3: |
Design Concepts of Fullerene Acceptors / 3.1: |
PCBM / 3.2: |
Synthesis of PCBM / 3.2.1: |
Fundamental Properties of PCBMs / 3.2.2: |
PCBM Derivatives in Photovoltaic Applications / 3.2.3: |
[70]PCBM / 3.2.4: |
Mix-PCBM / 3.2.5: |
1,4-Di(organo)fullerene / 3.3: |
Silylmethylfullerene (SIMEF) / 3.3.1: |
1,4-Di(aryl)fullerene / 3.3.2: |
Diphenylmethanofullerene (DPM) / 3.4: |
Synthesis of Diphenylmethanofullerene / 3.4.1: |
Photovoltaic Application / 3.4.2: |
Fulleropyrrolidine / 3.5: |
Synthesis of Fulleropyrrolidine / 3.5.1: |
Photovoltaic Applications / 3.5.2: |
56π-Electron Conjugated Fullerene Derivatives / 3.6: |
Diels-Alder Reactions / 3.6.1: |
Indene-C60 Bis-Adducts (ICBA) and Related Compounds / 3.6.2: |
Dihydromethanofullerene / 3.7: |
Synthesis of Dihydromethanofullerene / 3.7.1: |
56π-Dihydromethanofullerene / 3.7.2: |
Summary / 3.8: |
Acknowledgements |
Polymer Acceptors for All-Polymer Solar Cells / He Yan ; Christopher R. McNeill ; Cheng MuChapter 4: |
Materials Aspects for All-Polymer Solar Cells / 4.1: |
All-PSCs Based on Large Bandgap (2-2.5 eV) Donor Polymers / 4.2.1: |
All-PSCs Based on Polythiophene Donor Polymers / 4.2.2: |
All-PSCs Based on Medium or Low Bandgap Polymers / 4.2.3: |
Morphology of Polymer: Polymer Blends / 4.3: |
Solution Deposition / 4.3.1: |
Molecular Weight / 4.3.2: |
Crystallinity / 4.3.3: |
Side Chains / 4.3.4: |
Mini-Summary / 4.3.5: |
Conclusions / 4.4: |
Design and Synthesis of Small Molecule Donors for High Efficiency Solution Processed Organic Solar Cells / Seth McAfee ; Gregory C. Welch ; Corey V. HovenChapter 5: |
Device Operation / 5.1: |
Small Molecule Donor Design / 5.3: |
Historical Perspective / 5.4: |
Dye Based Molecules (BODIPY, Squaraine, and Merocyanine) / 5.5: |
Dye Based Molecules - Diketopyrrolopyrrole / 5.6: |
Dye Based Molecules - Isoindigo / 5.7: |
Porphyrins / 5.8: |
Oligothiophenes (Donor-Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor-Donor) / 5.9: |
Oligothiophenes (Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor) / 5.10: |
Comments on Device Optimization / 5.11: |
Conclusions and Future Outlook / 5.12: |
Interface Engineering of Polymer Solar Cells / Kai Zhang ; Chunhui Duan ; Fei Huang ; Yong CaoChapter 6: |
Functions and Design Criteria of the Interfacial Layer / 6.1: |
Functions of Interfacial Materials / 6.2.1: |
Design Criteria for Interfacial Materials / 6.2.2: |
Interfacial Materials for Conventional Polymer Solar Cells / 6.3: |
Anode Contact / 6.3.1: |
Cathode Contact / 6.3.2: |
Interfacial Materials for Inverted Polymer Solar Cells / 6.4: |
Solution Processed Metal Oxides and Hybrid Metal Oxides as Efficient Carrier Transport Layers of Organic Optoelectronic Devices / Wallace C. H. Choy6.4.1: |
Solution-Processed Metal Oxides as Electron Transport Layer (ETL) / 7.1: |
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) / 7.2.1: |
Titanium Oxide (TiOx) / 7.2.2: |
CS2CO3 / 7.2.3: |
Other Metal Oxide Based ETLs / 7.2.4: |
Doped and Hybrid Metal Oxides for Enhanced Electron Transport of ETL / 7.3: |
Doped and Hybrid TiOx / 7.3.1: |
Doped and Hybrid ZnO / 7.3.2: |
Solution-Processed Metal Oxides Functioning as Hole Transport Layers (HTLs) / 7.4: |
Solution-Processed Molybdenum Oxide (MoOx) as HTLs / 7.4.1: |
Solution-Processed Vanadium Oxide (V2Ox)as HTL / 7.4.2: |
Solution-Processed Tungsten Oxide (WOx) as HTL / 7.4.3: |
Doped and Hybrid Metal Oxides as HTL / 7.4.4: |
Acknowledgments / 7.5: |
New Science and New Technology in Semiconducting Polymers / L. Kaake ; D. Moses ; C. Luo ; A. K. K. Kyaw ; L. A. Perez ; S. Patel ; M. Wang ; B. Grimm ; Y. Sun ; G. C. Bazan ; E.J. Kramer ; Alan J. HeegerChapter 8: |
Coherence and Uncertainty in Nanostructured Organic Photovoltaic Materials / 8.1: |
The Mechanism for Ultrafast Electron Transfer / 8.1.1: |
Ultrafast Experimental Results / 8.1.2: |
High Mobility Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs) Fabricated from Semiconducting Polymers / 8.2: |
Conclusion / 8.3: |
Morphology of Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells / Feng Liu ; Yao Liu ; Thomas P. RussellChapter 9: |
Characterization Methods / 9.1: |
Lateral Morphology Characterizations / 9.2.1: |
Vertical Morphology Characterizations / 9.2.2: |
Surface Morphology Characterization / 9.2.3: |
Crystalline Structure Characterization / 9.2.4: |
Important Morphology Observations / 9.3: |
PPV Polymers and Solvent Effect / 9.3.1: |
P3HT and Thermal Annealing / 9.3.2: |
PCPDTBT and Chemical Additives / 9.3.3: |
PTB7 and Hierarchical Structure / 9.3.4: |
Charge Generation, Recombination and Transport in Organic Solar Cells / Chengmei Zhong9.4: |
The Charge Generation Process in Organic Solar Cells / 10.1: |
The Exciton Theory of Charge Generation / 10.2.1: |
The CT State, Charge Generation and Gemmate Recombination / 10.2.2: |
The Ultrafast Charge Generation Theory / 10.2.3: |
Charge Recombination in Organic Solar Cells / 10.3: |
Charge Transport in Organic Solar Cells / 10.4: |
Multi-junction Polymer Solar Cells / Alice Furlan ; Rene A. J. Janssen10.5: |
Principles of Multi-Junction Polymer Solar Cells / 11.1: |
Early Developments / 11.1.2: |
Outline / 11.1.3: |
Optimization and Characterization of Multi-Junction Polymer Solar Cells / 11.2: |
Electrical and Optical Modeling / 11.2.1: |
Characterization of Tandem Cells / 11.2.2: |
Photoactive Layers / 11.3: |
Fullerenes / 11.3.1: |
Wide Bandgap Donors / 11.3.2: |
Small Bandgap Donors / 11.3.3: |
Recombination Layers / 11.4: |
Regular Configuration / 11.4.1: |
Inverted Configuration / 11.4.2: |
Loss-Less Contacts / 11.4.3: |
Advancing the Efficiency of Solution Processed Multi-Junction Cells / 11.5: |
Polymer Tandem Cells / 11.5.1: |
Small Molecule Tandem Cells / 11.5.2: |
Polymer Multi-Junction Cells / 11.5.3: |
Special Device Configurations / 11.6: |
Processing Issues for Multi-Junction Polymer Solar Cells / 11.7: |
Laboratory Scale Devices / 11.7.1: |
Large Area and Printed Multi-Junction Cells / 11.7.2: |
Semi-Transparent Polymer Solar Cells for Power Generating Window Applications / Hin-Lap Yip ; Alex K.-Y. Jen11.8: |
Optical Assessment / 12.1: |
Color Rendering Properties / 12.2.1: |
Optical Simulations / 12.2.2: |
Transparent Electrodes for ST-OPV / 12.3: |
Transparent Conductive Oxides / 12.3.1: |
Conducting Polymers / 12.3.2: |
Ultrathin Metal Films / 12.3.3: |
Metal Nanowires / 12.3.4: |
Low Bandgap Polymers / 12.4: |
Semitransparent Tandem Solar Cells / 12.5: |
Photonic Crystal-Enhanced ST-OPV / 12.6: |
Solution Processed Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) / Hongseok Youn ; L. Jay Guo12.7: |
Material Cost Issues in OPVs / 13.1: |
Fabrication Technologies Toward Low-Cost and Scalable OPVs / 13.3: |
Slot-Die Coating Process / 13.3.1: |
Inkjet Printing Process / 13.3.2: |
Traditional Roll-to-Roll Printing Process / 13.3.3: |
Materials for Functional Layers / 13.4: |
Flexible Substrates / 13.4.1: |
Silver Back Electrode / 13.4.2: |
Active Layer and Coating Issues / 13.4.3: |
Interfacial Layer (PEO, PEIE) / 13.4.4: |
Hole Transport Layer (HTL)/Electron Transport Layer (ETL) / 13.4.5: |
Issues in Scalable OPVs / 13.5: |
Effect of Device Size / 13.5.1: |
Isolation of Defects / 13.5.2: |
Subject Index / 13.6: |
New Chemistry for Organic Photovoltaic Materials / Cuihong Li ; Zhishan BoChapter 1: |
Introduction / 1.1: |
Stille Polycondensation / 1.2: |