Foreword |
Preface |
Whence Behavior? / Chapter 1: |
Toward Intelligent Robots / 1.1: |
Precursors / 1.2: |
Cybernetics / 1.2.1: |
Artificial Intelligence / 1.2.2: |
Robotics / 1.2.3: |
The Spectrum Of Robot Control / 1.3: |
Deliberative/Hierarchical Control / 1.3.1: |
Reactive Systems / 1.3.2: |
Related Issues / 1.4: |
What's Ahead / 1.5: |
Animal Behavior / Chapter 2: |
What Does Animal Behavior Offer Robotics? / 2.1: |
Neuroscientific Basis For Behavior / 2.2: |
Neural Circuity / 2.2.1: |
Brain Structure and Function / 2.2.2: |
Abstract Neuroscientific Models / 2.2.3: |
Schema-Theoretic Methods / 2.2.3.1: |
Neural Networks / 2.2.3.2: |
Psychological Basis For Behavior / 2.3: |
Ethological Basis For Behavior / 2.4: |
Representative Examples Of Bio-Robots / 2.5: |
Ant Chemotaxis / 2.5.1: |
Fly Vision / 2.5.2: |
Cockroach Locomotion / 2.5.3: |
Primate Brachiation / 2.5.4: |
Robotic Honeybee / 2.5.5: |
Chapter Summary / 2.6: |
Robot Behavior / Chapter 3: |
What Are Robotic Behaviors? / 3.1: |
A Navigational Example / 3.1.1: |
Basis for Robotic Behavior / 3.1.3: |
Expression Of Behaviors / 3.2: |
Stimulus-Response Diagrams / 3.2.1: |
Functional Notation / 3.2.2: |
Finite State Acceptor Diagrams / 3.2.3: |
Formal Methods / 3.2.4: |
RS / 3.2.4.1: |
Situated Automata / 3.2.4.2: |
Behavioral Encoding / 3.3: |
Discrete Encoding / 3.3.1: |
Continuous Functional Encoding / 3.3.2: |
Assembling Behaviors / 3.4: |
Emergent Behavior / 3.4.1: |
Notation / 3.4.2: |
Behavioral Coordination / 3.4.3: |
Competitive Methods / 3.4.3.1: |
Cooperative Methods / 3.4.3.2: |
Behavioral Assemblages / 3.4.4: |
Behavior-Based Architectures / 3.5: |
What Is A Robotic Architecture? / 4.1: |
Definitions / 4.1.1: |
Computability / 4.1.2: |
Evaluation Criteria / 4.1.3: |
Organizing Principles / 4.1.4: |
A Foraging Example / 4.2: |
Subsumption Architecture / 4.3: |
Behaviors in Subsumption / 4.3.1: |
Coordination in Subsumption / 4.3.2: |
Design in Subsumption-Based Reactive Systems / 4.3.3: |
Foraging Example / 4.3.4: |
Evaluation / 4.3.5: |
Subsumption Robots / 4.3.6: |
Motor Schemas / 4.4: |
Schema-Based Behaviors / 4.4.1: |
Schema-Based Coordination / 4.4.2: |
Design in Motor Schema-Based Systems / 4.4.3: |
Schema-Based Robots / 4.4.4: |
Other Architectures / 4.5: |
Circuit Architecture / 4.5.1: |
Colony Architecture / 4.5.3: |
Animate Agent Architecture / 4.5.4: |
DAMN / 4.5.5: |
Skill Network Architecture / 4.5.6: |
Other Efforts / 4.5.7: |
Architectural Design Issues / 4.6: |
Representational Issues for Behavioral Systems / 4.7: |
Representational Knowledge / 5.1: |
What Is Knowledge? / 5.1.1: |
Characteristics of Knowledge / 5.1.2: |
Representational Knowledge For Behavior-Based Systems / 5.2: |
Short-Term Behavioral Memory / 5.2.1: |
Long-Term Memory Maps / 5.2.2: |
Sensor-Derived Cognitive Maps / 5.2.2.1: |
A Priori Map-Derived Representations / 5.2.2.2: |
Perceptual Representations / 5.3: |
Hybrid Deliberative/Reactive Architectures / 5.4: |
Why Hybridize? / 6.1: |
Biological Evidence In Support Of Hybrid Systems / 6.2: |
Traditional Deliberative Planners / 6.3: |
Deliberation: To Plan Or Not To Plan? / 6.4: |
Layering / 6.5: |
Representative Hybrid Architectures / 6.6: |
AuRa / 6.6.1: |
Atlantis / 6.6.2: |
Planner-Reactor Architecture / 6.6.3: |
The Procedural Reasoning System / 6.6.4: |
Other Hybrid Architectures / 6.6.5: |
Perceptual Basis for Behavior-Based Control / 6.7: |
A Break From Tradition / 7.1: |
What Does Biology Say? / 7.2: |
The Nature of Perceptual Stimuli / 7.2.1: |
Neuroscientific Evidence / 7.2.2: |
Psychological Insights / 7.2.3: |
Affordances / 7.2.3.1: |
A Modified Action-Perception Cycle / 7.2.3.2: |
Perception as Communication-An Ethological Stance / 7.2.4: |
A Brief Survey Of Robotic Sensors / 7.3: |
Dead Reckoning / 7.3.1: |
Ultrasound / 7.3.2: |
Computer Vision / 7.3.3: |
Laser Scanners / 7.3.4: |
Modular Perception / 7.4: |
Perceptual Schemas / 7.4.1: |
Visual Routines / 7.4.2: |
Perceptual Classes / 7.4.3: |
Lightweight Vision / 7.4.4: |
Action And Perception / 7.5: |
Action-Oriented Perception / 7.5.1: |
Active Perception / 7.5.2: |
The Role of Attention in Human Visual Processing / 7.5.5.1: |
Hardware Methods for Focus of Attention / 7.5.5.2: |
Knowledge-Based Focus-of-Attention Methods / 7.5.5.3: |
Perceptual Sequencing / 7.5.6: |
Sensor Fusion for Behavior-Based Systems / 7.5.7: |
Representative Examples Of Behavior-Based Perception / 7.6: |
Road Following / 7.6.1: |
Visual Tracking / 7.6.2: |
Adaptive Behavior / 7.7: |
Why Should Robots Learn? / 8.1: |
Opportunities For Learning In Behavior-Based Robotics / 8.2: |
Reinforcement Learning / 8.3: |
Learning to Walk / 8.3.1: |
The Learning Algorithm / 8.3.1.1: |
Robotic Results / 8.3.1.2: |
Learning to Push / 8.3.2: |
Learning to Shoot / 8.3.2.1: |
Learning In Neural Networks / 8.3.3.1: |
Classical Conditioning / 8.4.1: |
Adaptive Heuristic Critic Learning / 8.4.2: |
Learning New Behaviors Using an Associative Memory / 8.4.3: |
Genetic Algorithms / 8.5: |
What Are Genetic Algorithms? / 8.5.1: |
Genetic Algorithms for Learning Behavioral Control / 8.5.2: |
Classifier Systems / 8.5.3: |
On-Line Evolution / 8.5.4: |
Evolving Form Concurrently with Control / 8.5.5: |
Hybrid Genetic/Neural Learning and Control / 8.5.6: |
Fuzzy Behavioral Control / 8.6: |
What Is Fuzzy Control? / 8.6.1: |
Fuzzy Behavior-Based Robotic Systems / 8.6.2: |
Flakey / 8.6.2.1: |
Marge / 8.6.2.2: |
Learning Fuzzy Rules / 8.6.3: |
Other Types Of Learning / 8.7: |
Case-Based Learning / 8.7.1: |
Memory-based Learning / 8.7.2: |
Explanation-Based Learning / 8.7.3: |
Social Behavior / 8.8: |
Are Two (Or N) Robots Better Than One? / 9.1: |
Ethological Considerations / 9.2: |
Characterization Of Social Behavior / 9.3: |
Reliability / 9.3.1: |
Social Organization / 9.3.2: |
Communication / 9.3.3: |
Spatial Distribution / 9.3.4: |
Congregation / 9.3.5: |
Performance / 9.3.6: |
What Makes A Robotic Team? / 9.4: |
Social Organization And Structure / 9.5: |
The Nerd Herd / 9.5.1: |
Alliance Architecture / 9.5.2: |
Stagnation Behaviors / 9.5.3: |
Societal Agents / 9.5.4: |
Army Ant Project / 9.5.5: |
Interrobot Communication / 9.6: |
The Need for Communication / 9.6.1: |
Communication Range / 9.6.2: |
Communication Content / 9.6.3: |
Guaranteeing Communication / 9.6.4: |
Distributed Perception / 9.7: |
Social Learning / 9.8: |
L-Alliance / 9.8.1: |
Tropism System Cognitive Architecture / 9.8.3: |
Learning by Imitation / 9.8.4: |
Case Study: Ugv Demo II / 9.9: |
Formation Behaviors / 9.9.1: |
Multiagent Mission Specification / 9.9.2: |
Team Teleautonomy / 9.9.3: |
Fringe Robotics: Beyond Behavior / 9.10: |
Issues Of The Robot Mind / 10.1: |
On Computational Thought / 10.1.1: |
On Consciousness / 10.1.2: |
On Emotions / 10.1.3: |
On Imagination / 10.1.4: |
Issues Of The Robot Body / 10.2: |
Hormones and Homeostasis / 10.2.1: |
The Homeostat / 10.2.1.1: |
Subsumption-Based Hormonal Control / 10.2.1.3: |
Immune Systems / 10.2.2: |
Nanotechnology / 10.2.3: |
On Equivalence (Or Better) / 10.3: |
Opportunities / 10.4: |
References / 10.5: |
Name Index |
Subject Index |
Foreword |
Preface |
Whence Behavior? / Chapter 1: |