Generation, Detection, and Characterization of Oxygen Radicals in Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Intermediate States of Reduction / C. von Sonntag ; H.-P. Schuchmann
Pulse Radiolysis / M. Saran ; W. Bors
Pulse Radiolysis for Investigation of Nitric Oxide-Related Reactions / M. D'Aquino ; C. Bullion ; M. Chopra ; D. Devi ; S. Devi ; C. Dunster ; G. James ; E. Komuro ; E. Niki ; F. Raza ; F. Robertson ; J. Sharma ; R. Willson
Sulfhydryl Free Radical Formation by Sonolysis, by Radiolysis, and Thermally: Vitamin A, Curcumin, Muconic Acid, and Related Conjugated Olefins and References
Suppression of Hydroxyl Radical Reactions in Biological Systems: Considerations Based on Competition Kinetics / O.I Aruoma
Deoxyribose Assay for Detecting Hydroxyl Radicals / H. Kaur ; B. Halliwell
Detection of Hydroxyl Radicals by Aromatic Hydroxylation / P.J. Evans
Measurement of Iron and Copper in Biological Systems: Blemycin and Copper-Phenanthroline Assays / L.M. Weiner
Oxygen Radicals Generation and DNA Scission by Anticancer and Synthetic Quinones / G.M. Rosen ; S. Pou ; B.E. Britigan ; M.S. Cohen
Spin Trapping of Hydroxyl Radicals in Biological Systems / R.P. Mason ; K.T. Knecht
In Vivo Detection of Radical Adducts by Electron Spin Resonance / E. Albano ; A. Tomasi ; M. Ingelman-Sundberg
Spin Trapping of Alcohol-Derived Radicals in Microsomes and Reconstituted Systemsby Electron Spin Resonance / M. Tsuchiya ; M. Suematsu ; H. Suzuki
In Vivo Visualization of Oxygen Radical-Dependent Photoemission / J. Fuchs ; N. Groth ; T. Herrling ; L. Packer
In Vivo Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging of Skin / A. Mori ; X. Wang ; J. Liu
Electron Spin Resonance Assay of Ascorbate-Free Radicals in Vivo / N. Gotoh
Measurement of Superoxide Reaction by Chemiluminescence
Isolation, Characterization, and Assay of Enzymes or Substances Involved in Formation or Removal of Oxygen Radicals / J.D. Morrow ; L.J. Roberts, II
Mass Spectrometry of Prostanoids: F2-Isoprostances Produced by NonCyclooxygenase Free Radical-Catalyzed Mechanism / R. Cueto ; G.L. Squadrito ; W.A. Pryor
Quantifying Aldehydes and Distinguishing Aldehydic Product Profiles from Autooxidation and Ozonation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids / S.P. Wolff
Ferrous Ion Oxidation in Presence of Ferric Ion Indicator Xylenol Orange for Measurement of Hydroperoxides / C. Giulivi ; E. Cadenas
Ferrylmyoglobin Formation: Chemical Reactivity Toward Electron-Donating Compounds / A. Roveri ; M. Maiorino ; F. Ursini
Enzymatic and Immunological Measurements of Soluable and Membrane-Bound Phospholipid-Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase / M. Inoue
Targeting Superoxide Dismutase by Gene and Protein Engineering / O.T.G. Jones ; J.T.Hancock
Assays of Plasma and Membrane NADPH Oxidase / J.S. Beckman ; J. Chen ; H. Ischiropoulos ; J.P. Crow
Oxidative Chemistry of Peroxynitrite / M.E. Murphy ; E. Noack
Nitric-Oxide Synthase Assays / U. Firstermann ; J.S. Pollock ; W.R. Tracey ; M. Nakane
Isoforms of Nitric-Oxide Synthase: Purification and Regulation / C.J. Lowenstein ; S.H Snyder
Purification, Cloning, and Expression of Nitric-Oxide Synthase
Methods for Assessing Molecular, C
Generation, Detection, and Characterization of Oxygen Radicals in Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Intermediate States of Reduction / C. von Sonntag ; H.-P. Schuchmann
Pulse Radiolysis / M. Saran ; W. Bors
Pulse Radiolysis for Investigation of Nitric Oxide-Related Reactions / M. D'Aquino ; C. Bullion ; M. Chopra ; D. Devi ; S. Devi ; C. Dunster ; G. James ; E. Komuro ; E. Niki ; F. Raza ; F. Robertson ; J. Sharma ; R. Willson
Thiol/Disulfide Exchange Equilibria and Disulfide Bond Stability
Thiyl Radicals / P. Wardman ; C. von Sonntag
Kinetic Factors That Control the Fate of Thiyl Radicals in Cells / C. Schineich
Kinetics of Thiol Reactions / S.A. Everett
Perthiols as Antioxidants: Radical-Scavenging and Pro-oxidative Mechanisms / S.C. Kundu ; R.L. Willson
Thiyl (Sulfhydryl/Thiol) Free Radical Reactions, Vitamins, Beta-Carotene, and Superoxide Dismutase in Oxidative Stress
Design and Interpretation of Enzymatic Studies / C.C. Winterbourn ; D. Metodiewa
Reaction of Superoxide with Glutathione and Other Thiols / L.M. Weiner
Quantitative Determination of Thiol Groups in Low and High Molecular Weight Compounds by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance / E. Cadenas
Thiyl Radical Formation during Thiol Oxidation by Ferrylmyoglobin / R. Munday
In Vivo Toxicity of Thiols: Relationship to Rate of One-Electron Oxidation by Oxyhemoglobin
Chemical Basis of Thiol/Disulfide Measurements / N.S. Kosower ; E.M. Kosower
Diamide: An Oxidant Probe for Thiols
Bromobimane Probes for Thiols / G.L. Newton ; R.C. Fahey
Determination of Biothiols by Bromobimane Labeling and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography / R. Singh ; G.V. Lamoureux ; W.J. Lees ; G.M. Whitesides
Reagents for Rapid Reduction of Disulfide Bonds / K. Becker ; R.H. Schirmer
1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea as Thiol-Carbamoylating Agent in Biological Systems
Monothiols: Measurement in Organs, Cells, Organelles, and Body Fluids / H. Nohl ; K. Stolze
Noninvasive Measurement of Thiol Levels in Cells and Isolated Organs / J.A. Cook ; J.B. Mitchell
Measurement of Thiols in Cell Populations from Tumor and Normal Tissue / C. Hwang ; H.F. Lodish ; A.J. Sinskey
Measurement of Glutathione Redox State in Cytosol and Secretory Pathway of Cultured Cells / T.Y. Aw
Assay of Thiols and Disulfides in Intestinal Lymph / W.A. Blattler ; A.R. Collinson
Assay for Thiols Based on Reactivation of Papain / J. Vita ; J. Sastre ; M. Asensi ; L. Packer
Assay of Blood Glutathione Oxidation during Physical Exercise / P. Reinemer ; H.W. Dirr ; R. Huber
X-Ray Structure Methods for Glutathione Binding / W. Drige ; R. Kinscherf ; S. Mihm ; D. Galter ; S. Roth ; H. Gmander ; T. Fischbach ; M. Bockstette
Thiols and the Immune System: Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on T Cell System in Human Subjects / R. Olivier
Flow Cytometry Technique for Assessing Effects of N-Acetylcysteine on Apoptosis and Cell Viability of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Lymphocytes / C. Gitler ; M. Londner
Use of p-Nitrophenyl Disulfide to Measure Reductive Capacity of Intact Cells / R.L. Krauth-Siegel ; E.M. Jacoby
Trypanothione and N 1 -Glutathionylspermidine: Isolation and Determination / D.M. Ziegler ; L.L. Poulsen
Estimation of Tissue Cysteamine by Quantitative Thin-Layer Chromatography
Dithiols: Alpha-Lipoic Acid / G.P. Biewenga ; A. Bast
Reaction of Lipoic Acid with Ebselen and Hypochlorous Acid / D. Han ; G.J. Handelman
An
Overview / A. Meister
Glutathione Metabolism / H.F. Gilbert
Thiol/Disulfide Exchange Equilibria and Disulfide Bond Stability
Glutathione: Distribution, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, and Transport / D.P. Jones
Glutathione Distribution in Natural Products: Absorption and Tissue Distribution / L.H. Lash
Intracellular Distribution of Thiols and Disulfides: Assay of Mitochondrial Glutathione Transport / A. Meister
Glutathione Biosynthesis and Its Inhibition / W.W. Wells ; D.P. Xu ; M.P. Washburn
Glutathione: Dehydroascorbate Oxidoreductases / F. Ursini ; M. Maiorino ; R. Brigelius-Floheacute; ; K.D. Aumann ; A. Roveri ; D. Schomburg ; L. Floheacute;
Diversity of Glutathione Peroxidases / D.J. Meyer ; B. Ketterer
Purification of Soluble Human Glutathione S-Transferases / H.J. Forman ; M.M. Shi ; T. Iwamoto ; R.-M. Liu ; T.W. Robinson
Measurement of g-Glutamyl Transpeptidase and g-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase Activities in Cells / T. Kondo ; G.L. Dale ; E. Beutler
Thiol Transport from Human Red Blood Cells / J.A. Fuchs
Glutathione Mutants / D.J. Reed
Cystathionine / T. Meier ; R.D. Issels
Promotion of Cyst(e)ine Uptake
Signal Transduction and Gene Regulation / T.P. Holler ; P.B. Hopkins
Ovothiols / S.R. Hubbard
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Studies of Protein Kinase / C. R. Gopalakrishna ; Z.H. Chen ; U. Gundimeda
Modificiations of Cysteine-Rich Regions in Protein Kinase C Induced by Oxidant Tumor Promoters and Enzyme-Specific Inhibitors / F.J. Romero ; J. Romaacute;
Glutathione and Protein Kinase C in Peripheral Nervous Tissues / A.F.G. Quest ; E.S.G. Bardes ; W.Q. Xie ; E. Willott ; R.A. Borchardt ; R.M. Bell
Expression of Protein Kinase Cg Regulatory Domain Elements Containing Cysteine-Rich Zinc-Coordinating Regions as Glutathione S-Transferase Fusion Proteins / F.J.T. Staal ; M.T. Anderson ; L.A. Herzenberg
Redox Regulation of Activation of NF-kB Transcription Factor Complex: Effects of N-Acetycysteine / Y.J. Suzuki ; L. Packer
Redox Regulation of DNA-Protein Interaction by Biothiols / M. Mizuno
Suppression of Protooncogene C-fos Expression by Antioxidant Dihydrolipoic Acid / M.S. Patel ; N.N. Vettakkoruma-Kankav ; T.-C. Liu
Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase: Activity Assays
Thioredoxin and Glutaredoxin / A. Holmgren ; M. Bjouml;rnstedt ; S. Kumar
Selenite and Selenodiglutathione: Reactions with Thioredoxin Systems / R.S. Hutchison ; D.R. Ort
Measurement of Equilibrium Midpoint Potentials of Thiol/Disulfide Regulatory Groups on Thioredoxin-Activated Chloroplast Enzymes / J.H. Wong ; K. Kobrehel ; B.B. Buchanan
Thioredoxin and Seed Proteins / J.-P. Jacquot ; E. Issakidis ; P. Decottignies ; M. Lemaire ; M.-M. Myroslawa
Analysis and Manipulation of Target Enzymes for Thioredoxin Control / K. Schulze-Osthoff ; H. Schenk ; W. Drouml;ge
Effects of Thioredoxin on Activation Transcription Factor NF-KB / M. Russel
Thioredoxin Genetics / P. Schuuml;rmann
Ferredoxin: Thioredoxin System / F. Aring;slund
Flutaredoxin / H.J. Dyson
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Thioredoxin and Glutaredoxin
Mimics of Biological Thiols and Thiol Inhibitors / R.S. Glass ; T.C. Stadtman
Selenophosphate / M.-O. Christen
Anethole Dithiolethione: Biochemical Conside
Glutathione: Distribution, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, and Transport / D.P. Jones
Glutathione Distribution in Natural Products: Absorption and Tissue Distribution / L.H. Lash
Intracellular Distribution of Thiols and Disulfides: Assay of Mitochondrial Glutathione Transport / A. Meister
Analysis of Visual Cycle by Short-Term Incubation of Isolated Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells / G.J. Giudice ; E. Fuchs
Vitamin A-Mediated Regulation of Keratinocyte Differentiation / M. Ponec ; A. Weerheim
Retinoids and Lipid changes in the Keratinocytes / A.M. Jetten ; M.A. George ; J.I. Rearick
Down-Regulation of Squamous Cell-Specific Markers by Retinoids: Transglutaminase Type I and Cholesterol Sulfotransferase / H.F.J. Hendriks ; A. Brouwer ; D.L. Knook
Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Liver Cell Types / R. Blomhoff ; T. Berg
Isolation and Cultivation of Hepatic Stellate Cells / A.F. Karl ; M.D. Griswold
Sertoli Cells of the Testis: Preparation of Cell Cultures and Effects of Retinoids / L.M. Milstone
Measurement of Retinoid Effects on Epidermal Renewal / L.M. De Luca ; S. Adamo ; S. Kato
Retinoids and Cell Adhesion / D.R. Roop ; F.L. Huang
Cell Lines / R. Lotan ; D. Lotan ; P.G. Sacks
Inhibition of Tumor Cell Growth by Retinoids / A.L. Darrow ; R.J. Rickles ; S. Strickland
Maintenance and Use of F9 Teratocarcinoma Cells / T.R. Breitman
Studies of Growth and Differentiation of the Human Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line HL60 / L.J. Gudas
Assays for Expression of Genes Regulated by Retinoic Acid in Murine Teratocarcinoma Cell Lines / S.-L. Fong ; C.D.B. Bridges
Analysis of Role of Retinoid-Binding Proteins in Embryonal Carcinoma Cells
Tissues and Organ Culture / J.C. Saari ; D.L. Bredberg
Acyl CoA: Retinol Acyl Transferase and Lecithin: Retinol Acyl Transferase Activities in Bovine Retinal Pigment Epithelial Microsomes / A. Vahlquist ; H. Torma ; O. Rollman ; E. Andersson
Determination of Natural and Synthetic Retinoids in Human Skin Samples by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography / C.E. Brinckerhoff
Retinoids Modulate Extracellular Matrix by Controlling Expression of Collagenase
Rheumatoid Arthritis as Model Retinoids as Morphogens and Teratology / D.L. Stocum ; M. Maden
Regenerating Limbs / S.E. Wedden ; C. Thaller ; G. Eichele
Targeted Slow Release of Retinoids into Chick Embryos
Biosynthesis of 3,4-Didehydroretinol and Fatty Acyl Esters of Retinol and 3,4-Didehydroretinol by organ Cultured Human Skin
Cell Synopsis / B. Amos
Retinoid Sensitive Cells and Cell Lines
Nutrition, Tissue and Immune Status, and Antioxidant Action: Nutrition / J.E. Smith
Preparation of Vitamin A-Deficient Rats and Mice / K.L. Simpson
Use of Food Composition Tables for Retinol and Provitamin A Carotenoid Content
Tissue and Immune Status / B.A. Underwood
Assessing Vitamin A Status in Human Populations / D.A. Faherty ; A. Bendich
Characterization of Immunomodulatory Activity of Retinoids / K.M. Nauss ; A.C. Ross ; S.S. Twining
Immunotrophic Methodology
Antioxidant Action / M. Hiramatsu ; L. Packer
Antioxidant Activity of Retinoids / V.M. Samokyszyn ; L.J. Marnett
Inhibition of Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation by 13-cis-Retinoic Acid
Cell Differentiation
Normal Cells / A.M. Timmers ; W.J. De Grip
Analysis of Visual Cycle by Short-Term Incubation of Isolated Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells / G.J. Giudice ; E. Fuchs
Structural Characteristics of Natural and Synthetic Retinoids / M.I. Dawson ; P.D. Hobbs
Synthetic Retinoic Acid Analogs: Handling and Characterization / B.P. Sani ; D.L. Hill
Structural Characteristics of Synthetic Retinoids / A.P. De Leenheer ; H.J. Nelis
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Retinoids in Blood / C.D.B. Bridges
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Retinoid Isomers / A.C. Ross
Separation of Fatty Acid Esters of Retinol by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography / H.C. Furr
Analysis of Retinyl Esters (Vitamin A Esters) by Reversed- Phase High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography / A.J. Clifford ; A.D. Jones
Stable Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry to Assess Vitamin A Status / W.E. Lambert
Mass Spectrometry: Methyl Ester of Retinoic Acid (Methyl**Retinoate) / G.S. Shaw ; R.F. Childs
Characterization of Retinylidend Iminium Salts by High-Field 1H and 13C NMR Spectroscopy / F. Seibert
Application of Resonance Raman and Infared Difference Spectroscopy to the Study of Retinal Proteins / A.B. Barua
Analysis of Water-Soluble Compounds: Glucuronides / R. Wyss
Determination of Retinoids in Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Automated Column Switching / L.A. Kaplan ; J.A. Miller ; E.A. Stein ; M.J. Stampfer
Simultaneous, High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis for Analysis of Retinol, Tocopherols, Tycophene, and
Structure and Analysis: Structure / M. Klaus
Structural Characteristics of Natural and Synthetic Retinoids / M.I. Dawson ; P.D. Hobbs
Synthetic Retinoic Acid Analogs: Handling and Characterization / B.P. Sani ; D.L. Hill
Early Concepts, Misconceptions, Unsettled Battles, and Persistent Confusion / 2：
The Discovery of "Natural" Free Radicals / 3：
Love Affairs Between Hydroperoxides and Thiolates or Selenolates / 4：
Toward Regulatory Circuits with Puzzle Stones from Redox Biochemistry / 5：
Conclusions and Perspectives / 6：
References
Mass Spectrometry-Based Methods for the Determination of Sulfur and Related Metabolite Concentrations in Cell Extracts / Emmanuel Godat ; Geoffrey Madalinski ; Ludovic Muller ; Jean-François Heilier ; Jean Labarre ; Christophe Junot
Analytical Methods for the Determination of Sulfur and Amino Acid Metabolites
Procedures
Absolute LC-ESI-MS/MS Quantification of Thiol and Amino Acid Metabolites in Yeast Extracts
Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Thiol and Amino Acid Metabolites in Yeast Extracts by Using an LTQ-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer
Discussion
Summary / 7：
Acknowledgments
Use of Dimedone-Based Chemical Probes for Sulfenic Acid Detection: Evaluation of Conditions Affecting Probe Incorporation into Redox-Sensitive Proteins / Chananat Klomsiri ; Kimberly J. Nelson ; Erika Bechtold ; Laura Soito ; Lynnette C. Johnson ; W. Todd Lowther ; Seong-Eon Ryu ; S. Bruce King ; Cristina M. Furdui ; Leslie B. Poole
Materials
Methods
Use of Dimedone-Based Chemical Probes for Sulfenic Acid Detection: Methods to Visualize and Identify Labeled Proteins / Simona G. Codreanu ; Daniel C. Liebler ; LeAnn C. Rogers ; Larry W. Daniel
Biotin-Based Affinity Capture to Identify Proteins Containing Cysteine Sulfenic Acids
Detection Methods to Identify Oxidized Proteins and Cysteines
Formation and Reactions of Sulfenic Acid in Human Serum Albumin / Beatriz Alvarez ; Sebastián Carballal ; LucÃa Turell ; Rafael Radi
Preparation of Albumin Solutions
Preparation of Oxidized Albumin
Detection of Albumin Sulfenic Acid
Quantification of Albumin Sulfenic Acid Using Thionitrobenzoate (TNB)
Reactivity of Sulfenic Acid
Detection of Albumin Sulfinic Acid
Conclusions / 8：
Determination of GSH, GSSG, and GSNO Using HPLC with Electrochemical Detection / Li-Peng Yap ; Harsh Sancheti ; Maria D. Ybanez ; Jerome Garcia ; Enrique Cadenas ; Derick Han
Measurement of Mixed Disulfides Including Glutathionylated Proteins / Raffaella Priora ; Lucia Coppo ; Sonia Salzano ; Paolo Di Simplicio ; Pietro Ghezzi
Measurement and Identification of S-Glutathiolated Proteins / Bradford G. Hill ; Kota V. Ramana ; Jian Cai ; Aruni Bhatnagar ; Satish K. Srivastava9：
Chemical Methods for the Measurement of Glutathiolated Proteins
Detection of Glutathiolated Proteins by ESI/MS
Identification of S-Glutathiolated Proteins in Cells and Tissues
Acknowledgment
Proteome Screens for Cys Residues Oxidation: The Redoxome / Giovanni Chiappetta ; Sega Ndiaye ; Aeid lgbaria ; Chitranshu Kumar ; Joelle Vinh ; Michel B. Toledano10：
General Considerations
Overview of the Different Methods
Results and Discussion
Identification by MS/MS of Disulfides Produced by a Functional Redox Transition / Pierluigi Mauri ; Stefano Toppo ; Antonella De Palma ; Louise Benazzi ; Matilde Maiorino ; Fulvio Ursini11：
MS/MS Identification of Redox-Switches in Protein
Analytical Procedure
Mass Spectrometry Approaches for the Redox Characterization of Protein Cysteine Residues: The Case of the Transcription Factor Pax-8 / Andrea Scaloni ; Gianluca Tell12：
Materials and Methods
Conclusions and Future Perspectives
A Simple Method to Systematically Study Oxidatively Modified Proteins in Biological Samples and Its Applications / Byoung-Joon Song ; Soo-Kyung Suh ; Kwan-Hoon Moon13：
Direct and Indirect Detection Methods for the Analysis of S-Nitrosylated Peptides and Proteins / Federico Torta ; Lisa Elviri ; Angela Bachi14：
Indirect Detection of S-Nitrosylated Proteins: His-tag Switch
Direct Analysis of S-Nitrosylation by MS
A Rapid Approach for the Detection, Quantification, and Discovery of Novel Sulfenic Acid or S-Nitrosothiol Modified Proteins Using a Biotin-Switch Method / Joseph R. Burgoyne ; Philip Eaton15：
Overview of Analytical Strategy
Protein Adducts of Aldehydic Lipid Peroxidation Products: Identification and Characterization of Protein Adducts Using an Aldehyde/Keto-Reactive Probe in Combination with Mass Spectrometry / Claudia S. Maier ; Juan Chavez ; Jing Wang ; Jianyong Wu16：
Modification of Proteins by Aldehydic Lipid Peroxidation Products
Redox Proteomics of Protein Targets of Reactive Lipid Peroxidation Products
Mass Spectrometry-Based Approaches for the Identification and Characterization of Protein Adducts of Aldehydic Lipid Peroxidation Products
Experimental Strategy of Using an Aldehyde/Keto-Reactive Probe for the Targeted Analysis of Protein Adducts of Aldehydic Lipid Peroxidation Products
Applications of the ARP-Labeling Strategy
Interpretation of MS/MS Spectra of Protein Adducts and the Use of Diagnostic Marker Ions
Engineering of Fluorescent Reporters into Redox Domains to Monitor Electron Transfers / Derek Parsonage ; Stacy A. Reeves ; P. Andrew Karplus ; Leslie B. Poole1：
Introduction
The Problem: Low Sensitivity and Improperly Rate-Limited Assays for Redox Functions of Bacterial Peroxiredoxin Systems / 2：
The Solution: Engineering of Fluorescent Redox Reporters into the N-Terminal Domain of AhpF and E. coli Grx1 / 3：
Engineering of Disulfide-Containing Electron Acceptor Domains to Detect Electron Transfers via Fluorescence Changes; Linkage of Fluorescein to Bacterial AhpC via a Reducible Disulfide Bond / 4：
Materials / 5：
Methods / 6：
Summary / 7：
References
Blot-Based Detection of Dehydroalanine-Containing Glutathione Peroxidase with the Use of Biotin-Conjugated Cysteamine / Sue Goo Rhee ; Chun-Seok Cho
Oxidative Inactivation of Glutathione Peroxidase and the Conversion of Its Active Site Sec to DHA
Preparation of Biotin-Conjugated Cysteamine
Blot-Based Detection of DHA-GPx1 in RBCs
Effects of Oxidative Stress on the Formation of DHA-GPx1 in RBCs
Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgment
Analysis of the Redox Regulation of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Superfamily Members Utilizing a Cysteinyl-Labeling Assay / Benoit Boivin ; Nicholas K. Tonks
Active-Site Structure, Catalysis, and Oxidation
Detection Methods
General Principle of the Assay
Solutions
Preparation of the Lysis Buffer
Preparation of the Hypoxic Glove Box
Preparation of Cell Lysates / 8：
Cysteinyl-Labeling Assay / 9：
Acute Stimulus-Induced Reversible Oxidation of PTPs / 10：
Perspectives / 11：
Conclusion / 12：
Measuring the Redox State of Cellular Peroxiredoxins by Immunoblotting / Andrew G. Cox ; Christine C. Winterbourn ; Mark B. Hampton
Measurement of Prx Dimerization
Measurement of Prx Hyperoxidation
Discussion
Acknowledgments
Thiol Redox Transitions by Thioredoxin and Thioredoxin-Binding Protein-2 in Cell Signaling / Eiji Yoshihara ; Zhe Chen ; Yoshiyuki Matsuo ; Hiroshi Masutani ; Junji Yodoi
Functional Regulation of Redox-Sensitive Proteins by Thiol Modification
Thiol Reduction by the Thioredoxin Redox System
Thioredoxin Superfamily
Reversible Redox and Signal Regulation by Thioredoxin and Thioredoxin-binding Protein-2 (TBP-2)
Detection of Protein Thiols in Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Complexes and Associated Proteins / Kelly K. Andringa ; Shannon M. Bailey
Mitochondria Isolation and Protein Thiol Labeling
Application of Blue Native-PAGE for the Isolation of Oxidative Phosphorylation Protein Subunits and Other Proteins Associated with the Complexes
Detection of IBTP-Labeled Protein Thiols in Protein Complexes
Analysis and Mass Spectrometry Identification of Protein
Other Considerations
Mitochondrial Thioredoxin Reductase: Purification, Inhibitor Studies, and Role in Cell Signaling / Maria Pia Rigobello ; Alberto Bindoli
Purification of Thioredoxin Reductase from Isolated Mitochondria, Cultured Cells, and Whole Organs
Estimation of Thioredoxin Reductase Activity
Inhibitor Studies of Thioredoxin Reductase
Role in Cell Signaling
Measuring Mitochondrial Protein Thiol Redox State / Raquel Requejo ; Edward T. Chouchani ; Thomas R. Hurd ; Katja E. Menger ; Michael P. Murphy
Quantification of Mitochondrial Protein Thiols
Quantification of Glutathionylation of Mitochondrial Proteins
Assessment of S-Nitrosated Protein Thiols
Measurement of the Thioredoxin and Peroxiredoxin Redox States
Conclusions
Measurement of Extracellular (Exofacial) Versus Intracellular Protein Thiols / Jolanta Skalska ; Steven Bernstein ; Paul Brookes
Measurement of Mitochondrial Thiol Status
Measurement of Cytosolic Thiol Status
Measurement of Exofacial Thiols
Exofacial Thiol Status and Cancer
Redox Clamp Model for Study of Extracellular Thiols and Disulfides in Redox Signaling / Young-Mi Go ; Dean P. Jones
Key Concepts for Use
Principles for Experimental Design
Summary of Available Redox Clamp Studies
Perspectives and Conclusion
Redox State of Human Serum Albumin in Terms of Cysteine-34 in Health and Disease / Karl Oettl ; Gunther Marsche
Background
HPLC Analysis
Albumin Thiol State and Exercise
Influence of Supplementation
Albumin Oxidation in Disease
Albumin Thiol State During Aging
Methods for Studying Redox Cycling of Thioredoxin in Mediating Preconditioning-Induced Survival Genes and Proteins / Chuang C. Chiueh
Hormetic Mechanism: Role of Redox Cycling of Thioredoxin
Redox Functioning of Thioredoxin
Implications of Preconditioning Protection from Preclinical and Clinical Studies
Drugs Mimic Thioredoxin-Medicated Preconditioning-Induced Signaling and Protection in Cells
Methods and Materials
Oxidative Stress, Thiol Redox Signaling Methods in Epigenetics / Isaac K. Sundar ; Samuel Caito ; Hongwei Yao ; Irfan Rahman13：
Histone Acetylation by Immunoblotting
HAT Activity Assay
HDAC Activity Assay
HDACs Levels by Immunoblotting
Posttranslational Modifications of HDACs and SIRTs (Sirtuins 1-7) by Immunoprecipitation
Characterization of Protein Targets of Mammalian Thioredoxin Reductases / Anton A. Turanov ; Dolph L. Hatfield ; Vadim N. Gladyshev14：
Preparation of TR-immobilized Affinity Resins
Identification of Targets of Mammalian TRs in Cell Lysates
Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives
Alteration of Thioredoxin Reductase 1 Levels in Elucidating Cancer Etiology / Min-Hyuk Yoo ; Bradley A. Carlson ; Petra Tsuji ; Robert Irons15：
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Regulation of Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 in Redox Signaling / Kazumi Katagiri ; Atsushi Matsuzawa ; Hidenori Ichijo16：
Overview
Comment
Protocols for the Detection of S-Glutathionylated and S-Nitrosylated Proteins In Situ / Scott W. Aesif ; Yvonne M. W. Janssen-Heininger ; Niki L. Reynaert17：
Protein S-Glutathionylation
Protein S-Nitrosylation
Synthesis, Quantification, Characterization, and Signaling Properties of Glutathionyl Conjugates of Enals / Sanjay Srivastava ; Kota V. Ramana ; Aruni Bhatnagar ; Satish K. Srivastava18：
Synthesis, Quantification, and Characterization of Reagent Glutathionyl Conjugates of HNE
Metabolism of HNE
Signaling Properties of Glutathionyl Conjugates of HNE
Thioredoxin and Redox Signaling in Vasculature-Studies Using Trx2 Endothelium-Specific Transgenic Mice / Wang Min ; Luyao (Kevin) Xu ; Huanjiao (Jenny) Zhou ; Qunhua Huang ; Haifeng Zhang ; Yun He ; Xu Zhe ; Yan Luo19：
Generation, Detection, and Characterization of Biological and Chemical Sources of Nitric Oxide: Nitric Oxide Chemistry and Biology / W.H. Koppenol ; J.G. Traynham
Say NO for Nitric Oxide: Nomenclature forNitrogen- and Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Thermodynamics of Reactions Involving NitrogenOxygen Compounds / D.A. Wink ; M.B. Grisham ; J.B. Mitchell ; P.C. Ford
Direct and Indirect Effects of Nitric Oxide in Chemical Reactions Relevant to Biology / J.R. Lancaster, Jr.
Diffusion of Free Nitric Oxide / F.T. Bonner
Nitric Oxide Gas
Methods for Detection of Nitric Oxide / T. Malinski ; S. Mesaros ; P. Tomboulian
Nitric Oxide Measurement Using Electrochemical Methods / D. Christodoulou ; S. Kudo ; J.A. Cook ; M.C. Krishna ; A. Miles ; R. Murugesan
Electrochemical Methods for Detection of Nitric Oxide / J.F. Brien ; B.E. McLaughlin ; K. Nakatsu ; G.S. Marks
Chemiluminescence HeadspaceGas Analysis for Determination of Nitric Oxide Formation in Biological Systems / R.W. Nims ; J.C. Cook ; C.M.B. Poore ; A.M. Miles
Colorimetric Assaysfor Nitric Oxide and Nitrogen Oxide Species Formed from Nitric Oxide Stock Solutions and Donor Compounds
Determination of Nitric Oxide Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy / R. Pacelli ; D. Teague
Determination of Selectivity of Reactive Nitrogen Oxide Species for Various Substrates / J.S. Wishnok ; J.A. Glogowski ; S.R. Tannenbaum
Quantitation of Nitrate, Nitrite, and Nitrosating Agents / D.L. Granger ; R.R. Taintor ; K.S. Boockvar ; J.B. Hibbs, Jr.
Measurement of Nitrate and Nitrite in Biological Samples Using Nitrate Reductase and Griess Reaction / I. Yokoi ; H. Habu ; H. Kabuto ; A. Mori
Analysis of Nitrite, Nitrate, and Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in Brain Tissue by Automated Flow Injection Technique / S.S. Gross
Microtiter Plate Assay for Determining Kinetics of Nitric Oxide Synthesis / B. Kalyanaraman
Detection of Nitric Oxide by Electron Spin Resonance in Chemical, Photochemical, Cellular, and Physiological Systems / D. Hall ; G. Buettner
In Vivo Spin Trapping of Nitric Oxide by Heme: Electron Paramagnetic Detection ex Vivo / A.N. Osipov ; N.V. Gorbunov ; B.W. Day ; N.M. Elsayed ; V.E. Kagan
Electron Spin Resonance and Mass Spectral Analysis of Interactions of Ferrylhemoglobin and Ferrylmyoglobin with Nitric Oxide / K. Ichimori ; C.M. Arroyo ; H. Nakazawa
Electron Spin Resonancesfor Spin Trapping of 3,5-Dibromo-4-nitrosobenzene Sulfonate / T. Akaike ; H. Maeda
Quantitation of Nitric Oxide Using 2-Phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-Oxide and Its Derivatives in Biological Systems / Y. Kotake
Continuous andQuantitative Monitoring of Rate of Cellular Nitric Oxide Generation / A. Kozlov ; A. Bini ; A. Iannone ; I. Zini ; A. Tomasi
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Characterization of Rat Neuronal Nitric Oxide Production ex Vivo / G.G. Johnson
Quantitation of Nitrate and Nitrite in Extracellular Fluids / R.S. Lewis ; W.M. Deen
Stirred Reactor with Continuous Nitric Oxide Sampling for Use in Kinetic Studies
Nitric Oxide Donors: Nitric Oxide Deactivation and Nitric Oxide Gas / N.S. Kishnani ; H.-L. Fung
Nitric Oxide Generation from Pharmacologic NO Donors
Generation, Detection, and Characterization of Biological and Chemical Sources of Nitric Oxide: Nitric Oxide Chemistry and Biology / W.H. Koppenol ; J.G. Traynham
Say NO for Nitric Oxide: Nomenclature forNitrogen- and Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Thermodynamics of Reactions Involving NitrogenOxygen Compounds / D.A. Wink ; M.B. Grisham ; J.B. Mitchell ; P.C. Ford
Nitric OxideCyclic GMP Signal Transduction System / T.M. Lincoln ; T.L. Cornwell ; P. Komalavilas ; N. Boerth
Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase in Nitric Oxide Signaling / B.B. Aggarwal ; K. Mehta
Determination and Regulation of Nitric Oxide Production from Macrophages by Lipopolysaccharides, Cytokines, and Retinoids
Pathological and Clinical Aspects of Nitric Oxide: Fingerprints of Pathological Actions: Nitrosylation, Nitration, and Nitrosation / A. van der Vliet ; J.P. Eiserich ; H. Kaur ; C.E. Cross ; B. Halliwell
Nitrotyrosine as Biomarker for Reactive Nitrogen Species / J.P. Crow ; H. Ischiropoulos
Detection and Quantitation of Nitrotyrosine Residues in Proteins: In Vivo Marker of Peroxynitrite / M.S. Ramezanian ; S. Padmaja ; W.H. Koppenol
Nitration and Hydroxylation of Phenolic Compounds by Peroxynitrite / Y.Z. Ye ; M. Strong ; Z.-Q. Huang ; J.S. Beckman
Antibodies That Recognize Nitrotyrosine / J.B. Sampson ; H. Rosen
Peroxynitrite-Dependent Tyrosine Nitration Catalyzed by Superoxide Dismutase, Myeloperoxidase, and Horseradish Peroxidase
Interaction of Nitric Oxide with Membranes, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids / J. Kanner
Nitric Oxide and Metal-Catalyzed Reactions / S. Tamir ; T. de Rojas-Walker ; J.S. Wishnok ; S.R. Tannenbaum
DNA Damage and Genotoxicity by Nitric Oxide / M.H..L. Green ; J.E. Lowe ; C.A. Delaney ; I.C. Green
Comet Assay to Detect Nitric Oxide-Dependent DNA Damage in Mammalian Cells / S. Christen ; P. Gee ; B.N. Ames
Mutagenicity of Nitric Oxide in Base Pair Specific Salmonella Tester Strains: TA7000 Series / K.-D. Krincke ; V. Kolb-Bachofen
Detection of Nitric Oxide Interaction with Zinc Finger Proteins
Oxidative Damage to Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids: Lipids / J.D. Morrow ; L.J. Roberts II
Mass Spectrometric Quantification of F2-Isoprostanes in Biological Fluids and Tissues as a Measure of Oxidant Stress / J. Nourooz-Zadeh
Improved GC-MS Assay for the Measurement of Plasma Isoprostanes / G.T. Shwaery ; H. Mowri ; J.F. Keaney, Jr. ; B. Frei
Preparation of Lipid Hydroperoxide-Free LDL / W. Korytowski ; PG. Geiger ; A.W. Girotti
Lipid Hydroperoxide Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Mercury Cathode Electrochemical Detection / A.M. Pastorino ; A. Zamburlini ; L. Zennaro ; M. Maiorino ; F. Ursini
Measurement of Lipid Hydroperoxides in Human Plasma and Lipoproteins by Kinetic Analysis of Photon Emission / G.J. Handelman
HPLC Analysis of Cholesterol Linoleate Hydroperoxide in Oxidized LDL, with Calibration by Conjugated Diene Internal Standard / J.M. Samii
Determination of Phospholipid Oxidation in Cultured Cells
Ferrous Ion Oxidation in the Presence of Xylenol Orange for the Detection of Lipid Hydroperoxides in Plasma / T.R. Dugas ; D.F. Church
Purification and Characterization of Phospholipid for Use in Lipid Oxidation Studies / H.C. Yeo ; J.K. Liu ; H.J. Helbock ; K.B. Beckman ; B.N. Ames
Malondialdehyde Assay in Biological Fluids by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / P.A. Glascott, Jr. ; J. Farber
Assessment of the Physiological Interaction Between Vitamin E and Vitamin C
Modification of Proteins and Lipids by Myeloperoxidase / C.C. Winterbourn ; H. Buss
Protein Carbonyl Measurement by ELISA / A.J. Kettle
Detection of 3-Chlorotyrosine in Proteins Exposed to Neutrophil Oxidants / S.A. Lewisch ; R.L. Levine
Determination of 2-Oxohistidine by Amino Acid Analysis / C. Leeuwenburgh ; D.M. Mueller ; J.E. Rasmussen ; J. Turk
Detecting Oxidative Modifications of Biomolecules with Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry: Sensitive and Quantitative Assays for Oxidized Amino Acids in Proteins and Tissues / P. Evans ; L. Lyras ; B. Halliwell
Measurement of Protein Carbonyls in Human Brain Tissue
8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine and 8-Hydroxyguanine as Biomarkers of Oxidative DNA Damage / S. Loft ; H.E. Poulsen
Markers of Oxidative Damage to DNA: Antioxidants and Molecular Damage / S.M. Piperakis ; E.E. Visvardis ; A.M. Tassiou
Comet Assay for Nuclear DNA Damage / A.J.S.C. Viera ; J.P. Telo ; R.M.B. Dias
Generation of Hydroxyl Radical by Photolysis of Mercaptopyridine N-Oxides: Application to the Redox Chemistry of Purines / B. Li ; P.L. Gutierrez ; N. Blough
Trace Determination of Hydroxyl Radical Using Fluorescence Detection
Antioxidant Assays in Cells, Body Fluids and Tissues / H.Z. Chae ; S.W. Kang ; S.G. Rhee
Isoforms of Mammalian Peroxiredoxin That Reduce Peroxides in the Presence of Thioredoxin / E.S.J. Arneacute;r ; L. Zhong ; A. Holmgren
Preparation and Assay of Mammalian Thioredoxin and Thioredoxin Reductase / J. Moskovitz ; B.S. Berlett ; J.M. Poston ; E.R. Stadtman
Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase in Antioxidant Defense / P. Venditti ; T. DeLeo ; S. DiMeo&
Total Antioxidant Activity / H. Alho ; J. Leinonen
Total Antioxidant Activity Measured by Chemiluminescence Methods / I.F.F. Benzie ; J.J. Strain
Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power Assay: Direct Measure of ""Total Antioxidant Activity"" of Biological Fluids, and a Modified Version (FRASC) Which Enables the Simultaneous Measurement of Total Antioxidant Power and Ascorbic Acid Concentration / Y. Noda ; M. Kohno ; A. Mori ; L. Packer
Automated ESR Free Radical Detector Assays for Antioxidant Activity in Natu
Oxidative Damage to Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic Acids: Lipids / J.D. Morrow ; L.J. Roberts II
Mass Spectrometric Quantification of F2-Isoprostanes in Biological Fluids and Tissues as a Measure of Oxidant Stress / J. Nourooz-Zadeh
Improved GC-MS Assay for the Measurement of Plasma Isoprostanes / G.T. Shwaery ; H. Mowri ; J.F. Keaney, Jr. ; B. Frei
Quantifying Role of Nitric Oxide in Endothelial Barrier Regulation / M.J. Eppihimer ; D.N. Granger
In Vivo Measurements of Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression / P. Kubes
Ruthenium Red as Measure of Mast Cell Activation / M.K. Shigenaga
Quantitation of Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection / H. Ohshima ; H. Bartsch
Quantitative Estimation of Endogenous N-Nitrosation in Humans by Monitoring N-Nitrosoproline in Urine / D.L. Granger ; N.M. Anstey ; W.C. Miller ; J.B. Weinberg
Measuring Nitric Oxide Production in Human Clinical Studies / J.E. Freedman ; J.F. Keaney, Jr.
Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Detection in Human Platelets / P. Martásek ; R.T. Miller ; L.J. Roman ; T. Shea ; B.S.S. Masters
Assay of Isoforms of Escherichia coli-Expressed Nitric Oxide Synthase / E.I. Closs ; G.E. Mann
Identification of Carrier Systems in Plasma Membrane of Mammalian Cells Involved in Transport of L-Arginine / P. Forte ; L.M. Smith ; E. Milne ; N. Benjamin
Measurement of Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Humans Using L-[ 15 N2]-Arginine / T.J. McMahon ; J.S. Stamler
Scintillation Proximity Assay to Measure Nitroarginine and Tetrahydrobiopterin Binding to Heme Domain of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase / K.-D. Kröncke ; V. Kolb-Bachofen
Measurement of Nitric Oxide-Mediated Effects on Zinc Homeostasis and Zinc Finger Transcription Factors / L.A. MacMillan-Crow ; J.A. Thompson
Immunoprecipitation of Nitrotyrosine-Containing Proteins / Y. Ji ; T.P.M. Akerboom ; H. Sies ; J.A. Thomas
Gel Electrofocusing Method for Studying Protein S-Nitrosylation / J.P. Crow
Measurement and Significance of Free and Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine, Free 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, and 3-Chlorotyrosine in Biologic Samples: A High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method Using Electrochemical Detection / S. Mesáros
Determination of Nitric Oxide Saturated Solution by Amperometry on Modified Microelectrode / J. Vásquez-Vivar ; P. Martasek ; N. Hogg ; H. Karoui ; B.S. Siler Masters ; K.A. Pritchard, Jr. ; B. Kalyanaraman
Electron Spin Resonance Spin-Trapping Detection of Superoxide Generated by Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase / R.M. Bolzan ; R. Cueto ; G.L. Squadrito ; R.M. Uppu ; W.A. Pryor
Direct and Simultaneous Ultraviolet Second-Derivative Spectrophotometric Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate in Preparations of Peroxynitrite / A. Boveris ; L.E. Costa ; E. Cadenas ; J.J. Poderoso
Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiration by Adenosine Diphosphate, Oxygen, and Nitric Oxide. Nitric Oxide Donors: Nitrosothiols and Nitroxyls / D.A. Wink ; S. Kim ; D. Coffin ; J.A. Cook ; Y. Vodovotz ; D. Chistodoulou ; D. Jourd'heuil ; M.B. Grisham
Detection of S-Nitrosothiols by Fluorometric and Colorimetric Methods / S.B. King ; H.T. Nagasawa
Chemical Approaches toward Generation of Nitroxyl / F.S. Laroux ; D. Kang ; A.M. Miles
Stability of S-Nitrosothiols in Presence of Copper, Zinc-Superoxide Dismutase / P. Kostka ; J.K.J. Park
Fluorometric Detection of S-Nitrosothiols / A.D. McGill ; Y. Yang ; J. Wang ; L. Echegoyen ; P.G. Wang
Redox-Sensitive Nitric Oxide Dono
Biological Activity / J.S. Alexander ; N. Okayama
Quantifying Role of Nitric Oxide in Endothelial Barrier Regulation / M.J. Eppihimer ; D.N. Granger
In Vivo Measurements of Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression / P. Kubes
Biochemical, Molecular, and Real-Time Detection of Nitric Oxide / Section I：
The Preparation of Anaerobic Nitric Oxide Solutions for the Study of Heme Model Systems in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Media. Some Consequences of NO[subscript x] Impurities / Mark D. Lim ; Ivan M. Lorkovic ; Peter C. Ford1：
The NOtizer-A Device for the Convenient Preparation of Diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolates / Joerg Konter ; Gamal El-Din Ali Ahmed ; Hassan Abuo-Rahma ; Ali El-Emam ; Jochen Lehmann2：
Quantum Mechanical Determinations of Reaction Mechanisms, Acid Base, and Redox Properties of Nitrogen Oxides and Their Donors / Andrew S. Dutton ; Jon M. Fukuto ; K. N. Houk3：
Electrochemical and Spectrophotometric Methods for Evaluation of NO Dissociation Rate Constants from Nitrosyl Metal Complexes Activated through Reduction / Mauro Bertotti ; Vania Mori ; Patricia Zanichelli ; Jose Carlos Toledo ; Douglas Wagner Franco4：
Sensitive and Isotope-Selective ([superscript 14]NO/[superscript 15]NO) Online Detection of Nitric Oxide by Faraday-Laser Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Ralph Gabler5：
Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate with Ion Chromatography / Reinhard Kissner ; Willem H. Koppenol6：
Electrochemical Detection of Nitric Oxide in Biological Fluids / Barry W. Allen ; Jie Liu ; Claude A. Piantadosi7：
Simultaneous Detection of NO and ROS by ESR in Biological Systems / Yuanlin Cao ; Pink Guo ; Yangcang Xu ; Baolu Zhao8：
The ESR Method to Determine Nitric Oxide in Plants / Yi Tao9：
Nitration and S-Nitrosylation / Section II：
S-Nitrosothiol Formation / Jeannean Carver ; Allan Doctor ; Khalequz Zaman ; Benjamin Gaston10：
Detection and Characterization of Protein Nitrosothiols / Samie R. Jaffrey11：
Detection of Nitrosothiols and Other Nitroso Species In Vitro and in Cells / David Jourd'heuil ; Frances L. Jourd'Heuil ; Anthony M. Lowery ; John Hughes ; Matthew B. Grisham12：
Detection and Identification of S-Nitrosylated Proteins in Endothelial Cells / Antonio Martinez-Ruiz ; Santiago Lamas13：
S-Nitrosylation in Parkinson's Disease and Related Neurodegenerative Disorders / Kenny K. K. Chung ; Valina L. Dawson ; Ted M. Dawson14：
Dynamic Assessment of Nitration Reactions In Vivo / Ali R. Mani ; Kevin P. Moore15：
Protein Nitration in Biological Aging: Proteomic and Tandem Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Nitrated Sites / Jaroslaw Kanski ; Christian Schoneich16：
HPLC-Electrochemical Detection of Tocopherol Products as Indicators of Reactive Nitrogen Intermediates / Kenneth Hensley ; Kelly S. Williamson17：
Hydrophobic Tyrosyl Probes for Monitoring Nitration Reactions in Membranes / Hao Zhang ; Joy Joseph ; B. Kalyanaraman18：
Peroxynitrite / Section III：
Synthesis of Peroxynitrite from Nitrite and Hydrogen Peroxide / Kristine M. Robinson ; Joseph S. Beckman19：
Peroxynitrite-Dependent Upregulation of Src Kinases in Red Blood Cells: Strategies to Study the Activation Mechanisms / Mauro Serafini ; Cinzia Mallozzi ; Anna Maria Michela Di Stasi ; Maurizio Minetti20：
Hemoglobin and Red Blood Cells as Tools for Studying Peroxynitrite Biochemistry / Natalia Romero ; Rafael Radi21：
Quantification of 3-Nitrotyrosine Levels Using a Benchtop Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry Method / Stephen J. Nicholls ; Zhongzhou Shen ; Xiaoming Fu ; Bruce S. Levison ; Stanley L. Hazen22：
Mapping Sites of Tyrosine Nitration by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry / Illarion V. Turko ; Ferid Murad23：
Peroxynitrite in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease and the Neuroprotective Role of Metallothioneins / Manuchair Ebadi ; Sushil K. Sharma ; Pedram Ghafourifar ; Holly Brown-Borg ; H. El ReFaey24：
Signaling and Gene Expression / Section IV：
Yeast Model System for Examining Nitrogen Oxide Biochemistry/Signaling / Masaru Shinyashiki ; Brenda E. Lopez ; Chester E. Rodriguez25：
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Assays for the Real-Time Detection of Nitric Oxide Signaling / Claudette M. St. Croix ; Molly S. Stitt ; Simon C. Watkins ; Bruce R. Pitt26：
Nitric Oxide Is a Signaling Molecule that Regulates Gene Expression / Lorne J. Hofseth ; Ana I. Robles ; Michael G. Espey ; Curtis C. Harris27：
NO Signaling in ARE-Mediated Gene Expression / Eun Young Park ; Sang Geon Kim28：
Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Nitric Oxide-Mediated Signaling Events / Hugo P. Monteiro ; Carlos J. Rocha Oliveira ; Marli F. Curcio ; Miriam S. Moraes ; Roberto J. Arai29：
Identification and Evaluation of NO-Regulated Genes by Differential Analysis of Primary cDNA Library Expression (DAzLE) / Suk J. Hong30：
Role of NO in Enhancing the Expression of HO-1 in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages / Klaokwan Srisook ; Chaekyun Kim ; Young-Nam Cha31：
G-Protein Signaling in iNOS Gene Expression / Chang Ho Lee32：
Determination of Nitric Oxide-Donor Effects on Tissue Gene Expression In Vivo Using Low Density Gene Arrays / Doanh C. Tran ; Daniel A. Brazeau ; Ho-Leung Fung33：
Cell Biology and Physiology / Section V：
Cell H[subscript 2]O[subscript 2] Steady-State Concentration and Mitochondrial Nitric Oxide / Maria Cecilia Carreras ; Maria Clara Franco ; Daniela P. Converso ; Paola Finocchieto ; Soledad Galli ; Juan Jose Poderoso34：
Cytotoxic and Cytoprotective Actions of O[superscript - subscript 2] and NO (ONOO[superscript -]) are Determined Both by Cellular GSH Level and HO Activity in Macrophages / 35：
Determination of Mitochondrial Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity / Melinda L. Asbury ; Sandeep S. Joshi ; Eric D. Kincaid36：
Functional Activity of Mitochondrial Nitric Oxide Synthase / Laura B. Valdez ; Tamara Zaobornyj ; Alberto Boveris37：
Tetrahydrobiopterin as Combined Electron/Proton Donor in Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis: Cryogenic UV-Vis and EPR Detection of Reaction Intermediates / Antonius C. F. Gorren ; Morten Sorlie ; K. Kristoffer Andersson ; Stephane Marchal ; Reinhard Lange ; Bernd Mayer38：
Antisense-Mediated Knockdown of iNOS Expression in the Presence of Cytokines / Karsten Hemmrich ; Cristoph V. Suschek ; Victoria Kolb-Bachofen39：
Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase: The Nitric Oxide Receptor / Emil Martin ; Vladimir Berka ; Ah-Lim Tsai40：
Purification and Characterization of NO-Sensitive Guanylyl Cyclase / Michael Russwurm ; Doris Koesling41：
The Measurement of Nitric Oxide Production by Cultured Endothelial Cells / C. Michael Hart ; Dean J. Kleinhenz ; Sergey I. Dikalov ; Beth M. Boulden ; Samuel C. Dudley, Jr42：
Use of Microdialysis to Study Interstitial Nitric Oxide and Other Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Skeletal Muscle / Malcolm J. Jackson43：
Nitric Oxide, Proteasomal Function, and Iron Homeostasis-Implications in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases / Srigiridhar Kotamraju ; Shasi Kalivendi ; Tiesong Shang44：
Nitric Oxide Production in Primary Liver Cells Isolated from Amino Acid Diet-Fed Rats / Yashige Kotake ; Hideki Kishida ; Dai Nakae ; Robert A. Floyd45：
Update on Nitric Oxide-Dependent Vasodilation in Human Subjects / Craig J. McMackin ; Joseph A. Vita46：
Assessing NO-Dependent Vasodilatation Using Vessel Bioassays at Defined Oxygen Tensions / T. Scott Isbell ; Jeffrey R. Koenitzer ; Jack H. Crawford ; C. R. White ; David W. Kraus ; Rakesh P. Patel47：
Nonenzymatic Nitric Oxide Formation during UVA Irradiation of Human Skin: Experimental Setups and Ways to Measure / Christoph V. Suschek ; Adnana Paunel48：
Nitric Oxide and Cell Signaling: In Vivo Evaluation of NO-dependent Apoptosis by MRI and Not NMR Techniques / Sonsoles Hortelano ; Miriam Zeini ; Paqui G. Traves ; Lisardo Bosca49：
Microelectrode for In Vivo Real-Time Detection of NO / Tayfun Dalbasti ; Emrah Kilinc50：
Real-Time Detection of Nitric Oxide Isotopes in Lung Function Tests / H. Heller ; R. Gabler ; K.-D. Schuster51：
ESR Techniques for the Detection of Nitric Oxide In Vivo and in Tissues / Sergey Dikalov ; Bruno Fink52：
Nomenclature for Mammalian Soluble Glutathione Transferases / Bengt Mannervik ; Philip G. Board ; John D. Hayes ; Irving Listowsky ; William R. Pearson1：
Human Alpha Class Glutathione S-Transferases: Genetic Polymorphism, Expression, and Susceptibility to Disease / Brian F. Coles ; Fred F. Kadlubar2：
Regulation of GST-P Gene Expression During Hepatocarcinogenesis / Masaharu Sakai ; Masami Muramatsu3：
Human Glutathione Transferase Zeta / M. W. Anders4：
Characterization of the Omega Class of Glutathione Transferases / Astrid K. Whitbread ; Amir Masoumi ; Natasha Tetlow ; Erica Schmuck ; Marjorie Coggan5：
Alternative Splicing of Glutathione S-Transferases / Jantana Wongsantichon ; Albert J. Ketterman6：
Disruption of the Glutathione Transferase Pi Class Genes / Colin J. Henderson ; C. Roland Wolf7：
Human Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase 1: A Member of the MAPEG Protein Superfamily / Par L. Pettersson ; Staffan Thoren ; Per-Johan Jakobsson9：
Two-Dimensional Crystallization and Electron Crystallography of MAPEG Proteins / Hans Hebert ; Caroline Jegerschold ; Priyaranjan Bhakat ; Peter J. Holm10：
Plant Glutathione Transferase / Robert Edwards ; David P. Dixon11：
Phylogenies of Glutathione Transferase Families / 12：
Drosophila Glutathione S-Transferases / Chen-Pei D. Tu ; Bunyamin Akgul13：
Glutathione S-transferase from Malarial Parasites: Structural and Functional Aspects / Marcel Deponte ; Katja Becker15：
Optimizing of Heterologous Expression of Glutathione Transferase / 16：
Human Glutathione Transferase A3-3 Active as Steroid Double-Bond Isomerase / Francoise Raffalli-Mathieu17：
A Subclass of Mu Glutathione S-Transferases Selectively Expressed in Testis and Brain / 18：
Glutathione S-Transferases as Regulators of Kinase Pathways and Anticancer Drug Targets / Danyelle M. Townsend ; Victoria L. Findlay ; Kenneth D. Tew19：
Modification of N-Acetyltransferases and Glutathione S-Transferases by Coffee Components: Possible Relevance for Cancer Risk / Wolfgang W. Huber ; Wolfram Parzefall20：
Activation of Alkyl Halides by Glutathione Transferases / F. Peter Guengerich21：
Peptide Phage Display for Probing GST-Protein Interactions / Maryam H. Edalat22：
Fosfomycin Resistance Proteins: A Nexus of Glutathione Transferases and Epoxide Hydrolases in Metalloenzyme Superfamily / Rachel E. Rigsby ; Kerry L. Fillgrove ; Lauren A. Beihoffer ; Richard N. Armstrong23：
Regulation of 4-Hydroxynonenal Mediated Signaling by Glutathione S-Transferases / Yogesh C. Awasthi ; G. A. S. Ansari ; Sanjay Awasthi24：
Gene Expression of [gamma]-Glutamyltranspeptidase / Yoshitaka Ikeda ; Naoyuki Taniguchi25：
[gamma]-Glutamyltranspeptidase: Disulfide Bridges, Propeptide Cleavage, and Activation in the Endoplasmic Reticulum / Carol L. Kinlough ; Paul A. Poland ; James B. Bruns ; Rebecca P. Hughey26：
Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Substrate Specificity and Catalytic Mechanism / Jeffrey W. Keillor ; Roselyne Castonguay ; Christian Lherbet27：
[gamma]-Glutamyl Transpeptidase in Glutathione Biosynthesis / Hongqiao Zhang ; Henry Jay Forman ; Jinah Choi28：
Prooxidant Reactions Promoted by Soluble and Cell-Bound [gamma]-Glutamyltransferase Activity / Silvia Dominici ; Aldo Paolicchi ; Alessandro Corti ; Emilia Maellaro ; Alfonso Pompella29：
Protein 3-Nitrotyrosine in Complex Biological Samples: Quantification by High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography/Electrochemical Detection and Emergence of Proteomic Approaches for Unbiased Identification of Modification Sites / Tal Nuriel ; Ruba S. Deeb ; David P. Hajjar ; Steven S. Gross1：
Introduction
Quantification of 3-NT in Proteins Using HPLC Separation and Electrochemical (EC) Detection / 2：
Protocol for Quantification of 3-NT in Hydrolyzed Proteins Using HPLC-EC / 3：
Beyond Quantification: Specification of 3-NT Sites in Proteins / 4：
Acknowledgment
References
Selective Fluorogenic Derivatization of 3-Nitrotyrosine and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine in Peptides: A Method Designed for Quantitative Proteomic Analysis / Victor S. Sharov ; Elena S. Dremina ; Justin Pennington ; Jacque Killmer ; Christopher Asmus ; Maria Thorson ; Sung Jung Hong ; Xiaobao Li ; John F. Stobaugh ; Christian Schoneich
Design of a Fluorogenic Derivatization Method
Model Studies with 4-Methylcatechol and 2-Aminocresol
Derivatization of a 3-Nitrotyrosine-Containing Model Peptide with Benzylamine and 4-Aminomethylbenzene Sulfonic Acid
Conclusions / 5：
Nitroalkenes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Effects on Macrophage Activation / Ana Maria Ferreira ; Andres Trostchansky ; Mariana Ferrari ; Jose M. Souza ; Homero Rubbo
Synthesis and Characterization of Cholesteryl-Nitrolinoleate
Synthesis and Identification of Nitroalkenes Isomers: Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Nitroarachidonate
Determination of Lipid Nitration during Macrophage Activation
Effects of Nitroalkenes on NOS2 Induction by Activated Macrophages
Analysis of HO-1 Induction and NF-[kappa]B Activation / 6：
Acknowledgments
In-Gel Detection of S-Nitrosated Proteins Using Fluorescence Methods / Nicholas J. Kettenhofen ; Xunde Wang ; Mark T. Gladwin ; Neil Hogg
Role of Trace Metal Ions in Ascorbate-Mediated Reduction of S-Nitrosothiols
Detection of Protein S-Nitrosation Using Fluorescent Labeling Methods
Current Protocol for CyDye-Switch Method
Difference Gel Electrophoresis Analysis of a Model Protein Mixture
Sensitivity of Detection of the CyDye Label
Fluorescence Detection of S-Nitrosated Proteins in Plasma / 7：
Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis Detection of S-Nitrosated Proteins / 8：
Modifications of the Original Biotin-Switch Method / 9：
Current Procedure for the Biotin-Switch Assay / 10：
Conclusion / 11：
The Arachidonate-Dependent Survival Signaling Preventing Toxicity in Monocytes/Macrophages Exposed to Peroxynitrite / Orazio Cantoni ; Ilaria Tommasini ; Liana Cerioni
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Practical Approaches to Investigate Redox Regulation of Heat Shock Protein Expression and Intracellular Glutathione Redox State / Vittorio Calabrese ; Anna Signorile ; Carolin Cornelius ; Cesare Mancuso ; Giovanni Scapagnini ; Bernardo Ventimiglia ; Nicolo' Ragusa ; Albena Dinkova-Kostova
Nitric Oxide and Cellular Stress Response: Role of Vitagenes
Material and Methods
Results
Discussion
Monitoring Oxidative Stress in Vascular Endothelial Cells in Response to Fluid Shear Stress: From Biochemical Analyses to Micro- and Nanotechnologies / Mahsa Rouhanizadeh ; Wakako Takabe ; Lisong Ai ; Hongyu Yu ; Tzung Hsiai
In Vitro Monitoring of Reactive Species
Measurement of Endothelial ROS Generation in Response to Shear Stress
Protein Oxidation and Nitration in Response to Shear Stress
Emerging Technology: Micro- and Nanotechnology
Summary
Determination of S-Nitrosothiols in Biological and Clinical Samples Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometry with Spin Trapping / Paul G. Winyard ; Iona A. Knight ; Frances L. Shaw ; Sophie A. Rocks ; Claire A. Davies ; Paul Eggleton ; Richard Haigh ; Matthew Whiteman ; Nigel Benjamin
Relative Yield of Spin-Trapped NO[superscript middle dot] from S-Nitrosoalbumin in Comparison with S-Nitrosoglutathione
S-Nitrosoalbumin Recovery
Potential Signal Contribution from N-Nitrosamines and Other Possible Sources of NO[superscript middle dot]
Use of the EPR Assay for S-Nitrosothiols in Combination with Isotopic Labeling
Novel Method for Measuring S-Nitrosothiols Using Hydrogen Sulfide / Xinjun Teng ; T. Scott Isbell ; Jack H. Crawford ; Charles A. Bosworth ; Gregory I. Giles ; Jeffrey R. Koenitzer ; Jack R. Lancaster ; Jeannette E. Doeller ; David W. Kraus ; Rakesh P. Patel
Experimental Manipulation of H[subscript 2]S
Specificity for H[subscript 2]S-Dependent Detection of RSNO
Comparison of H[subscript 2]S vs Tri-iodide and Copper/Cysteine Based Methods for RSNO Detection
Effects of pH on H[subscript 2]S-Dependent RSNO Detection
Effect of Antifoam
Summary and Conclusions
Kinetic Studies on Peroxynitrite Reduction by Peroxiredoxins / Madia Trujillo ; Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta ; Rafael Radi
General Considerations for Reagents Used
Kinetics Studies of the Oxidative Part of the Catalytic Cycle
Reductive Part of the Catalytic Cycle
Nitrocytochrome c: Synthesis, Purification, and Functional Studies / Laura Castro ; Adriana Maria Cassina ; Carlos Batthyany
Synthesis of Tyrosine-Nitrated Cytochrome c
Purification of the Mononitrated Cytochrome c Species
Mapping the Sites of Tyrosine Nitration and Spectral Characterization of the Nitrated Cytochrome c
Functional Consequences of Nitrated Cytochrome c
Concluding Remarks
Tyrosine Nitration, Dimerization, and Hydroxylation by Peroxynitrite in Membranes as Studied by the Hydrophobic Probe N-t-BOC-l-tyrosine tert-Butyl Ester / Silvina Bartesaghi ; Gonzalo Peluffo ; Hao Zhang ; Joy Joseph ; Balaraman Kalyanaraman12：
Methods
Assessment of Superoxide Production and NADPH Oxidase Activity by HPLC Analysis of Dihydroethidium Oxidation Products / Francisco R. M. Laurindo ; Denise C. Fernandes ; Celio X. C. Santos13：
Probes for Assessment of Superoxide
Dihydroethidium as a Superoxide Probe
HPLC Analysis of Dihydroethidium Oxidation in Cells and Tissues: General Considerations
Extraction of Fluorescent DHE-Derived Products in Biological Samples
Quantification of Fluorescent DHE-Derived Products
Assessment of NADPH Oxidase Activity in Cell Membrane Fraction by DHE Oxidation
Methods to Measure the Reactivity of Peroxynitrite-Derived Oxidants Toward Reduced Fluoresceins and Rhodamines / Peter Wardman14：
Reactants
Sources of Error and Scope for Improvements in Methodology
Detection and Characterization of Peroxynitrite-Induced Modifications of Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Methionine Residues by Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Igor Rebrin ; Catherine Bregere ; Timothy K. Gallaher ; Rajindar S. Sohal15：
Experimental Procedures
Anticipated Results
Reductive Gas-Phase Chemiluminescence and Flow Injection Analysis for Measurement of the Nitric Oxide Pool in Biological Matrices / Ulrike Hendgen-Cotta ; Marijke Grau ; Tienush Rassaf ; Putrika Gharini ; Malte Kelm ; Petra Kleinbongard16：
Circulating and Resident Pool of Nitric Oxide
Applied Methods for Determination of Nitrite, Nitrate, and Nitroso Species in Biological Matrices and Iron-Nitrosyls in Tissue
Sample Processing
Detection and Measurement for the Modification and Inactivation of Caspase by Nitrosative Stress In Vitro and In Vivo / Hee-Jun Na ; Hun-Taeg Chung ; Kwon-Soo Ha ; Hansoo Lee ; Young-Guen Kwon ; Timothy R. Billiar ; Young-Myeong Kim17：
Nitrosative Stress
Biological Reactivity of Nitric Oxide
S-Nitrosylating Chemistry
S-Nitrosylating Specificity
S-Nitrosylation of Caspases
Interactive Relations between Nitric Oxide (NO) and Carbon Monoxide (CO): Heme Oxygenase-1/CO Pathway Is a Key Modulator in NO-Mediated Antiapoptosis and Anti-inflammation / Byung-Min Choi18：
Induction of HO-1 by the NOS/NO Pathway
Antiapoptotic Roles of the NOS/HO-1 Pathway
Anti-inflammatory Roles of the NOS/HO-1 Pathway
Interactive Relations between NO and CO
Detection and Characterization of In Vivo Nitration and Oxidation of Tryptophan Residues in Proteins / 19：
In Vivo Real-Time Measurement of Nitric Oxide in Anesthetized Rat Brain / Rui M. Barbosa ; Catia F. Lourenco ; Ricardo M. Santos ; Francois Pomerleau ; Peter Huettl ; Greg A. Gerhardt ; Joao Laranjinha20：
Experimental Considerations
In Vivo Experiments: Results and Discussion
Nitric Oxide and Cardiobiology-Methods for Intact Hearts and Isolated Myocytes / Joshua M. Hare ; Farideh Beigi ; Konstantinos Tziomalos21：
Nitroso-Redox Signal Mediators
Nitric Oxide and Signaling Through Cysteine Thiols
Nitroso-Redox Balance or Imbalance
Nitric Oxide Synthases, NADPH Oxidase, and Xanthine Oxidoreductase (XOR)
Nitric Oxide-Redox Balance in Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Techniques for Assessing Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress
Techniques Used for Measuring S-Nitrosylation
Activity Measurements
Microscopic Technique for the Detection of Nitric Oxide-Dependent Angiogenesis in an Animal Model / Seung Namkoong ; Byoung-Hee Chung22：
Summary and Conclusion
Author Index
Subject Index
Contributors
Volumes in Series
Protein 3-Nitrotyrosine in Complex Biological Samples: Quantification by High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography/Electrochemical Detection and Emergence of Proteomic Approaches for Unbiased Identification of Modification Sites / Tal Nuriel ; Ruba S. Deeb ; David P. Hajjar ; Steven S. Gross1：
UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases: Gene Structures of UGT1 and UGT2 Families / Ida S. Owens ; Nikhil K. Basu ; Rajat Banerjee1：
Identification and Characterization of Functional Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-Binding Sites in UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Genes / Dione A. Gardner-Stephen ; Philip A. Gregory ; Peter I. Mackenzie2：
Substrate Specificity of Human Hepatic UDP-Glucuronosyltransferaes / Brian Burchell ; David J. Lockley ; Adam Staines ; Yoshihiro Uesawa ; Michael W. H. Coughtrie3：
UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A6: Structural, Functional, and Regulatory Aspects / Karl Walter Bock ; Christoph Kohle4：
The Role of Ah Receptor in Induction of Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 / Mei-Fei Yueh ; Jessica A. Bonzo ; Robert H. Tukey5：
Regulation of the Human UGT1A1 Gene by Nuclear Receptors Constitutive Active/Androstane Receptor, Pregnane X Receptor, and Glucocorticoid Receptor / Junko Sugatani ; Tatsuya Sueyoshi ; Masahiko Negishi ; Masao Miwa6：
Isoform-Selective Probe Substrates for In Vitro Studies of Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases / Michael H. Court7：
Structure of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases in Membranes / Anna Radominska-Pandya ; Mohamed Ouzzine ; Sylvie Fournel-Gigleux ; Jacques Magdalou8：
Human SULT1A Genes: Cloing and Activity Assays of the SULT1A Promoters / Nadine Hempel ; Michael E. McManus9：
Vitamin D Receptor Regulation of the Steroid/Bile Acid Sulfotransferase SULT2A1 / Bandana Chatterjee ; Ibtissam Echchgadda ; Chung Seog Song10：
Screening and Characterizing Human NAT2 Variants / Mihaela R. Savulescu ; Adeel Mushtaq ; P. David Josephy11：
Inactivation of Human Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase 1 by Hydrogen Peroxide and Peroxynitrite / Jean-Marie Dupret ; Julien Dairou ; Noureddine Atmane ; Fernando Rodrigues-Lima12：
Sulfotransferases and Acetyltransferases in Mutagenicity Testing: Technical Aspects / Hansruedi Glatt ; Walter Meinl13：
A Comparative Molecular Field Analysis-Based Approach to Prediction of Sulfotransferase Catalytic Specificity / Vyas Sharma ; Michael W. Duffel14：
Glucuronidase Deconjugation in Inflammation / Kayoko Shimoi ; Tsutomu Nakayama15：
Three-Dimensional Structures of Sulfatases / Debashis Ghosh16：
Estrogen Sulfatase / Masao Iwamori17：
Analysis for Localization of Steroid Sulfatase in Human Tissues / Takashi Suzuki ; Yasuhiro Miki ; Tsuyoshi Fukuda ; Taisuke Nakata ; Takuya Moriya ; Hironobu Sasano18：
Metabolism of Phytoestrogen Conjugates / Tracy L. D'Alessandro ; Brenda J. Boersma-Maland ; T. Greg Peterson ; Jeff Sfakianos ; Jeevan K. Prasain ; Rakesh P. Patel ; Victor M. Darley-Usmar ; Nigel P. Botting ; Stephen Barnes19：
Sulfation and Glucuronidation of Phenols: Implications in Coenzyme Q Metabolism / Nandita Shangari ; Tom S. Chan ; Peter J. O'Brien20：
Synthesis of Bile Acid Coenzyme A Thioesters in the Amino Acid Conjugation of Bile Acids / Erin M. Shonsey ; James Wheeler ; Michelle Johnson ; Donging He ; Charles N. Falany ; Josie Falany21：
Bile Acid Coenzyme A: Amino Acid N-Acyltransferase in the Amino Acid Conjugation of Bile Acids / Mindan Sfakianos ; David J. Merkler22：
Multidrug Resistance Protein 1-Mediated Export of Glutathione and Glutathione Disulphide from Brain Astrocytes / Johannes Hirrlinger ; Ralf Dringen23：
The Genetics of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Michael Dean24：
Functional Analysis of Detergent-solubilized and Membrane-Reconstituted ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Bert Poolman ; Mark K. Doeven ; Eric R. Geertsma ; Esther Biemans-Oldehinkel ; Wil N. Konings ; Douglas C. Rees25：
Yeast ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters: Cellular Cleaning Pumps / Robert Ernst ; Robin Klemm ; Lutz Schmitt ; Karl Kuchler26：
High-Speed Screening of Human ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Function and Genetic Polymorphisms: New Strategies in Pharmacogenomics / Toshihisa Ishikawa ; Aki Sakurai ; Yoichi Kanamori ; Makoto Nagakura ; Hiroyuki Hirano ; Yutaka Takarada ; Kazunari Yamada ; Kazuhisa Fukushima ; Masato Kitajima27：
Coordinate Transcriptional Regulation of Transport and Metabolism / Jyrki J. Eloranta ; Peter J. Meier ; Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick28：
Uptake and Efflux Transporters for Conjugates in Human Hepatocytes / Dietrich Keppler29：
Inborn Errors of Biliary Canalicular Transport Systems / Verena Keitel31：
Epoxide Hydrolases: Structure, Function, Mechanism, and Assay / Michael Arand ; Annette Cronin ; Magdalena Adamska ; Franz Oesch32：
Pregnane X Receptor-Mediated Transcription / Thomas K. H. Chang ; David J. Waxman33：
Animal Models of Xenobiotic Receptors in Drug Metabolism and Diseases / Haibiao Gong ; Michael W. Sinz ; Yan Feng ; Taosheng Chen ; Raman Venkataramanan ; Wen Xie34：
Cancer and Molecular Biomarkers of Phase 2 / Kim Dalhoff ; Kaspar Buus Jensen ; Henrik Enghusen Poulsen35：
図書
