| Contributors |
| Preface |
| Hedgehog Signaling / Siu Wah Choy ; Shuk Han Cheng1： |
| Hedgehog Ligands / I： |
| Hedgehog Signaling in Zebrafish Eye Vesicle Patterning / II： |
| Hedgehog Signaling in Zebrafish Photoreceptor Differentiation / IV： |
| Hedgehog Signaling in Zebrafish Inner Nuclear Layer / V： |
| Hedgehog Signaling in Zebrafish Ganglion Cell Differentiation / VI： |
| References |
| Canonical and Noncanonical Hedgehog/GLI Signaling in Hematological Malignancies / Fritz Aberger ; Daniela Kern ; Richard Greil ; Tanja Nicole Hartmann2： |
| Hedgehog Introduction |
| Regulation of Canonical HH Signaling and Its Implication in Cancer |
| SMO-Independent Modulation of GLI Activity |
| Hedgehog in Hematopoiesis and Hematopoietic Stem Cells |
| From HSC to CML |
| T- and B-Cell Malignancies |
| Outlook / VII： |
| Acknowledgments |
| Noncanonical Hedgehog Signaling / Donna Brennan ; Xiaole Chen ; Lan Cheng ; My Mahoney ; Natalia A. Riobo3： |
| Definition |
| Type I Noncanonical Signaling: Pathways Engaged Exclusively by Ptc1 |
| Type II Noncanonical Signaling: Pathways Engaged by Smoothened |
| Noncanonical Hh Signaling in Drosophila |
| Concluding Remarks |
| Gli Protein Nuclear Localization Signal / Minora Hatayama ; Jun Aruga4： |
| Introduction |
| Nuclear Localization Signal and Nuclear Export Signal |
| NLS and NES Mapping |
| Sequence Comparison of Gli NLSs-NLSs in ZF Domains |
| Predicted 3D Structure of Gli NLS |
| NLS Control of Gli/Ci Subcellular Localization in Hh Signaling |
| Perspectives |
| Mammalian Homologues of Drosophila Fused Kinase / Alla Maloverjan ; Marko Piirsoo5： |
| The Major Steps of Hh Signaling |
| Ci/Gli Proteins are Transcription Factors Mediating Hh Activities |
| Hedgehog Signaling Complex is Responsible for Regulation of ci Protein |
| Regulation of Gli Proteins |
| Fu is a Protein Kinase Playing Catalytic and Regulatory Roles in ci regulation |
| Protein Kinases Participating in the Regulation of Gli Proteins |
| Controversial Roles of Stk36 / VIII： |
| The Role of Ulk3 in Shh Signaling Pathway / IX： |
| An Emerging Shh Signaling Model Involving Ulk3 / X： |
| Identification, Functional Characterization, and Pathobiological Significance of GLl1 Isoforms in Human Cancers / Richard L. Carpenter ; Hui-Wen Lo6： |
| Structures and Properties of GLl1 Isoforms |
| Regulation of GLli Isoforms by Canonical and Noncanonical Pathways |
| GLli Isoforms and Malignant Phenotypes of Cancer |
| Conclusion and Future Directions |
| Gli-Similar Proteins: Their Mechanisms of Action, Physiological Functions, and Roles in Disease / Kristin Lichti-Kaiser ; Gary ZeRuth ; Hong Soon Kang ; Shivakumar Vasanth ; Anton M. Jetten7： |
| Mechanism of Action of Glis Proteins |
| Role of Glis Proteins in Renal Physiology and Pathology |
| Role of Glis3 in Pancreas Physiology and Pathology |
| Glis Functions in Other Tissues |
| Conclusion |
| Sonic Hedgehog Regulates Wnt Activity During Neural Circuit Formation / Nicole H. Wilson ; Esther T. Stoeckli8： |
| Shh and Wnt Signaling: Canonical Signaling Pathways |
| Patterning and Morphogenesis of the Neural Tube |
| Establishment of Neuronal Polarization |
| Axon Guidance |
| Synapse Formation |
| Other Factors Influencing Shh and Wnt Pathways |
| Conclusions and Future Directions |
| Hedgehog/Gli Control by Ubiquitination/Acetylation Interplay / Alberto Gulino ; Lucia Di Marcotullio ; Gianluca Canettieri ; Enrico De Smaele ; Isabella Screpanti9： |
| Ubiquitin-Dependent Regulation of Hh Signaling |
| Increasing the Complexity of Hh Signaling in Vertebrates: The Cul1- and Cul3-Dependent Ubiquitination Processes |
| An Alternative Gli1 Control by the HECT-Type Itch E3 Ubiquitin Ligase-Based Processing |
| Activation of Itch Function by Numb |
| Acetylation to Ubiquitination Connection in Hh Signaling |
| Implications of Ubiquitin-Dependent Events for Cell Development and Tumorigenesis |
| Implications for Ubiquitination/Acetylation Interplay in Cell Development and Cancer Control |
| Conclusions |
| Palmitoylation of Hedgehog Proteins / John A. Buglino ; Marilyn D. Resh10： |
| Introduction to Protein Palmitoylation |
| Palmitoylation of Other Secreted Proteins |
| The MBOAT Family of Acyltransferases |
| Phosphorylation Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling / Jianhang Jia11： |
| Phosphorylation of the Transcription Factor in Hh Signaling |
| Phosphorylation of Smo Receptor in Hh Signaling |
| Other Phosphorylation Events in Hh Signaling |
| Nonconserved Phosphorylation |
| Phosphatases in Hh Signaling |
| Differential Phosphorylation of Hh Signaling Components |
| Protein Kinase A Activity and Hedgehog Signaling Pathway / Tomoya Kotani12： |
| Function of PKA in Hedgehog-Responsive Cells |
| Activation of PKA |
| PKA Activity in Hedgehog-Responding Cells |
| Phosphorylation of Gli by cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase / Yoshinari Asaoka13： |
| cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase |
| Hedgehog Signaling and cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase |
| Gli Transcription Factors and cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase |
| ZFP932 Suppresses Cellular Hedgehog Response and Patched1 Transcription / G. Jason Huang ; Zhenhua He ; Liang Ma14： |
| Zfp932 Characterization |
| ZFP932 Represses Ptch1 Expression |
| ZFP932 Represses Cellular Hedgehog-Signaling Response |
| ZFP932 Regulates Osteoblast Differentiation |
| A New Era for an Ancient Drug: Arsenic Trioxide and Hedgehog Signaling / Elspeth M. Beauchamp ; Aykut Üren15： |
| Historic Use of Arsenic in Medicine |
| Molecular Mechanisms of Arsenic in Cancer Therapy |
| Role of Hedgehog Signaling in Cancer |
| Effect of Arsenic on Hh Signaling |
| Aberrations and Therapeutics Involving the Developmental Pathway Hedgehog in Pancreatic cancer / Fergal C. Kelleher ; Raymond McDermott16： |
| The Hedgehog Pathway |
| Hedgehog Therapeutics |
| Sonic Hedgehog Signaling and Potential Therapeutic Indications / Nicholas C. Bambakidis ; Kaine Onwuzulike17： |
| Sonic Hedgehog Discovered (Shh) |
| Shh Signaling in Vertebrates |
| Shh Second Messenger Systems |
| Shh in Stem Cell Proliferation |
| Shh in Oncogenesis |
| Shh in Injury of the CNS |
| Sonic Hedgehog on Microparticles and Neovascularization / Raffaella Soleti ; Maria Carmen Martinez18： |
| Neovascularization |
| Sonic Hedgehog |
| Microparticles |
| "Patch"-ing up the Neurons: Revival or Enervation? / Sayantani Ghosh ; Arunabha Chakrabarti ; Debashis Mukhopadhyay19： |
| The "Patched" Transmission |
| Ptch1 Expression in Neural Tissues |
| Ptch1 in Disease, Development, and Injury |
| Activation of Hedgehog Pathway in Gastrointestinal Cancers / Ling Yang ; Xiulan Su ; Jingwu Xie20： |
| Activation of the Hh Pathway in Esophageal Cancer |
| Activation of the Hh Pathway in Gastric Cancer |
| Activation of the Hh Pathway in Colorectal Cancer |
| Summary |
| The Role of Sonic Hedgehog as a Regulator of Gastric Function and Differentiation / Rui Feng ; Chang Xiao ; Yana Zavros21： |
| Hh in the Adult Stomach |
| The Potential Role of Sonic Hh as a Gastric Hormone |
| Acknowledgment |
| Sonic Hedgehog-Mediated Synergistic Effects Guiding Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis / Sabine Fuchs ; Eva Dohle ; Charles James Kirkpatrick22： |
| General Introduction |
| General Aspects of Shh Signaling |
| The Role of Hh Morphogens in Bone Development and Repair |
| Shh: Potential Candidate Linking Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis |
| Effects of Shh on Angiogenesis, Vessel Maturation, and Osteogenesis |
| Coculture Models as In Vitro Models to Investigate Effects of Shh on Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis |
| Effects of Shh on Angiogenesis in a Coculture Model |
| Effects of Shh on Osteogenesis in a Coculture Model |
| Future Therapeutical Options and Delivery Strategies |
| Hedgehog Inhibition as an Anti-Cancer Strategy / G. Praveen Raju ; Diane Pham23： |
| Hh Signaling in Normal Development |
| Hh Pathway Alterations in Cancer |
| Targeted Therapies for Hedgehog Dependent Cancers |
| Index |
| Contributors |
| Preface |
| Hedgehog Signaling / Siu Wah Choy ; Shuk Han Cheng1： |
ＥＢ
