Foreword |
Preface |
Chemical shift / 1: |
Conception of chemical shift / 1.1.1: |
Factors affecting chemical shifts / 1.1.2: |
Coupling constant J / 1.2: |
Coupling effect and coupling constant J / 1.2.1: |
Discussion of coupling constants according to their kinds / 1.2.2: |
Chemical equivalence and magnetic equivalence / 1.3: |
Chemical equivalence / 1.3.1: |
Magnetic equivalence / 1.3.2: |
Substituted phenyl ring / 1.3.3: |
Substituted heteroaromatic ring / 1.4.2: |
Normal long-chain alkyl group / 1.4.3: |
Carbonyl compounds / 1.4.4: |
Reactive hydrogen atom / 1.4.5: |
Compounds containing fluorine or phosphor atoms / 1.4.6: |
Find impurity peaks, pay attention to the solvent applied / 1.5: |
Calculation of the unsaturation number of the unknown compound / 1.5.2: |
Determination of functional groups of the unknown compound / 1.5.3: |
Analysis of coupling splittings of peak sets / 1.5.5: |
Combination of possible structural units / 1.5.6: |
Checking of the deduced structure / 1.5.7: |
Reference / 1.6: |
Characteristics and advantages of the 13C NMR spectra / 2: |
Chemical shift values of common functional groups and main factors affecting chemical shift values / 2.2: |
Alkanes and their derivatives / 2.3.1: |
Cycloalkanes and their derivatives / 2.3.2: |
Alkylenes and their derivatives / 2.3.3: |
Benzene and its derivatives / 2.3.4: |
Carbonyl groups / 2.3.5: |
Determination of the carbon atom orders / 2.4: |
Recognizing impurity peaks and identifying solvent peaks / 2.5: |
Consideration of chemical shift values of peaks / 2.5.2: |
Determination of carbon atom orders / 2.5.4: |
Postulation of possible functional groups / 2.5.5: |
Interpretation of 2D NMR spectra / 3: |
General knowledge about 2D NMR spectra / 3.1: |
Homonuclear shift correlation spectroscopy, COSY (H, H-COSY) / 3.2: |
Heteronuclear shift correlation spectroscopy / 3.3: |
Long-range heteronuclear shift correlation spectroscopy / 3.4: |
NOESY and ROESY / 3.5: |
Total correlation spectroscopy, TOCSY / 3.6: |
References |
Interpretation of mass spectra / 4: |
Basic knowledge of organic mass spectrometry / 4.1: |
Mass spectra / 4.1.1: |
Ionization in organic mass spectrometry / 4.1.2: |
Ion types in organic mass spectrometry / 4.1.3: |
Isotopic ion clusters in mass spectra / 4.2: |
Interpretation of EI MS / 4.3: |
Determination of molecular ion peak / 4.3.1: |
Interpretation of fragment ion peaks / 4.3.2: |
Interpretation of rearrangement ion peaks / 4.3.3: |
Complex cleavages of alicyclic compounds / 4.3.4: |
Mass spectrum patterns of common functional groups / 4.3.5: |
Interpretation of the EI mass spectrum and examples / 4.3.6: |
Interpretation of the mass spectra from soft ionization / 4.4: |
Mass spectra from ESI (electrospray ionization) / 4.4.1: |
Mass spectra from CI / 4.4.2: |
Mass spectra from FAB / 4.4.3: |
Mass spectra from MALDI / 4.4.4: |
Mass spectra from APCI / 4.4.5: |
Examples of the interpretation of mass spectra from soft ionization / 4.4.6: |
Interpretation of high resolution mass spectra / 4.5: |
Interpretation of mass spectra from tandem mass spectrometry / 4.6: |
Interpretation of infrared spectra / 5: |
Elementary knowledge of infrared spectroscopy / 5.1: |
Infrared spectrum / 5.1.1: |
Two regions of the infrared spectrum / 5.1.2: |
Characteristic absorption frequencies of functional groups / 5.2: |
Elemental equation of IR spectroscopy / 5.2.1: |
Factors affecting absorption frequencies / 5.2.2: |
Characteristic frequencies of common functional groups / 5.2.3: |
Discussion on the IR spectrum according to regions / 5.3: |
Functional group region / 5.3.1: |
Fingerprint region / 5.3.2: |
Interpretation of IR spectra according to regions / 5.4: |
Interpretation of IR spectra / 5.5: |
Key points for the interpretation of IR spectra / 5.5.1: |
Steps for the interpretation of an IR spectrum / 5.5.2: |
Searching standard IR spectra from IR spectrum collections or websites / 5.5.3: |
Examples of interpreting IR spectra / 5.5.4: |
Identification of unknown compounds or confirmation of structures through comprehensive interpretation of spectra / 6: |
Commonly used method and steps / 6.1: |
DEPT spectrum / 6.1.1: |
COSY spectrum / 6.1.4: |
HMQC (or HSQC) spectrum / 6.1.5: |
HMBC spectrum / 6.1.6: |
Examples for the deduction of the structure of an unknown compound or for the confirmation of an anticipated structure / 6.2: |
List of abbreviations |
Index |