Nanophysics, coherence and transport : École d'été de physique des Houches, session LXXXI, 28 June-30 July 2004, Euro Summer School NATO Advanced Study Institute, École thématique du CNRS | 東京工業大学附属図書館蔵書検索

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Nanophysics, coherence and transport : École d'été de physique des Houches, session LXXXI, 28 June-30 July 2004, Euro Summer School NATO Advanced Study Institute, École thématique du CNRS / edited by H. Bouchiat ... [et al.]

資料種別:

図書

出版情報:

Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2005

形態:

xxxii, 607 p. ; 24 cm

著者名:

ISBN:

9780444520548 [0444520546]

書誌ID:

BA73809753

子書誌情報

フルテキスト

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他の版・巻

書誌詳細

その他の標題:

Les Houches Session LXXXI

ISSN:

09248099

注記:

Includes bibliographical references

言語:

英語

目次情報:

Lecturers

Seminar speakers

Participants

Preface

Fundamental aspects of electron correlations and quantum transport in one-dimensional systems / Dmitrii L. MaslovCourse 1：

Introduction / 1：

Non-Fermi liquid features of Fermi liquids: 1D physics in higher dimensions / 2：

Long-range effective interaction / 2.1：

1D kinematics in higher dimensions / 2.2：

Infrared catastrophe / 2.3：

Dzyaloshinskii-Larkin solution of the Tomonaga-Luttinger model / 3：

Hamiltonian, anomalous commutators, and conservation laws / 3.1：

Reducible and irreducible vertices / 3.2：

Ward identities / 3.3：

Effective interaction / 3.4：

Dyson equation for the Green's function / 3.5：

Solution for the case g[subscript 2] = g[subscript 4] / 3.6：

Physical properties / 3.7：

Renormalization group for interacting fermions / 4：

Single impurity in a 1D system: scattering theory for interacting fermions / 5：

First-order interaction correction to the transmission coefficient / 5.1：

Renormalization group / 5.2：

Electrons with spins / 5.3：

Comparison of bulk and edge tunneling exponents / 5.4：

Bosonization solution / 6：

Spinless fermions / 6.1：

Fermions with spin / 6.2：

Transport in quantum wires / 7：

Conductivity and conductance / 7.1：

Dissipation in a contactless measurement / 7.2：

Conductance of a wire attached to reservoirs / 7.3：

Spin component of the conductance / 7.4：

Thermal conductance: Fabry-Perrot resonances of plasmons / 7.5：

Polarization bubble for small q in arbitrary dimensionality / Appendix A：

Polarization bubble in 1D / Appendix B：

Small q / Appendix B.1：

q near 2k[subscript F] / Appendix B.2：

Some details of bosonization procedure / Appendix C：

Anomalous commutators / Appendix C.1：

Bosonic operators / Appendix C.2：

Problem with backscattering / Appendix C.3：

References

Impurity in the Tomonaga-Luttinger model: A functional integral approach / I.V. Lerner ; I.V. YurkevichSeminar 1：

Functional integral representation

The effective action for the Tomonaga-Luttinger Model

The bosonized action for free electrons

Gauging out the interaction

Tunnelling density of states near a single impurity

Jacobian of the gauge transformation

Novel phenomena in double layer two-dimensional electron systems / J.P. EisensteinCourse 2：

Overview of physics in the quantum hall regime

Basics

Quantized hall effects

Double layer systems

Coulomb drag between parallel 2D electron gases

Basic concept

Experimental

Elementary theory of Coulomb drag

Comparison between theory and experiment

Tunneling between parallel two-dimensional electron gases

Ideal 2D-2D tunneling / 4.1：

Lifetime broadening / 4.2：

2D-2D tunneling in a perpendicular magnetic field / 4.3：

Strongly-coupled bilayer 2D electron systems and excitonic superfluidity

Quantum hall ferromagnetism

Tunneling and interlayer phase coherence at v[subscript T] = 1

Excitonic superfluidity at v[subscript T] = 1

Detecting excitonic superfluidity / 5.5：

Conclusions

Many-body theory of non-equilibrium systems / Alex KamenevCourse 3：

Motivation and outline / 1.1：

Closed time contour / 1.2：

Free boson systems

Partition function

Green functions

Keldysh rotation

Keldysh action and causality / 2.4：

Free bosonic fields / 2.5：

Collisions and kinetic equation

Interactions

Saddle point equations

Dyson equation

Self-energy

Kinetic term

Collision integral

Particle in contact with an environment

Quantum dissipative action

Saddle-point equation

Classical limit

Langevin equations / 4.4：

Martin-Siggia-Rose / 4.5：

Thermal activation / 4.6：

Fokker-Planck equation / 4.7：

From Matsubara to Keldysh / 4.8：

Dissipative chains and membranes / 4.9：

Fermions

Free fermion Keldysh action

External fields and sources

Tunneling current

Kinetic equation / 5.6：

Disordered fermionic systems

Disorder averaging

Non-linear [sigma]-model

Usadel equation / 6.3：

Fluctuations / 6.4：

Spectral statistics / 6.5：

Gaussian integration

Single particle quantum mechanics

Non-linear quantum coherence effects in driven mesoscopic systems / V.E. KravtsovCourse 4：

Weak Anderson localization in disordered systems

Drude approximation

Beyond Drude approximation

Weak localization correction

Non-linear response to a time-dependent perturbation

General structure of nonlinear response function

Approximation of single photon absorption/emission

Quantum rectification by a mesoscopic ring

Diffusion in the energy space

Quantum correction to absorption rate

Weak dynamic localization and no-dephasing points

Conclusion and open questions / 8：

Noise in mesoscopic physics / T. MartinCourse 5：

Poissonian noise

The wave packet approach

Generalization to the multi-channel case

Scattering approach based on operator averages

Average current

Noise and noise correlations

Zero frequency noise in a two terminal conductor

Noise reduction in various systems

Noise correlations at zero frequency

General considerations

Noise correlations in a Y-shaped structure

Finite frequency noise

Which correlator is measured?

Noise measurement scenarios

Finite frequency noise in point contacts

Noise in normal metal-superconducting junctions

Bogolubov transformation and Andreev current / 8.1：

Noise in normal metal-superconductor junctions / 8.2：

Noise in a single NS junction / 8.3：

Hanbury-Brown and Twiss experiment with a superconducting source of electrons / 8.4：

Noise and entanglement / 9：

Filtering spin/energy in superconducting forks / 9.1：

Tunneling approach to entanglement / 9.2：

Bell inequalities with electrons / 9.3：

Noise in Luttinger liquids / 10：

Edge states in the fractional quantum Hall effect / 10.1：

Transport between two quantum Hall edges / 10.2：

Keldysh digest for tunneling / 10.3：

Backscattering current / 10.4：

Poissonian noise in the quantum Hall effect / 10.5：

Effective charges in quantum wires / 10.6：

Higher moments of noise / Bertrand Reulet11：

The probability distribution P(i)

A simple model for a tunnel junction

Noise in Fourier space

Consequences

Effect of the environment

Imperfect voltage bias

Imperfect thermalization

Principle of the experiment

Possible methods

Experimental setup

Experimental results

Third moment vs. voltage and temperature

Effect of the detection bandwidth

Perspectives

Quantum regime

Noise thermal impedance

Conclusion

Electron subgap transport in hybrid systems combining superconductors with normal or ferromagnetic metals / F.W.J. HekkingCourse 6：

NS junctions in the clean limit

Single particle tunnelling in a tunnel junction

Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations

Disordered NIS junctions

Perturbation theory for NIS junction

Example: quasi-one-dimensional diffusive wire connected to a superconductor

Subgap noise of a superconductor-normal-metal tunnel interface

Tunnelling in a three-terminal system containing ferromagnetic metals

Co-tunnelling and crossed Andreev tunnelling rates

Discussion

Low-temperature transport through a quantum dot / Leonid I. Glazman ; Michael PustilnikCourse 7：

Model of a lateral quantum dot system

Thermally-activated conduction

Onset of Coulomb blockade oscillations

Coulomb blockade peaks at low temperature

Activationless transport through a blockaded quantum dot

Inelastic co-tunneling

Elastic co-tunneling

Kondo regime in transport through a quantum dot

Effective low-energy Hamiltonian

Linear response

Weak coupling regime: T[subscript K double less-than sign] T [double less-than sign delta]E

Strong coupling regime: T [double less-than sign] T[subscript K]

Beyond linear response

Splitting of the Kondo peak in a magnetic field

Kondo effect in quantum dots with large spin / 5.7：

Concluding remarks

Transport through quantum point contacts / Yigal MeirSeminar 3：

Spin-density-functional calculations

The Anderson model

Results

Current noise

Transport at the atomic scale: Atomic and molecular contacts / A. Levy Yeyati ; J.M. van RuitenbeekCourse 8：

Parity oscillations in atomic chains

Superconducting quantum point contacts

The Hamiltonian approach

Comparison to experimental results

Environmental effects

Classical phase diffusion

Dynamical Coulomb blockade

Single-molecule junctions

Solid State Quantum Bit Circuits / Daniel Esteve ; Denis VionCourse 9：

Why solid state quantum bits?

From quantum mechanics to quantum machines

Quantum processors based on qubits

Atom and ion versus solid state qubits / 1.3：

Electronic qubits / 1.4：

Qubits in semiconductor structures

Kane's proposal: nuclear spins of P impurities in silicon

Electron spins in quantum dots

Charge states in quantum dots

Flying qubits

Superconducting qubit circuits

Josephson qubits

How to maintain quantum coherence?

The quantronium circuit

Relaxation and dephasing in the quantronium

Readout

Coherent control of the qubit

Ultrafast 'DC' pulses versus resonant microwave pulses

NMR-like control of a qubit

Probing qubit coherence

Relaxation

Decoherence during free evolution

Decoherence during driven evolution

Qubit coupling schemes

Tunable versus fixed couplings

A tunable coupling element for Josephson qubits

Fixed coupling Hamiltonian

Control of the interaction mediated by a fixed Hamiltonian

Running a simple quantum algorithm

Conclusions and perspectives

Abstracts of seminars presented at the School

Lecturers

Seminar speakers

Participants

Preface

Fundamental aspects of electron correlations and quantum transport in one-dimensional systems / Dmitrii L. MaslovCourse 1：

Introduction / 1：

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