| Lecturers |
| Participants |
| Préface |
| Preface |
| Contents |
| Some Quantitative Aspects of Galactic and Extragalactic Infrared Astronomy / M. HarwitCourse 1： |
| Introduction / 1： |
| Energy dissipation in cosmic clouds / 2： |
| Impurities / 3： |
| Population of excited states / 4： |
| Cooling rates / 5： |
| Grains and ices / 6： |
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons / 7： |
| Grain formation / 8： |
| Cooling of dense clouds by grain radiation / 9： |
| The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect / 10： |
| The diffuse extragalactic background, cosmic metallicity, and star formation / 11： |
| Background observations / 12： |
| Contributions from discrete sources / 13： |
| Star formation rates, metallicity, and energy production / 14： |
| Must most of the energy production have occurred at low red shifts z? / 15： |
| A Single star burnt at red shift z / 15.1： |
| Continuous formation of massive stars / 15.2： |
| Low-mass stars / 15.3： |
| Directly observed star formation / 15.4： |
| The epoch from which the bulk of the integrated background radiation reaches us / 16： |
| Overviewof the ISO Mission / M.F. KesslerCourse 2： |
| ISO satellite |
| Satellite design / 2.1： |
| Satellite observing modes / 2.2： |
| Satellite in-orbit performance / 2.3： |
| Instrument payload |
| Overview of instruments / 3.1： |
| The ISO camera: ISOCAM / 3.2： |
| The ISO imaging photopolarimeter: ISOPHOT / 3.3： |
| The ISO short wavelength spectrometer: SWS / 3.4： |
| The ISO long wavelength spectrometer: LWS / 3.5： |
| Orbit |
| Operations |
| Operations design / 5.1： |
| Observing time / 5.2： |
| Operations performance / 5.3： |
| Scientific highlights |
| The ISO legacy |
| ISO data in general / 7.1： |
| The ISO data archive / 7.2： |
| Using the ISO data archive / 7.3： |
| Software tools and overall documentation / 7.4： |
| Plans until end 2001 / 7.5： |
| Conclusions |
| Data Analysis with ISOCAM / J.L. StarkCourse 3： |
| ISOCAM data calibration |
| Cosmic ray impact suppression |
| Dark subtraction for the LW channel |
| Flat field correction |
| Stabilization / 2.4： |
| Jitter / 2.5： |
| Field of view distortion correction / 2.6： |
| Source detection in ISOCAM images |
| Source detection from the wavelet transform |
| ISOCAM faint source detection: The PRETI method |
| Calibration from pattern recognition / 3.3.1： |
| Example / 3.3.3： |
| Image restoration using the wavelet transform |
| Image filtering / 4.1： |
| Image deconvolution / 4.2： |
| Conclusion |
| ISO Observations of Solar-System Objects / T. EncrenazCourse 4： |
| Mars |
| Giant planets |
| The D/H ratio |
| The stratospheres of the giant planets |
| External source of oxygen in the giant planets / 3.2.1： |
| Detection of stratospheric hydrocarbons / 3.2.2： |
| Fluorescence emissions in the stratospheres of Jupiter and Saturn / 3.2.3： |
| The tropospheres of the giant planets |
| The 2.7 ?m window |
| The 7-11 ?m spectrum of Jupiter and Saturn |
| The far-infrared spectrum of Saturn |
| The 5-?m spectral window / 3.3.4： |
| Pluto |
| Titan |
| Galilean satellites |
| Comet Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1) |
| Short-period comets |
| Cometary trails |
| Distant comets and Kuiper-Belt objects |
| Asteroids |
| Zodiacal light |
| Conclusions and perspectives |
| Stars and Galactic Structure / H. HabingCourse 5： |
| The complex objects called stars: Well known and still puzzling |
| Outline of these notes / 1.1： |
| Red and Brown dwarfs: Stars of very low mass |
| Calculations of the structure of M-dwarfs and brown giants |
| How they look like: Spectra of red and brown dwarfs |
| The search for red and brown dwarfs: Strategies and results |
| Luminosity function |
| Main-sequence stars: Debris disks and planets |
| The "Vega-effect" |
| The discovery of planets |
| Remnant disks as observed by ISO |
| Red giants |
| Basic properties of red giants: RGB and AGB stars and later episodes |
| Recent calculations of stellar structure and stellar evolution |
| Ab-initio models of the evolution of AGB stars taking mass loss intoaccount / 4.3： |
| "Synthetic" models of the evolution of AGB stars taking mass lossintoaccount / 4.4： |
| And what about double stars? / 4.5： |
| The impact of new observations, especially, but not exclusively, by ISO / 4.6： |
| AGB stars in our Milky Way and in the Magellanic Clouds |
| Concluding remarks |
| Star Formation / A. NattaCourse 6： |
| Collapse of molecular cores |
| Giant molecular clouds and cores |
| Conditions for collapse |
| Free-fall collapse |
| Cloud collapse / 2.3.1： |
| Free-fall accretion / 2.3.2： |
| Collapse of an isothermal sphere of gas |
| Collapse of a slowly rotating core |
| Observable properties of protostars |
| Evidence of infall from molecular line profiles |
| SEDs of protostars |
| The line spectrum of a protostar |
| Protostellar and pre-main-sequence evolution |
| The protostellar phase |
| Pre-main-sequence evolution |
| The birthline |
| Circumstellar disks |
| Accretion disks |
| Properties of steady accretion disks |
| The velocity field / 5.2.1： |
| Timescales / 5.2.2： |
| Temperature profile and luminosity / 5.2.3： |
| Density structure / 5.2.4： |
| Reprocessing disks |
| Disk-star interaction / 5.4： |
| SEDs of disks |
| Power-law disks / 6.1： |
| Long-wavelength flux and disk mass / 6.2： |
| Comparison with TTS observations: Heating mechanism / 6.3： |
| Flared disks / 6.3.1： |
| Heating by halos / 6.3.2： |
| Disk atmospheres / 6.3.3： |
| Disk properties from observations |
| Mass accretion rate |
| Inner radius |
| Masses |
| Sizes |
| Disk lifetimes |
| Ground-based near and mid-infrared surveys / 8.1： |
| Mid-infrared ISOCAM surveys / 8.2： |
| ISOPHOT 60 ?m survey / 8.3： |
| Surveys at millimeter wavelengths / 8.4： |
| Disk evolution |
| Can we observe the early planet formation phase? / 9.1： |
| Evidence for grain growth / 9.2： |
| Evidence of planetesimals / 9.3： |
| Where is the disk mass? / 9.4： |
| Secondary or debris disks |
| Summary |
| Dust in the Interstellar Medium / by F. Boulanger ; P. Cox ; A.P. JonesCourse 7： |
| The phases of the interstellar medium |
| Abundances |
| Extinction curve |
| Infrared emission from dust |
| Spectral energy distribution |
| Grain temperatures and infrared emission |
| Dust composition as a function of size |
| Interstellar PAHs |
| Small aromatic hydrocarbons in cirrus / 6.1.1： |
| Excitation by stellar light / 6.1.2： |
| Carbon abundance in PAHs / 6.1.3： |
| Band profiles / 6.1.4： |
| Very small grains |
| Large grains |
| Dust processing in the interstellar medium |
| Grain sputtering and shattering in shock waves |
| Physical processes / 7.1.1： |
| Observations / 7.1.2： |
| Grain growth in molecular clouds |
| Dust evolution in clouds / 7.2.1： |
| Dust evolution in photo-dissociation regions / 7.2.3： |
| Dense media around protostars |
| Absorption spectroscopy of embedded sources |
| Dust around young stars |
| Dust formation |
| AGB stars |
| Infrared spectroscopy of AGB and post-AGB stars |
| Carbon-rich sources / 9.3.1： |
| Oxygen-rich sources / 9.3.2： |
| Evolved planetary nebulae / 9.3.3： |
| Dust in SNR and hot stars |
| The life cycle of dust |
| Sources of dust / 10.1： |
| The crystalline-amorphous-crystalline silicate transition / 10.2： |
| Interstellar dust in the solar system / 10.4： |
| Summary and perspectives |
| Normal Galaxies in the Infrared / by G. HelouCourse 8： |
| The study of normal galaxies |
| Galaxies in the infrared: The IRAS ERA |
| Basic parameters and statitics |
| Infrared luminosity / 3.1.1： |
| The infrared-to-blue ratio / 3.1.2： |
| IRAS colors / 3.1.3： |
| Other estimators / 3.1.4： |
| Correlations |
| The infrared-radio connection |
| The "two-component model" |
| ISO reshapes the dust continuum |
| ISO surveys of galaxies |
| Mid-infrared spectra |
| The aromatic features / 4.2.1： |
| The mid-infrared continuum / 4.2.2： |
| High-redshift applications / 4.2.3： |
| Exceptions / 4.2.4： |
| The ISO-IRAS color diagram |
| The global infrared spectrum / 4.3.1： |
| A mid-infrared look within galaxies |
| A walk in the line forest |
| Molecular lines |
| Fine-structure lines |
| Interpreting the PDR lines |
| More studies |
| Tomorrow's infrared galaxies |
| Challenges and prospects |
| Suggestions |
| Active Galaxies / by D. KunzeCourse 9： |
| Starburst galaxies |
| Scales of star formation: From H II regions to starburst galaxies |
| Observational properties of starburst galaxies |
| ISO observations of starburst galaxies |
| The galactic center |
| Active galactic nuclei |
| A unified model for AGNs |
| Massive central black holes |
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