Summary |
Preface |
Symbols and Abbreviations |
Note on Cited Patent Documents |
Introduction |
Evolution of legislation |
Materials used in catalytic converters |
Types of catalytic converters |
Control of catalytic converters during a cold engine start-up |
Electric heaters |
Afterburners |
Fuel burners |
Close-coupled converters |
Secondary converters |
Hydrocarbon adsorbents |
Secondary air |
Other systems to facilitate light-off temperature of catalytic converters |
Oxygen storage |
Monitoring and diagnosing the efficiency of catalytic converters |
Catalytic Converter Functionality Diagnosis by Means of Oxygen or Air/Fuel Ratio Sensors / Part 1: |
[lambda]-probe and UEGO sensor operation principles |
Control of engine air/fuel ratio |
Robert Bosch GmbH / 1.1: |
Daimler-Benz AG / 1.2: |
Ford Motor Co. - Ford France SA - Ford Werke AG - Ford Motor Co. Canada - Ford Motor Co. Ltd. / 1.3: |
Engines with multiple cylinder groups |
Toyota Motor Co. Ltd. / 1.4: |
Nippon Denso Co. / 1.5: |
Honda Motor Co. Ltd. / 1.6: |
Hitachi Ltd. / 1.7: |
Plurality of catalytic converters arranged in series in the exhaust pipe |
Mazda Motor Corporation / 1.8: |
Siemens Automotive SA - Siemens AG / 1.9: |
NGK Spark Plug Co. / 1.10: |
Suzuki Motor Corporation / 1.11: |
Mitsbishi Motors Corporation - Mitsubishi Electric Corporation / 1.12: |
Nissan Motor Co. Ltd. / 1.13: |
General Motors Corp / 1.14: |
Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd / 1.15: |
Other methods / 1.16: |
Lucas Industries Public Ltd Co. |
Magneti Marelli S.p.A. |
Pierburg GmbH and Co. KG |
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG |
The United States Environmental Protection Agency |
Weegen, Rainer |
FIAT Auto S.p.A. |
Volkswagen AG |
Roth-Technik GmbH and Co. Forschung fur Automobil- und Umwelttechniek |
Unisia Jecs Corp |
FEV Motortechnik GmbH and Co. |
Hyundai Motor Co. |
Osaka Gas Co. Ltd. |
Automobiles Peugeot - Automobiles Citroen |
Volvo AB |
Denso Corp |
VDO Adolf Schindling AG |
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault SA |
Deutsche Fernsprecher GmbH Marburg |
Catalytic Converter Functionality Diagnosis by Means of Temperature Measurements / Part 2: |
Temperature sensors used in monitoring of catalytic converters |
Emitec Gesellschaft Emmissionstechnik fur Emissionstechnologie - Dr. Ing. H.c.F. Porsche AG / 2.1: |
Nissan Motor Co. / 2.2: |
Siemens AG - Siemens Automotive SA - Bayerische Motoren Werke AG - Mercedes Benz AG / 2.3: |
NGK Insulators Ltd. / 2.7: |
General Motors Corporation / 2.9: |
Other Methods / 2.10: |
Audi AG |
Universal Oil Products Co. |
Willard R. Calvert, Sr. |
Phywe Systeme GmbH |
Lucas Industries PLC |
Mazda Motor Corp. |
Unisia Jecs Corp. |
NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. |
Other Methods for Diagnosing the Efficiency of Catalytic Converters / Part 3: |
Exhaust gas concentration sensors |
Monitoring and diagnosing set-up |
Volkswagen AG - General Motors Corp. / 3.: |
Hitachi America Ltd. - Hitachi Ltd. / 3.3: |
Monsanto Co. / 3.4: |
Beckman Industries, Inc. |
Technische Universitat "Otto von Guericke" Magdeburg |
Toshiba Corp |
Gutmann Messtechnik AG |
ABB Patent GmbH |
Blanke, J. D. |
Effort Mijdrecht B.V. |
Keesmann, T. |
Iris-GmbH Infrared and Intelligent sensors |
Hagen and Schildkamp Techniek B.V. |
Fuji Heavy Ind. Ltd. |
Toyota Motor Co Ltd. |
Forskarpatent I Linkoping AB |
Komatsu Ltd. |
Leybold AG |
Sun Electric UK Ltd. |
Discussion and Comparison of Existing Methods / Part 4: |
Use of [lambda] or oxygen sensors |
Use of temperature sensors |
Use of exhaust gas concentration sensors |
References |
Patent Number Index |
Inventor Index |
Company Index |
Subject Index |
Summary |
Preface |
Symbols and Abbreviations |