Contributors |
Preface |
Volumes in Series |
Initiation of Autophagy by Photodynamic Therapy / David Kessel ; Nancy L. Oleinick1: |
Introduction |
Photosensitizing Agents / 2: |
Additional Factors Unique to PDT / 3: |
A Typical PDT Protocol / 4: |
Identification and Characterization of Autophagy after PDT / 5: |
Effects of Autophagy on PDT Responses / 6: |
Acknowledgments |
References |
Autophagic Cell Death / Michael J. Lenardo ; Christina K. McPhee ; Li Yu |
Methods to Quantify Cell Death |
Methods to Measure Autophagy |
Methods to Establish Autophagy as the Cause of Cell Death |
Autophagy Genes for RNAi Silencing |
Transfact RNAi by Electroporation (Amaxa Nucleofection) |
Conclusion / 7: |
Autophagic Neuron Death / Yasuo Uchiyama ; Masato Koike ; Masahiro Shibata ; Mitsuho Sasaki |
Experimental Models of Neurodegeneration |
Measurements of Neuron Death |
Assessing Metabolic Stress and Autophagy Status in Epithelial Tumors / Robin Mathew ; Vassiliki Karantza-Wadsworth ; Eileen White |
Mouse Epithelial Cell Models for Studying the Role of Autophagy in Cancer |
Protocols for Monitoring Autophagy in iBMK Cells and iMMECs In Vitro |
Protocols for Monitoring Autophagy in Tumors In Vivo |
Monitoring Chromosomal Instability Due to Autophagy Defects |
Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives |
Autophagic Clearance of Aggregate-Prone Proteins Associated with Neurodegeneration / Sovan Sarkar ; Brinda Ravikumar ; David C. Rubinsztein |
Aggregate-Prone Intracytoplasmic Proteins Associated with Neurodegenerative Disorders are Autophagy Substrates |
Assays for the Clearance of Aggregate-Prone Proteins |
Measurement of Autophagic Flux Using Bafilomycin A1 |
Concluding Remarks |
Acknowledgements |
Monitoring Autophagy in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Neurodegenerative Diseases / Dun-Sheng Yang ; Ju-Hyun Lee ; Ralph A. Nixon |
General Approaches to Investigations of Human Neurodegeneration |
Characterization of Autophagic Vacuoles, Evaluation of Autophagosome and Autolysosome Formation, and Autolysosomal Clearance |
Metabolic Analyses of Autophagy in Neuronal and Nonneuronal Cell Models |
Isolation and Characterization of Autophagic Vacuoles and Lysosomes from Cell Cultures and Brain Tissue |
Western Blot Analysis of Autophagy Components and Substrates |
Live-Cell Imaging of Autophagy Induction and Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion in Primary Cultured Neurons / Mona Bains ; Kim A. Heidenreich |
Cultured Cerebellar Purkinje Neurons as a Model to Study Neuronal Autophagy |
Characterization of Autophagic Vacuole Size and Number in Purkinje Neurons |
Using Colocalization of Fluorescent Tags to Measure Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion |
Using Genetic Mouse Models to Study the Biology and Pathology of Autophagy in the Central Nervous System / Zhenyu Yue ; Gay R. Holstein ; Brian T. Chait ; Qing Jun Wang8: |
Methods |
Analysis of GFP-LC3 Expression and Subcellular Localization in the CNS |
Analysis of p62/SQSTM1 and Ubiquitinated Protein Inclusions in the CNS |
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Analysis of Autophagosomes |
Biochemical and Morphological Detection of Inclusion Bodies in Autophagy-Deficient Mice / Satoshi Waguri ; Masaaki Komatsu9: |
Detection of Ubiquitinated Proteins and p62 in Autophagy-Deficient Mice by Western Blot Analysis |
Detection of Ubiquitinated Proteins and p62 in Cultured Hepatocytes Derived from Autophagy-Deficient Mice |
Detection of Ubiquitin-and p62-Positive Inclusions at the Light Microscopy Level |
Detection of Ubiquitin-and p62-Positive Inclusions at the Electron Microscopy Level |
Analyzing Autophagy in Clinical Tissues of Lung and Vascular Diseases / Hong Pyo Kim ; Zhi-Hua Chen ; Augustine M. K. Choi ; Stefan W. Ryter10: |
Methods for Preparation of Lung and Vascular Cells |
Analysis of Autophagy |
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation |
Conclusions |
Autophagy in Neurite Injury and Neurodegeneration: In Vitro and In Vivo Models / Charleen T. Chu ; Edward D. Plowey ; Ruben K. Dagda ; Robert W. Hickey ; Salvatore J. Cherra ; Robert S. B. Clark11: |
Studying Neuronal Autophagy In Vitro |
Studying Brain Autophagy In Vivo |
Future Perspectives and Challenges |
Monitoring the Autophagy Pathway in Cancer / Frank C. Dorsey ; Meredith A. Steeves ; Stephanie M. Prater ; Thomas Schröter ; John L. Cleveland12: |
LC3: A Phenotypic and Functional Marker of Autophagy |
Assessing the Role of Autophagy in E&umu;-Myc-Driven Lymphoma |
Autophagy Pathways in Glioblastoma / Hong Jiang ; Erin J. White ; Charles Conrad ; Candelaria Gomez-Manzano ; Juan Fueyo13: |
Introduction: Autophagy and Gliomas |
Prioritization of Methods to Characterize Autophagy in Gliomas |
In Vitro Cellular Markers |
In Vitro Biochemical Markers |
Electron Microscopy to Monitor the Autophagic Vacuoles |
In Vivo Analysis of Biochemical Markers |
Autophagy Indicators as Surrogate Markets of Treatment Effect in Clinical Trials |
Future Directions |
Autophagy in Lung Cancer / Jerry J. Jaboin ; Misun Hwang ; Bo Lu14: |
Signal-Dependant Control of Autophagy-Related Gene Expression / Fulvio Chiacchiera ; Cristiano Simone15: |
Overview: Signal Transduction and Chromatin-Associated Kinases |
The p38 Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells |
Methods to Test Kinase Activity |
Profiling Gene Expression Pattern |
Transcriptional Control of ATG Genes |
Analysis of Transcriptional Multiprotein Complexes |
Novel Methods for Measuring Cardiac Autophagy In Vivo / Cynthia N. Perry ; Shiori Kyoi ; Nirmala Hariharan ; Hiromitsu Takagi ; Junichi Sadoshima ; Roberta A. Gottlieb16: |
In Vivo Models of Autophagy in the Myocardium |
Discussion |
Autophagy in Load-Induced Heart Disease / Hongxin Zhu ; Beverly A. Rothermel ; Joseph A. Hill17: |
Mouse Models of Load-Induced Heart Disease |
Analysis of Ventricular Remodeling |
In Vitro Models of Load-Induced Hypertrophy |
Techniques to Analyze Cardiomyocyte Autophagy |
Immunohistochemistry for LAMP-1 or Cathepsin D to Monitor Changes in Lysosomal Abundance |
Isolation of LC3 Proteins from NRVM in Culture |
Isolation of LC3 Protein from Heart of Skeletal Muscle Tissue |
Soluble/Insoluble Fractionation of NRVM |
Perspective |
Evaluation of Cell Death Markers in Severe Calcified Aortic Valves / Wilhelm Mistiaen ; Michiel Knaapen18: |
Clinical Importance of Degenerative Aortic Valve Disease |
Pathological Appearances of AVD |
Mechanism of Progression of AVD |
Autophagy: Major Player in the Progression of Aortic Valve Disease? |
Methods for Detection of Cell Death Markers in the Degenerated Aortic Valve |
Methods for Quantification of Calcified Aortic Valves |
Prospects and Concluding Remarks |
Monitoring Autophagy in Muscle Diseases / May Christine V. Malicdan ; Satoru Noguchi ; Ichizo Nishino19: |
Histological Observation of Skeletal Muscles |
Measuring Autophagy by Protein Quantification |
Monitoring Autophagy in Cultured Skeletal Myocytes |
Electron Microscopy Observation of Skeletal Muscles |
Immunoelectron Microscopy |
Analyzing Macroautophagy in Hepatocytes and the Liver / Wen-Xing Ding ; Xiao-Ming Yin20: |
The Pathophysiological Relevance of Macroautophagy in the Liver |
Analysis of Autophagy in Isolated Hepatocytes |
Analysis of Autophagy in the Liver |
Summary |
Monitoring Autophagy in Lysosomal Storage Disorders / Nina Raben ; Lauren Shea ; Victoria Hill ; Paul Plotz21: |
General Techniques to Monitor Autophagy In LSDs |
LSDs Analyzed for Autophagic Involvement |
Author Index |
Subject Index |