Knowledge Intensive Computer Aided Design: Past, Present and Future / Tomiyama, T. ; Hew, K.P.1.:
Invited Talk / Part 2:
Supporting the Knowledge Life-Cycle / Blessing, L. ; Wallace, K.2.:
Ontology / Part 3:
Ontological Commitments in Knowledge-Based Design Software: A Progress Report / Salustri, F.A.3.:
Classification of Knowledge for Generating Engineering Models -A Case Study of Model Generation in Finite Element Analysis- / Sekiya, T. ; Tsumaya, A.4.:
Design History System: Data Models and Prototype Implementation / Shah, J.J. ; Rangaswamy, S. ; Qureshi, S. ; Urban, S.D.5.:
Knowledge Intensive Cad (Kic) / Part 4:
Modeling of Product Life-cycle Knowledge and Data for an Intelligent Concurrent Design System / Xue, D.6.:
Model Sharing among Agents in a Concurrent Product Development Team / Ozawa, M. ; Cutkosky, M.R. ; Howley, B.J.7.:
Design-to-Manufacture Information Transfer in the Context of Solid Freeform Fabrication Technologies / Rosen, D.W.8.:
An Application of the Knowledge Intensive Engineering Framework to Building Foundation Design / Yoshioka, M. ; Shamoto, Y.9.:
Knowledge Intensive Design (Kid) / Part 5:
Supporting Conceptual Design: A Model for Reflective-Interactive Design / Chan, B. ; Finger, S.10.:
A Knowledge Based Engineering Application to Support Weight Distribution Analysis for IRL Cars / Susca, L. ; Mandorli, F. ; Rizzi, C. ; Cugini, U.11.:
Lens Barrel Design Based On Distributed Knowledge-Base / Bok, K. ; Myung, S. ; Han, S.-H.12.:
Reactivity and Mechanistic Studies of Stereocontrol for Ziegler-Natta Polymerization Utilizing Doubly-Silylene Bridged Group 3 and Group 4 Metallocenes / D. L. Zubris ; D. Veghini ; T. A. Herzog ; J. E. Bercaw1.:
Recent Developments in Lanthanide Catalysts for 1,3-Diene Polymerization / L. Porri ; G. Ricci ; A. Giarrusso ; N. Shubin ; Z. Lu2.:
Siloxy-Substituted Group IV Metallocene Catalysts / Reko Leino ; Hendrik J. G. Luttikhedde3.:
Progress in Polymerization
Advances in Propene Polymerization Using Magnesium Chloride-Supported Catalysts / J. C. Chadwick ; G. Morini ; G. Balbontin ; V. Busico ; G. Talarico ; O. Sudmeijer4.:
Homo- and Copolymerization of Styrene by Bridged Zirconocene Complex with Benz Indenyl Ligand / Toru Arai ; Shigeru Suzuki ; Toshiaki Ohtsu5.:
Random Copolymerization of Propylene and Styrene with Homogeneous Monocyclopentadienyltitanium-Methylaluminoxanes Catalyst / Qing Wu ; Qinghai Gao ; Zhong Ye ; Shangan Lin6.:
Progress in Polymer Design
Advantaged Polyethylene Product Design / J. LaMonte Adams ; George N. Foster ; Scott H. Wasserman7.:
Polyolefin Copolymers Containing p-Methylstyrene Units: Preparation by Metallocene Catalysts and Application in the Functionalization of Polyolefins / T. C. Chung8.:
Progress in Characterization
The Distribution of Asymmetric and Symmetric Chains in Highly Isotactic Polypropylenes / J. C. Randall ; C. J. Ruff ; Masatoshi Ohkura9.:
Short Chain Branching Distribution of Amorphous Ethylene Copolymers / Lecon Woo ; Michael T. K. Ling ; Atul R. Khare ; Stanley P. Westphal10.:
Variable Temperature, Solid-State [superscript 13]C NMR Study of Linear Low-Density Polyethylene / Mingming Guo ; Stephen Z. D. Cheng ; Roderic P. Quirk11.:
Determination of Trimethylaluminum and Characterization of Methylaluminoxanes Using Proton NMR / Donald W. Imhoff ; Larry S. Simeral ; Don R. Blevins ; William R. Beard12.:
Indexes
Author Index
Subject Index
Preface
Progress in Catalysis
Reactivity and Mechanistic Studies of Stereocontrol for Ziegler-Natta Polymerization Utilizing Doubly-Silylene Bridged Group 3 and Group 4 Metallocenes / D. L. Zubris ; D. Veghini ; T. A. Herzog ; J. E. Bercaw1.:
Proteoglycans: Multifunctional ECM and Cell Surface Molecules
Summary
Inductive Phenomena / Matthias Hebrok ; Douglas A. Melton6.:
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Signaling in Endoderm Development
Lung Development and Instructive Signaling
Permissive Signaling during Pancreas Development
Morphogenesis and Tissue Engineering / A. H. Reddi7.:
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
Cartilage-Derived Morphogenetic Proteins
Pleitropy and Thresholds
BMPs Bind to Extracellular Matrix
BMPs: Actions Beyond Bone
BMP Receptors
Responding Stem Cells
Morphogens and Gene Therapy
Biomimetic Biomaterials
Tissue Engineering of Bones and Joints
Future Challenges
Cell Determination and Differentiation / Leon W. Browder8.:
Roles of MRFs during Embryogenesis
Initiation of Skeletal Muscle Development
In Vitro Control of Tissue Development / Part II.:
Mechanical and Chemical Determinants of Tissue Development / Donald E. Ingber9.:
Extracellular Matrix Structure and Function
Pattern Formation through ECM Remodeling
Mechanochemical Switching between Growth and Differentiation
Animal Cell Culture / Gordon H. Sato ; David W. Barnes10.:
Regulation of Cell Behavior by Matricellular Proteins / Amy D. Bradshaw ; E. Helene Sage11.:
Matricellular Proteins
Conclusions
Growth Factors / Thomas F. Deuel ; Nan Zhang12.:
Wound Healing
Role of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Angiogenesis
Other Roles of Growth Factors and Cytokines
Tissue Engineering Bioreactors / Lisa E. Freed ; Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic13.:
Cell-Polymer Constructs
Bioreactor Technologies
Bioreactor Modulation of Tissue Formation
Bioreactor Cultivation of Functional Tissues
Tissue Engineering Bioreactors: State of the Art
Summary and Research Needs
Tissue Assembly in Microgravity / Brian R. Unsworth ; Peter I. Lelkes14.:
Microgravity as a Novel Tissue Culture Venue
Vascularization: Overcoming Size Limitations of Tissue Assemblies
From Single Cells to Tissues in Space
In Vitro Embryology
Gravitational Sensing
Caveats
In Vivo Synthesis of Tissues and Organs / Part III.:
Scale of Functional Deficit: Macromolecule versus Organ / Ioannis V. Yannas15.:
Basic Parameters of the Living Environment during in Vivo Organ Synthesis
Fundamental Design Principles for Tissue and Organ Regeneration Templates
Examples of in Vivo Organ Synthesis
Models for Tissue Engineering / Part IV.:
Organotypic and Histiotypic Models of Engineered Tissues / 16.:
The Collagen Gel Model
Models of Cell Interactions in Collagen Lattices
Other Types of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Models
Vascular Models
Selection of Scaffolds Other Than Gels for Model Systems
Cell Signaling and the Enrichment of Scaffolds
Goals and Uses of Model Tissue and Organ Building
Quantitative Aspects of Tissue Engineering: Basic Issues in Kinetics, Transport, and Mechanics / Alan J. Grodzinsky ; Roger D. Kamm ; Douglas A. Lauffenburger17.:
Molecular Interactions with Cells
Molecular and Cell Transport through Tissue
Cell and Tissue Mechanics
Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering / Part V.:
Patterning of Cells and Their Environment / Shuichi Takayama ; Robert G. Chapman ; Ravi S. Kane ; George M. Whitesides18.:
Soft Lithography
Self-Assembled Monolayers
Microcontact Printing
Microfluidic Patterning
Laminar Flow Patterning
Conclusion and Future Prospects
Cell Interactions with Polymers / W. Mark Saltzman19.:
Methods for Characterizing Cell Interactions with Polymers
Cell Interaction with Polymer Surfaces
Cell Interactions with Polymers in Suspension
Cell Interactions with Three-Dimensional Polymer Scaffolds and Gels
Matrix Effects / Jeffrey A. Hubbell20.:
Extracellular Matrix Proteins and Their Receptors
Model Systems for Study of Matrix Interactions
Cell Pattern Formation by Substrate Patterning
Signal Transduction and Functional Regulation via the Extracellular Matrix
Translation to Working Biomaterial Systems
Polymer Scaffold Processing / Robert C. Thomson ; Albert K. Shung ; Michael J. Yaszemski ; Antonios G. Mikos21.:
Fiber Bonding
Solvent Casting and Particulate Leaching
Membrane Lamination
Melt Molding
Extrusion
Three-Dimensional Printing
Gas Foaming
Freeze Drying
Phase Separation
Polymer/Ceramic Composite Foams
In Situ Polymerization
Biodegradable Polymers / James M. Pachence ; Joachim Kohn22.:
Biodegradable Polymer Selection Criteria
Biologically Derived Bioresorbables
Experimental Biologically Derived Bioresorbables
Creating Materials for Tissue-Engineered Products
Transplantation of Engineered Cells and Tissues / Part VI.:
Approaches to Transplanting Engineered Cells and Tissues / Janet Hardin-Young ; Jeffrey Teumer ; Robert N. Ross ; Nancy L. Parenteau23.:
Developing Workable Strategies
Mode of Action--An Important Design Consideration
Role of the Host
Source of Cells
The Immunology of Nonautologous Cells
Safety Considerations
Cryopreservation / Jens O. M. Karlsson ; Mehmet Toner24.:
Applications of Cryopreservation Technology in Tissue Engineering
Challenges in Cryopreservation Protocol Development
Cryobiology of Cells
Cryobiology of Tissue
Summary and Future Directions
Immunomodulation / Denise Faustman25.:
Origin of the Designer Tissue Concept
Expansion of Research on Designer Tissues
Mechanisms of Graft Survival after Class I Donor Ablation or Antibody Masking
The Launching of Xenogeneic Human Clinical Trials in the United States Using Immunomodulation
Gene Addition
RNA Ablation
Comment
Immunoisolation / Beth A. Zielinski ; Michael J. Lysaght26.:
Technology
Clinical
Future Directions
Engineering Challenges in Immunoisolation Device Development / Efstathios S. Avgoustiniatos ; Haiyan Wu ; Clark K. Colton27.:
Engineering Challenges
Oxygen-Supply Limitations
Theoretical Analysis of in Situ Oxygen Generation
Calculations
Concluding Remarks
Fetal Tissue Engineering / Part VII.:
General Characteristics of Fetal Cells / Dario O. Fauza28.:
The Fetus as a Transplantation Host
Ethical Considerations
Future Perspectives
Pluripotent Stem Cells / Michael J. Shamblott ; Brian E. Edwards ; John D. Gearhart29.:
Differentiation in Vitro
Examples of in Vitro Differentiation and Markers
In Vivo Applications
Summary and Future Prospects
Gene Therapy / Part VIII.:
Gene-Based Therapeutics / Lee G. Fradkin ; J. Dezz Ropp ; John F. Warner30.:
Gene Delivery
Persistent Gene Expression
Safety Considerations for Gene-Based Therapeutics
Large-Scale Production Issues
Breast / Part IX.:
Breast Reconstruction / Kuen Young Lee ; Craig R. Halberstadt ; Walter D. Holder ; David J. Mooney31.:
Cell Types for Soft Tissue Engineering
Materials
Animal Models
Strategies to Enhance the Vascularization of Engineered Tissue
Cardiovascular System / Part X.:
Blood Vessels / Lian Xue ; Howard P. Greisler32.:
Graft Healing
Strategies for the Development of Vascular Grafts
Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts / Susan J. Sullivan ; Kelvin G. M. Brockbank33.:
Synthetic Grafts
In Vitro Blood Vessel Tissue Engineering
In Vivo Tissue Engineering of Blood Vessels
Cardiac Prostheses / Jack W. Love34.:
A Short History of Tissue Heart Valves
The Status of Tissue Valves in 1999
The Issue of Whether to Use a Stent
The Issue of Repair versus Replacement
Speculation about the Future
Recent Developments
The Ideal Valve Repair or Replacement
Cornea / Part XI.:
Biology of the Cornea / Vickery Trinkaus-Randall35.:
Criteria for Keratoprostheses
Development of the Keratoprosthesis
Evaluation of Intact Devices
Other Devices Used to Change the Curvature of the Cornea
Endocrinology and Metabolism / Part XII.:
Bioartificial Pancreas / Taylor G. Wang ; Robert P. Lanza36.:
Theoretical Background
Experiment
Capsule Development
Discussion
Parathyroid / C. Hasse ; A. Zielke ; T. Bohrer ; U. Zimmermann ; M. Rothmund37.:
History of Parathyroid Allotransplantation
Hypoparathyroidism
Microencapsulation
Alginates
Experimental and Clinical Transplantation of Microencapsulated Parathyroid Tissue
Alternative Approaches and Perspectives
Gastrointestinal System / Part XIII.:
Alimentary Tract / Gregory M. Organ38.:
Enterocyte Isolation
Procedural Steps
Liver / Hugo O. Jauregui39.:
Anatomy and Function of the Liver
Liver Failure: Pathophysiological Classification
Mechanisms of HE in Liver Failure
Medical Need for Liver-Assist Devices
Biological Component of Liver-Assist Devices
Liver-Assist Device Configurations
HepatAssist Liver Support System / Claudy Mullon ; Barry A. Solomon40.:
HepatAssist System
Cell Preparation
Clinical Study
Lineage Biology and Liver / Arron S. L. Xu ; Thomas L. Luntz ; Jeffrey M. Macdonald ; Hiroshi Kubota ; Edward Hsu ; Robert E. London ; Lola M. Reid41.:
Liver Organization and Development
Identification, Isolation, and Sourcing of Cells for Tissue Engineering
Sourcing of Human Cells for Tissue Engineering
Microenvironment
Designing Bioreactors for Tissue Engineering
Technical Aspects of Tissue Engineering
Future Considerations
Hematopoietic System / Part XIV.:
Red Blood Cell Substitutes / Thomas Ming Swi Chang42.:
Why Do We Have to Modify Hemoglobin?
Sources of Hemoglobin
Circulating Time of Modified Hemoglobin
Safety of Modified Hemoglobin Blood Substitute
Efficacy of Modified Hemoglobin Blood Substitute
Present Status and Future Research and Development
Lymphoid Cells / Una Chen43.:
Lymphocyte Engineering: Reality and Potential
Concluding Remarks and Prospects for Lymphocyte Engineering
Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Anne Kessinger ; Graham Sharp44.:
Overview of Hematopoiesis: Properties and Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Relevant to Tissue Engineering
Organization of the Stem Cell Compartment
Stromal Microenvironments
Kidney and Genitourinary System / Part XV.:
Renal Replacement Devices / H. David Humes45.:
Basics of Kidney Function
Tissue Engineering Approach to Renal Function Replacement
Genitourinary System / Byung-Soo Kim ; Anthony Atala46.:
Tissue Engineering Strategies in the Genitourinary System
Engineering Genitourinary Tissues
Musculoskeletal System / Part XVI.:
Structural Tissue Engineering / Lawrence J. Bonassar47.:
Materials Development
Structural Tissues
Biomechanics
Bone Regeneration through Cellular Engineering / Scott P. Bruder ; Arnold I. Caplan48.:
Marrow: The Source of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells
Delivery of Osteoprogenitor Cells
Bone Regeneration by MSCs
MSCs and Gene Therapy
Prevention of Age-Related Bone Loss
Articular Cartilage Injury / John M. McPherson ; Ross Tubo49.:
Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation
Commercialization of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation
Alternative Strategies for the Delivery of Cell-Based Therapies for Cartilage Repair
Tendons and Ligaments / Francine Goulet ; Denis Rancourt ; Rejean Cloutier ; Lucie Germain ; A. Robin Poole ; Francois A. Auger50.:
The Need for Bioengineered Tendon and Ligament Substitutes
Histologic Description of Tendons and Ligaments
Production of Bioengineered Tendons and Ligaments
A New Living Bioengineered Ligament Model
Technical Steps to Produce and Analyze Our bACL
Perspectives in Tendon and Ligament Bioengineering
Mechanosensory Mechanisms in Bone / Stephen C. Cowin ; Melvin L. Moss51.:
The Connected Cellular Network
Mechanosensation on the CCN
Questions for Future Research; Socratic Questions
Myoblast Therapy / Joanne C. Cousins ; Jennifer E. Morgan ; Terence A. Partridge52.:
Myoblast-Mediated Gene Transfer
Therapeutic Myoblast Transplantation for Myopathies
Nervous System / Part XVII.:
Protection and Repair of Hearing / Richard A. Altschuler ; Yehoash Raphael ; Jochen Schacht ; David J. Anderson ; Josef M. Miller53.:
Basis for Interventions
Methods of Intervention
Vision Enhancement Systems / Gislin Dagnelie ; Mark S. Humayun ; Robert W. Massof54.:
Visual System: Architecture and (Dys) Function
Possible Approaches to Vision Restoration
Current Approaches
Applications of Engineered Cells and Tissues: Challenges and Tentative Solutions
Toward "2020" Vision
Brain Implants / Lars U. Wahlberg55.:
Naked Cell Implants
Encapsulated Cell Implants
Controlled-Release Implants
Axonal Guidance Implants
Disease Targets
Surgical Considerations
Nerve Regeneration / Eric G. Fine ; Robert F. Valentini ; Patrick Aebischer56.:
Nerve Regeneration and Neural Tissue Engineering
Overview of Neural Regeneration
Experimental Use of Guidance Channels
Biomaterial-Based Approaches to Nerve Repair
Tissue Engineering Approaches to Nerve Repair
Specificity of Nerve Reconnections
Transplantation Strategies for Treatment of Spinal Cord Dysfunction and Injury / Jacqueline Sagen ; Mary Bartlett Bunge ; Naomi Kleitman57.:
Spinal Implants as Axon Bridges
Spinal Implants for Replacement of Specific Cell Populations
Spinal Implants for Provision of Neurotransmitters
Neural Stem Cells / Martin P. Vacanti58.:
Background
Neural Stem Cell Applications in Tissue Engineering
Periodontal and Dental Applications / Part XVIII.:
Periodontal Applications / Neal A. Miller ; Marie C. Bene ; Jacques Penaud ; Pascal Ambrosini ; Gilbert C. Faure59.:
Guided Tissue Regeneration
Bone Substitutes
Dental Implants
Growth Factors and Plasma Proteins
Cell Culture Techniques
Regeneration of Dentin / R. Bruce Rutherford60.:
Dentin
Induction Potential of Dentin
Recombinant Human BMPs Induce Dentin Formation
Delivery Systems
Clinical Considerations
Additional Considerations
Potential Applications of BMP-Induced Dentinogenesis
Skin / Part XIX.:
Wound Repair: Basic Biology to Tissue Engineering / Richard A. F. Clark ; Adam J. Singer61.:
Inflammation
Epithelialization
Granulation Tissue
Wound Contraction and Extracellular Matrix Reorganization
Skin Structure and Function / 62.:
Engineering Skin Tissue
Epidermal Regeneration
Dermal Replacement
Composite Skin Grafts
Dermal Equivalents / Gail K. Naughton63.:
Cell Testing and Establishment of Manufacturing Cell Banks
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Nanoparticles from Low-Pressure and Low-Temperature Plasma / C.D. Johnson ; M. Noh ; H. Sellinschegg ; R. Schneidmiller ; D.C. Johnson
Kinetic Control of Inorganic Solid State Reactions Resulting from Mechanistic Studies Using Elementally Modulated Reactants / E.J. Gonzalez ; G.J. Piermarini
Low Temperature Compaction on Nanosize Powders / W.H. Weinberg ; C.M. Reaves ; B.Z. Nosho ; R.I. Pelzel ; S.P. denBaars
Strained-layer Heteroepitaxy to Fabricate Self-assembled Semiconductor Islands / J.J. McClelland
Nanofabrication via Atom Optics / K.C. Kwaitkowski ; C.M. Lukehart
Nanocomposites Prepared by Sol-Gel Methods: Synthesis and Characterization / Q. Yitai
Chemical Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Materials / D.J. Duval ; S.H. Risbud
Semiconductors Quantum Dots-Progress in Processing / I.T.H. Chang
Rapid Solidification Processing of Nanocrystalline Metallic Alloys / K.L. Choy
Vapor Processing of Nanostructured Materials
Spectroscopy and Theory / J.M. Cowley ; J.C.H. SpenceVolume 2:
Nanodiffraction / M.-I. Baraton
FT-IR Surface Spectrometry of Nanosized Particles / P. Milani ; C.E. Bottani
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Mesoscopic Systems / R.M. Taylor II ; R. Superfine
Advanced Interfaces to Scanning-probe Microscopes / R. Blick
Microwave Spectroscopy on Quantum Dots / E. Meyer ; R. Luthi
Tribological Experiments with Friction Force Microscopy / M. J. Yacaman ; J.A. Ascencia
Electron Microscopy Techniques Applied to Study of Nanostructured Materials and Ancient Materials / K. Ounadjela ; R.L. Stamps
Mesoscopic Magnetism in Metals / D.J. Whitehouse
Tools of Nanotechnology: Nanometrology / V.Gasparian ; M. Ortuno ; G. Schon ; U. Simon
Tunneling Times in Nanostructures / S.B. Sinnott
Theory of Atomic-Scale Friction / D. Ahn
Theoretical Aspects of Strained-layer Quantum-Well Lasers / L.R. Ram Mohan ; I. Vurgaftman ; J.R. Meyer
Wavefunction Engineering: A New Paradigm in Quantum Nanostructure Modeling
Electrical Properties / J. Smolines ; G. PlonerVolume 3:
Electron Transport and Confining Potentials in Semiconductor Nanostructures / M.A. Reed ; J.W. Sleight ; M.R. Deshpande
Electron Transport Properties of Quantum Dots
Electrical Properties of Chemically Tailored Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Microelectronics / R.P. Andres ; S. Datta ; D.B. Janes ; C.P. Kubiak ; R. Reifenberger
Design, Fabrication, and Electronic Properties of Self-assembled Molecular Nanostructures / T.P. Sidiki ; C.M. Sotomayor Torres
Silicon-based Nanostructures / P.V. Kamat ; K. Murakoshi ; Y. Wada ; S. Yanagida
Semiconductor Nanoparticles / F.M. Peeters ; J. DeBoeck
Hybrid Magnetic-Semiconductor Nanostructures / O.I. Micic ; A.J. Nozik
Colloidal Quantum Dots of III-V Semiconductors / V.V. Moshchalkov ; Y. Bruynseraede ; L. Van Look ; M.J. Van Bael ; A. Tonomura
Quantization and Confinement Phenomena in Nanostructured Superconductors / M. Graetzel ; P
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Nanoparticles from Low-Pressure and Low-Temperature Plasma / C.D. Johnson ; M. Noh ; H. Sellinschegg ; R. Schneidmiller ; D.C. Johnson
Kinetic Control of Inorganic Solid State Reactions Resulting from Mechanistic Studies Using Elementally Modulated Reactants / E.J. Gonzalez ; G.J. Piermarini
Low Temperature Compaction on Nanosize Powders / W.H. Weinberg ; C.M. Reaves ; B.Z. Nosho ; R.I. Pelzel ; S.P. denBaars
Strained-layer Heteroepitaxy to Fabricate Self-assembled Semiconductor Islands / J.J. McClelland
Nanofabrication via Atom Optics / K.C. Kwaitkowski ; C.M. Lukehart
Nanocomposites Prepared by Sol-Gel Methods: Synthesis and Characterization / Q. Yitai
Chemical Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Materials / D.J. Duval ; S.H. Risbud
Semiconductors Quantum Dots-Progress in Processing / I.T.H. Chang
Rapid Solidification Processing of Nanocrystalline Metallic Alloys / K.L. Choy
Vapor Processing of Nanostructured Materials
Spectroscopy and Theory / J.M. Cowley ; J.C.H. SpenceVolume 2:
Nanodiffraction / M.-I. Baraton
FT-IR Surface Spectrometry of Nanosized Particles / P. Milani ; C.E. Bottani
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Mesoscopic Systems / R.M. Taylor II ; R. Superfine
Advanced Interfaces to Scanning-probe Microscopes / R. Blick
Microwave Spectroscopy on Quantum Dots / E. Meyer ; R. Luthi
Tribological Experiments with Friction Force Microscopy / M. J. Yacaman ; J.A. Ascencia
Electron Microscopy Techniques Applied to Study of Nanostructured Materials and Ancient Materials / K. Ounadjela ; R.L. Stamps
Mesoscopic Magnetism in Metals / D.J. Whitehouse
Tools of Nanotechnology: Nanometrology / V.Gasparian ; M. Ortuno ; G. Schon ; U. Simon
Tunneling Times in Nanostructures / S.B. Sinnott
Theory of Atomic-Scale Friction / D. Ahn
Theoretical Aspects of Strained-layer Quantum-Well Lasers / L.R. Ram Mohan ; I. Vurgaftman ; J.R. Meyer
Wavefunction Engineering: A New Paradigm in Quantum Nanostructure Modeling
Electrical Properties / J. Smolines ; G. PlonerVolume 3:
Electron Transport and Confining Potentials in Semiconductor Nanostructures / M.A. Reed ; J.W. Sleight ; M.R. Deshpande
Electron Transport Properties of Quantum Dots
Electrical Properties of Chemically Tailored Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Microelectronics / R.P. Andres ; S. Datta ; D.B. Janes ; C.P. Kubiak ; R. Reifenberger
Design, Fabrication, and Electronic Properties of Self-assembled Molecular Nanostructures / T.P. Sidiki ; C.M. Sotomayor Torres
Silicon-based Nanostructures / P.V. Kamat ; K. Murakoshi ; Y. Wada ; S. Yanagida
Semiconductor Nanoparticles / F.M. Peeters ; J. DeBoeck
Hybrid Magnetic-Semiconductor Nanostructures / O.I. Micic ; A.J. Nozik
Colloidal Quantum Dots of III-V Semiconductors / V.V. Moshchalkov ; Y. Bruynseraede ; L. Van Look ; M.J. Van Bael ; A. Tonomura
Quantization and Confinement Phenomena in Nanostructured Superconductors / M. Graetzel ; P
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Nanoparticles from Low-Pressure and Low-Temperature Plasma / C.D. Johnson ; M. Noh ; H. Sellinschegg ; R. Schneidmiller ; D.C. Johnson
Kinetic Control of Inorganic Solid State Reactions Resulting from Mechanistic Studies Using Elementally Modulated Reactants / E.J. Gonzalez ; G.J. Piermarini
Low Temperature Compaction on Nanosize Powders / W.H. Weinberg ; C.M. Reaves ; B.Z. Nosho ; R.I. Pelzel ; S.P. denBaars
Strained-layer Heteroepitaxy to Fabricate Self-assembled Semiconductor Islands / J.J. McClelland
Nanofabrication via Atom Optics / K.C. Kwaitkowski ; C.M. Lukehart
Nanocomposites Prepared by Sol-Gel Methods: Synthesis and Characterization / Q. Yitai
Chemical Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Materials / D.J. Duval ; S.H. Risbud
Semiconductors Quantum Dots-Progress in Processing / I.T.H. Chang
Rapid Solidification Processing of Nanocrystalline Metallic Alloys / K.L. Choy
Vapor Processing of Nanostructured Materials
Spectroscopy and Theory / J.M. Cowley ; J.C.H. SpenceVolume 2:
Nanodiffraction / M.-I. Baraton
FT-IR Surface Spectrometry of Nanosized Particles / P. Milani ; C.E. Bottani
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Mesoscopic Systems / R.M. Taylor II ; R. Superfine
Advanced Interfaces to Scanning-probe Microscopes / R. Blick
Microwave Spectroscopy on Quantum Dots / E. Meyer ; R. Luthi
Tribological Experiments with Friction Force Microscopy / M. J. Yacaman ; J.A. Ascencia
Electron Microscopy Techniques Applied to Study of Nanostructured Materials and Ancient Materials / K. Ounadjela ; R.L. Stamps
Mesoscopic Magnetism in Metals / D.J. Whitehouse
Tools of Nanotechnology: Nanometrology / V.Gasparian ; M. Ortuno ; G. Schon ; U. Simon
Tunneling Times in Nanostructures / S.B. Sinnott
Theory of Atomic-Scale Friction / D. Ahn
Theoretical Aspects of Strained-layer Quantum-Well Lasers / L.R. Ram Mohan ; I. Vurgaftman ; J.R. Meyer
Wavefunction Engineering: A New Paradigm in Quantum Nanostructure Modeling
Electrical Properties / J. Smolines ; G. PlonerVolume 3:
Electron Transport and Confining Potentials in Semiconductor Nanostructures / M.A. Reed ; J.W. Sleight ; M.R. Deshpande
Electron Transport Properties of Quantum Dots
Electrical Properties of Chemically Tailored Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Microelectronics / R.P. Andres ; S. Datta ; D.B. Janes ; C.P. Kubiak ; R. Reifenberger
Design, Fabrication, and Electronic Properties of Self-assembled Molecular Nanostructures / T.P. Sidiki ; C.M. Sotomayor Torres
Silicon-based Nanostructures / P.V. Kamat ; K. Murakoshi ; Y. Wada ; S. Yanagida
Semiconductor Nanoparticles / F.M. Peeters ; J. DeBoeck
Hybrid Magnetic-Semiconductor Nanostructures / O.I. Micic ; A.J. Nozik
Colloidal Quantum Dots of III-V Semiconductors / V.V. Moshchalkov ; Y. Bruynseraede ; L. Van Look ; M.J. Van Bael ; A. Tonomura
Quantization and Confinement Phenomena in Nanostructured Superconductors / M. Graetzel ; P
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Nanoparticles from Low-Pressure and Low-Temperature Plasma / C.D. Johnson ; M. Noh ; H. Sellinschegg ; R. Schneidmiller ; D.C. Johnson
Kinetic Control of Inorganic Solid State Reactions Resulting from Mechanistic Studies Using Elementally Modulated Reactants / E.J. Gonzalez ; G.J. Piermarini
Low Temperature Compaction on Nanosize Powders / W.H. Weinberg ; C.M. Reaves ; B.Z. Nosho ; R.I. Pelzel ; S.P. denBaars
Strained-layer Heteroepitaxy to Fabricate Self-assembled Semiconductor Islands / J.J. McClelland
Nanofabrication via Atom Optics / K.C. Kwaitkowski ; C.M. Lukehart
Nanocomposites Prepared by Sol-Gel Methods: Synthesis and Characterization / Q. Yitai
Chemical Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Materials / D.J. Duval ; S.H. Risbud
Semiconductors Quantum Dots-Progress in Processing / I.T.H. Chang
Rapid Solidification Processing of Nanocrystalline Metallic Alloys / K.L. Choy
Vapor Processing of Nanostructured Materials
Spectroscopy and Theory / J.M. Cowley ; J.C.H. SpenceVolume 2:
Nanodiffraction / M.-I. Baraton
FT-IR Surface Spectrometry of Nanosized Particles / P. Milani ; C.E. Bottani
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Mesoscopic Systems / R.M. Taylor II ; R. Superfine
Advanced Interfaces to Scanning-probe Microscopes / R. Blick
Microwave Spectroscopy on Quantum Dots / E. Meyer ; R. Luthi
Tribological Experiments with Friction Force Microscopy / M. J. Yacaman ; J.A. Ascencia
Electron Microscopy Techniques Applied to Study of Nanostructured Materials and Ancient Materials / K. Ounadjela ; R.L. Stamps
Mesoscopic Magnetism in Metals / D.J. Whitehouse
Tools of Nanotechnology: Nanometrology / V.Gasparian ; M. Ortuno ; G. Schon ; U. Simon
Tunneling Times in Nanostructures / S.B. Sinnott
Theory of Atomic-Scale Friction / D. Ahn
Theoretical Aspects of Strained-layer Quantum-Well Lasers / L.R. Ram Mohan ; I. Vurgaftman ; J.R. Meyer
Wavefunction Engineering: A New Paradigm in Quantum Nanostructure Modeling
Electrical Properties / J. Smolines ; G. PlonerVolume 3:
Electron Transport and Confining Potentials in Semiconductor Nanostructures / M.A. Reed ; J.W. Sleight ; M.R. Deshpande
Electron Transport Properties of Quantum Dots
Electrical Properties of Chemically Tailored Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Microelectronics / R.P. Andres ; S. Datta ; D.B. Janes ; C.P. Kubiak ; R. Reifenberger
Design, Fabrication, and Electronic Properties of Self-assembled Molecular Nanostructures / T.P. Sidiki ; C.M. Sotomayor Torres
Silicon-based Nanostructures / P.V. Kamat ; K. Murakoshi ; Y. Wada ; S. Yanagida
Semiconductor Nanoparticles / F.M. Peeters ; J. DeBoeck
Hybrid Magnetic-Semiconductor Nanostructures / O.I. Micic ; A.J. Nozik
Colloidal Quantum Dots of III-V Semiconductors / V.V. Moshchalkov ; Y. Bruynseraede ; L. Van Look ; M.J. Van Bael ; A. Tonomura
Quantization and Confinement Phenomena in Nanostructured Superconductors / M. Graetzel ; P
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Nanoparticles from Low-Pressure and Low-Temperature Plasma / C.D. Johnson ; M. Noh ; H. Sellinschegg ; R. Schneidmiller ; D.C. Johnson
Kinetic Control of Inorganic Solid State Reactions Resulting from Mechanistic Studies Using Elementally Modulated Reactants / E.J. Gonzalez ; G.J. Piermarini
Low Temperature Compaction on Nanosize Powders / W.H. Weinberg ; C.M. Reaves ; B.Z. Nosho ; R.I. Pelzel ; S.P. denBaars
Strained-layer Heteroepitaxy to Fabricate Self-assembled Semiconductor Islands / J.J. McClelland
Nanofabrication via Atom Optics / K.C. Kwaitkowski ; C.M. Lukehart
Nanocomposites Prepared by Sol-Gel Methods: Synthesis and Characterization / Q. Yitai
Chemical Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Materials / D.J. Duval ; S.H. Risbud
Semiconductors Quantum Dots-Progress in Processing / I.T.H. Chang
Rapid Solidification Processing of Nanocrystalline Metallic Alloys / K.L. Choy
Vapor Processing of Nanostructured Materials
Spectroscopy and Theory / J.M. Cowley ; J.C.H. SpenceVolume 2:
Nanodiffraction / M.-I. Baraton
FT-IR Surface Spectrometry of Nanosized Particles / P. Milani ; C.E. Bottani
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Mesoscopic Systems / R.M. Taylor II ; R. Superfine
Advanced Interfaces to Scanning-probe Microscopes / R. Blick
Microwave Spectroscopy on Quantum Dots / E. Meyer ; R. Luthi
Tribological Experiments with Friction Force Microscopy / M. J. Yacaman ; J.A. Ascencia
Electron Microscopy Techniques Applied to Study of Nanostructured Materials and Ancient Materials / K. Ounadjela ; R.L. Stamps
Mesoscopic Magnetism in Metals / D.J. Whitehouse
Tools of Nanotechnology: Nanometrology / V.Gasparian ; M. Ortuno ; G. Schon ; U. Simon
Tunneling Times in Nanostructures / S.B. Sinnott
Theory of Atomic-Scale Friction / D. Ahn
Theoretical Aspects of Strained-layer Quantum-Well Lasers / L.R. Ram Mohan ; I. Vurgaftman ; J.R. Meyer
Wavefunction Engineering: A New Paradigm in Quantum Nanostructure Modeling
Electrical Properties / J. Smolines ; G. PlonerVolume 3:
Electron Transport and Confining Potentials in Semiconductor Nanostructures / M.A. Reed ; J.W. Sleight ; M.R. Deshpande
Electron Transport Properties of Quantum Dots
Electrical Properties of Chemically Tailored Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Microelectronics / R.P. Andres ; S. Datta ; D.B. Janes ; C.P. Kubiak ; R. Reifenberger
Design, Fabrication, and Electronic Properties of Self-assembled Molecular Nanostructures / T.P. Sidiki ; C.M. Sotomayor Torres
Silicon-based Nanostructures / P.V. Kamat ; K. Murakoshi ; Y. Wada ; S. Yanagida
Semiconductor Nanoparticles / F.M. Peeters ; J. DeBoeck
Hybrid Magnetic-Semiconductor Nanostructures / O.I. Micic ; A.J. Nozik
Colloidal Quantum Dots of III-V Semiconductors / V.V. Moshchalkov ; Y. Bruynseraede ; L. Van Look ; M.J. Van Bael ; A. Tonomura
Quantization and Confinement Phenomena in Nanostructured Superconductors / M. Graetzel ; P
Synthesis and Processing / H.G. Jiang ; M.L. Lau ; V.L. Telkamp ; and E.J. LaverniaVolume 1:
Synthesis of Nanostructured Coatings by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spraying / K.E. Gonsalves ; S.P. Rangarajan ; J. Wang
Chemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Metals, Metal Alloys, and Semiconductors / J. Costa
Membrane Case Studies, Past, Present and Future / J.S. Taylor ; S.J. Duranceau
Sea Water Reverse Osmosis - The Largest Plant in British Waters / N. Marsh ; J. Howard ; F. Finlayson ; S. Rybar
Drinking Water Sources in Kuwait / M. Safar ; Y. Al-Wazzan
Nanofiltration for Colour Removal - 7 Years Operational Experience in Scotland / E. Irvine ; A.B.F. Grose ; D. Welch ; A. Donn
Ultrafiltration for 90 MLD Cryptosporidium- and Giardia-free Drinking Water . A Case Study of the Yorkshire Water Keldgate Plant / F.N.M. Knops ; B. Franklin
Application of a New Generation Microfiltration Process for Large Scale Water and Wastewater Treatment / W.T. Johnson ; A. Patterson
Water Quality and Treatment
The UK System of Approval of Products Used in Contact with Drinking Water / T. Ogunbiyi
Immersed Membranes for Drinking Water Production / P. Cote ; C. Gungerich ; U. Mende
Phosphate and Iron Removal from Seepage and Surface Water by Microfiltration / J.A.M.H. Hofman ; N.C. Wortel ; E.T. Baars ; J.P. van der Hoek
Reuse of Filter Backwash Water as a Source for Drinking Water Production: Piloting and Implementation of a Full-scale Ultrafiltration Plant / A. Brugger ; K. Vossenkaul ; T. Melin ; R. Rautenbach ; B. Golling ; U. Jacobs ; P. Ohlenforst
Improved Performance of Drinking Water Microfiltration with Hybrid Particle Pre-treatment / T. Carroll ; N. Booker
River Trent On Tap -- Comparison of Conventional and Membrane Treatment Processes / B.E. Drage ; J.E. Upton ; P. Holden ; J.Q. Marchant
The Use of Electrodialysis at Amsterdam Water Supply / P.A.C. Bonne ; D.O. Rijnbende
Applying Electrodialysis (EDR) Technology to Underground Water Treatment / E. Sgarbi
Nanofiltration for Drinking Water Treatment from a Eutrophied Lake in Taiwan / H.-H. Yeh ; S.-H. Lin ; S.-J. Kao ; G.T. Wang
Fouling and Cleaning
Membranes and Microorganisms -- Love at First Sight and the Consequences / H.-C. Flemming
Optimising Membrane Performance -- Practical Experiences / L.Y. Dudley ; F. del Vigo Pisano ; M. Fazel
Fouling Characteristics of Membrane Filtration in Membrane Bioreactors / M.H. Thomas ; S.J. Judd ; J. Murrer
Cleaning of Membranes in Water and Wastewater Applications / R. Krack
Water Reuse
Water Reuse for the Next Millennium -- Membrane Treatment at the Millennium Dome / J.H. Khow ; A.J. Smith ; A. Rachwal ; C.V. Meadowcroft
Wastewater Reclamation Case Studies, the Benefits of Outsourced Membrane Systems / D. Threlfall
Comparison between Different Out-to-in Filtration MF/UF Membranes for the Re-use of Biologically Treated Wastewater Effluent / E. Van Houtte ; J. Verbauwhede ; F. Vanlerberghe ; J. Cabooter
Industrial Applications
Sulphate Removal Membrane Technology: Application to the Janice Field / G.H. Mellor ; R.C.W. Weston ; G.F. Bavister ; A. White
Sasol's Experience in the Desalination and Re-use of Acid Mine Drainage and Ash Water / J.G. Nieuwenhuis ; G.H. Du Plessis ; M.P. Augustyn ; B. Steytler ; A.J. Viljoen ; I.W. Van Der Merwe
Recovery of Wool Scouring Effluent Utilising Membrane Bioreator (MBR) Technology as Part of the Activated Sludge System followed by Two-stage Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membrane Concentration / A.R. Bennett
Performance on a Real Industrial Effluent using a ZenoGem MBR / D. Mallon ; F. Steen ; K. Brindle
Membrane Technology in Wood, Pulp and Paper Industries / J. Wagner
Case Studies of Wastewater Re-use for Petrochemical, Power and Paper Industry / B. Durham
Posters
Practical Experience with a Membrane Bioreactor for Wastewater Treatmentsemi-cross-flow Ultrafiltration / S. Gei[sz ligature]ler ; Th. Melin ; P. Ohle ; E. Brands ; M. Dohmann
Treating Highly Coloured Waters: Design Innovations and Implications
Treatment of Leachate by the MBR Process (Membrane Bioreactor) / A.H. Robinson
Operation of a Zero Discharge Wood Pulp Effluent Treatment Plant / G. Bateman
Integration of Maintenance and Operation into the Design of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Networks / H.J. See ; V.S. Vassiliadis ; D.I. Wilson
Microfiltration and Reverse Osmosis of Knostrop Final Effluent / M. Barton
Modelling Temperature and Concentration Polarisation in Ultrafiltration of Non-Newtonian Fluid under Non-isothermal Conditions / S.P. Agashichev
Novel Methods of Hollow Fibre Membrane Integrity Monitoring / S. Williams ; A.J. Merry
Comparison of Chemical Pretreatment Methods for Nanofiltration of Cold, Soft and Humic Waters / J. Yli-Kuivila ; R. Liikanen ; R. Laukkanen
In-situ Ultrasonic Measurement of Fouling and Cleaning Processes in Spiral-wound Membrane Modules / G.-Y. Chai ; A.R. Greenberg ; W.B. Krantz
A Novel Way to Treat Textile Wastewater with Nanofiltration and Adsorption / L. Eilers
Case Studies
Membrane Case Studies, Past, Present and Future / J.S. Taylor ; S.J. Duranceau
Sea Water Reverse Osmosis - The Largest Plant in British Waters / N. Marsh ; J. Howard ; F. Finlayson ; S. Rybar
Top Down Approaches to Fracture J.W. Hutchinson (Harvard Univ., USA) 1
Crack Analogue Models: Applications to Thin Films, Contact Problems, Interfacial Adhesion and Graded Materials S. Suresh (Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., USA) 8
Brittle Fracture and the Breaking of Atomic Bonds P. Gumbsch (Max-Planck-Institut fur Metallforschung, Germany) 14
Simulations of Crack Propagation in Inhomogeneous Materials T. Nakamura and Z. Wang (State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook, USA) 23
Physics and Chemistry of Fracture and Role of Fracture Mechanics in Failure Prevention T. Shoji, Q.J. Peng, Y. Takeda, J. Kwon and M. Takegoshi (Tohoku Univ., Japan) 33
Fretting Fatigue of Ti-6A1-4V Subjected to Blade/Disk Contact Loading H. Murthy, T.N. Farris (Purdue Univ., USA) and D.C. Slavik (GE Aircraft Engines) 41
Coalescence of Multiple Cracks under Biaxial Loading A. Saimoto, Y. Imai and F. Motomura (Nagasaki Univ., Japan) 49
Stress Intensity Factors for Small Subsurface Circular Cracks under Moving Contact Load and Evaluation of Allowable Defect Size C. Sakae, Y. Murakami (Kyushu Univ., Japan) and Y. Ohkomori (Japan Casting & Forging Corp., Japan) 55
Distribution of Stress Intensity Factors along the Crack Front of Three-Dimensional Cracks N. Noda and T. Kihara (Kyushu Inst. Of Tech., Japan) 61
Fracture of Railroad Products and Design Codes H. Sakamoto (Kochi Univ. of Tech., Japan) 67
Analysis of Magneto-Elastic Problem for Infinite Plate Containing Cracked Hole N. Hasebe, X-F. Wang and H. Nakanishi (Nagoya Inst. of Tech., Japan) 73
Fracture Path Prediction Simulations of Dynamic Fracture Phenomena T. Nishioka, S. Tchouikov, J. Furutsuka and T. Fujimoto (Kobe Univ. of Mercantile Marine, Japan) 79
An Experimental Study on Dynamic Crack Propagation by the Method of Caustics K. Arakawa, T. Mada and K. Takahashi (Kyushu Univ., Japan) 87
Non-Linear Crack Mechanics and Its Application to the Evaluation of Effective Range of Linear Fracture Mechanics H. Nisitani and T. Kawamura (Kyushu Sangyo Univ., Japan) 93
Critical Frontal Process Zone Size Estimation on Alumina Using SEVNB Technique S-M. Choi, M. Ebisudani and H. Awaji (Nagoya Inst. Of Tech., Japan) 99
Welding Eigenstrain Analysis for Improvement of the Bead Flush Method (Characteristics of Eigenstrain Distribution) H. Lee, H. Nakamura and H. Kobayashi (Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Japan) 104
Fretting Fatigue Life Simulation using Stress Singularity Parameters and Fracture Mechanics T. Hattori, M. Nakamura and T. Watanabe (Hitachi, Japan) 110
Cavitating Jet Peening for the Improvement of Fatigue Strength H. Soyama, K. Sakaki, H. Kumano and M. Saka (Tohoku Univ., Japan) 118
Molecular Dynamic Study on the Effect of Crystallographic Orientation on Near-Threshold Fatigue Crack Propagation in Iron S .Kubo, M. Misaki and A. Furukawa (Osaka Univ., Japan) 122
Theoretical and Numerical Investigations on the Elastoplastic Stress Singularity at an Interface Edge J-Q. Xu and Y. Mutoh (Nagaoka Univ. of Tech., Japan) 129
Dependence of Elastic-Plastic Stress Singularity Field on Material Combination of Butt-Jointed Plates Subjected Uniform Tension Y. Arai and E. Tsuchida (Saitama Univ., Japan) 135
Finite Element Analysis on Fracture Behavior of the Interface Crack with Plastic Deformation M. Omiya, K. Kishimoto and T. Shibuya (Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Japan) 140
Shape Design of Bonded Dissimilar Materials Using the Condition of No-Singularity Under Mechanical Loading S. Ioka and S. Kubo (Osaka Univ., Japan) 146
Delamination of Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coating Used for Orthopedic Implants Yuki Sugimura (Harvard Univ., USA) 152
Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Edge-Indent Method for Evaluation of Delamination Strength of Coating D. Zhang, M. Kato and K. Nakasa (Hiroshima Univ., Japan) 157
Propagation of Naturally-Initiated Small Interface Debonding Crack in Ni-Based Superalloy Coatings M. Okazaki, K. Tsuchiya and Y. Harada (Univ. of Tokyo, Japan) 163
Relationship between Defect Distribution and Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior of Rotor Material T. Kurimura, H. Yoshida and M. Sugawara (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Japan) 170
Top Down Approaches to Fracture J.W. Hutchinson (Harvard Univ., USA) 1
Crack Analogue Models: Applications to Thin Films, Contact Problems, Interfacial Adhesion and Graded Materials S. Suresh (Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., USA) 8
Brittle Fracture and the Breaking of Atomic Bonds P. Gumbsch (Max-Planck-Institut fur Metallforschung, Germany) 14
prepared under the direction of the ASM International Handbook Committee ; Daniel B. Miracle and Steven L. Donaldson [et al.] ; editorial assistance, Jill Brown [et al.]
出版情報:
Materials Park, Ohio : ASM International, c2001 xx, 1201 p. ; 29 cm
1. Nanostructure fabrication using electron and ion beams Shinji Matsui (Himeji Institute of Technology) 3
2. Information storage using a scanning probe Kiyoshi Takimoto (Cannon Co. Ltd.) 21
3. Single electron tunneling organic devices Tohru Kubota, Shiyoshi Yokoyama, Tatsuo Nakahama, Shinro Mashiko (Communications Research Laboratory), Yutaka Noguchi, and Mitsumasa Iwamoto (Tokyo Institute of Technology) 31
4. Spatial light confinement and laser emission from a gain medium containing dendrimer Shiyoshi Yokoyama and Shinro Mashiko (Communications Research Laboratory) 41
5. Control of molecular selective-assembling on metal surface Takashi Yokoyama (National Institute for Materials Science), Toshiya Kamikado, Shiyoshi Yokoyama, Yoshishige Okuno, and Shinro Mashiko (Communications Research Laboratory) 49
B. NICE Devices
6. Polymer optoelectronics - towards nanometer dimensions Olle Inganaes and Fengling Zhang (Linkoeping University) 65
7. Control of charge transfer and interface structures in nano-structured dye-sensitized solar cells Shozo Yanagida, Takayuki Kitamura, and Yuji Wada (Osaka University) 83
8. Materials and devices for ultrafast molecular photonics Toshihiko Nagamura (Shizuoka University) 105
9. Carrier transport behavior in OLED Tatsuo Mori and Teruyoshi Mizutani (Nagoya University) 133
10. Electrical characterization of organic semiconductor films by in situ field-effect measurements Kazuhiro Kudo (Chiba University) 157
C. Smart Soft Materials
11. Introducing ruber into the Langmuir-Blodgett technique H. Xu, R. Heger, F. Mallwitz, M. Blankenhagel, C. Peyratout, and Werner A. Goedel (University of Ulm and Max-Planck-Institut fuer Kolloid- & Grenzflaechenforschung) 183
12. Design of functional interface between living systems and semiconductor nano-structures Motomu Tanaka (Technische Universitaet Muenchen) 191
13. Structural color forming system composed of polypeptide-based LB films Takatoshi Kinoshita (Nagoya Institute of Technology), Shujiro Hayashi, Yoshiyuki Yokogawa (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology), and Shintaro Washizu (Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd.) 233
14. Generation of a strong dipole layer and its function by using helical peptide molecular assemblies Shunsaku Kimura, Tomoyuki Morita, and Kazuya Kitagawa (Kyoto University) 253
D. Interfacial Dynamic Technology
15. Guided mode studies of liquid crystal layers Fuzi Yang (Tsinghua University) and J.R. Sambles (University of Exeter) 271
16. Explanation of the static and dynamic director orientation in thin nematic liquid crystal films using deuterium NMR spectroscopy Akihiko Sugimura (Osaka Sangyo University) and Geoffrey R. Luckhurst (University of Southampton) 313
17. MDC-SHG spectroscopy of organic monolayer film Atsushi Tojima, Ryouhei Hiyoshi, Takaaki Manaka, Mitsumasa Iwamoto (Tokyo Institute of Technology), and Ou-Yang Zhongcan (Academia Sinica) 351
18. Light-driven dynamic controls in nano-hybrid materials Takahiro Seki (Tokyo Institute of Technology) 377
E. Fabrication and Characterization Technology
19. Solvent-induced morphology in nano-structures Bin Cheng, Hongtao Cui, Brian R. Stoner, and Edward T. Samulski (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) 399
20. Polarons in conjugated polymer and its composite with fullerene Kazuhiro Marumoto and Shin-ichi Kuroda (Nagoya University) 411
21. Characterization of semiconductor surfaces with noncontact atomic force microscopy Seizo Morita and Yasuhiro Sugawara (Osaka University) 429
22. Transport and photocarrier generation in poly(3-alkylthiophene) and metal junctions Keiichi Kaneto, Koichi Rikitake, and Wataru Takashima (Kyushu Institute of Technology) 455
23. Thermochromic behavior in novel conducting polymers at the solid-liquid phase transition Mitsuyoshi Onoda and Kazuya Tada (Himeji Institute of Technology) 479
Chemistry with Nanoparticles: Linking of Ring- and Ball-Shaped Species P. Koegerler and A. Mueller 1
Prospects for Rational Assembly of Composite Polyoxometalates N. Belai, M.H. Dickman, K.-C. Kim, A. Ostuni, M.T. Pope, M. Sadakane, J.L. Samonte, G. Sazani, and K. Wassermann 17
Composite Materials Derived from Oxovanadium Sulfates M.I. Khan, S. Cevik, and R.J. Doedens 27
Solid State Coordination Chemistry: Bimetallic Organophosphonate Oxide Phases of the M/Cu/O/RPO32-Family (M=V, Mo) R.C. Finn and J. Zubieta 39
Polyoxothiomolybdates Derived from the {Mo2O2S2(H2O)6}2τ Building Unit F. Secheresse , E. Cadot, A. Dolbecq-Bastin, and B. Salignac 59
Lanthanide Polyoxometalates: Building Blocks for New Materials Q. Luo, R.C. Howell, and L.C. Francesconi 73
ORGANOMETALLIC OXIDES AND SOLUTION CHEMISTRY
Dynamics of Organometallic Oxides: From Synthesis and Reactivity to DFT Calculations V. Artero, A. Proust, M.-M. Rohmer, and M. Benard 83
An Organorhodium Tungsten Oxide Cluster with a Windmill-like Skeleton: Synthesis of [(Cp*Rh)4W4O16] and Direct Observation by ESI-MS of an Unstable Intermediate [Cp*RhClWO4] K. Nishikawa, K. Kido, H. Yoshida, T. Nishioka, I. Kinoshita, B.K. Breedlove, Y. Hayashi, A. Uehara, and K. Isobe 97
Role of Alkali-metal Cation Size in Electron Transfer to Solvent-separated 1:1 [(M+)(POM)] (M+=Li+,Na+, K+) Ion Pairs I.A. Weinstock, V.A. Grigoriev, D. Cheng, and C.L. Hill 103
New Classes of Functionalized Polyoxometalates: Organo-nitrogen Derivatives of Lindqvist Systems A.R. Moore, H. Kwen, C.G. Hamaker, T.R. Mohs, A.M. Beatty, B. Harmon, K. Needham, and E.A. Maatta 129
Polyoxometalates Speciation - Ionic Medium Dependence and Complexation to Medium Ions L. Pettersson 139
Some Smaller Polyoxoanions: Their Synthesis and Characterization in Solution H. Nakano, T. Ozeki, and A. Yagasaki 149
MAGNETIC, BIOLOGICAL, AND CATALYTIC INTERACTIONS
Polyoxometalates: From Magnetic Models to Multifunctional Materials J.M. Clemente-Juan, M. Clemente-Leon, E. Coronado, A. Forment, A. Gaita, C.J. Gomez-Garcia, and E. Martinez-Ferrero 157
Magnetic Exchange Coupling and Potent Antiviral Activity of [(VO)3(SbW9O33)2]12- T. Yamase, B. Botar, E. Ishikawa, F. Fukaya, and S. Shigeta 169
Tetravanadate, Decavanadate, Keggin and Dawson Oxotungstates Inhibit Growth of S. cerevisiae D.C. Crans, H.S. Bedi, S. Li, B. Zhang, K. Nomiya, N.C. Kasuga, Y. Nemoto, K. Nomura, K. Hashino, Y. Sakai, Y. Tekeste, G. Sebel, L.-A.E. Minasi, J.J. Smee, and G.R. Willsky 181
Selective Oxidation of Hydrocarbons with Molecular Oxygen Catalyzed by Transition-metal-substituted Silicotungstates N. Mizuno, M. Hashimoto, Y. Sumida, Y. Nakagawa, and K. Kamata 197
Transition-metal-substituted Heteropoly Anions in Nonpolar Solvents-Structures and Interaction with Carbon Dioxide J. Paul, P. Page, P. Sauers, K. Ertel, C. Pasternak, W. Lin, and M. Kozik 205
Polyoxometalates and Solid State Reactions at Low Heating Temperatures S. Jing, F. Xin, and X. Xin 217
Structure Determination of Polyoxotungstates Using High-energy Synchrotron Radiation T. Ozeki, N. Honma, S. Oike, and K. Kusaka 225
Index 233
SELF-ASSEMBLY AND NANOSTRUCTURES
Chemistry with Nanoparticles: Linking of Ring- and Ball-Shaped Species P. Koegerler and A. Mueller 1
Prospects for Rational Assembly of Composite Polyoxometalates N. Belai, M.H. Dickman, K.-C. Kim, A. Ostuni, M.T. Pope, M. Sadakane, J.L. Samonte, G. Sazani, and K. Wassermann 17
Chapter 1. Introduction Ei-ichi Yasuda and Michio Inagaki 3
1 A Short History 3
2 Carbon Family 5
3 Carbon Alloys 9
References 11
Part 2. Space Control in Carbon Alloys
Chapter 2. Hybrid Orbital Control in Carbon Alloys Riichiro Saito 15
1 Hybridization in a Carbon Atom 15
2 Defect States and Modifications of the Hybridization 27
3 Spectroscopies for spn Structure 33
4 Conclusions 38
References 38
Chapter 3. Structural Design and Functions of Carbon Materials by Alloying in Atomic and Molecular Scales Morinobu Endo, Takuya Hayashi, Yoong Ahm Kim, Hiroaki Ohta and Sung Wha Hong 41
1. Introduction 41
2. Intercalation Compounds 42
3 Insertion of Li Ions into the Disordered Carbon Materials 44
Chapter 10. X-ray Diffraction Methods to Study Crystallite Size and Lattice Constants of Carbon Materials Minoru Shiraishi and Michio Inagaki 161
1. Introduction 161
2 Measurement Method (JSPS Method) 162
3 Characterization of Carbonized Materials Heat-treated at Low Temperatures 170
References 173
Chapter 11. Pore Structure Analyses of Carbons by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Keiko Nishikawa 175
1. Introduction 175
2. Fundamentals of Small-Angle X-ray Scattering 176
3 Analyses 180
4 Examples of Structure Determination 183
References 187
Chapter 12. XAFS Analysis and Applications to Carbons and Catalysts Hiromi Yamashita 189
1 Introduction 189
2 XAFS Analysis 190
3 Applications to Carbon Related Materials and Catalysts 200
4 XAFS in the Future 207
References 207
Chapter 13. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and its Application to Carbon Noboru Suzuki 211
1 Introduction and XPS 211
2 C1s Binding Energy 212
3 Application to Carbon Materials 212
References 220
Chapter 14. Transmission Electron Microscopy Hiroyasu Saka 223
1 Introduction 223
2 Materials Characterization by Means of TEM 223
3 Specimen Preparation by FIB 231
4 In-Situ Heating Experiment 235
References 238
Chapter 15. Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy and its Applications to Characterization of Carbon Materials Hisako Hirai 239
1 Introduction 239
2 Basic Principles of EELS and Instrumentation 240
3 The Energy-Loss Spectrum 242
4 Applications to Characterizing Carbon Materials 249
5. Conclusions: The Future of EELS 254
References 255
Chapter 16. Visualization of the Atomic-scale Structure and Reactivity of Metal Carbide Surfaces Using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Ken-ichi Fukui, Rong-Li Lo and Yasuhiro Iwasawa 257
1 Introduction 257
2 Principle of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) 259
3 Preparation of Mo2C Surfaces 259
4 Visualization of the Atomic-scale Structure and Reactivity of Molybdenum Carbide Surfaces by STM 260
5 Conclusions and Future Prospects 265
References 266
Chapter 17. Infra-Red Spectra, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, and Proton Magnetic Thermal Analysis Osamu Ito, Tadaaki Ikoma and Richard Sakurovs 269
1 Infra-Red (IR) Spectra 269
2 EPR 276
3 Proton Magnetic Resonance Thermal Analysis (PMRTA) 281
References 283
Chapter 18. Raman Spectroscopy as a Characterization Tool for Carbon Materials Masato Kakihana and Minoru Osada 285
1 Introduction 285
2 Raman Spectra of Carbon Materials 288
3 Remarks about Raman Measurements 290
4 Recent Raman Studies of Carbon Materials 292
References 297
Chapter 19. Basics of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and its Application to Carbon Alloys Takashi Nishizawa 299
1 Introduction 299
2 Apparatus 299
3 Basics of NMR for Spin 1/2 Nucleus 300
4 Characterization of Pitch 308
5 Solid-state 7Li-NMR 313
References 318
Chapter 20. Gas Adsorption Yohko Hanzawa and Katsumi Kaneko 319
1 Adsorption, Absorption, Occlusion and Storage 319
2 Classification of Pores and Porosity 320
3 Selection of an Adsorbate Molecule 321
4 Surface Structure and the Adsorption Isotherm 324
References 331
Chapter 21. Electrochemical Characterization of Carbons and Carbon Alloys Tsuyoshi Nakajima 335
1 Introduction 335
2 Characterization Techniques 336
3 Electrochemical Characterization of Carbon Alloys 340
4 Conclusions 349
References 349
Chapter 22. Mechanical Probe for Micro-/Nano-characterization Mototsugu Sakai 351
1 Introduction 351
2 Theoretical Considerations 353
3 Experimental Details 360
4 Application to Carbon-related Materials 364
5 Concluding Remarks 380
References 382
Chapter 23. Magnetism of Nano-graphite Toshiaki Enoki, Bhagvatula L.V. Prasad, Yoshiyuki Shibayama, Kazuyuki Takai and Hirohiko Sato 385
1 Introduction 385
2 Conversion from Diamond to Graphite in Nano-scale Dimension 386
3 Nano-graphite Network 389
4 Fluorinated Nano-graphite 392
References 393
Chapter 24. Magnetoresistance and its Application to Carbon and Carbon Alloys Yoshihiro Hishiyama 395
1 Introduction 395
2 Background for the Magnetoresistance Measurement 395
3 Measurement of Magnetoresistance 400
4 Application of Magnetoresistance Technique for Synthesis of High-Quality Graphite Film from Aromatic Polyimide Film 403
5 Negative Magnetoresistance in Boron-doped Graphites 409
References 413
Part 5. Function Developments and Application Potentials
Chapter 25. Applications of Advanced Carbon Materials to the Lithium Ion Secondary Battery Morinobu Endo and Yoong Ahm Kim 417
1 Introduction 417
2 Characteristics of Li-ion Secondary Battery 420
3 Carbon and Graphite Host Materials 420
4 Lithium/Graphite Intercalation Compounds 421
5 Voltage Profiles of Carbon Electrodes 424
6 Effect of Microstructure of Carbon Anode on the Capacity 426
Chapter 27. Electric Double Layer Capacitors Soshi Shiraishi 447
1 Introduction 447
2 Influence of Pore Size Distribution of ACFs on Double Layer Capacitance 449
3 Double Layer Capacitance of Other Carbon Materials 454
4 Conclusion 456
References 456
Chapter 28. Field Electron Emissions from Carbon Nanotubes Yahachi Saito, Koichi Hata and Sashiro Uemura 459
1 Introduction 459
2 FEM Study of Nanotubes 460
3 Nanotube-based Display Devices 465
References 468
Chapter 29. Gas Separations with Carbon Membranes Katsuki Kusakabe and Shigeharu Morooka 469
1 Properties of Carbon Membranes 469
2 Preparation of Carbon Membranes 472
3 Permeances of Molecular Sieving Carbon Membranes 474
4 Oxidation of Molecular Sieving Carbon Membranes 478
5 Separation Based on Surface Flow 480
6 Conclusions 481
References 481
Chapter 30. Property Control of Carbon Materials by Fluorination Hidekazu Touhara 485
1 Introduction 485
2 Control of Carbon Properties by Fluorination 486
3 The Chemistry of Carbon Nanotubes with Fluorine and Carbon Alloying by Fluorination 487
References 497
Chapter 31. Preparation of Metal-loaded Porous Carbons and Their Use as a Highly Active Catalyst for Reduction of Nitric Oxide (NO) Kouichi Miura and Hiroyuki Nakagawa 499
1 Introduction 499
2 Sample Preparation 500
3 Carbonization Behavior of the Resins 501
4 Characterization of Metal Loaded Porous Carbons 502
5 Nitric Oxide Decomposition on Metal Loaded Porous Carbons 504
6 Conclusions 512
References 512
Chapter 32. Formation of a Seaweed Bed Using Carbon Fibers Minoru Shiraishi 515
1 Introduction 515
2 Rapid Fixation of Marine Organisms 515
3 Food Chain Through a Carbon Fiber Seaweed Bed 518
4 Formation of an Artificial Bed of Seaweed Using Carbon Fibers 519
References 521
Chapter 33. Carbon/Carbon Composites and Their Properties Tatsuo Oku 523
1 Introduction 523
2 Carbon Fibers and Carbon Coils 524
3 Novel Materials and Control of Micro-structures 527
4 Improvement of Properties and Correlation Between Properties and Microstructures 531
5 Fracture and its Mechanism 538
6 Microstructure Observation 542
7 Concluding Remarks 542
References 543
Chapter 34. Super-hard Materials Osamu Takai 545
1 Super-hard Materials 545
2 Diamond-like Carbon 546
3 Carbon Nitride 552
4 Boron Carbonitride (BxCyNz) 556
5 Conclusion 557
References 557
Contributing authors 559
Subject index 563
Preface
Part 1. Introduction
Chapter 1. Introduction Ei-ichi Yasuda and Michio Inagaki 3
1. Extremely high density recording and its applications
R. Wood, Y. Sonobe, Z. Jin and B. Wilson Perpendicular recording: the promise and the problems (invited paper) 1
H. Muraoka and Y. Nakamura Overview of read/write scheme for perpendicular magnetic recording utilizing single-pole head and double layer media (invited paper) 10
H. Okuda and T. Kurioka Storage technology for television home server (invited paper) 20
2. Perpendicular media I
A. Kuroda, Y. Nishida, A. Nakamura, K. Tanahashi, H. Takano, S. Narishige, H. Aoi and Y. Nakamura Thermal decay estimation of perpendicular magnetic recording 25
K. Motohashi, T. Samoto, S. Yoshida, H. Wako and S. Onodera Magnetic activation volumes of obliquely evaporated Co-CoO tape 30
T. Keitoku, J. Ariake, N. Honda and K. Ouchi Preparation of Co-Cr-Pt alloy film with high perpendicular coercivity and large negative nucleation field 34
T. Onoue, T. Asahi, K. Kuramochi, J. Kawaji, T. Homma and T. Osaka Improvement of signal to noise ratio for Co/Pd multilayer perpendicular magnetic recording media by the addition of an underlayer 40
H. Ohmori and A. Maesaka Magnetic properties and noise characteristics of Co/Pd multilayer perpendicular magnetic recording media 45
J.-Y. Kim, B.-K. Lee, G.-S. Park, M. Uchida, T. Kurosawa, S. Watanabe, J. Ariake, N. Honda and K. Ouchi The effect of Pd buffer layers on magnetic exchange energy of Co/Pd multilayered films for perpendicular magnetic recording 53
K. Tanahashi, N. Shimizu, A. Kikukawa, Y. Takahashi, Y. Honda, A. Ishikawa and M. Futamoto Low-noise CoCrPt/FeTaC double-layered perpendicular media with NiTaZr intermediate layer 59
F. Nakamura, T. Hikosaka and Y. Tanaka Low noise multi-layered FeAlSi soft magnetic films for perpendicular magnetic recording media 64
A. Kikukawa, K. Tanahashi, Y. Honda, Y. Hirayama and M. Futamoto Distributions and characteristics of spike noise 68
H. Nakagawa, Y. Honda, A. Kikukawa, K. Tanahashi, A. Ishikawa and M. Futamoto Effects of thin carbon intermediate layer on magnetic and structural properties of perpendicular recording media 73
I. Tamai, T. Yamamoto, A. Kikukawa, K. Tanahashi、A. Ishikawa and M. Futamoto Improvement of the crystallographic orientation of double-layered perpendicular recording media by using CoCr(Mo)/Cu intermediate layers 78
T. Onoue, J. Kawaji, K. Kuramochi, T. Asahi and T. Osaka Effect of underlayers on magnetic properties of Co/Pd multilayer perpendicular magnetic recording media 82
T. Asahi, K. Kuramochi, J. Kawaji, T. Onoue, T. Osaka, and M. Saigo Analysis of microstructures for Co/Pd multilayer perpendicular magnetic recording media with carbon underlayer 87
E.W. Soo, J.P. Wang, C.J. Sun, Y.F. Xu, T.C. Chong and G.M. Chow The effects of NiP seed layer in Co-alloy perpendicular thin film media 93
H. Okuo, T. Onoue, T. Asahi and T. Osaka Relationship between surface energy and preferred orientation of CoCr alloy magnetic thin films deposited on C and TiCr underlayers 98
Y. Ikeda, Y. Sonobe, G. Zeltzer, B.K. Yen, K. Takano, H. Do and P. Rice Microstructure study of CoCrPt/Ti/NiAl perpendicular media 104
G. Yan, J. Ariake, T. Kiya, N. Honda and K. Ouchi (CoxFe100-x)-Hf-O granular films as back layers for perpendicular recording media 110
G. Safran, J. Ariake, N. Honda, K. Ouchi, Z. Czigany, P.B. Barna, M. Menyhard and G. Radnoczi XTEM and AES study of the microstructure for high density Co-Cr-Nb-Pt double layered perpendicular magnetic recording media 115
S. Saito, Y. Hatta and M. Takahashi Variation of Magnetic properties along the film thickness in perpendicular thin film media investigated by optical method 120
Y. Honda, K. Tanahashi, Y. Hirayama, A. Kikukawa and M. Futamoto MFM study of magnetic interaction between recording and soft magnetic layers 126
S. Yamamoto, H. Wada, H. Kurisu and M. Matsuura High-rate deposition of Co-Cr films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by ECR sputtering 133
R.J.M. van de Veerdonk, G. Ju, E.B. Svedberg, D. Weller, S. Tamaru, J.T. Wolfson and J.A. Bain Real-time observation of sub-nanosecond magnetic switching in perpendicular multilayers 138
3. Perpendicular media II and HDI
M. Uchida, T. Suzuki and K. Ouchi Preparation of Fe-Pt perpendicular double-layered media with high electric resistivity backlayer 143
S. Ishio, N. Mori, T. Yoshino, H. Saito, T. Suzuki and K. Ohuchi Magnetic anisotropy field Hk and domain structure in Llo FexPt1-x films 148
Y. Tateno and K. Iwasaki Interparticle interaction and magnetic anisotropy in vacuum evaporated Co-O perpendicular magnetic thin film 153
T. Suzuki, T. Tanaka and K. Ikemizu High density recording capability for advanced particulate media 159
T. Ito, O. Kitakami, Y. Shimada, Y. Kamo and S. Kikuchi Enhanced grain growth of magnetic granules in Co/oxide granular films 165
K. Kakizaki, H. Watanabe and N. Hiratsuka The effect of AlN underlayer on c-axis orientation of barium ferrite thin films for perpendicular magnetic recording media 169
T. Aoyama, S. Okawa, K. Hattori, H. Hatate, Y. Wada, K. Uchiyama, T. Kagotani, H. Nishio and I. Sato Fabrication and magnetic properties of CoPt perpendicular patterned media 174
O. Kitakami, M. Ichijo and H. Daimon Lubrication of surface oxidized Co-Cr thin films by phosphoric and phosphorous acid esters 179
Y. Ohchi and F. Tojyou The characterization of lubricant on ME tape by TOF-SIMS analysis 183
4. Heads and soft magnetic materials
K. Ise, K. Yamakawa and K. Ouchi Writing performances of cusp-field single-pole head 187
M. Mochizuki, Y. Nishida, Y. Kawato, T. Okada, T. Kawabe and H. Takano Study on the write-field profile and intensity of narrow-track-width SPT head 191
W. Seiko, Y. Hoshi and H. Shimizu Fe and Fe-N films sputter deposited at liquid nitrogen temperature 196
K. Machida, N. Hayashi, Y. Miyamoto, T. Tamaki and H. Okuda Yoke-type TMR head with front-stacked gap for perpendicular magnetic recording 201
H. Fukuzawa, K. Koi, H. Tomita, H.N. Fuke, Y. Kamiguchi, H. Iwasaki and M. Sahashi NOL specular spin-valve heads using an ultrathin CoFe free layer 208
S.-i. Wakana, T. Nagai, and Y. Sakata Wide bandwidth scanning Kerr microscope based on optical sampling technique using externally triggerable pulse laser diode 213
S. Yamamoto, S. Horie, N. Tanamachi, H. Kurisu and M. Matsuura Fabrication of high-permeability ferrite by spark-plasma-sintering method 218
M. Naoe, K. Hamaya, N. Fujiwara, T. Taniyama, Y. Kitamoto and Y. Yamazaki Selective dry etching of manganite thin films for high sensitive magnetoresistive sensors 223
5. Review and concept of perpendicular magnetic recording
S.-i. Iwasaki Discoveries that guided the beginning of perpendicular magnetic recording (invited paper) 227
J.H. Judy Past, present, and future of perpendicular magnetic recording (invited paper) 235
6. Read/write performance and drive technologies
H. Takano, Y. Nishida, A. Kuroda, H. Sawaguchi, Y. Hosoe, T. Kawabe, H. Aoi, H. Muraoka, Y. Nakamura and K. Ouchi Realization of 52.5Gb/in2 perpendicular recording (invited paper) 241
S.E. Lambert, B.M. Lairson, H. Nguy, L. Nguyen, T. Huang, J. Adler and S. Gopalaswamy Drive integration challenges for perpendicular recording (invited paper) 245
Y. Tanaka and T. Hikosaka Perpendicular recording with high squareness CoPt-CrO media (invited paper) 253
Y. Okamoto, H. Osawa, H. Saito, H. Muraoka and Y. Nakamura Performance of PRML systems in perpendicular magnetic recording channel with jitter-like noise (invited paper) 259
H. Sawaguchi, Y. Nishida, H. Takano and H. Aoi Performance analysis of modified PRML channels for perpendicular recording systems (invited paper) 265
7. Perpendicular CoCr system media
T. Shimatsu, H. Uwazumi, H. Muraoka and Y. Nakamura Thermal stability in perpendicular recording media (invited paper) 273
M. Futamoto, Y. Hirayama, Y. Honda, A. Kikukawa, K. Tanahashi and A. Ishikawa CoCr-alloy perpendicular magnetic recording media for high-density recording (invited paper) 281
N. Honda and K. Ouchi Low noise design of perpendicular magnetic recording media (invited paper) 289
T.D. Lee, M.S. Hwang and K.J. Lee Effects of magnetic layer thickness on negative nucleation field and Cr segregation behavior in CoCrPt/Ti perpendicular media (invited paper) 297
8. High perpendicular anisotropy media
R.H. Victora, W. Peng, J. Xue and J.H. Judy Superlattice magnetic recording media: experiment and simulation (invited paper) 305
T. Suzuki, T. Kiya, N. Honda and K. Ouchi Fe-Pt perpendicular double-layered media with high recording resolution (invited paper) 312
9. Oxide perpendicular media and exchange coupling
H. Fujiwara, K. Zhang, T. Kai and T. Zhao Effect of direct exchange coupling between antiferro-magnetic grains on magnetic behavior of ferro/antiferromagnetic exchange coupled polycrystalline layer systems (invited paper) 319
T. Hughes, K. O'Grady, H. Laidler and R.W. Chantrell Thermal activation in exchange biased bilayers (invited paper) 329
S. Nakagawa, N. Matsushita and M. Naoe Perpendicular magnetic recording media using hexagonal ferrite thin films deposited on Pt underlayers and interlayers (invited paper) 337
S. Yamamoto, K. Hirata, H. Kurisu, M. Matsuura, T. Doi and K. Tamari High coercivity ferrite thin-film tape media for perpendicular recording (invited paper) 342
Y. Hoshi New sputter-deposition processes for the formation of thin films with desired structure for magnetic recording (invited paper) 347
10. Single-pole heads
K. Yamakawa, K. Taguchi, K. Ise, N. Honda and K. Ouchi Single-pole recording head design for 100 Gbpsi perpendicular magnetic recording (invited paper) 354
J.P. Lazzari Single pole, single turn, probe GMR head and micro-actuator for high-density perpendicular recording (invited paper) 362
Y. Kanai, R. Matsubara, H. Muraoka and Y. Nakamura Write field analysis of narrow-track SPT head fo GHz response (invited paper) 368
S. Tsuboi, H. Matsutera, T. Ishi, N. Ishiwata and K. Ohashi Read/write characteristics of focused-ion-beam-etched heads for perpendicular magnetic recording media (invited paper) 375
11. Read/write characteristics and signal processing
A. Kurose, S. Muramatsu, H. Fusayasu, A. Murata and M. Kobayashi Predicted outputs of a high-frequency carrier-type magnetic head for 100 Gbit/in2 generation 382
S. Tanabe Transition analysis of magnetic recording heads using FDTD 388
D.T. Wilton, H.A. Shute, S.J.C. Brown and D.J. Mapps Approximation of shielded MR head output for perpendicular media 393
K.J. Lee, Y.H. Im, Y.S. Kim, K.M. Lee, J.W. Kim, N.Y. Park, G.S. Park and T.D. Lee Novel simulation model for perpendicular magnetic recording 398
A. Shukh 3D FEM modeling of keeper effect on perpendicular recording 403
J. van Ek, A. Shukh, E. Murdock, G. Parker and S. Batra Micromagnetic perpendicular recording model: soft magnetic underlayer and skew effect 408
E. Miyashita, K. Kuga, R. Taguchi, T. Tamaki and H. Okuda Simulation of magnetization patterns of perpendicular media for ultra-high recording density 413
S.J. Greaves, H. Muraoka, Y. Sonobe, M. Schabes and Y. Nakamura Pinning of written bits in perpendicular recording media 418
Y. Sonobe, D. Weller, Y. Ikeda, K. Takano, M.E. Schabes, G. Zeltzer, H. Do, B.K. Yen and M.E. Best Coupled granular./continuous medium for thermally stable perpendicular magnetic recording 424
T. Kiya, N. Honda, J. Ariake, K. Ouchi and S. Iwasaki Detection of extremely high bit density signals with a narrow track width GMR head in double layered perpendicular recording media 429
H. Shigematsu, H. Muraoka and Y. Nakamura Influence of hard-transition shift on overwrite characteristics in perpendicular magnetic recording 435
C.H. Hee, J.P. Wang, T.C. Chong and T.S. Low Design of highly oriented (HOR) media for extremely high density recording 440
Y. Uesaka, Y. Nakatani, N. Hayashi and H. Fukushima Read/write properties of oriented longitudinal recording media 445
T. Komakine, N. Honda, T. Kiya and K. Ouchi Noise spectrum analysis in perpendicular magnetic recording of double-layered media 450
Y. Nishida, H. Sawaguchi, A. Kuroda, H. Takano, H. Aoi and Y. Nakamura Noise characteristics of double-layered perpendicular media 454
M. Kitano, E. Miyashita, K. Kuga, R. Taguchi, T. Tamaki, H. Okuda, H. Uwazumi, Y. Sakai, A. Kumagai and A, Otsuki MFM analysis of recorded bit patterns of perpendicular media 459
Y. Okamoto, M. Sato, H. Osawa, H. Saito, H. Muraoka and Y. Nakamura MTR coded PRML systems for perpendicular magnetic recording 465
Y. Okamoto, S. Miki, N. Masunari, H. Osawa,H. Saito and Y. Nakamura A study of timing recovery for perpendicular magnetic recording 470
M. Akamatsu, Y. Okamoto, H. Saito, H. Osawa, H. Muraoka and Y. Nakamura Error event analysis in perpendicular magnetic recording using double-layered medium 475
Z. Yuan and B. Liu Double layer magnetic data storage-an approach towards 3D magnetic recording 481
About European Cooperation in COST Chemistry Programs
List of Authors
Microwave-Material Interactions and Dielectric Properties, Key Ingredients for Mastery of Chemical Microwave Processes / Didier Stuerga)1:
Fundamentals of Microwave-Matter Interactions / 1.1:
Key Ingredients for Mastery of Chemical Microwave Processes / 1.2:
References
Development and Design of Laboratory and Pilot Scale Reactors for Microwave-assisted Chemistry / Bernd Ondruschka, Werner Bonrath, and Didier Stuerga)2:
Introduction / 2.1:
Basic Concepts for Reactions and Reactors in Organic Synthesis / 2.2:
Methods for Enhancing the Rates of Organic Reactions / 2.3:
Qualification and Validation of Reactors and Results / 2.7:
Conclusion and Future / 2.8:
Roles of Pressurized Microwave Reactors in the Development of Microwaveassisted Organic Chemistry / Thach Le Ngoc ; Brett A. Roberts ; Christopher R. Strauss)3:
Toward Dedicated Microwave Reactors / 3.1:
Applications of the New Reactors / 3.3:
Commercial Release of MBRs and CMRs / 3.4:
Advantages of Pressurized Microwave Reactors / 3.5:
Applications / 3.6:
Effect of the Properties of Microwave Heating on the Scale-up of Methods in Pressurized Reactors / 3.7:
Software Technology for Translation of Reaction Conditions / 3.8:
Conclusion. Acknowledgments / 3.9:
Nonthermal Effects of Microwaves in Organic Synthesis / Laurence Perreux and Andr?? Loupy)4:
Origin of Microwave Effects / 4.1:
Specific Nonthermal Microwave Effects / 4.3:
Effects of the Medium / 4.4:
Effects Depending on Reaction Mechanisms / 4.5:
Effects Depending on the Position of the Transition State Along the Reaction Coordinates / 4.6:
Effects on Selectivity / 4.7:
Some Illustrative Examples / 4.8:
Concerning the Absence of Microwave Effects / 4.9:
Conclusions: Suitable Conditions for Observation of Specific MW Effects / 4.10:
5 Selectivity Under the Action of Microwave Irradiation / Antonio de la Hoz ; Angel D&A?acute;az-Ortiz ; Andr??s Moreno)
Selective Heating / 5.1:
Modification of Chemoselectivity and Regioselectivity / 5.3:
Modification of Stereo and Enantioselectivity / 5.4:
Conclusions. Acknowledgments / 5.5:
Microwaves and Phase-transfer Catalysis / Andr?? Loupy ; Alain Petit ; Dariusz Bogdal)6:
Phase-transfer Catalysis / 6.1:
Synthetic Applications of Phase-transfer Processes / 6.2:
Conclusion. References / 6.3:
Microwaves and Ionic Liquids / Nicholas E. Leadbeater and Hanna M. Torenius)7:
Ionic Liquids in Conjunction with Microwave Activation / 7.1:
Use of Ionic Liquids and Microwaves in Multicomponent Reactions / 7.2.3:
Use of Ionic Liquids as Heating Aids / 7.2.4:
Conclusions / 7.3:
Abbreviations
Organic Synthesis Using Microwaves and Supported Reagents / Rajender S. Varma and Yuhong Ju)8:
Path Optimization for Nonholonomic Systems: Application to Reactive Obstacle Avoidance and Path Planning / Florent Lamiraux ; David Bonnafous ; Carl Van Geem
Introduction / 1:
Nonholonomic Systems and Path Deformation / 2:
Application to the Mobile Robot Hilare Towing a Trailer / 3:
Application to Path Planning for Trucks and Trailers / 4:
Conclusion and Future Work / 5:
From Dynamic Programming to RRTs: Algorithmic Design of Feasible Trajectories / Steven M. LaValle
Generic Problem Formulation
Dynamic Programming
Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees
Research Challenges
Control of Nonprehensile Manipulation / Kevin M. Lynch ; Todd D. Murphey
Vision-Based Online Trajectory Generation and Its Application to Catching / Akio Namiki ; Masatoshi Ishikawa
Related Works
Vision-Based Online Trajectory Generator
Experiment
Stability Analysis of Invariant Visual Servoing and Robustness to Parametric Uncertainties / Ezio Malis
Vision-based control
Stability Analysis
Robustness to Parametric Uncertainties
Open problems
Experimental Results / 7:
Path Optimization for Nonholonomic Systems: Application to Reactive Obstacle Avoidance and Path Planning / Florent Lamiraux ; David Bonnafous ; Carl Van Geem
Near field optics seen as an antenna problem D. W. Pohl 9
Near field optics solved by modified self-consistent method Zhiyuan Li, Benyuan Gu and Guozhen Yang 22
Near-field scanning optical microscopy of electromagnetic field structures S.T. Huntington, A. Horsfall, S.K. Rhodes, J.N. Walford, A. Barty, K.A. Nugent, A. Roberts and R.E. Scholten 43
Near field vibration spectroscopy to observe molecular images Satoshi Kawata 58
DNA single molecule imaging and fluorescence detection using SNO/AM Jia Wang, Hiroshi Muramatsu and Noritaka Yamamoto 61
Characterization of intercalating state of YOYO-1 in λDNA using SNOM/AFM H. Muramatsu, K. Homma, N. Yamamoto, Jia Wang, K. Sakata-Sogawa and N. Shimamoto 67
Submicrometer-sized optical fiber biosensors for the detection of d-biotin Hua Lu, Yujie Zhao, Jianmin Ma and Zuhong Lu 73
A measurement of LSF of PSTM imaging with the image of step spread Shifa Wu, Guoshu Jian, Shi Pan and Yuguang Wang 79
Effective probe-sample interaction: toward atom deflection and manipulation K. Kobayashi, S. Sangu、 H. Ito and M. Ohtsu 82
Tethered hybrid AFM-NSOM scanning probe microscopy for photonic applications R.S. Taylor 89
Similarity in images between illumination and collection mode SNOM observation of a polystyrene particle layer T. Fujimura, T. Itoh, A. Imada, R. Shimada, T. Koda, S. Takabayashi, H. Miyazaki and K. Ohtaka 94
Numerical simulation of fiber probe patterns of SNOM using FDTD method Kai Liu, Ming Bai, X.L. Ding and Hai Ming 100
Computer simulation for 2D-NSOM using metal-coated fiber-probe Masahiro Tanaka and Kazuo Tanaka 106
The study of light-scattering and dynamic progresses in solution using near-field optical microscope Tianhao Zhang, Caifan Yan, Guangyin Zhang, Zengfa Li, Xue Wu and Wenhua Liu 112
Analysis of trapping force and torque for fiber-optical trap Ming Bai, Kai Liu, Y.H. Lu and Hai Ming 117
Numerical simulation of two beam illumination in photon scanning tunneling microscope Xiaoqiu Wang, Guoshu Jian, Wei Liu, Shi Pan and Shifa Wu 123
Visualized simulation of 2D-photon scanning tunneling microscope Takahiro Yoshida, Kazuo Tanaka and Masahiro Tanaka 129
Analysis of piezoelectric quartz fork glued with optical fiber probe in near field Tianhao Zhang, Xue Wu, Guangyin Zhang, Zengfa Li, Caifan Yan and Wenhua Liu 135
Near-field raman spectroscopy of CVD-Diamond films Hong Yan, Jingjing Wang, Fan Zhang, Yufeng Zhang, Yujun Deng, Zongju Xia, Qiaojun Gao and Yinghua Zou 140
Near-field two wavelength pump-probe spectroscopy of CdSe nanocluster films Yujun Deng, Hong Yan, Wei Qian, Zongju Xia and Yinghua Zou 145
A SNOM working at LN temperature Xing Zhu, Teng Fei, Yan Yin, Shifa Xu, Hetian Zhou and Zizhao Gan 150
Design and applications of a multi-mode scanning near-field optical microscope Xiumei Liu, Jia Wang and Dacheng Li 158
Subwavelength light localization in nanostructures surfaces V. Coello, S. Wang, J. Siqueiros and S.I Bozhevolnyi 164
Near-field polarization state transmited through different surface structures S. Wang, V. Coello, J.M. Siqueiros, S. Zavala, E.R. Mendez and G. Bao 173
Comparison of focussed ion-beam hole drilling and slicing for NSOM aperture formation R.S. Taylor, J. Li and M. Phaneuf 181
Fabrication of scanning near field optical microscope fiber probe Jialin Sun, Qin Li, Ziyang Wang, Yan Zhang, Guyin Rao, Jihua Guo and Jun Zhao 188
SNOM investigation of a high density optical disc after recording Qiying Chen, Takashi Nakano, Junji Tominaga, Liqiu Men, Toshio Fukaya and Nobufumi Atoda 193
Super-resolution near-field optical data storage using oxygen doped GeSbTe thin films L. Men, J. Tominaga, Q. Chen, H. Fuji, T. Nakano and N. Atoda 199
The gallery modes in two-dimensionally ordered dielectric spheres excited by evanescent fields M. Haraguchi, T. Nakai, A. Shinya, T. Okamoto, M. Fukui, T. Koda, R. Shimada, K. Ohtaka and K. Takeda 205
Near-field coupling of microsphere resonators to a plane dielectric substrate Hirosi Ishikawa, Hiroharu Tamaru and Kenjiro Miyano 211
Simulation of 3D near-field optics by volume integral equation Kazuo Tanaka, Mengyun Yan and Masahiro Tanaka 216
Analysis on intensity distribution in a high-throughput probe of scanning near-field optical microscope Q. Zhou, H. Dai, X. Zhu, H.T. Zhou and C.Q. Wang 222
Near-field scanning optical microscopy of electromigration in YBCO Suzanne Huerth, Michael Taylor, Michael Paesler and Hans Hallen 228
Direct near-field optical measurements of the super-resolution near-field optical structure Dinping Tsai, Chiwen Yang, Weichih Lin, Fuhan Ho, Hungji Huang, Mingyish Chen, Tzufeng Tseng, Chiuhsiang Lee and Chweijing Yeh 234
Light-scattering-mode super-resolution near-field structure (super-RENS) for super-density data storage J. Tominaga, H. Fuji, T. Nakano, L. Men and N. Atoda 240
Anodic oxidization and optical observation of metal thin film using scanning near-field optical microscope T. Onuki, Y. Watanabe, T. Tokizaki and T. Tani 246
Nanospectroscopy of surface enhanced Raman scattering of organic molecules by using a metallized cantilever Yasushi Inouye, Norihiko Hayazawa, Zouheir Sekkat and Satoshi Kawata 251
Near-field photoluminescence spectroscopy for semiconductor characterization Y. Narita and T. Ikeda 257
Optical microdisks emission patterns with different geometrical shape observed by near-field optical microscopy Xing Zhu, Yumin Shen, Yu Zhang, Shifa Xu, Lun Dai, Yunqing Chen, Wei Fang, Dajun Wang, Yongchun Xin, Guozhong Wang, Bei Zhang, Hetian Zhou, Guoyi Zhang and Zizhao Gan 263
Index 272
Preface
Overview M. Ohtsu 1
Near field optics seen as an antenna problem D. W. Pohl 9