Contributors |
Preface |
Volumes in Series |
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor / Section I: |
Hypoxia-Inducible Factors P[superscript ER]/ARNT/S[superscript IM] Domains: Structure and Function / Thomas H. Scheuermann ; Jinsong Yang ; Lei Zhang ; Kevin H. Gardner ; Richard K. Bruick1: |
Introduction |
Delineation of the HIF PAS Domains / 2: |
Expression and Characterization of HIF PAS Domains / 3: |
Assessing PAS Domain Protein-Protein Interactions / 4: |
Discussion / 5: |
Acknowledgments |
References |
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl-Hydroxylase: Purification and Assays of PHD2 / Kirsty S. Hewitson ; Christopher J. Schofield ; Peter J. Ratcliffe |
of Purified PHD2 from a Bacterial Source |
Assaying of PHD2 Activity |
Indirect Measurements of PHD2 Activity |
Direct Measurements of PHD2 Hydroxylation Activity |
Binding Assays / 6: |
Comparison of Assay Formats / 7: |
Determination and Modulation of Prolyl-4-Hydroxylase Domain Oxygen Sensor Activity / Renato Wirthner ; Kuppusamy Balamurugan ; Daniel P. Stiehl ; Sandra Barth ; Patrick Spielmann ; Felix Oehme ; Ingo Flamme ; Dorthe M. Katschinski ; Roland H. Wenger ; Gieri Camenisch |
Production of Functionally Active PHDs |
Determination of PHD by VHL Binding to Peptides Derived from the HIF-1[alpha] ODD Domain |
Determination of Prolyl-4-Hydroxylation by Oxidative Decarboxylation of 2-Oxoglutarate |
Crude Tissue Extracts are not a Suitable Source of PHD Activity for the 2-Oxoglutarate Conversion Assay |
Thin Layer Chromatography to Assess the Purity of [5-[superscript 14] C]2-Oxoglutarate |
Application of the 2-Oxoglutarate Conversion Assay to Protein Targets |
Conclusions / 8: |
Characterization of Ankyrin Repeat-Containing Proteins as Substrates of the Asparaginyl Hydroxylase Factor Inhibiting Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factor / Sarah Linke ; Rachel J. Hampton-Smith ; Daniel J. Peet |
Experimental Techniques |
Discussion/Conclusion |
Transgenic Models to Understand Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Function / Andrew Doedens ; Randall S. Johnson |
Hypoxia Response Pathway Genes and Development |
HIF in Physiology |
HIF Function in Tumor Biology |
Summary |
The Silencing Approach of the Hypoxia-Signaling Pathway / Edurne Berra ; Jacques Pouyssegur |
A Brief History of RNAi |
The Hypoxia-Signaling Pathway |
HIF-[alpha] Stability |
HIF Activity |
HIF-1/HIF-2 Target Gene Specificity |
RNAi as a New Potential Therapeutic Strategy |
Cellular and Developmental Adaptations to Hypoxia: A Drosophila Perspective / Nuria Magdalena Romero ; Andres Dekanty ; Pablo Wappner |
Drosophila melanogaster as a Model System to Study Physiological Responses to Hypoxia |
Experimental Advantages of the Model System |
The Drosophila Respiratory System |
Occurrence of a Drosophila System Homologous to Mammalian HIF |
Regulation of Sima by Oxygen Levels |
Role of Sima and Fatiga in Drosophila Development |
Hypoxia-Inducible Genes and the Adaptation of Drosophila to Oxygen Starvation |
Regulation of Sima by the PI3K and TOR Pathways / 9: |
Role of the HIF System in Growth Control and Cell Size Determination / 10: |
Concluding Remarks / 11: |
Erythropoietin / Section II: |
Constitutively Overexpressed Erythropoietin Reduces Infarct Size in a Mouse Model of Permanent Coronary Artery Ligation / Giovanni G. Camici ; Thomas Stallmach ; Matthias Hermann ; Rutger Hassink ; Peter Doevendans ; Beat Grenacher ; Alain Hirschy ; Johannes Vogel ; Thomas F. Luscher ; Frank Ruschitzka ; Max Gassmann |
Material and Methods |
Results |
Use of Gene-Manipulated Mice in the Study of Erythropoietin Gene Expression / Norio Suzuki ; Naoshi Obara ; Masayuki Yamamoto |
Materials |
Methods and Results |
Conclusion |
Control of Erythropoietin Gene Expression and its Use in Medicine / Wolfgang Jelkmann |
Native EPO Gene Expression and its Pharmacologic Stimulation |
EPO Gene Transfer |
Recombinant EPOS |
Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2[alpha] in Endothelial Development and Hematopoiesis / Osamu Ohneda ; Masumi Nagano ; Yoshiaki Fujii-Kuriyama |
Vasculogenesis/Angiogenesis and HIFs |
HIF-1[beta]/ARNT Null Mice |
Neovascularization and HIFs |
Hematopoiesis and HIFs |
Hypoxia and Adaptation / Section III: |
Organ Protection by Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors / Wanja M. Bernhardt ; Christina Warnecke ; Carsten Willam ; Tetsuhiro Tanaka ; Michael S. Wiesener ; Kai-Uwe Eckardt12: |
From Ischemic to Hypoxic Preconditioning |
Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factors |
Strategies to Activate HIF and HIF Target Genes |
Hypoxic Preconditioning and HIF |
HIF in Chronic Hypoxic/Ischemic Diseases |
Conclusions and Perspectives |
Hypoxia and Regulation of Messenger RNA Translation / Marianne Koritzinsky ; Bradly G. Wouters13: |
Changes in Global mRNA Translation During Hypoxia |
Molecular Mechanisms that Regulate mRNA Translation During Hypoxia |
Methods Employed to Study mRNA Translation During Hypoxia |
Protocols |
Hypoxia and the Unfolded Protein Response / Constantinos Koumenis ; Meixia Bi ; Jiangbin Ye ; Douglas Feldman ; Albert C. Koong14: |
Methods Employed in Detecting Hypoxic Induction of ER Stress |
Hypoxia and Tumor Biology / Section IV: |
Tumor Hypoxia in Cancer Therapy / J. Martin Brown15: |
Hypoxia in Human Tumors |
The Dynamic Nature of Hypoxia in Tumors |
Consequences of Tumor Hypoxia for Cancer Treatment |
Size of the Oxygen Effect with Radiation |
The Influence of Tumor Hypoxia on Cancer Treatment by Radiotherapy |
Influence of Tumor Hypoxia on Response to Chemotherapy |
Exploiting Hypoxia in Cancer Treatment |
HIF Gene Expression in Cancer Therapy / Denise A. Chan ; Adam J. Krieg ; Sandra Turcotte ; Amato J. Giaccia16: |
Experimental Procedures |
Analysis of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1[alpha] Expression and its Effects on Invasion and Metastasis / Balaji Krishnamachary ; Gregg L. Semenza17: |
Protocol 1: HIF-1[alpha] Immunohistochemistry |
Protocol 2: Invasion Assay |
Protocol 3: Transepithelial Resistance Measurement of Cell-Cell Adhesion |
Protocol 4: Analysis of MRNA Expression by QRT-PCR |
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Manipulation and Evaluation in Tumoral Hypoxic Adaptation / Millicent Winner ; Lin Leng ; Wayne Zundel ; Robert A. Mitchell18: |
Modulation of MIF Levels by Targeted shRNAs and Assessment of Knockdown Efficiency |
Analysis of MIF-Dependent CSN5 and COP9 Signalosome Function |
Determination of Tumor-Associated MIF Expression and MIF Polymorphic Disparity |
The Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein: An Update / William G. Kaelin, Jr.19: |
Regulation of Epithelial Differentiation by pVHL |
Crosstalk Between c-Met and VHL |
Regulation of Neuronal Apoptosis by pVHL |
Possible Links Between p53 and pVHL |
Regulation of pVHL by Phosphorylation |
Polyubiquitylation of pVHL |
Mouse Models for Studying pVHL Function |
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Inhibitors / Giovanni Melillo20: |
Cell-Based High Throughput Screens |
Cell-Free Assays |
Bioassay-Directed Isolation of Natural Product HIF-1 Inhibitors |
Hypoxia and Inflammatory Mediators / Section V: |
Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors During Inflammation / Stilla Frede ; Utta Berchner-Pfannschmidt ; Joachim Fandrey21: |
Regulation of HIF at the Transcriptional Level |
Regulation of HIF at the Translational Level |
Regulation of HIF-1[alpha] at the Posttranslational Level |
Regulation of HIF-1 Activity |
Perspectives |
Superoxide and Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in the Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors / Agnes Gorlach ; Thomas Kietzmann22: |
Reactive Oxygen Species Act as Signaling Molecules |
HIFs are Sensitive to Oxygen |
Reactive Oxygen Species Modulate HIF |
How are HIFs Regulated by Reactive Oxygen Species? |
Methods |
The Cytochrome C Reduction Assay for Detection of Extracellular Reactive Oxygen Species |
Chemiluminescence Assay for Detection of Extracellular Reactive Oxygen Species |
Measuring Intracellular Production of Reactive Oxygen Species using Fluorescent Dyes |
Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance |
Genetics of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain in Regulating Oxygen Sensing / Eric L. Bell ; Navdeep S. Chandel23: |
Detecting HIF-1[alpha] Protein Levels |
Detecting Intracellular ROS Levels |
Method 1: Examining Hypoxic Stabilization of HIF-1[alpha] Protein in Cells Containing RNAI against the Rieske Fe-S Protein |
Method 2: Examining the Role of ROS Generated from Mitochondrial Electron Transport in Hypoxic Stabilization of HIF-1[alpha] Protein |
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1[alpha] Under the Control of Nitric Oxide / Bernhard Brune ; Jie Zhou24: |
HIF-1 and Oxygen Sensing |
Nitric Oxide: A Multifunctional Messenger |
Accumulation of HIF-1[alpha] and Activation of HIF-1 by NO |
Superoxide Stabilizes HIF-1[alpha] but Antagonizes NO Actions |
Hypoxic Signal Transmission is Antagonized by NO |
Summary and Conclusions |
Hypoxic Regulation of NF-[kappa]B Signaling / Eoin P. Cummins ; Katrina M. Comerford ; Carsten Scholz ; Ulrike Bruning ; Cormac T. Taylor25: |
Background |
Treatment Protocols for Cellular Hypoxia Studies |
Measurement of NF-[kappa]B Activity in Cultured Cells |
Summary/Conclusions |
Author Index |
Subject Index |