Introduction / 1: |
Atomic Structure / 2: |
One-Electron Systems / 2.1: |
Alkali Atoms / 2.2: |
Magnetic Effects / 2.3: |
Precessional Motion / 2.3.1: |
Spin-Orbit Interaction / 2.3.2: |
General Many-Electron Systems / 2.4: |
The Influence of External Fields / 2.5: |
Magnetic Fields / 2.5.1: |
Electric Fields / 2.5.2: |
Hyperfine Structure / 2.6: |
Magnetic Hyperfine Structure / 2.6.1: |
Electric Hyperfine Structure / 2.6.2: |
The Influence of External Fields (hfs) / 2.7: |
Isotopic Shifts / 2.8: |
Molecular Structure / 3: |
Electronic Levels / 3.1: |
Rotational Energy / 3.2: |
Vibrational Energy / 3.3: |
Polyatomic Molecules / 3.4: |
Clusters / 3.5: |
Other Molecular Structures / 3.6: |
Radiation and Scattering Processes / 4: |
Resonance Radiation / 4.1: |
Spectra Generated by Dipole Transitions / 4.2: |
Atoms / 4.2.1: |
Molecules / 4.2.2: |
Rayleigh and Raman Scattering / 4.3: |
Raman Spectra / 4.4: |
Vibrational Raman Spectra / 4.4.1: |
Rotational Raman Spectra / 4.4.2: |
Vibrational-Rotational Raman Spectra / 4.4.3: |
Mie Scattering / 4.5: |
Atmospheric Scattering Phenomena / 4.6: |
Comparison Between Different Radiation and Scattering Processes / 4.7: |
Collision-Induced Processes / 4.8: |
Spectroscopy of Inner Electrons / 5: |
X-Ray Spectroscopy / 5.1: |
X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy / 5.1.1: |
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy / 5.1.2: |
X-Ray Imaging Applications / 5.1.3: |
Photoelectron Spectroscopy / 5.2: |
XPS Techniques and Results / 5.2.1: |
Chemical Shifts / 5.2.2: |
Auger Electron Spectroscopy / 5.3: |
Optical Spectroscopy / 6: |
Light Sources / 6.1: |
Line Light Sources / 6.1.1: |
Continuum Light Sources / 6.1.2: |
Synchrotron Radiation / 6.1.3: |
Natural Radiation Sources / 6.1.4: |
Spectral Resolution Instruments / 6.2: |
Prism Spectrometers / 6.2.1: |
Grating Spectrometers / 6.2.2: |
The Fabry-Pérot Interferometer / 6.2.3: |
The Fourier Transform Spectrometer / 6.2.4: |
Detectors / 6.3: |
Optical Components and Materials / 6.4: |
Interference Filters and Mirrors / 6.4.1: |
Absorption Filters / 6.4.2: |
Polarizers / 6.4.3: |
Optical Materials / 6.4.4: |
Influence of the Transmission Medium / 6.4.5: |
Optical Methods of Chemical Analysis / 6.5: |
The Beer-Lambert Law / 6.5.1: |
Atomic Absorption/Emission Spectrophotometry / 6.5.2: |
Burners, Flames, Sample Preparation and Measurements / 6.5.3: |
Modified Methods of Atomization / 6.5.4: |
Multi-Element Analysis / 6.5.5: |
Molecular Spectrophotometry / 6.5.6: |
Raman Spectroscopy / 6.5.7: |
Optical Remote Sensing / 6.6: |
Atmospheric Monitoring with Passive Techniques / 6.6.1: |
Land and Water Measurements with Passive Techniques / 6.6.2: |
Astrophysical Spectroscopy / 6.7: |
Radio-Frequency Spectroscopy / 7: |
Resonance Methods / 7.1: |
Magnetic Resonance / 7.1.1: |
Atomic-Beam Magnetic Resonance / 7.1.2: |
Optical Pumping / 7.1.3: |
Optical Double Resonance / 7.1.4: |
Level-Crossing Spectroscopy / 7.1.5: |
Resonance Methods for Liquids and Solids / 7.1.6: |
Microwave Radiometry / 7.2: |
Radio Astronomy / 7.3: |
Lasers / 8: |
Basic Principles / 8.1: |
Coherence / 8.2: |
Resonators and Mode Structure / 8.3: |
Fixed-Frequency Lasers / 8.4: |
The Ruby Laser / 8.4.1: |
Four-Level Lasers / 8.4.2: |
Pulsed Gas Lasers / 8.4.3: |
The He-Ne Laser / 8.4.4: |
Gaseous Ion Lasers / 8.4.5: |
Tunable Lasers / 8.5: |
Dye Lasers / 8.5.1: |
Colour-Centre Lasers / 8.5.2: |
Tunable Solid-State Lasers / 8.5.3: |
Tunable CO2 Lasers / 8.5.4: |
Semiconductor Lasers / 8.5.5: |
Nonlinear Optical Phenomena / 8.6: |
Ultra-short and Ultra-high-Power Laser Pulse Generation / 8.7: |
Short-Pulse Generation by Mode-Locking / 8.7.1: |
Generation of Ultra-high Power Pulses / 8.7.2: |
Laser Spectroscopy / 9: |
Comparison Between Conventional Light Sources and Lasers / 9.1: |
Saturation / 9.1.2: |
Excitation Methods / 9.1.3: |
Detection Methods / 9.1.4: |
Laser Wavelength Setting / 9.1.5: |
Doppler-Limited Techniques / 9.2: |
Absorption Measurements / 9.2.1: |
Intracavity Absorption Measurements / 9.2.2: |
Absorption Measurements on Excited States / 9.2.3: |
Level Labelling / 9.2.4: |
Two-Photon Absorption Measurements / 9.2.5: |
Opto-Galvanic Spectroscopy / 9.2.6: |
Single-Atom and Single-Molecule Detection / 9.2.7: |
Opto-Acoustic Spectroscopy / 9.2.8: |
Optical Double-Resonance and Level-Crossing Experiments with Laser Excitation / 9.3: |
Time-Resolved Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy / 9.4: |
Generation of Short Optical Pulses / 9.4.1: |
Measurement Techniques for Optical Transients / 9.4.2: |
Background to Lifetime Measurements / 9.4.3: |
Survey of Methods of Measurement for Radiative Properties / 9.4.4: |
Quantum-Beat Spectroscopy / 9.4.5: |
Ultrafast Spectroscopy / 9.5: |
Ultrafast Measurement Techniques / 9.5.1: |
Molecular Reaction Dynamics (Femtochemistry) / 9.5.2: |
Coherent Control / 9.5.3: |
High-Power Laser Experiments / 9.6: |
Above Threshold Ionization (ATI) / 9.6.1: |
High Harmonic Generation / 9.6.2: |
X-Ray Laser Pumping / 9.6.3: |
Broadband X-Ray Generation / 9.6.4: |
Relativistic Effects and Laser Accelerators / 9.6.5: |
Laser-Nuclear Interactions and Laser-Driven Fusion / 9.6.6: |
High-Resolution Laser Spectroscopy / 9.7: |
Spectroscopy on Collimated Atomic and Ionic Beams / 9.7.1: |
Saturation Spectroscopy and Related Techniques / 9.7.2: |
Doppler-Free Two-Photon Absorption / 9.7.3: |
Cooling and Trapping of Ions and Atoms / 9.8: |
Ion Traps / 9.8.1: |
Basic Laser Cooling in Traps / 9.8.3: |
Trapped Ion Spectroscopy / 9.8.4: |
Atom Cooling and Trapping / 9.8.5: |
Sub-Recoil Cooling / 9.8.6: |
Atom Optics / 9.8.7: |
Bose-Einstein Condensation and "Atom Lasers" / 9.8.8: |
Fermionic "Condensation" / 9.8.9: |
Laser-Spectroscopic Applications / 10: |
Diagnostics of Combustion Processes / 10.1: |
Background / 10.1.1: |
Laser-Induced Fluorescence and Related Techniques / 10.1.2: |
Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering / 10.1.3: |
Velocity Measurements / 10.1.5: |
Laser Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere / 10.2: |
Optical Heterodyne Detection / 10.2.1: |
Long-Path Absorption Techniques / 10.2.2: |
Lidar Techniques / 10.2.3: |
Laser-Induced Fluorescence and Raman Spectroscopy in Liquids and Solids / 10.3: |
Hydrospheric Remote Sensing / 10.3.1: |
Vegetation Monitoring / 10.3.2: |
Monitoring of Surface Layers / 10.3.3: |
Laser-Induced Chemical Processes / 10.4: |
Laser-Induced Chemistry / 10.4.1: |
Laser Isotope Separation / 10.4.2: |
Spectroscopic Aspects of Lasers in Medicine / 10.5: |
Thermal Interaction of Laser Light with Tissue / 10.5.1: |
Photodynamic Tumour Therapy / 10.5.2: |
Tissue Diagnostics with Laser-Induced Fluorescence / 10.5.3: |
Scattering Spectroscopy and Tissue Transillumination / 10.5.4: |
Questions and Exercises |
References |
Index |
Introduction / 1: |
Atomic Structure / 2: |
One-Electron Systems / 2.1: |