| About the Authors |
| Preface |
| Introduction / Part 1： |
| Microeconomics / Chapter 1： |
| Optimal Production Decisions |
| Pricing Policy |
| Efficient Allocation of a Society's Resources |
| Public Policy Concerning Market Structure |
| Microeconomics: Problem Solving and Science |
| Human Wants and Resources |
| Technology |
| Tasks Performed by an Economic System |
| Our Mixed Capitalist System |
| The Price System and Microeconomics |
| Hungary's Rough Transition toward the Price System / Example 1.1： |
| Model-Building and the Role of Models |
| Evaluating a Model |
| Summary |
| Questions/Problems |
| Demand and Supply / Chapter 2： |
| Markets |
| The Demand Side of the Market |
| Coffee Bars Invade Manhattan / Example 2.1： |
| The Supply Side of the Market |
| The Price of Cotton: Highest since the Civil War / Example 2.2： |
| Determinants of Price |
| Price Floors and Ceilings |
| Rent Control, California-Style: Mobile-Home Owners versus Park Owners / Example 2.3： |
| Consumer Behavior and Market Demand / Part 2： |
| Tastes and Preferences of the Consumer / Chapter 3： |
| Consumer Preferences |
| Indifference Curves |
| The Concept of Utility |
| The Marginal Rate of Substitution |
| Deciphering the Shapes of Indifference Curves / Example 3.1： |
| The Budget Line |
| Equilibrium of the Consumer |
| Consumer Choice and the New Phone Rates / Example 3.2： |
| Corner Solutions |
| Corner Solutions and Diminishing Marginal Rates of Substitution |
| Revealed Preference and the Measurement of Indifference Curves |
| Determinants of Consumer Tastes and Preferences |
| The Food Stamp Program / Example 3.3： |
| Budget Allocation by New York State: An Application |
| Ordinal and Cardinal Utility / Appendix： |
| Consumer Behavior and Individual Demand / Chapter 4： |
| Effects of Changes in Consumer Money Income |
| Expenditures and Income / Example 4.1： |
| Effects of Changes in Commodity Prices |
| Substition and Income Effects |
| Energy Tax and Rebate Proposal / Example 4.2： |
| Consumer Surplus |
| Indexes of the Cost of Living |
| Household Response to Higher Energy Prices and Their Associated Losses in Consumer Surplus / Example 4.3： |
| Calculating a Cost-of-Living Index / Example 4.4： |
| Derivation of the Market Demand Curve / Chapter 5： |
| The Price Elasticity of Demand |
| Residential Demand for Water / Example 5.1： |
| The Income Elasticity of Demand |
| The Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand |
| Fur Sales Take a Hit / Example 5.2： |
| Shifting Demand Curves |
| The Seller's Side of the Market and Marginal Revenue |
| Demand and the Distribution of Aggregate Income / Example 5.3： |
| Industry and Firm Demand Curves |
| The Measurement of Demand Curves |
| Attracting Quality Students with Partial Scholarships / Example 5.4： |
| Choices Involving Risk / Chapter 6： |
| Probability |
| Expected Monetary Value |
| Investing in an Oil Venture: A Case Study |
| The Expected Value of Perfect Information |
| How Much Are Accurate Weather Forecasts Worth to Raisin Producers? A Case Study |
| The Expected Value of Partial Information |
| Should a Person Maximize Expected Monetary Value? |
| Maximizing Expected Utility |
| Should the Company Really Invest in the Oil Venture? |
| Preferences Regarding Risk |
| Hospitals and the Health Insurance Bind / Example 6.1： |
| Why People Buy Insurance |
| How Much Insurance Should an Individual Buy? |
| Are Two Consultants Better Than One? / Example 6.2： |
| Revisiting the Value of Information When People Are Averse to Risk |
| Behavior in the Face of Risk |
| The Precautionary Principle |
| The Cost of Exposure Limits That Have Been Set by Applying the Precautionary Principle / Example 6.3： |
| Demand for Airline Travel and the Pricing of Tickets / Cross-Chapter Case Part 2： |
| The Firm: Its Technology and Costs / Part 3： |
| The Firm and Its Technology / Chapter 7： |
| Firm Owners and Managers: A Principal-Agent Problem |
| Technology and Inputs |
| The Short Run and the Long Run |
| Is a CEO Really Worth Half a Billion Dollars per Year? / Example 7.1： |
| The Production Function |
| The Law of Diminishing Marginal Returns and the Geometry of Average and Marginal Product Curves |
| The Production Function: Two Variable Inputs |
| Isoquants |
| Substitution among Inputs |
| The Long Run and Returns to Scale |
| The Measurement of Production Functions |
| Should Two Kansas Wheat Farms Merge? / Example 7.2： |
| Optimal Input Combination and Cost Functions / Chapter 8： |
| Optimal Combination of Inputs |
| Production of Wheat: An Application |
| Costs |
| Rice-Milling in Indonesia / Example 8.1： |
| Pollution Control: An Application |
| Social Costs versus Private Costs |
| Explicit Costs versus Implicit Costs |
| Proper Comparison of Alternatives |
| Cost Functions in the Short Run |
| Least-Cost Reductions of Carbon Emissions / Example 8.2： |
| Cost Functions in the Long Run |
| Economies of Scope |
| The Measurement of Cost Functions |
| The Shape of the Short-Run Marginal Cost Curve / Example 8.3： |
| Production and Cost Theory at Work: The Cost of Climate Policy / Cross-Chapter Case Part 3： |
| Market Structure, Price, and Output / Part 4： |
| Perfect Competition / Chapter 9： |
| Price Determination in the Short Run |
| Auctions and Experimental Economics / Example 9.1： |
| Price Determination in the Long Run |
| What Would Be the Effects of National Dental Insurance? / Example 9.2： |
| The Market for Sulfur Emissions Permits / Example 9.3： |
| Agricultural Prices and Output: An Application |
| Applying the Competitive Model / Chapter 10： |
| Producer Surplus and Total Surplus |
| Perfect Competition and the Maximization of Total Surplus |
| The Effect of a Price Ceiling |
| A Price Ceiling for Gasoline / Example 10.1： |
| New York Apartments: A Case Study |
| The Effect of a Price Floor |
| Agricultural Price Supports: Another Case Study |
| Protecting Domestic Producers: Tariffs and Quotas |
| Restrictions on U.S. Imports of Japanese Autos: A Third Case Study |
| Gains and Losses from Steel Import Quotas / Example 10.2： |
| Effects on Price of an Excise Tax |
| Deadweight Loss from an Excise Tax |
| Should the Gasoline Tax Be Raised? / Example 10.3： |
| Postcript |
| Monopoly / Chapter 11： |
| Short-Run Equilibrium Price and Output |
| Long-Run Equilibrium Price and Output |
| Playing the Slots at Foxwoods / Example 11.1： |
| Multiplant Monopoly |
| A Comparison of Monopoly with Perfect Competition |
| Monopoly Power |
| Price Discrimination |
| The Microsoft Finding and the Value of Startup Software Companies / Example 11.2： |
| Two-Part Tariffs and Tying |
| Two-Part Tariffs in the National Football League / Example 11.3： |
| Bundling: Another Pricing Technique |
| Public Regulation of Monopoly |
| Case Studies |
| Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly / Chapter 12： |
| Monopolistic Competition |
| Equilibrium Price and Output in the Short and Long Runs |
| Excess Capacity and Product Diversity |
| Markup Pricing |
| Comparisons with Perfect Competition and Monopoly |
| Advertising Expenditures: A Simple Model |
| Optimal Advertising Expenditures: A Graphical Analysis |
| The Social Value of Advertising |
| Advertising, Spectacles, and the FTC / Example 12.1： |
| Oligopoly |
| The Nash Equilibrium |
| An Example of a Nash Equilibrium: The Cournot Model |
| The Stackelberg Model |
| The Bertrand Model |
| Collusion and Cartels |
| The Retail Market for Tires / Example 12.2： |
| The Instability of Cartels |
| The OPEC Oil Cartel: An Application |
| The International Supply of Crude Oil / Example 12.3： |
| Price Leadership |
| Entry and Contestable Markets |
| Game Theory and Strategic Behavior / Chapter 13： |
| The Theory of Games |
| Game Trees |
| Nash Equilibria: Further Discussion |
| Maximin Strategies |
| Should Amherst Buy All Its Steel from Duquesne? / Example 13.1： |
| The Prisoners' Dilemma |
| Cheating on a Cartel Agreement |
| The Repeated Prisoners' Dilemma and the Tit-for-Tat Strategy |
| Strategic Moves |
| The Role of Incentives and Contracts / Example 13.2： |
| Threats: Empty and Credible |
| Deterrence of Entry |
| Limit Pricing |
| First-Mover Advantages |
| How Governments Can Tilt the Outcome of Oligopoly / Example 13.3： |
| Capacity Expansion and Preemption |
| Nonprice Competition |
| The Effects of Oligopoly |
| Shaking the Tree of Global Telecommunications Markets / Cross-Chapter Case Part 4： |
| Markets for Inputs / Part 5： |
| Price and Employment of Inputs / Chapter 14： |
| Profit Maximization and Input Employment |
| The Firm's Demand Curve: The Case of One Variable Input |
| The Firm's Demand Curve: The Case of Several Variable Inputs |
| The Market Demand Curve |
| Determinants of the Price Elasticity of Demand for an Input |
| The Market Supply Curve |
| Income and Substitution Effects in the Supply of Labor / Example 14.1： |
| Equilibrium Price and Employment of an Input |
| Rent |
| Imperfectly Competitive Output Markets |
| Does Immigration Benefit the United States? / Example 14.2： |
| Monopsony |
| Effects of Increasing the Minimum Wage / Example 14.3： |
| Investment Decisions / Chapter 15： |
| Intertemporal Choice: Consumption and Saving |
| Interest Rates and Investment |
| The Equilibrium Level of Interest Rates |
| Present Value |
| Valuing a Stream of Payments |
| The Net Present Value Rule for Investment Decisions |
| Neil Simon Goes Off-Broadway / Example 15.1： |
| The Investment Decision: An Example |
| Real versus Nominal Interest Rates |
| Risk and Diversification |
| Diversifiable and Nondiversifiable Risk |
| The Capital-Asset Pricing Model |
| Including Risk in Net Present Value Calculations: Some Examples |
| The Stock Market: The Efficient Markets Hypothesis |
| Internal Rates of Return and Bond Yields |
| How Much Is a Bond Worth? |
| Game Theory in Action: Investment as a Strategic Decision / Example 15.2： |
| Pricing Exhaustible Resources |
| Game Theory in Action: A Tit-for-Tat Time Horizon / Example 15.3： |
| Sex Discrimination and Comparable Worth / Cross-Chapter Case Part 5： |
| Information, Efficiency, and Government / Part 6： |
| General Equilibrium Analysis and Resource Allocation / Chapter 16： |
| Partial Equilibrium Analysis versus General Equilibrium Analysis |
| The Existence of General Equilibrium |
| A Simple Model of General Equilibrium |
| Deregulation of Railroads and Trucks / Example 16.1： |
| Resource Allocation and the Edgeworth Box Diagram |
| Exchange |
| Production |
| Allocation of Fissionable Material / Example 16.2： |
| The Production Possibilities Curve |
| Production and Exchange |
| The Promotion of Economic Efficiency / Chapter 17： |
| A Definition of Economic Efficiency |
| Marginal Conditions for Economic Efficiency |
| The Utility Possibilities Curve |
| Equity Considerations |
| John Rawls on Social Justice / Example 17.1： |
| Perfect Competition and Economic Efficiency |
| External Economies and Diseconomies |
| External Diseconomies on the Highways / Example 17.2： |
| Increasing Returns, Public Goods, and Imperfect Information |
| Static Efficiency and Economic Progress |
| Fairness, Equity, and Efficiency / Example 17.3： |
| Economic Benefits from Free Trade |
| The Prevalence of Asymmetric Information / Chapter 18： |
| Used Cars: An Example of Asymmetric Information |
| A Graphical Analysis of the Market for Used Cars |
| Asymmetric Information in the Fixture Market / Example 18.1： |
| Asymmetric Information and Market Failure |
| Adverse Selection: A Problem of Hidden Information |
| Consequences of Adverse Selection |
| Market Signaling |
| Dawat, McDonald's, and the Importance of Reputation / Example 18.2： |
| Moral Hazard: A Problem of Hidden Action |
| Principal-Agent Problems |
| Game Theory in Action: Superior Knowledge as a Deterrent to Entry / Example 18.3： |
| Efficiency Wage Theory |
| Public Goods, Externalities, and the Role of Government / Chapter 19： |
| Characteristics of a Public Good |
| Efficient Output of a Public Good |
| Provision of Public Goods |
| The Effect of Voting Rules / Example 19.1： |
| Externalities: The Case of Environmental Pollution |
| Game Theory in Action: The Tragedy of the Commons from a Strategic Perspective / Example 19.2： |
| Property Rights and Coase's Theorem |
| Government Intervention and Benefit-Cost Analysis |
| Economic Efficiency and Global Policy to Combat Climate Change / Example 19.3： |
| Anemia Reduction in Indonesia, Kenya, and Mexico: An Application |
| Limitations of Government Effectiveness |
| The FCC and the "Biggest Auction in the Known Universe" / Cross-Chapter Case Part 6： |
| Glossary of Terms |
| Brief Answers to Odd Numbered Questions |
| Index |
図書
