A Note to Students |
Preface |
Acknowledgements |
Research and Writing: From Planning to Production / Wayne C. Booth ; Gregory G. Colomb ; Joseph M. WilliamsPart I: |
Overview of Part I |
What Research Is and How Researchers Think about It / 1: |
How Researchers Think about Their Aims / 1.1: |
Three Kinds of Questions That Researchers Ask / 1.2: |
Moving from a Topic to a Question to a Working Hypothesis / 2: |
Find a Question in Your Topic / 2.1: |
Propose Some Working Answers / 2.2: |
Build a Storyboard to Plan and Guide Your Work / 2.3: |
Organize a Writing Support Group / 2.4: |
Finding Useful Sources / 3: |
Understand the Kinds of Sources Readers Expect You to Use / 3.1: |
Record Your Sources Fully, Accurately, and Appropriately / 3.2: |
Search for Sources Systematically / 3.3: |
Evaluate Sources for Relevance and Reliability / 3.4: |
Look beyond the Usual Kinds of References / 3.5: |
Engaging Sources / 4: |
Read Generously to Understand, Then Critically to Engage and Evaluate / 4.1: |
Take Notes Systematically / 4.2: |
Take Useful Notes / 4.3: |
Write as You Read / 4.4: |
Review Your Progress / 4.5: |
Manage Moments of Normal Panic / 4.6: |
Planning Your Argument / 5: |
What a Research Argument Is and Is Not / 5.1: |
Build Your Argument around Answers to Readers' Questions / 5.2: |
Turn Your Working Hypothesis into a Claim / 5.3: |
Assemble the Elements of Your Argument / 5.4: |
Distinguish Arguments Based on Evidence from Arguments Based on Warrants / 5.5: |
Assemble an Argument / 5.6: |
Planning a First Draft / 6: |
Avoid Unhelpful Plans / 6.1: |
Create a Plan That Meets Your Readers' Needs / 6.2: |
File Away Leftovers / 6.3: |
Drafting Your Report / 7: |
Draft in the Way That Feels Most Comfortable / 7.1: |
Develop Productive Drafting Habits / 7.2: |
Use Your Key Terms to Keep Yourself on Track / 7.3: |
Quote, Paraphrase, and Summarize Appropriately / 7.4: |
Integrate Quotations into Your Text / 7.5: |
Use Footnotes and Endnotes Judiciously / 7.6: |
Interpret Complex or Detailed Evidence before You Offer It / 7.7: |
Be Open to Surprises / 7.8: |
Guard against Inadvertent Plagiarism / 7.9: |
Guard against Inappropriate Assistance / 7.10: |
Work through Chronic Procrastination and Writer's Block / 7.11: |
Presenting Evidence in Tables and Figures / 8: |
Choose Verbal or Visual Representations / 8.1: |
Choose the Most Effective Graphic / 8.2: |
Design Tables and Figures / 8.3: |
Communicate Data Ethically / 8.4: |
Revising Your Draft / 9: |
Check Your Introduction, Conclusion, and Claim / 9.1: |
Make Sure the Body of Your Report Is Coherent / 9.2: |
Check Your Paragraphs / 9.3: |
Let Your Draft Cool, Then Paraphrase It / 9.4: |
Writing Your Final Introduction and Conclusion / 10: |
Draft Your Final Introduction / 10.1: |
Draft Your Final Conclusion / 10.2: |
Write Your Title Last / 10.3: |
Revising Sentences / 11: |
Focus on the First Seven or Eight Words of a Sentence / 11.1: |
Diagnose What You Read / 11.2: |
Choose the Right Word / 11.3: |
Polish It Off / 11.4: |
Give It Up and Print It Out / 11.5: |
Learning from Your Returned Paper / 12: |
Find General Principles in Specific Comments / 12.1: |
Talk to Your Instructor / 12.2: |
Presenting Research in Alternative Forums / 13: |
Plan Your Oral Presentation / 13.1: |
Design Your Presentation to Be Listened To / 13.2: |
Plan Your Poster Presentation / 13.3: |
Plan Your Conference Proposal / 13.4: |
On the Spirit of Research / 14: |
Source Citation / Part II: |
General Introduction to Citation Practices / 15: |
Reasons for Citing Your Sources / 15.1: |
The Requirements of Citation / 15.2: |
Two Citation Styles / 15.3: |
Citation of Electronic Sources / 15.4: |
Preparation of Citations / 15.5: |
A Word on Citation Software / 15.6: |
Notes-Bibliography Style: The Basic Form / 16: |
Basic Patterns / 16.1: |
Bibliographies / 16.2: |
Notes / 16.3: |
Short Forms for Notes / 16.4: |
Notes-Bibliography Style: Citing Specific Types of Sources / 17: |
Books / 17.1: |
Journal Articles / 17.2: |
Magazine Articles / 17.3: |
Newspaper Articles / 17.4: |
Additional Types of Published Sources / 17.5: |
Unpublished Sources / 17.6: |
Informally Published Electronic Sources / 17.7: |
Sources in the Visual and Performing Arts / 17.8: |
Public Documents / 17.9: |
One Source Quoted in Another / 17.10: |
Parenthetical Citations-Reference List Style: The Basic Form / 18: |
Reference Lists / 18.1: |
Parenthetical Citations / 18.3: |
Parenthetical Citations-Reference List Style: Citing Specific Types of Sources / 19: |
Style / 19.1: |
Spelling / 20: |
Plurals / 20.1: |
Possessives / 20.2: |
Compounds and Words Formed with Prefixes / 20.3: |
Line Breaks / 20.4: |
Punctuation / 21: |
Period / 21.1: |
Comma / 21.2: |
Semicolon / 21.3: |
Colon / 21.4: |
Question Mark / 21.5: |
Exclamation Point / 21.6: |
Hyphen and Dashes / 21.7: |
Parentheses and Brackets / 21.8: |
Slashes / 21.9: |
Quotation Marks / 21.10: |
Multiple Punctuation Marks / 21.11: |
Names, Special Terms, and Titles of Works / 22: |
Names / 22.1: |
Special Terms / 22.2: |
Titles of Works / 22.3: |
Numbers / 23: |
Words or Numerals? / 23.1: |
Plurals and Punctuation / 23.2: |
Date Systems / 23.3: |
Numbers Used outside the Text / 23.4: |
Abbreviations / 24: |
General Principles / 24.1: |
Names and Titles / 24.2: |
Geographical Terms / 24.3: |
Time and Dates / 24.4: |
Units of Measure / 24.5: |
The Bible and Other Sacred Works / 24.6: |
Abbreviations in Citations and Other Scholarly Contexts / 24.7: |
Quotations / 25: |
Quoting Accurately and Avoiding Plagiarism / 25.1: |
Incorporating Quotations into Your Text / 25.2: |
Modifying Quotations / 25.3: |
Tables and Figures / 26: |
General Issues / 26.1: |
Tables / 26.2: |
Figures / 26.3: |
Paper Format and Submission / Appendix: |
General Format Requirements / A.1: |
Format Requirements for Specific Elements / A.2: |
Submission Requirements / A.3: |
Bibliography |
Authors |
Index |