The structure of materials / 1: |
Atomic structure and the chemical bond / 1.1: |
Metals / 1.2: |
Metallic bond / 1.2.1: |
Crystal structures / 1.2.2: |
Polycrystalline metals / 1.2.3: |
Ceramics / 1.3: |
Covalents bond / 1.3.1: |
Ionic bond / 1.3.2: |
Dipole bond / 1.3.3: |
Van der Waals bond / 1.3.4: |
Hydrogen bond / 1.3.5: |
The crystal structure of ceramics / 1.3.6: |
Amorphous ceramics / 1.3.7: |
Polymers / 1.4: |
The chemical structure of polymers / 1.4.1: |
The structure of polymers / 1.4.2: |
Elasticity / 2: |
Deformation modes / 2.1: |
Stress and strain / 2.2: |
Stress / 2.2.1: |
Strain / 2.2.2: |
Atomic interactions / 2.3: |
Hooke's law / 2.4: |
Elastic strain energy / 2.4.1: |
Elastic deformation under multiaxial loads / 2.4.2: |
Isotropic material / 2.4.3: |
Cubic lattice / 2.4.4: |
Orthorhombic crystals and orthotropic elasticity / 2.4.5: |
Transversally isotropic elasticity / 2.4.6: |
Other crystal lattices / 2.4.7: |
Examples / 2.4.8: |
Isotropy and anisotropy of macroscopic components / 2.5: |
Temperature dependence of Young's modulus / 2.6: |
Plasticity and failure / 3: |
Nominal and true strain / 3.1: |
Stress-strain diagrams / 3.2: |
Types of stress-strain diagrams / 3.2.1: |
Analysis of a stress-strain diagram / 3.2.2: |
Approximation of the stress-strain curve / 3.2.3: |
Plasticity theory / 3.3: |
Yield criteria / 3.3.1: |
Yield criteria of metals / 3.3.2: |
Yield criteria of polymers / 3.3.3: |
Flow rules / 3.3.4: |
Hardening / 3.3.5: |
Application of a yield criterion, flow rule, and hardening rule / 3.3.6: |
Hardness / 3.4: |
Scratch tests / 3.4.1: |
Indentation tests / 3.4.2: |
Rebound tests / 3.4.3: |
Material failure / 3.5: |
Shear fracture / 3.5.1: |
Cleavage fracture / 3.5.2: |
Fracture criteria / 3.5.3: |
Notches / 4: |
Stress concentration factor / 4.1: |
Neuber's rule / 4.2: |
Tensile testing of notched specimens / 4.3: |
Fracture mechanics / 5: |
Introduction to fracture mechanics / 5.1: |
Definitions / 5.1.1: |
Linear-elastic fracture mechanics / 5.2: |
The stress field near a crack tip / 5.2.1: |
The energy balance of crack propagation / 5.2.2: |
Dimensioning pre-cracked components under static loads / 5.2.3: |
Fracture parameters of different materials / 5.2.4: |
Material behaviour during crack propagation / 5.2.5: |
Subcritical crack propagation / 5.2.6: |
Measuring fracture parameters / 5.2.7: |
Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics / 5.3: |
Crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) / 5.3.1: |
J integral / 5.3.2: |
Measuring elastic-plastic fracture mechanics parameters / 5.3.3: |
Mechanical behaviour of metals / 6: |
Theoretical strength / 6.1: |
Dislocations / 6.2: |
Types of dislocations / 6.2.1: |
The stress field of a dislocation / 6.2.2: |
Dislocation movement / 6.2.3: |
Slip systems / 6.2.4: |
The critical resolved shear stress / 6.2.5: |
Taylor factor / 6.2.6: |
Dislocation interaction / 6.2.7: |
Generation, multiplication and annihilation of dislocations / 6.2.8: |
Forces acting on dislocations / 6.2.9: |
Overcoming obstacles / 6.3: |
Athermal processes / 6.3.1: |
Thermally activated processes / 6.3.2: |
Ductile-brittle transition / 6.3.3: |
Climb / 6.3.4: |
Intersection of dislocations / 6.3.5: |
Strengthening mechanisms / 6.4: |
Work hardening / 6.4.1: |
Grain boundary strengthening / 6.4.2: |
Solid solution hardening / 6.4.3: |
Particle strengthening / 6.4.4: |
Hardening of steels / 6.4.5: |
Mechanical twinning / 6.5: |
Mechanical behaviour of ceramics / 7: |
Manufacturing ceramics / 7.1: |
Mechanisms of crack propagation / 7.2: |
Crack deflection / 7.2.1: |
Crack bridging / 7.2.2: |
Microcrack formation and crack branching / 7.2.3: |
Stress-induced phase transformations / 7.2.4: |
Stable crack growth / 7.2.5: |
Subcritical crack growth in ceramics / 7.2.6: |
Statistical fracture mechanics / 7.3: |
Weibull statistics / 7.3.1: |
Weibull statistics for subcritical crack growth / 7.3.2: |
Measuring the parameters [sigma subscript 0] and m / 7.3.3: |
Proof test / 7.4: |
Strengthening ceramics / 7.5: |
Reducing defect size / 7.5.1: |
Microcracks / 7.5.2: |
Transformation toughening / 7.5.4: |
Adding ductile particles / 7.5.5: |
Mechanical behaviour of polymers / 8: |
Physical properties of polymers / 8.1: |
Relaxation processes / 8.1.1: |
Glass transition temperature / 8.1.2: |
Melting temperature / 8.1.3: |
Time-dependent deformation of polymers / 8.2: |
Phenomenological description of time-dependence / 8.2.1: |
Time-dependence and thermal activation / 8.2.2: |
Elastic properties of polymers / 8.3: |
Elastic properties of thermoplastics / 8.3.1: |
Elastic properties of elastomers and duromers / 8.3.2: |
Plastic behaviour / 8.4: |
Amorphous thermoplastics / 8.4.1: |
Semi-crystalline thermoplastics / 8.4.2: |
Increasing the thermal stability / 8.5: |
Increasing the glass and the melting temperature / 8.5.1: |
Increasing the crystallinity / 8.5.2: |
Increasing strength and stiffness / 8.6: |
Increasing the ductility / 8.7: |
Environmental effects / 8.8: |
Mechanical behaviour of fibre reinforced composites / 9: |
Strengthening methods / 9.1: |
Classifying by particle geometry / 9.1.1: |
Classifying by matrix systems / 9.1.2: |
Elasticity of fibre composites / 9.2: |
Loading in parallel to the fibres / 9.2.1: |
Loading perpendicular to the fibres / 9.2.2: |
The anisotropy in general / 9.2.3: |
Plasticity and fracture of composites / 9.3: |
Tensile loading with continuous fibres / 9.3.1: |
Load transfer between matrix and fibre / 9.3.2: |
Crack propagation in fibre composites / 9.3.3: |
Statistics of composite failure / 9.3.4: |
Failure under compressive loads / 9.3.5: |
Matrix-dominated failure and arbitrary loads / 9.3.6: |
Examples of composites / 9.4: |
Polymer matrix composites / 9.4.1: |
Metal matrix composites / 9.4.2: |
Ceramic matrix composites / 9.4.3: |
Biological composites / 9.4.4: |
Fatigue / 10: |
Types of loads / 10.1: |
Fatigue failure of metals / 10.2: |
Crack initiation / 10.2.1: |
Crack propagation (stage II) / 10.2.2: |
Final fracture / 10.2.3: |
Fatigue of ceramics / 10.3: |
Fatigue of polymers / 10.4: |
Thermal fatigue / 10.4.1: |
Mechanical fatigue / 10.4.2: |
Fatigue of fibre composites / 10.5: |
Phenomenological description of the fatigue strength / 10.6: |
Fatigue crack growth / 10.6.1: |
Stress-cycle diagrams (S-N diagrams) / 10.6.2: |
The role of mean stress / 10.6.3: |
Fatigue assessment with variable amplitude loading / 10.6.4: |
Cyclic stress-strain behaviour / 10.6.5: |
Kitagawa diagram / 10.6.6: |
Fatigue of notched specimens / 10.7: |
Creep / 11: |
Phenomenology of creep / 11.1: |
Creep mechanisms / 11.2: |
Stages of creep / 11.2.1: |
Dislocation creep / 11.2.2: |
Diffusion creep / 11.2.3: |
Grain boundary sliding / 11.2.4: |
Deformation mechanism maps / 11.2.5: |
Creep fracture / 11.3: |
Increasing the creep resistance / 11.4: |
Exercises / 12: |
Packing density of crystals |
Macromolecules |
Interaction between two atoms |
Bulk modulus |
Relation between the elastic constants |
Candy catapult |
True strain |
Interest calculation |
Large deformations |
Design of a notched shaft |
Estimating the fracture toughness K[subscript Ic] / 13: |
Determination of the fracture toughness K[subscript Ic] / 14: |
Static design of a tube / 15: |
Estimating the dislocation density / 16: |
Thermally activated dislocation generation / 18: |
Precipitation hardening / 19: |
Design of a fluid tank / 22: |
Subcritical crack growth of a ceramic component / 24: |
Mechanical models of viscoelastic polymers / 25: |
Elastic damping / 26: |
Eyring plot / 27: |
Properties of a polymer matrix composite / 28: |
Estimating the number of cycles to failure / 30: |
Miner's rule / 31: |
Larson-Miller parameter / 32: |
Creep deformation / 33: |
Relaxation of thermal stresses by creep / 34: |
Solution |
Using tensors / A: |
Introduction / A.1: |
The order of a tensor / A.2: |
Tensor notations / A.3: |
Tensor operations and Einstein summation convention / A.4: |
Coordinate transformations / A.5: |
Important constants and tensor operations / A.6: |
Invariants / A.7: |
Derivations of tensor fields / A.8: |
Miller and Miller-Bravais indices / B: |
Miller indices / B.1: |
Miller-Bravais indices / B.2: |
A crash course in thermodynamics / C: |
Thermal activation / C.1: |
Free energy and free enthalpy / C.2: |
Phase transformations and phase diagrams / C.3: |
The J integral / D: |
Discontinuities, singularities, and Gauss' theorem / D.1: |
Energy-momentum tensor / D.2: |
J integral at a crack tip / D.3: |
Plasticity at the crack tip / D.5: |
Energy interpretation of the J integral / D.6: |
References |
List of symbols |
Index |
The structure of materials / 1: |
Atomic structure and the chemical bond / 1.1: |
Metals / 1.2: |