Preface |
About the Author |
Conducting Groundwater Quality Investigations / 1: |
Introduction / 1.1: |
Evolution of Site Assessments / 1.2: |
Technology Limitations and Cleanup Goals / 1.3: |
Conceptual Models / 1.4: |
Source and Release Information / 1.4.1: |
Geologic and Hydrogeologic Characterization / 1.4.2: |
Contaminant Distribution, Transport and Fate / 1.4.3: |
Geochemistry Impacting Natural Biodegradation / 1.4.4: |
Risk Assessment Concepts / 1.5: |
Institutional Controls / 1.6: |
Risk-Based Cleanup Goals and Screening Level Evaluations / 1.7: |
Assessing Plume Migration Potential / 1.8: |
The Family of DNAPLs / 2: |
Denning DNAPL / 2.1: |
Chemicals and Origins / 2.2: |
Creosote and Coal Tars / 2.2.1: |
Polychlorinated Biphenyls / 2.2.2: |
Chlorinated Solvents / 2.2.3: |
Mixtures / 2.2.4: |
DNAPL Behavior / 2.3: |
General Behavior and Concepts / 2.3.1: |
Important Parameters for Site Characterization / 2.3.2: |
Overview of Remediation Strategies / 2.4: |
Remediation Goals / 2.4.1: |
Technologies / 2.4.2: |
Pump-and-Treat / 2.4.2.1: |
Permeable Reactive Barriers / 2.4.2.2: |
Physical Barriers / 2.4.2.3: |
Enhanced Biodegradation / 2.4.2.4: |
Thermal Technologies / 2.4.2.5: |
Chemical Flushing / 2.4.2.6: |
Excavation and Removal / 2.4.2.7: |
Soil Vacuum Extraction / 2.4.2.8: |
Water Flooding / 2.4.2.9: |
Air Sparging / 2.4.2.10: |
Hydrocarbons / 3: |
Fate and Transport / 3.1: |
General / 3.1.1: |
Advective Transport / 3.1.2: |
Dispersion / 3.1.3: |
Sorption / 3.1.4: |
Dilution and Recharge / 3.1.5: |
Volatilization / 3.1.6: |
Gasoline Compounds / 3.2: |
General Description / 3.2.1: |
The BTEX Compounds and MTBE / 3.2.2: |
Properties of VOCs / 3.2.3: |
Degradation / 3.2.4: |
Half-Lifes / 3.2.5: |
Pump and Treat / 3.3: |
Concept / 3.3.1: |
Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids / 3.3.2: |
Contaminant Desorption and Precipitate Dissolution / 3.3.3: |
Remedial Technologies / 3.3.4: |
EPA Cost Data for Pump-and-Treat / 3.3.5: |
1,4-Dioxane / 4: |
Overview / 4.1: |
Properties, Fate and Transport / 4.2: |
Health Effects and Regulations / 4.3: |
Remediation Technologies / 4.4: |
Advanced Oxidation (Ex Situ) / 4.4.1: |
Adsorption (GAC) (Ex Situ) / 4.4.2: |
Bioremediation / 4.4.3: |
Treatment in Soil / 4.4.4: |
Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCS) / 5: |
Origins of the Contaminants / 5.1: |
PFAs Properties and Structures / 5.3: |
Variations of PFAS / 5.3.1: |
PFOS / 5.3.3: |
PFOA / 5.3.4: |
Environmental Fate and Transport / 5.4: |
Groundwater Contamination / 5.5: |
Water Treatment / 5.6: |
Estimating Carbon Treatement Costs / 5.7: |
Physico-Chemical Properties of Chlorinated Solvents / 6: |
Origins of Groundwater Contamination / 6.2: |
Properties / 6.3: |
Degradation and Daughter Products / 6.3.2: |
Biodegradation Half-Life / 6.3.3: |
DNAPL Migration / 6.3.4: |
Groundwater Remediation Strategies / 6.4: |
Preliminary Considerations / 6.4.1: |
Soil Excavation, Treatment and Disposal / 6.4.2: |
Soil Vapor Extraction / 6.4.3: |
Enhanced Methods of Soil Vapor Extraction / 6.4.4: |
In Situ Air Sparging / 6.4.5: |
In-well Aeration and Recirculation / 6.4.6: |
Reactive and Permeable Walls / 6.4.8: |
Costs / 6.5: |
Air Sparging Comparisons to other Technologies / 6.5.1: |
Mineral Ions and Natural Groundwater Contaminants / 7: |
Secondary Drinking Water Standards / 7.1: |
Irrigation Water Quality Standards / 7.3: |
Salts / 7.3.1: |
Water Analysis Terminology / 7.3.2: |
Types of Salt Problems / 7.3.3: |
Salinity Hazard / 7.3.4: |
Sodium Hazard / 7.3.5: |
Trace Elements and Limits / 7.3.6: |
Water Treatment Membrane Technologies / 7.4: |
Reverse Osmosis (RO) / 7.4.1: |
Nanofiltration / 7.4.3: |
Microfiltration / 7.4.4: |
Ultrafiltration / 7.4.5: |
Treatment Costs / 7.4.6: |
Secondary Wastes / 7.4.7: |
Selection Criteria / 7.4.8: |
Ion Exchange / 7.5: |
Technology Description / 7.5.1: |
Chelating Agents / 7.5.2: |
Batch and Column Exchange Systems / 7.5.3: |
Process Equipment / 7.5.4: |
Cost Data / 7.5.5: |
Crystallization / 7.6: |
Forced- Circulation Crysallizers / 7.6.1: |
Draft-tube Crystallizers and Draft-tube-baffle Crystallizers / 7.6.3: |
Surface-Cooled Crystallizers / 7.6.4: |
Oslo Crystallizers / 7.6.5: |
Fluid-Bed Type Crystallizers / 7.6.6: |
Heavy Metals and Mixed Media Remediation Technologies for Contaminated Soils and Groundwater / 8: |
Nature of the Problem / 8.1: |
Toxic Metal Chemical Forms, Speciation and Properties / 8.2: |
Remedial Technology Strategies / 8.3: |
Isolation / 8.3.1: |
Capping / 8.3.2: |
Subsurface Barriers / 8.3.3: |
Immobilization / 8.3.4: |
Solidification/Stabilization / 8.3.5: |
Vitrification / 8.3.6: |
Toxicity and Mobility Reduction / 8.3.7: |
Wet Oxidation Process / 8.3.8: |
Advanced Oxidation Technologies / 8.3.9: |
Permeable Treatment Walls / 8.3.10: |
Biological Treatment / 8.3.11: |
Physical Separation / 8.3.12: |
Extraction / 8.3.13: |
Soil Washing / 8.3.14: |
Soil Screening / 8.3.15: |
Chemical Treatment / 8.3.16: |
Physical Treatment / 8.3.17: |
Pyrometallurgical Extraction / 8.3.18: |
In Situ Soil Flushing / 8.3.19: |
Electrokinetic Treatment / 8.3.20: |
General Cost Information / 8.4: |
Site Capping / 8.4.2: |
In situ Solidification/Stabilization / 8.4.3: |
Ex Situ Solidification/Stabilization / 8.4.4: |
Slurry Wads / 8.4.5: |
Index |
Preface |
About the Author |
Conducting Groundwater Quality Investigations / 1: |