Tools of radio astronomy

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Tools of radio astronomy / Thomas L. Wilson, Kristen Rohlfs, Susanne Hüttemeister

版:

5th ed

資料種別:

図書

出版情報:

Berlin ; New York : Springer, c2009

形態:

xv, 515 p. ; 24 cm

シリーズ名:

Astronomy and astrophysics library <BA01023708>

著者名:

ISBN:

9783540851219 [3540851216]
9783642098826 [3642098827] (: Softcover)

書誌ID:

BA88725726

子書誌情報

フルテキスト

所蔵情報

他の版・巻

書誌詳細

ISSN:

09417834

注記:

Includes index

主題:

Radio astronomy; Radio astronomy--Instruments

言語:

英語

目次情報:

Radio Astronomical Fundamentals / 1：

On the Role of Radio Astronomy in Astrophysics / 1.1：

The Radio Window / 1.2：

Some Basic Definitions / 1.3：

Radiative Transfer / 1.4：

Black Body Radiation and the Brightness Temperature / 1.5：

The Nyquist Theorem and the Noise Temperature / 1.6：

Problems

Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Fundamentals / 2：

Maxwell's Equations / 2.1：

Energy Conservation and the Poynting Vector / 2.2：

Complex Field Vectors / 2.3：

The Wave Equation / 2.4：

Plane Waves in Nonconducting Media / 2.5：

Wave Packets and the Group Velocity / 2.6：

Plane Waves in Conducting Media / 2.7：

The Dispersion Measure of a Tenuous Plasma / 2.8：

Wave Polarization / 3：

Vector Waves / 3.1：

The PoincarÃ© Sphere and the Stokes Parameters / 3.2：

Quasi-Monochromatic Plane Waves / 3.3：

The Stokes Parameters for Quasi-Monochromatic Waves / 3.4：

Faraday Rotation / 3.5：

Signal Processing and Receivers: Theory / 4：

Signal Processing and Stationary Stochastic Processes / 4.1：

Probability Density, Expectation Values and Ergodicity / 4.1.1：

Autocorrelation and Power Spectrum / 4.1.2：

Linear Systems / 4.1.3：

Filters / 4.1.4：

Digitization and Sampling / 4.1.5：

Gaussian Random Variables / 4.1.6：

Square Law Detectors / 4.1.7：

Limiting Receiver Sensitivity / 4.2：

Noise Uncertainties due to Random Processes / 4.2.1：

Receiver Stability / 4.2.2：

Receiver Calibration / 4.2.3：

Practical Receiver Systems / 5：

Historical Introduction / 5.1：

Bolometer Radiometers / 5.1.1：

The Noise Equivalent Power of a Bolometer / 5.1.2：

Currently Used Bolometer Systems / 5.1.3：

Coherent Receivers / 5.2：

The Minimum Noise in a Coherent System / 5.2.1：

Basic Components: Passive Devices / 5.2.2：

Basic Components: Active Devices / 5.2.3：

Semiconductor Junctions / 5.2.4：

Practical HEMT Devices / 5.2.5：

Superconducting Mixers / 5.2.6：

Hot Electron Bolometers / 5.2.7：

Summary of Front Ends Presently in Use / 5.3：

Single Pixel Receiver Systems / 5.3.1：

Multibeam Systems / 5.3.2：

Back Ends: Correlation Receivers, Polarimeters and Spectrometers / 5.4：

Correlation Receivers and Polarimeters / 5.4.1：

Spectrometers / 5.4.2：

Fourier and Autocorrelation Spectrometers / 5.4.3：

Pulsar Back Ends / 5.4.4：

Fundamentals of Antenna Theory / 6：

Electromagnetic Potentials / 6.1：

Green's Function for the Wave Equation / 6.2：

The Hertz Dipole / 6.3：

Arrays of Emitters / 6.3.1：

Arrays of Hertz Dipoles / 6.3.2：

Radiation Fields of Filled Antennas / 6.4：

Two Dimensional Far Field / 6.4.1：

Three Dimensional Far Field / 6.4.2：

Circular Apertures / 6.4.3：

Antenna Taper Related to Power Pattern / 6.4.4：

The Reciprocity Theorem / 6.5：

Summary / 6.6：

Practical Aspects of Filled Aperture Antennas / 7：

Descriptive Antenna Parameters / 7.1：

The Power Pattern P(?, ?) / 7.1.1：

The Main Beam Solid Angle / 7.1.2：

The Effective Aperture / 7.1.3：

The Concept of Antenna Temperature / 7.1.4：

Primary Feeds / 7.2：

Prime Focus Feeds: Dipole and Reflector / 7.2.1：

Horn Feeds Used Today / 7.2.2：

Multiple Reflector Systems / 7.2.3：

Antenna Tolerance Theory / 7.3：

The Practical Design of Parabolic Reflectors / 7.4：

General Considerations / 7.4.1：

Specific Telescopes / 7.4.2：

Single Dish Observational Methods / 7.5：

The Earth's Atmosphere / 8.1：

Calibration Procedures / 8.2：

General / 8.2.1：

Compact Sources / 8.2.2：

Extended Sources / 8.2.3：

Calibration of cm Wavelength Telescopes / 8.2.4：

Calibration of mm and sub-mm Wavelength Telescopes for Heterodyne Systems / 8.2.5：

Bolometer Calibrations / 8.2.6：

Continuum Observing Strategies / 8.3：

Point Sources / 8.3.1：

Imaging of Extended Continuum Sources / 8.3.2：

Additional Requirements for Spectral Line Observations / 8.4：

Radial Velocity Settings / 8.4.1：

Stability of the Frequency Bandpass / 8.4.2：

Instrumental Frequency Baselines / 8.4.3：

The Effect of Stray Radiation / 8.4.4：

Spectral Line Observing Strategies / 8.4.5：

The Confusion Problem / 8.5：

Introduction / 8.5.1：

Interferometers and Aperture Synthesis / 9：

The Quest for Angular Resolution / 9.1：

The Two Element Interferometer / 9.1.1：

Two-Element Interferometers / 9.2：

Hardware Requirements / 9.2.1：

Calibration / 9.2.2：

Responses of Interferometers / 9.2.3：

Aperture Synthesis / 9.3：

An Appropriate Coordinate System / 9.3.1：

Historical Development / 9.3.2：

Interferometric Observations / 9.3.3：

Improving Visibility Functions / 9.3.4：

Multi-Antenna Array Calibrations / 9.3.5：

Data Processing / 9.3.6：

Advanced Image Improvement Methods / 9.4：

Self-Calibration / 9.4.1：

Applying Clean to the Dirty Map / 9.4.2：

Maximum Entropy Deconvolution Method (MEM) / 9.4.3：

Interferometer Sensitivity / 9.5：

Very Long Baseline Interferometers / 9.6：

Interferometers in Astrometry and Geodesy / 9.7：

Emission Mechanisms of Continuous Radiation / 10：

The Nature of Radio Sources / 10.1：

Black Body Radiation from Astronomical Objects / 10.1.1：

Radiation from Accelerated Electrons / 10.2：

The Frequency Distribution of Bremsstrahlung for an Individual Encounter / 10.3：

The Radiation of an Ionized Gas Cloud / 10.4：

Nonthermal Radiation Mechanisms / 10.5：

Review of the Lorentz Transformation / 10.6：

The Synchrotron Radiation of a Single Electron / 10.7：

The Total Power Radiated / 10.7.1：

The Angular Distribution of Radiation / 10.7.2：

The Frequency Distribution of the Emission / 10.7.3：

The Spectrum and Polarization of Synchrotron Radiation / 10.8：

The Spectral Distribution of Synchrotron Radiation from an ensemble of Electrons / 10.9：

Homogeneous Magnetic Field / 10.9.1：

Random Magnetic Field / 10.9.2：

Energy Requirements of Synchrotron Sources / 10.10：

Low-Energy Cut-Offs in Nonthermal Sources / 10.11：

Inverse Compton Scattering / 10.12：

The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect / 10.12.1：

Energy Loss from High-Brightness Sources / 10.12.2：

Some Examples of Thermal and Nonthermal Radio Sources / 11：

The Quiet Sun / 11.1：

Radio Radiation from H II Regions / 11.2：

Thermal Radiation / 11.2.1：

Radio Radiation from Ionized Stellar Winds / 11.2.2：

Supernovae and Supernova Remnants / 11.3：

The Hydrodynamic Evolution of Supernova Remnants / 11.4：

The Free-Expansion Phase / 11.4.1：

The Second Phase: Adiabatic Expansion / 11.4.2：

The Radio Evolution of Older Supernova Remnants / 11.5：

Pulsars / 11.6：

Detection and Source Nature / 11.6.1：

Distance Estimates and Galactic Distribution / 11.6.2：

Intensity Spectrum and Pulse Morphology / 11.6.3：

Pulsar Timing / 11.6.4：

Rotational Slowdown and Magnetic Moment / 11.6.5：

Binary Pulsars and Millisecond Pulsars / 11.6.6：

Radio Emission Mechanism / 11.6.7：

Extragalactic Sources / 11.7：

Radio Galaxies: Cygnus A / 11.7.1：

An Example of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect: Clusters of Galaxies / 11.7.2：

Relativistic Effects and Time Variability / 11.7.3：

Spectral Line Fundamentals / 12：

The Einstein Coefficients / 12.1：

Radiative Transfer with Einstein Coefficients / 12.2：

Dipole Transition Probabilities / 12.3：

Simple Solutions of the Rate Equation / 12.4：

Line Radiation of Neutral Hydrogen / 13：

The 21 cm Line of Neutral Hydrogen / 13.1：

The Zeeman Effect / 13.2：

Spin Temperatures / 13.3：

Emission and Absorption Lines / 13.4：

The Influence of Beam Filling Factors and Source Geometry / 13.4.1：

The Physical State of the Diffuse Interstellar Gas / 13.5：

Differential Velocity Fields and the Shape of Spectral Lines / 13.6：

The Galactic Velocity Field in the Interstellar Gas / 13.7：

Atomic Lines in External Galaxies / 13.8：

Virial Masses / 13.8.1：

The Tully-Fisher Relation / 13.8.2：

Recombination Lines / 14：

Emission Nebulae / 14.1：

Photoionization Structure of Gaseous Nebulae / 14.2：

Pure Hydrogen Nebulae / 14.2.1：

Hydrogen and Helium Nebulae / 14.2.2：

Actual HII Regions / 14.2.3：

Rydberg Atoms / 14.3：

Line Intensities Under LTE Conditions / 14.4：

Line Intensities when LTE Conditions do not Apply / 14.5：

Collisional Broadening / 14.5.1：

The Interpretation of Radio Recombination Line Observations / 14.6：

Anomalous Cases / 14.6.1：

Recombination Lines from Other Elements / 14.7：

Overview of Molecular Basics / 15：

Basic Concepts / 15.1：

Rotational Spectra of Diatomic Molecules / 15.2：

Hyperfine Structure in Linear Molecules / 15.2.1：

Vibrational Transitions / 15.3：

Line Intensities of Linear Molecules / 15.4：

Total Column Densities of CO Under LTE Conditions / 15.4.1：

Symmetric Top Molecules / 15.5：

Energy Levels / 15.5.1：

Spin Statistics / 15.5.2：

Hyperfine Structure / 15.5.3：

Line Intensities and Column Densities / 15.5.4：

Asymmetric Top Molecules / 15.6：

Spin Statistics and Selection Rules / 15.6.1：

Line Intensities and Column Densitiess / 15.6.3：

Electronic Angular Momentum / 15.6.4：

Molecules with Hindered Motions / 15.6.5：

Molecules in Interstellar Space / 16：

History / 16.1：

Molecular Excitation / 16.2：

Excitation of a Two-Level System / 16.2.1：

Maser Emission Processes in One Dimension / 16.2.2：

Non-LTE Excitation of Molecules / 16.2.3：

Models of Radiative Transfer / 16.3：

The Large Velocity Gradient Model / 16.3.1：

Spectral Lines as Diagnostic Tools / 16.4：

Kinetic Temperatures / 16.4.1：

Linewidths, Radial Motions and Intensity Distributions / 16.4.2：

Mass Estimates and Cloud Stability / 16.4.3：

Signatures of Cloud Collapse / 16.4.8：

A Selected Sample of Results / 16.5：

Chemistry / 16.6：

Clouds for which the UV Field can be Neglected / 16.6.1：

Models of Photon Dominated Regions / 16.6.2：

Results / 16.6.3：

Ion-Molecule Chemistry / 16.6.4：

Grain Chemistry / 16.6.5：

Searches for New Molecules / 16.6.6：

Some Useful Vector Relations / A：

The Fourier Transform / B：

The Van Vleck Clipping Correction: One Bit Quantization / C：

The Hankel Transform / D：

A List of Calibration Radio Sources / F：

The Mutual Coherence Function and van Cittert-Zernike Theorem / G：

The Mutual Coherence Function / G.1：

The Coherence Function of Extended Sources: The van Cittert-Zernike Theorem / G.2：

Bibliography

Index

Radio Astronomical Fundamentals / 1：

On the Role of Radio Astronomy in Astrophysics / 1.1：

The Radio Window / 1.2：

Some Basic Definitions / 1.3：

Radiative Transfer / 1.4：

Black Body Radiation and the Brightness Temperature / 1.5：

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