Preface |
Chapter 1 Systems Description and Models in Economics |
Purpose of This Chapter 1 |
1.1 A Systems Description of Economics Systems 1 |
1.2 Paradigm Shift 3 |
1.3 Conception of This Book 4 |
1.4 Methodological Issue 5 |
1.5 Three Types of Realities 7 |
1.6 Beyond the Systems View of Natural Science 9 |
1.7 An Epistemological Framework for a Poly Agent System 10 |
Chapter 2 Mathematical Research of Evolution and Structural Change -Social Learning Dynamics and Its Bifurcation- |
Aim of This Chapter 13 |
2.1 Structural Change and Bifurcation in Social Sciences 13 |
2.2 Game Theory and Evolutionary Games 16 |
2.3 Social Learning Dynamics 19 |
2.4 Asymmetrical Social Learning Dynamics 22 |
Chapter 3 A Social and Organization Learning Model of Decision Making ーApplication of SLD and Agent Based Simulation- |
Purpose of This Chapter 25 |
3.1 Indirect Control 25 |
3.2 Norm Formation, Mutual Commitment and Structural Change 28 |
3.3 Social Learning Dynamics of the Norm Game 30 |
3.4 Centralized and Hierarchical Commitment and Support 35 |
3.4.1 Type of Commitments 35 |
3.4.2 Educational Effect and Supporting Commitment 36 |
3.5 The Historical Change of Social Commitment Structure 39 |
3.6 Commitment and Learning Rationality 41 |
Chapter 4 The Tragedy of the Commons and Its Agent Based and Gaming Modeling |
Aim of This Chapter 43 |
4.1 Gaming Simulation and ABM 43 |
4.2 Environment Management Gaming 44 |
4.3 How to Play Environment Management Gaming 45 |
4.4 The Facilitator's Guide of Environment Management Gaming 47 |
(1) Purpose of the Facilitator's Guide 47 |
(2) Assumption 48 |
(3) Preparation of Gaming 48 |
(4) Reproduction Rate 48 |
(5) Gaming Termination 51 |
(6) Institutional Design 52 |
(7) Debriefing 52 |
4.5 Human Gaming Simulation of the Commons 52 |
4.6 Agent Based Simulation and Classifier 54 |
4.7 Agent Based Simulation of the Commons 56 |
4.8 Agent Based Simulation of the Commons 58 |
4.8.1 Agent Based Simulation and Fact Finding 58 |
4.8.2 Change of Value 58 |
4.8.3 Tax and Subsidy as Institutional Mechanisms of Agent Society 60 |
4.8.4 Random Strategy and Docking Method 64 |
Chapter 5 State Space Complexity and Exchange Algebra |
Purpose of This Chapter 67 |
5.1 Introduction 67 |
5.2 Axiomatic Foundation of Economic Exchange 70 |
5.3 Exchange Algebra 84 |
5.3.1 Concept of Exchange and Economics 84 |
5.3.2 Redundant Algebra 84 |
5.3.3 Exchange Algebra 88 |
5.4 Concluding Remarks 94 |
Chapter 6 The National Economic Field and Algebraic Reconstruction of SNA |
Aim of This Chapter 95 |
6.1 The Virtual Economy 95 |
6.2 The Structure of Economic Field and SNA 96 |
6.3 Classification of Transactions 100 |
6.3.1 Introduction 100 |
6.3.2 Main Decision Making 103 |
(6.3.2.1) [Price[e](t): Decision Making] 103 |
(6.3.2.2) [Material Purchase, Production, Selling: Decision Making] 103 |
(6.3.2.3) [Equipment Investments: Decision Making of Buying Machinery] 106 |
(6.3.2.4) [Employment: Decision Making for Wages and Numbers in Employment] 106 |
(6.3.2.5) [Financing: Decision Making] 107 |
(6.3.2.6) [Financial Parameters: Decision Making] 110 |
(6.3.2.7) [Government: Policy Making] 110 |
6.3.3 Accompanying Decision Making 110 |
(6.3.3.1) [Government Production and Consumption] 110 |
(6.3.3.2) [Household Consumption Expenditure] 110 |
(6.3.3.3) [Depreciation and Scrapping of Equipment] 110 |
(6.3.3.4) [The Adjustment of Value Added Depending on the Change of Product Stock Price] 111 |
(6.3.3.5) [Income Transfer by the Payment of Interest and Tax] 112 |
(6.3.3.6) [The Issue and Redemption of Central Bank Notes] 114 |
(6.3.3.7) Transfer Transactions 114 |
6.3.4 Bottom Up Construction of Macro Economic Variables 127 |
(6.3.4.1) [Sector-Deposit: S(ω)] 127 |
(6.3.4.2) [Sector-Investment: I(ω)] 129 |
(6.3.4.3) [Sector-Value added: Y(ω)] 131 |
(6.3.4.4) [Sector-Consumption: C(ω)] 131 |
(6.3.4.5) [Sector-Export & Import: EX[e](ω),IM[e](ω)] 131 |
(6.3.4.6) [Macro National Economic Variables] 132 |
6.4 National Economic Field: Aggregation 132 |
6.5 National Economic Field and Bottom Up Reconstruction of SNA 134 |
6.5.1 Sector-National Economy Field: Flow Quantities 134 |
6.5.2 Sector-National Economy Field: Stock Quantities 162 |
6.6 Integrated National Economic Field 164 |
6.6.1 Integrated National Economy Field: Flow Quantities 164 |
6.6.2 Integrated National Economic Field: Stock Quantities 166 |
6.6.3 Basic Identity Equation among Macro Economic Variables 167 |
6.7 Conclusion 172 |
Chapter 7 Gaming Simulation and the Dynamics of a Virtual Economy |
Aim of This Chapter 173 |
7.1 Introduction 173 |
7.2 Assumption of Virtual Economy Gaming 174 |
7.3 Three Types of Gaming Simulation for a Virtual Economy 176 |
7.3.1 Dictator's View Model 176 |
7.3.2 Bird's Eye View Model 176 |
7.3.3 Human Gaming of a Bird's Eye View Model 180 |
7.4 Multi Player's Gaming Model 182 |
7.5 The Failure and Success of Economic Growth by Gaming 184 |
(1) A Case of Failure: Crash 184 |
(2) A Successful Case 185 |
7.6 A Multiplier Analysis of a Virtual Economy 187 |
7.7 Agent Based Simulation of Bird's Eye View Model 189 |
7.8 Long Term Growth Path 190 |
7.8.1 Maximizing Consumption Utility Case 190 |
7.8.2 Maximizing Investment Utility Case 192 |
7.9 Conclusion 194 |
Chapter 8 Network Oriented Industrial Structures |
Aim of This Chapter 197 |
8.1 What Is a Network? 197 |
8.1.1 A Network as a Platform 197 |
8.1.2 The Concept of a Network in Sociology, Economics, and Business Administration 199 |
8.2 Industrial Networks in the Software Industry 200 |
8.2.1 Network Platforms in the Information Industry 200 |
8.2.2 Industrial Structure as Connections of Objects 204 |
8.2.3 Knowledge Oriented Transformation in the Computer Industry 206 |
8.3 Networks of Medium and Small Enterprises 209 |
8.3.1 An Industrial Agglomeration Network 209 |
8.3.2 Providing an Industrial Agglomeration Network with Information Capabilities 212 |
8.4 The Merits of a Network and Networks of Medium and Small Companies 213 |
8.4.1 Inequalities that Reveal the Merits of Networks 213 |
8.4.2 Two Possibilities of Knowledge Oriented Transformation of the Industry and the Centralization and Distribution of Knowledge 214 |
8.4.3 Open Technology Society 216 |
Notes 217 |
Chapter 9 Learning Dynamics in Platform Externality |
9.1 Platform Concept 219 |
9.2 Platform Externality 222 |
9.3 Model of Platform Externality and Lock In 223 |
9.4 Bifurcation Analysis of Social Learning Dynamics 231 |
9.5 Platform Goods and Technological Innovation 232 |
9.5.1 Technological Innovation and the Product Lifecycle 232 |
9.5.2 Examples of Platform Goods and Technological Innovation 234 |
(1) Electric Power Network 234 |
(2) ADSL Service 234 |
(3) Game Machine Market and Competition among Business Models of the Market 235 |
(4) Platform of Distribution Industry 236 |
(5) Case Study of the Photocopier Market 236 |
(6) Microsoft OS and Network Strategy 237 |
9.5.3 The Technological Innovation Strategy of Platform Providing Companies 238 |
(1) Competition of Service Goods 238 |
(2) Competition among Platform Goods 238 |
9.5.4 Institutional Design of a Platform-type Industry Structure 239 |
9.6 Cultural Platforms 240 |
9.6.1 Introduction 240 |
9.6.2 Language and Culture as Platform Goods 240 |
9.6.3 Competition and Coexistence of Cultural Elements 241 |
9.6.4 Design of a New Civilization 242 |
References 245 |
Index 255 |
Preface |
Chapter 1 Systems Description and Models in Economics |
Purpose of This Chapter 1 |