Basics / Part I.: |
Introduction / 1.: |
Mobile and Personal Satellite Communications / 1.1: |
Applications of Mobile Satellite Communications / 1.1.1: |
Personal Satellite Communications / 1.1.2: |
UMTS, IMT-2000 / 1.1.3: |
Broadband Multimedia Satellite Communications / 1.2: |
Frequency Bands / 1.3: |
Key Aspects of Satellite Communication Systems / 1.4: |
Satellite Orbits, Constellations, and System Concepts / 2.: |
Satellite Orbits / 2.1: |
Elliptical and Circular Orbits / 2.1.1: |
Satellite Velocity and Orbit Period / 2.1.2: |
Orientation of the Orbit Plane / 2.1.3: |
Typical Circular Orbits / 2.1.4: |
Orbit Perturbations / 2.1.5: |
Ground Tracks / 2.1.6: |
Satellite--Earth Geometry / 2.2: |
Geometric Relations between Satellite and Earth Terminal / 2.2.1: |
Coverage Area / 2.2.2: |
Satellite Constellations / 2.3: |
Inclined Walker Constellations / 2.3.1: |
Polar Constellations / 2.3.2: |
Asynchronous Polar Constellations / 2.3.3: |
GEO System Concept / 2.4: |
Inmarsat-3 / 2.4.1: |
EAST (Euro African Satellite Telecommunications) / 2.4.2: |
LEO System Concept / 2.5: |
Globalstar / 2.5.1: |
Intersatellite Links and On-Board Processing / 2.5.2: |
Iridium / 2.5.3: |
MEO System Concept / 2.6: |
ICO / 2.6.1: |
Satellite Launches / 2.7: |
Signal Propagation and Link Budget / 3.: |
Satellite Link Budget / 3.1: |
Antenna Characteristics / 3.1.1: |
Free Space Loss and Received Power / 3.1.2: |
Link Budget / 3.1.3: |
Spot Beam Concept / 3.1.4: |
Peculiarities of Satellite Links / 3.2: |
Dependence on Elevation / 3.2.1: |
Time Dependence of Satellite Links / 3.2.2: |
Faraday Rotation / 3.2.3: |
Signal Shadowing and Multipath Fading / 3.3: |
Narrowband Model for the Land Mobile Satellite Channel / 3.3.1: |
Satellite Channels at Higher Frequencies / 3.3.2: |
Wideband Model for the Land Mobile Satellite Channel / 3.3.3: |
Link Availability and Satellite Diversity / 3.4: |
Concept of Satellite Diversity / 3.4.1: |
Correlation of Channels / 3.4.2: |
Link Availability and Satellite Diversity Service Area / 3.4.3: |
System Implications / 3.5: |
Signal Transmission / 4.: |
Speech Coding / 4.1: |
Quality of Coded Speech / 4.1.1: |
Overview of Speech Coding Schemes / 4.1.2: |
Modulation / 4.2: |
Modulation Schemes for Mobile Satellite Communications / 4.2.1: |
Bandwidth Requirement of Modulated Signals / 4.2.2: |
Bit Error Rate in the Gaussian Channel / 4.2.3: |
Bit Error Rate in the Ricean and Rayleigh Fading Channel / 4.2.4: |
Channel Coding (Forward Error Correction, FEC) / 4.3: |
Convolutional Coding / 4.3.1: |
Block Coding / 4.3.2: |
Error Protection with Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) / 4.3.3: |
RS Codes / 4.3.4: |
Performance of Block Codes / 4.3.5: |
Performance of Block Codes in Fading Channels / 4.3.6: |
Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) / 4.4: |
Stop-and-Wait ARQ / 4.4.1: |
Go-Back-N ARQ / 4.4.2: |
Selective-Repeat ARQ / 4.4.3: |
Typical Error Control Schemes in Mobile Satellite Communications / 4.5: |
Satellite Systems for Mobile/Personal Communications / Part II.: |
Multiple Access / 5.: |
Duplexing / 5.1: |
Frequency-Division Duplexing (FDD) / 5.1.1: |
Time-Division Duplexing (TDD) / 5.1.2: |
Multiplexing / 5.2: |
Slotted Aloha Multiple Access / 5.3: |
The Principle of Slotted Aloha / 5.4.1: |
Throughput of Slotted Aloha / 5.4.2: |
Mean Transmission Delay for Slotted Aloha / 5.4.3: |
Pure Aloha Multiple Access / 5.4.4: |
Frequency-Division Multiple Access, FDMA / 5.5: |
Adjacent Channel Interference / 5.5.1: |
Required Bandwidth for FDMA / 5.5.2: |
Intermodulation / 5.5.3: |
Pros and Cons of FDMA / 5.5.4: |
Time-Division Multiple Access, TDMA / 5.6: |
Bandwidth Demand and Efficiency of TDMA / 5.6.1: |
Burst Synchronization in the Receiving Satellite / 5.6.2: |
Slot Synchronization in the Transmitting TDMA Terminals / 5.6.3: |
Pros and Cons of TDMA / 5.6.4: |
Code-Division Multiple Access, CDMA / 5.7: |
Direct-Sequence CDMA (DS-CDMA) / 5.8: |
Generation and Characteristics of Signature Sequences / 5.8.1: |
Investigation of Asynchronous DS-CDMA in the Time Domain / 5.8.2: |
Investigation of Asynchronous DS-CDMA in the Frequency Domain / 5.8.3: |
Multi-Frequency CDMA, MF-CDMA / 5.8.4: |
Qualcomm Return Link CDMA (Globalstar) / 5.8.5: |
Synchronous Orthogonal DS-CDMA with Coherent Detection / 5.8.6: |
CDMA Receivers / 5.9: |
PN Code Synchronization in the CDMA Receiver / 5.9.1: |
Rake Receiver / 5.9.2: |
CDMA Multiuser Detection / 5.9.3: |
Characteristics of CDMA / 5.10: |
CDMA for the Satellite UMTS Air Interface / 5.11: |
The ESA Wideband CDMA Scheme / 5.11.1: |
The ESA Wideband Hybrid CDMA/TDMA Scheme / 5.11.2: |
Cellular Satellite Systems / 6.: |
Concept of the Hexagonal Radio Cell Pattern / 6.1: |
Cell Cluster and Frequency Reuse / 6.1.2: |
Co-Channel Interference in the Uplink / 6.2: |
Co-Channel Interference for FDMA and TDMA Uplinks / 6.2.1: |
Co-Channel Interference for an Asynchronous DS-CDMA Uplink / 6.2.2: |
Co-Channel Interference in the Downlink / 6.3: |
Co-Channel Interference for FDMA and TDMA Downlinks / 6.3.1: |
Co-Channel Interference for CDMA Downlinks / 6.3.2: |
Bandwidth Demand and Traffic Capacity of Cellular Satellite Networks / 6.4: |
Total System Bandwidth / 6.4.1: |
Traffic Capacity per Radio Cell / 6.4.2: |
Traffic Capacity of the System / 6.4.3: |
Required User Link Capacity of a Satellite / 6.4.4: |
Overall Network Capacity Considerations / 6.4.5: |
Network Aspects / 7.: |
Architecture of Satellite Systems for Mobile/Personal Communications / 7.1: |
Network Control / 7.2: |
Tasks of Network Control / 7.2.1: |
Signaling Channels of the Air Interface / 7.2.2: |
Mobility Management / 7.3: |
Service Area of a Gateway Station / 7.3.1: |
Location Area / 7.3.2: |
Registration and Location Update / 7.3.3: |
Paging / 7.4: |
Call Control / 7.5: |
Setup of a Mobile Originating Call / 7.5.1: |
Setup of a Mobile Terminating Call / 7.5.2: |
Dynamic Channel Allocation / 7.6: |
C/I-Based DCA / 7.6.1: |
DCA Using a Cost Function / 7.6.2: |
Handover / 7.7: |
Handover Decision / 7.7.1: |
Handover Procedure / 7.7.2: |
Channel Allocation at Handover / 7.7.3: |
Call Completion Probability / 7.8: |
Routing / 7.9: |
Routing in LEO/MEO Satellite Networks / 7.9.1: |
Off-Line Dynamic ISL Routing Concept / 7.9.2: |
On-line Adaptive ISL Routing / 7.9.3: |
Integration of Terrestrial and Satellite Mobile Networks / 7.10: |
Satellite Technology / 8.: |
Satellite Subsystems / 8.1: |
Antenna Technology / 8.2: |
GEO Antennas for Mobile Links with Spot Beams / 8.2.1: |
LEO/MEO Antennas / 8.2.2: |
Payload Architecture / 8.3: |
Regulatory, Organizational, and Financial Aspects / 9.: |
Allocation of Frequency Bands / 9.1: |
Licensing/Regulation / 9.2: |
Granting a System License / 9.2.1: |
Licensing in the USA / 9.2.2: |
Licensing in Europe / 9.2.3: |
Common Use of Frequency Bands by Several Systems / 9.2.4: |
Global Licensing and Political Aspects / 9.2.5: |
Financing and Marketing of S-PCN Systems / 9.3: |
Operation of S-PCN Systems / 9.4: |
Satellite Systems for Broadband Multimedia Communications / Part III.: |
Multimedia Communications in Satellite Systems / 10.: |
Types of Broadband Communication Networks / 10.1: |
Traditional Circuit-Switched Networks and the Packet-Switched Internet / 10.1.1: |
New Multimedia Satellite Systems Using New Satellite Orbits / 10.1.2: |
Multimedia Services and Traffic Characterization / 10.2: |
Video Traffic and MPEG Coding / 10.2.1: |
Self-Similar Traffic / 10.2.2: |
ATM-Based Communication in Satellite Systems / 10.3: |
Principles of ATM / 10.3.1: |
Implications for ATM-Based Satellite Networks / 10.3.2: |
Internet Services via Satellite Systems / 10.4: |
Principles of TCP/IP / 10.4.1: |
Internet Protocol (IP) / 10.4.2: |
Transport Control Protocol (TCP) / 10.4.3: |
TCP/IP in the Satellite Environment / 10.4.4: |
IP over ATM in the Satellite Environment / 10.4.5: |
ATM-Based Satellite Networks / 11.: |
System Architecture / 11.1: |
Services / 11.2: |
Protocol Architecture / 11.3: |
ATM Resource Management / 11.4: |
Connection Admission Control and Usage Parameter Control / 11.4.1: |
Congestion Control, Traffic Shaping, and Flow Control / 11.4.2: |
Multiple Access for ATM Satellite Systems / 11.5: |
TDMA-Based Multiple Access / 11.5.1: |
CDMA-Based Multiple Access / 11.5.2: |
Radio Resource Management / 11.6: |
Error Control / 11.7: |
Network Dimensioning / 12.: |
Spot Beam Capacity Dimensioning for GEO Systems / 12.1: |
Motivation and Approach / 12.1.1: |
Market Prediction / 12.1.2: |
Generic Multiservice Source Traffic Model / 12.1.3: |
Calculation of the Spot Beam Capacity Requirements / 12.1.4: |
System Bandwidth Demand Calculation / 12.1.5: |
Applied Spot Beam Capacity Dimensioning: A Case Study / 12.1.6: |
ISL Capacity Dimensioning for LEO Systems / 12.2: |
Topological Design of the ISL Network / 12.2.1: |
ISL Routing Concept / 12.2.2: |
Numerical Example / 12.2.3: |
Extensions of the Dimensioning Approach / 12.2.5: |
Appendix |
Satellite Spot Beams and Map Transformations / A.: |
Map Projections and Satellite Views / A.1: |
Generation of Satellite Spot Beams / A.2: |
Parameters of the Land Mobile Satellite Channel / B.: |
Narrowband Two-State Model at L Band / B.1: |
Narrowband Two-State Model at EHF Band / B.2: |
Wideband Model at L Band / B.3: |
Existing and Planned Satellite Systems / C.: |
Survey of Satellite Systems / C.1: |
ACeS (Asia Cellular Satellite) / C.2: |
Astrolink / C.3: |
EuroSky Way / C.4: |
ICO (Intermediate Circular Orbits) / C.5: |
Inmarsat-3/Inmarsat mini-M / C.7: |
Orbcomm / C.8: |
Sky Bridge / C.10: |
Sky Station / C.11: |
Spaceway / C.12: |
Teledesic / C.13: |
References |
Index |