Introduction |
Aim and Scope / 1: |
Neumann Problems / 2: |
Introduction of Internal Approximations / 3: |
Properties of Internal Approximations / 4: |
Stability, Optimal Stability, and Regularity of the Convergence / 5: |
The Case of Operators Mapping a Hilbert Space onto Its Dual / 6: |
Finite-Element Approximations of Sobolev Spaces / 7: |
Approximation of Nonhomogeneous Neumann Problems / 8: |
Approximations of Nonhomogeneous Dirichlet Problems / 9: |
A Posteriori Error Estimates / 10: |
External and Partial Approximations / 11: |
General Outline / 12: |
Approximation of Solutions of Neumann Problems for Second-Order Linear Differential Equations |
Weak Solutions of Neumann Problems for Second-Order Linear Differential Operators |
The Neumann Boundary-Value Problem / 1-1: |
Definition of Distributions / 1-2: |
Weak Derivatives of a Distribution / 1-3: |
Variational Formulation of the Problem / 1-4: |
Weak Solutions of the Neumann Boundary-Value Problem / 1-5: |
Sobolev Spaces / 1-6: |
The Lax-Milgram Theorem / 1-7: |
Approximation of an Abstract Variational Problem |
The Galerkin Approximation of a Separable Hilbert Space / 2-1: |
Approximation of a Hilbert Space / 2-2: |
Internal Approximation of a Variational Equation / 2-3: |
Existence, Uniqueness, and Convergence Properties / 2-4: |
Estimates of Global Error / 2-5: |
What Kind of Approximations Should Be Chosen? / 2-6: |
Examples of Approximations of Sobolev Spaces |
Piecewise-Linear Approximations of the Sobolev Space H[superscript 1] (I) / 3-1: |
Estimates of Error Functions of Piecewise-Linear Approximations / 3-2: |
Examples of Approximate Equations |
Construction of a Finite-Difference Scheme / 4-1: |
A Simpler Finite-Difference Scheme / 4-2: |
Approximations of Hilbert Spaces |
Hilbert Spaces and Their Duals |
Dual of a Hilbert Space and Canonical Isometry |
Example: Finite-Dimensional Hilbert Spaces |
Hahn-Banach Theorem |
Dual of a Dense Subspace |
Imbedding of a Space into Its Dual |
Example: Imbedding of Spaces of Functions into Spaces of Distributions |
Dual of Closed Subspaces and Factor Spaces |
Applications to Error Estimates / 1-8: |
Dual of a Product / 1-9: |
Dual of Domains of Operators / 1-10: |
Examples: Dual of Sobolev Spaces H[subscript 0 superscript m](I) / 1-11: |
Properties of Bounded Sets of Operators; Uniform Boundedness / 1-12: |
Banach Theorem / 1-13: |
Dual of Sobolev Spaces H[superscript m](I) / 1-14: |
The Riesz-Fredholm Alternative / 1-15: |
V-Elliptic and Coercive Operators / 1-16: |
Quasi-Optimal Approximations |
Stability Functions |
Duality Relations between Error and Stability Functions |
Estimates of the Stability Functions |
Quasi-Optimal Approximations; Estimate of the Error Function |
Truncation Errors and Error Functions |
Optimal Approximations |
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of Symmetric Compact Operators |
Optimal Galerkin Approximations |
Convergence and Optimality Properties / 3-3: |
Spaces H[subscript Theta] / 3-4: |
Optimal Restrictions and Prolongations; Applications |
Optimal Restrictions and Prolongations |
Dual Approximations |
Construction of Optimal Prolongations and Restrictions / 4-3: |
Miscellaneous Remarks / 4-4: |
Characterization of Error and Stability Functions / 4-5: |
Spaces of Order [Theta] / 4-6: |
Approximation of Operators |
Internal Approximations |
Construction of an Internal Approximate Equation |
The Case of Finite-Dimensional Discrete Spaces |
The Case of Operators from V onto V[prime] |
Stability of Internal Approximations of Operators |
Convergence and Error Estimates |
Approximation of a Sum of an Isomorphism and a Compact Operator |
Approximation of Coercive and V-Elliptic Operators |
Optimal and Quasi-Optimal Stability |
Regularity of the Convergence and Estimates of Error in Terms of n-Width |
Stability and Convergence in Smaller Spaces |
Stability and Convergence in Larger Spaces |
Approximation of the Value of a Functional at a Solution |
Discrete Convergence, Consistency, and Optimal Approximation of Linear Operators |
Discrete Convergence and Consistency |
Optimal Approximation of Operators and Internal Approximations |
Estimates of Error and Discrete Errors |
Finite-Element Approximation of Functions of One Variable |
Approximation of Functions of L[superscript 2] by Step Functions and by Convolution |
The Space L[superscript 2] and the Discrete Space L[subscript h superscript 2]] |
The Prolongations P[subscript h superscript 0] |
The Restrictions r[subscript h] |
The Theorem of Convergence |
Convolution of Functions and Measures |
Approximation by Convolution |
Piecewise-Polynomial Approximations of Sobolev Spaces H[superscript m] |
Finite-Difference Operators |
Construction of Approximations of the Space H[superscript m] |
Convergence Theorem |
Explicit Form of Functions [Pi subscript m] |
Properties of the Prolongations p[subscript h superscript m] |
Optimal Properties of Prolongations p[subscript h superscript m] / 2-7: |
Finite-Element Approximations of Sobolev Spaces H[superscript m] |
Finite-Element Approximations |
The Criterion of m-Convergence |
Characterization of Convergent Finite-Element Approximations |
Stability Properties of Finite-Element Approximations |
Finite-Element Approximation of Functions of Several Variables |
Approximations of the Sobolev Spaces H[superscript m](R[superscript n]) |
Notations |
(2m + 1)[superscript n]-Level Piecewise-Polynomial Approximations |
[2(2m)[superscript n] - (2m - 1)[superscript n]]-Level Piecewise-Polynomial Approximations |
Approximations of the Sobolev Spaces H[superscript m]([Omega]) |
Sobolev Spaces H[superscript m]([Omega]) |
Finite-Element Approximations of H[superscript m]([Omega]) |
Quasi-Optimal Finite-Element Approximations of H[superscript m]([Omega]) |
Piecewise-Polynomial Approximations of H[superscript m]([Omega]) |
Approximation of the Sobolev Spaces H[subscript 0 superscript m]([Omega]) |
Sobolev Spaces H[subscript 0 superscript m]([Omega]) |
Finite-Element Approximations of H[subscript 0 superscript m]([Omega]) |
Convergent Finite-Element Approximations of H[subscript 0 superscript m]([Omega]) |
Boundary-Value Problems and the Trace Theorem |
Some Variational Boundary-Value Problems for the Laplacian |
The Laplacian |
Characterization of Sobolev Spaces H[subscript 0 superscript 1]([Omega]) |
The Green Formula |
The Dirichlet Problem for the Laplacian |
The Neumann Problem for the Laplacian |
A Mixed Problem for the Laplacian |
An Oblique Problem for the Laplacian |
Existence and Uniqueness of the Solutions |
Variational Boundary-Value Problems and Their Adjoints |
Spaces V, H and Operator [gamma] |
Formal Operator [Lambda] Associated with a(u, v) |
Abstract Neumann and Dirichlet Problems Associated with a(u, v) |
Mixed Type Boundary-Value Problems Associated with a(u, v) |
Existence and Uniqueness of the Solutions of Boundary-Value Problems |
Formal Adjoint of an Operator and Green's Formula |
Theorems of Regularity / 2-8: |
The Trace Theorem and Properties of Sobolev Spaces |
Statement of the Trace Theorem |
Change of Coordinates |
Sobolev Spaces H[superscript s](R[superscript n]) for Real Numbers s |
Sobolev Spaces H[superscript s]([Gamma] and H[superscript s]([Omega]) |
Trace Operators and Operators of Extension: Theorems of Density / 3-5: |
Properties of the Spaces H[superscript m](R[subscript + superscript n]) / 3-6: |
Proof of the Trace Theorem / 3-7: |
Sobolev Inequalities and the Trace Theorem in Space H[superscript s]([Omega]) / 3-8: |
Theorem of Compactness / 3-9: |
Examples of Boundary-Value Problems |
Boundary-Value Problems for Second-Order Differential Operators |
Second-Order Linear Differential Operators |
Elliptic Second-Order Partial Differential Operators |
The Dirichlet Problem |
The Neumann Problem |
Mixed Problems |
Oblique Problems |
Interface Problems |
The Regularity Theorem |
Theorems of Isomorphism |
Value of the Solution at a Point of the Boundary |
Problems with Elliptic Differential Boundary Conditions |
Boundary-Value Problems for Differential Operators of Higher Order |
Linear Differential Operators of Order 2k |
Regularity and Theorems of Isomorphism |
Other Boundary-Value Problems |
Boundary Value Problems for [Delta][superscript 2] + [lambda] |
Approximation of Neumann-Type Problems |
Theorems of Convergence and Error Estimates |
Internal Approximation of a Neumann-type Problem |
Convergence and Estimates of Error in Larger Spaces |
Approximation of Neumann Problems for Elliptic Operators of Order 2k |
Approximation of Neumann Problems for Elliptic Differential Operators |
Convergence Properties of Finite Element Approximations of Neumann Problems |
The (2m + 1)[superscript n]-Level Approximations of the Neumann Problem |
The [2(2m)[superscript n] - (2m - 1)[superscript n]]-Level Approximations of the Neumann Problem |
Approximations of the Spaces H[superscript k]([Omega], [Lambda] and H([Omega], [Lambda] |
Approximation of Other Neumann-Type Problems |
Approximation of the Value of the Solution at a Point of the Boundary |
Approximation of Oblique Boundary-Value Problems |
Approximation of a Problem with Elliptic Boundary Conditions |
Approximation of Interface Problems |
Approximation of the Neumann Problem for [Delta][superscript 2] + [gamma] |
Perturbed Approximations and Least-Squares Approximations |
Perturbed Approximations |
Internal Approximation of a Variational Boundary-Value Problem |
Perturbed Approximation of a Variational Boundary-Value Problem |
Convergence in the Initial Space |
Estimates of Error |
Convergence in Smaller Spaces |
Convergence in Larger Spaces |
Perturbed Approximations of Boundary-Value Problems |
Perturbed Approximations by Finite-Element Approximations |
Error Estimates and Regularity of the Convergence |
The 3[superscript n]-level Perturbed Approximation of the Dirichlet Problem |
Least-Squares Approximations |
Least-Squares Approximation Schemes |
Error Estimates (I) |
Error Estimates (II) |
Least-Squares Approximations of Dirichlet Problems |
Conjugate Problems and A Posteriori Error Estimates |
Conjugate Problems of Boundary-Value Problems |
First Example of a Conjugate Problem |
Second Example of a Conjugate Problem |
Construction of Conjugate Problems |
Applications to the Approximation of Dirichlet Problems |
Approximation of the Dirichlet Problem (I) |
Approximation of the Dirichlet Problem (II) |
The Case of Second-Order Differential Operators |
Finite-Element Approximations of the Spaces H[superscript k]([Omega], D*) |
Spaces H[superscript k]([Omega], D*) |
Approximations of the Space H[superscript k]([Omega], D*) |
Approximation of the Second Example of a Conjugate Problem |
Approximation of the Conjugate Dirichlet Problem |
Properties of the Discrete Conjugate Problem |
External Approximations; Stability, Convergence, and Error Estimates |
Definition of External Approximations |
Example: Partial Approximations of a Finite Intersection of Spaces |
Stability and Convergence of External Approximations of Operators |
Estimates of Error and Regularity of the Convergence |
Properties of the External Error Functions |
External and Partial Approximations of Variational Equations |
Partial Approximation of a Split Variational Equation |
External Approximation of Variational Equations |
Partial Approximation of Neumann Problems |
Perturbed Partial Approximation of Boundary-Value Problems |
Partial Approximations of Sobolev Spaces |
Spaces H([Omega], D[subscript i]) |
Partial Approximations of the Sobolev Space H[superscript 1]([Omega]) |
Estimates of Truncation Errors and External Error Functions |
Partial Approximations of the Sobolev Spaces H[superscript m]([Omega]) and H[subscript 0 superscript m]([Omega]) |
Partial Approximation of Boundary-Value Problems |
Partial Approximation of Second-Order Linear Operators |
Partial Approximation of the Neumann Problem |
Perturbed Partial Approximation of Mixed Boundary-Value Problems |
Estimates of Error in the Interior |
Partial Approximations of Higher-Order Differential Operators |
Comments |
References |
Index |