Introduction / 1: |
Nonkinetic Method for the Elucidation of Reaction Mechanisms / 2: |
Stoichiometry and reaction mechanisms |
Structure of products |
Structure of intermediates |
Stereochemical experiments |
Isotopic labeling experiments |
Crossover experiments |
Energetics of Chemical Reactions / 3: |
Nomenclature of thermodynamic potential functions |
Thermodynamic requirements for chemical reactions |
Kinetic requirements for chemical reactions |
The principle of microscopic reversibility |
Kinetic and thermodynamic control |
Kinetics of Elementary Reactions / 4: |
Basic principles of reaction kinetics |
The integrated rate equation |
Pseudo-orders of simplified rate equations |
Numerical determination of reaction order and rate constants from experimental data |
Kinetics of Complex Reactions / 5: |
Reversible reactions |
Parallel reactions |
Consecutive reactions |
Approximate methods for analyzing complex reactions |
Conclusions |
Examples |
Theories of Chemical Reactions / 6: |
Temperature dependence of chemical equilibria |
Temperature dependence of reaction rates |
Collision theory |
Transition-state theory |
Structure of activated complexes |
Entropy of activation |
Enthalpy of activation |
The isokinetic relationship |
Volume of activation |
Structure and Reactivity Relationships / 7: |
The Hammett equation |
The linear free-enthalpy relationship |
The application of Hammett equation to multistep reactions |
The sgr; +, sgr; -, and sgr; 0 substituent constants; the Yukawa-Tsuno equation |
Separation of inductive and resonance effects |
Separation of electronic and steric effects |
Isotope Effects / 8: |
Isotope effects on equilibria |
Theory of kinetic isotope effect |
Primary kinetic isotope effect |
Secondary kinetic isotope effects |
Solvent isotope effect |
Environmental Effects / 9: |
The structure of liquids |
Solvation |
Solvent effects in chemical equilibria |
Solvent effect in chemical kinetics |
Solvent effect on reaction rates |
Specific solvation effects on reaction rates |
Empirical solvent-polarity parameters |
Salt effects |
Acids, Bases, Electrophiles and Nucleophiles / 10: |
Strengths of Broslash;nsted acids and bases |
Structural effects on Broslash;nsted acidity and basicity |
Solvent effect on acidity and basicity |
Acidity of solvents and acidity functions |
Very weak acids |
Superacids |
Lewis acids and Lewis bases |
Nucleophiles and electrophiles |
Homogeneous Catalysis / 11: |
Acid-base catalysis |
Rates of proton-transfer reactions |
Broslash;nsted's law of catalysis |
Reactions in strongly acidic media |
Nucleophilic catalysis |
Electrophilic catalysis |
Neighboring group participation and intramolecular catalysis |
Micellar catalysis |
Enzymic catalysis |
Introduction / 1: |
Nonkinetic Method for the Elucidation of Reaction Mechanisms / 2: |
Stoichiometry and reaction mechanisms |