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図書

図書
edited by J. Newman, R.E. white
出版情報: Pennington, NJ : The Electrochemical Society, c1994  vii, 518 p. ; 23 cm
シリーズ名: Proceedings / [Electrochemical Society] ; v. 94-22
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図書

図書
Ralph E. White and Peter N. Pintauro, editors ; C. Arnold, Jr. ... [et al.]
出版情報: New York, N.Y. : American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1986  148 p. ; 28 cm
シリーズ名: AIChE symposium series ; no. 248, v. 82
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図書

図書
edited by J. O'M. Bockris and B.E. Conway
出版情報: London : Butterworths , New York : Plenum Press, 1964-  v. ; 22 cm
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目次情報: 続きを見る
Applications of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Hydrogen Adsorption, Evolution and Absorption into Metals / A. Lasia1:
Electroless Deposition of Metals / D. Djokic2:
Towards a Computational Electrochemistry - a Kineticist's Perspective / L.K. Bieniasz3:
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Bridging Electrolyte - Water Systems / M.A. Abraham ; M.-C. Abraham4:
Factors Limiting Applications of the Historically Significant Born Equation: A Critical Review / B.E. Conway5:
References
Nanoparticle Surfaces Studied by Electrochemical NMR / P. K. Babu ; E. Oldfield ; A. WieckowskiChapter 1:
Introduction / I.:
Experimental / II.:
Results and Discussion / III.:
Selected Topics in [superscript 195]Pt-NMR / 1.:
Other Pt Nanoparticles (Unsupported and Supported) / 2.:
Correlation Between the [superscript 195]Pt NMR Shift and Adsorbates Electronegativity / 3.:
Spatially-Resolved Oscillation of the E[subscript f]-LDOS in a Pt Catalyst / 4.:
[superscript 13]C NMR at the Electrochemical Interface / IV.:
[superscript 13]C NMR Knight Shift
EC-NMR Under Potential Control
Correlation of NMR to FTIR Data
Correlation Between Clean Surface E[subscript f]-LDOS of Metals and the Adsorbate Knight Shift
NMR Comparison of CO Adsorbed on Pt-Black from Different Sources / 5.:
Effect of Surface Charge on the Chemisorption Bond: CO Chemisorption on Pd / 6.:
Pt Electrodes Modified by Ruthenium: A Study in Tolerance / 7.:
EC-NMR of Pt/Ru Alloy Nanoparticles / 8.:
Summary and Conclusions / V.:
Appendix
Ab Initio Quantum-Chemical Calculations in Electrochemistry / Marc T. M. KoperChapter 2:
Ab Initio Quantum Chemistry
General Aspects of Quantum Chemistry and Electronic Structure Calculations
Wave-Function-Based Methods
Density Functional Theory Methods
Basis Sets and Effective Potentials
Structure, Energetics, and Vibrational Frequencies
Methods of Analysis
Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics
Selected Applications
Clusters and Slabs
How to Model the Electrode Potential
Chemisorption of Halogens and Halides
Chemisorption of Carbon Monoxide on Metals and Alloys
Field Dependent Chemisorption and the Interfacial Stark Effect: General Relationships
Field-Dependent Chemisorption of Carbon Monoxide
Chemisorption of Water and Water Dissociation Products
Ab Initio Approaches to Modeling Electrode Reactions
Outlook
Macroscopic and Molecular Models of Adsorption Phenomena on Electrode Surfaces / P. NikitasChapter 3:
Features of Electrosorption and Factors Affecting Them
Macroscopic Models
PC Approach
STE Approach
Molecular Models
Guidealli's Approach
Models Based on the LBS Approach
Complicated Adsorption Phenomena
Co-Adsorption and Reorientation
Polylayer Formation
Surface Segregation
Phase Transitions
Polarization Catastrophe and Other Artifacts / VI.:
The Role of the Metal Electrode--The Case of Solid Electrodes / VII.:
Computer Simulation / VIII.:
Conclusions / IX.:
Electrochemical Promotion of Catalysis / Gyorgy Foti ; Ivan Bolzonella ; Christos ComninellisChapter 4:
The Phenomenon of Electrochemical Promotion
Description of a Typical Electrochemical Promotion Experiment
The Mechanism of Electrochemical Promotion
Promotional Transients
Fundamental Studies of Electrochemical Promotion
Catalytic Model Systems
Experimental Aspects
Electrochemical Characterization of the Single-Pellet Cell
Cyclic Voltammetry
Fast-Galvanostatic Transients
Permanent Electrochemical Promotion
Electrochemical Activation of a Catalyst
Electrochemical Promotion and Catalyst-Support Interactions
Work Function Measurements / 9.:
Cell Development for Electrochemical Promotion
Bipolar Con guration for Electrochemical Promotion
Ring-Shaped Electrochemical Cell
Multiple-Channel Electrochemical Cell
Perspectives
Mechanisms of Lithium Transport Through Transition Metal Oxides and Carbonaceous Materials / Heon-Cheol Shin ; Su-Il PyunChapter 5:
Bird's Eye View of the Models for Current Transients in Lithium Intercalation Systems: Diffusion Controlled Lithium Transport
The Geometry of the Electrode Surface
The Growth of a New Phase in the Electrode
The Electric Field in the Electrode
General Perspective on Current Transients from Transition Metal Oxides and Graphite
Non-Cottrell behavior throughout the Lithium Intercalation/Deintercalation
Intersection of Anodic and Cathodic Current Transients
(Quasi-)Current Plateau
Depression of the Initial Current Value
Physical Origin of the Current Transients
Linear Relation Between Current and Electrode Potential
Comparison of Cell Resistances Determined by the Current Transient Technique and by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
Theoretical Description of Cell-Impedance Controlled Lithium Transport
Governing Equation and Boundary Condition
Calculation Procedure of the Cell-Impedance Controlled Current Transients
Theoretical Current Transients and their Comparison with Experimental Current Transients
Some Model Parameters Affecting the Shape and Magnitude of the Cell-Impedance Controlled Current Transients
Concluding Remarks
Index
The Potential of Zero Charge / S. Trasatti ; E. Lust
Introductory Concepts / I:
Analysis of the Experimental Data / II:
Nonequilibrium Fluctuations in Corrosion Process / R. AogakiIV:
Active, Passive and Transpassive States of Metals
Nonequilibrum Fluctuations in Corrosion
Conclusion
Conducting Polymers, Electrochemistry and Biomimicking Processes / T. Fernandez Otero
Electropolymerization of Conducting polymers
Electrochemical versus Chemical Polymerization of Conducting Polymers
Selfdoped Polymers, Polymeric Composites and Hybrid Materials
Physical Properties of Dry Conducting Polymers
Electrochemical Properties / VI:
Electrochemistry and Electrode Structures / VII:
Experimental Chronoamperograms and Chronocoulograms Under Conformational Relaxation Control / VIII:
Polymer-Solvent Interactions from the ESCR Model / IX:
Chronocoulograms Under Conformational Relaxation Control / X:
Voltammetry Under Conformational Relxation Control / XI:
Experimental and Theoretical Voltammograms / XII:
Experimental and Theoretical Coulovoltagrams / XIII:
Conducting Polymers as Soft and Nonstoichiometric Materials / XIV:
Electrochemical Evidences
Conducting Polymers as Three-Dimensional Electrodes at Molecular level / XV:
Soft, Wet and Complex Materials Mimicking Biological Processes / XVI:
Technological Applications of the ESCR Model / XVII:
Microwave (Photo)Electrochemistry / H. Tributsch
Theoretical Challenge
Potential Dependent Stationary Microwave Conductivity Measurements
Potential Dependent Time Resolved Measurements
Potential Dependent Periodical Measurements
Oxides and Sensitization Cells
Microwave Phase Measurements
Summary and Discussion
Acknowledgements
Figure Legends
Improvements in Fluorine Generations / G.L. Bauer ; W.V. Childs
A Caution
The Challenge
Pem Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates / D. Bloomfield ; V. Bloomfield
NAFION MEA Based Bipolar Plate Problems
Polybenzimidazole/H[subscript 3]PO[subscript 4]
Definition
Separator Plate
Flow Field
Port and Port Bridges
Seals
Frame
Bipolar Plate Features
Tolerances
Thermal Management
Electrical Conduction
Water Management
Low Cost
Stable, Free from Corrosion Products / 6:
Galvanic Corrosion / i:
Materials and Processes
Comparison of Carbon and Metal
Operational
Forming Cost / ii:
Carbon
Molded Graphite
Paper
Stamped Exfoliated Graphite (Grafoil, Graflex) / iii:
Metal
Forming Metal Bipolar Plates
Intrinsically Corrosion Resistant Metals
Direct Coatings
Conductive Polymer Grafting / iv:
Basic Applications of the Analysis of Variance and Covariance in Electrochemical Science and Engineering / Thomas Z. Fahidy
Basic Principles and Notions
ANOVA: One-way Classification
Completely Randomized Experiment (CRE)
Randomized Block Experiment (RBE)
Example 1: A Historical Perspective of Caustic Soda Production
Example 2: Metallic Corrosion
ANOVA: Two-Way Classification
Null and Alternative Hypotheses
Illustration of Two-Way Classification: Specific Energy Requirement for an Electrolytic Process
ANOVA: Three-Way Classifications
ANOVA: Latin Squares (LS)
Applications of the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)
ANCOVA with Velocity as Single Concomitant Variable
Pattern A(CRE)
Pattern B(RBE)
ANCOVA with Velocity and Pressure Drop Acting as Two Concomitant Variables
Two Covariate-Based ANCOVA of Product Yields in a Batch and in a Flow Electrolyzer
Covariance Analysis for a Two-Factor, Single Cofactor CRE
Miscellaneous Topics
Estimation of the Type II Error in ANOVA
Hierarchical Classification
ANOVA-Related Random Effects
Introductory Concepts of Contrasts Analysis
Final Remarks
Acknowledgments
List of Principal Symbols
Nanomaterials in Li-Ion Battery Electrode Design / Charles R. Sides ; Charles R. Martin
Templates Used
Track-Etch Membranes
Alumina Membranes
Other Templates
Nanostructured Cathodic Electrode Materials
Electrode Fabrication
Nanostructured Electrode
Control Electrodes
Structural Investigations
Electrochemical Characterization
Rate Capabilities
Nanostructured Anodic Electrodes
Nanostructured Electrodes
Electrochemical Investigations
Nanoelectrode Applications
Low-Temperature Performance
Strategy
Electrochemical Results
Electronic Conductivity
Cycle Life / v:
Variations on a Synthetic Theme
Nanocomposite of LiFePO[subscript 4]/Carbon
Improving Volumetric Capacity
Carbon Honeycomb
Preparation of Honeycomb Carbon
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Problems and Perspectives / Keith Scott ; Ashok K. Shukla
Operating Principle of the SPE-DMFC
Electrode Reaction Mechanisms in SPE-DMFCs
Anodic Oxidation of Methanol
Cathodic Reduction of Oxygen
Materials for SPE-DMFCS
Catalyst Materials
Anode Catalysts
Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
Membrane Materials
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Performance
DMFC Stack Performance
Alternative Catalysts and Membranes in the DMFC
Alkaline Conducting Membrane and Alternative Oxidants
Conventional vs. Mixed-Reactant SPE-DMFCs
Mathematical Modelling of the DMFC
Methanol Oxidation
Empirical Models for Cell Voltage Behaviour
Membrane Transport
Effect of Methanol Crossover on Fuel Cell Performance
Mass Transport and Gas Evolution
DMFC Electrode Modelling
Cell Models / 7:
Single Phase Flow / 8:
Two-and Three-Dimensional Modelling / 9:
Dynamics and Modelling / 10:
Stack Hydraulic and Thermal Models / 11:
List of Symbols
Review of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells / Brenda L. Garcia ; John W. Weidner
Anode Kinetics
Reaction Mechanism
Methanol Oxidation Catalysts
Platinum and Platinum Catalyst Structure
Platinum and Platinum Alloy Catalyst Performance
Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts
High Temperature Membranes
Methanol Crossover
Magnitude of Crossover
Effect of CO[subscript 2] Crossover
Mixed-Potential Effects
Novel Membranes to Reduce Methanol Crossover
DMFC Modeling Review
One-Dimensional Models
Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Models
Summary
Direct Numerical Simulation of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers / Partha P. Mukherjee ; Guoqing Wang ; Chao-Yang WangChapter 6:
Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) Approach
Advantages and Objectives of the DNS Approach
DNS Model - Idealized 2-D Microstructure
Three-Dimensional Regular Microstructure
2-D Model: Kinetics- vs. Transport-Limited Regimes
Comparison of the Polarization Curves between 2-D and 3-D Simulations
Three-Dimensional Random Microstructure
Random Structure
Structural Analysis and Identification
Governing Equations
Boundary Conditions
DNS Model - Water Transport
Water Transport Mechanism
Mathematical Description
Inlet-Air Humidity Effect
Water Crossover Effect
Optimization of Catalyst Layer Compositions
3-D Correlated Microstructure
Stochastic Generation Method
Governing Equations, Boundary Conditions and Numerical Procedure
Solid State Electrochemistry 1
Electron Transfer Reactions with and without Ion Transfer
Electrosorption Valency and Partial Charge Transfer
Phosphoric Acid Fuel
Cells (PAFCs) for Utilities
Nanostructural Analysis of Bright Metal Surfaces in Relation to their Reflectivity
Electroplating of Metal Matrix Composites by Codeposition of Suspended Particles
Algebraic Properties of Boolean Algebras
Elementary Classification of Boolean Algebras
Constructive Boolean Algebras
Solid State Electrochemistry II: Devices and Techniques / Joachim Maier
Electrochemical Devices and Applications
Electrochemical (Composition) Sensors
Bulk Conductivity Sensor (Mode 1)
Surface Conductivity Sensors (Mode 2)
Galvanic Sensors (Mode 3)
Extension to Acid-Base Active Gases
Electrochemical (Composition) Actors
Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
Fuel Cells
Batteries
Other Storage Devices: Supercapacitors and Photobatteries
Electrochemical Techniques
Determination of Bulk Parameters
Determination of Boundary Parameters
Electrochemical Polarization-The Effect of Selectively Blocking Electrodes
Heuristic Considerations
The Steady-State Response: The Evaluation of Partial Conductivities
The Instationary Behavior: The Evaluation of the Chemical Diffusion Coefficient
Chemically Imposed Gradients
Chemical Polarization and Concentration Cell Experiment
Oxygen Permeation
Zero-Driving Force Method
Chemical Relaxation
Coulometric Titration
Thermodynamic Data from Electrochemical Cells Involving Solid Electrolytes
Modifications in the Evaluation of Electrochemical Measurements Due to Internal Defect Reactions
Dynamic Interactions
Transport in Inhomogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Composite Systems
Related Techniques
Acknowledgment
Appendix 1-Terminal Potential Difference / A:
Appendix 2-Electrochemical Polarization / B:
Appendix 3-Chemical Polarization and Relaxation / C:
Appendix 4-Electrolytic Domain Boundaries / D:
Appendix 5-Coulometric Titration / E:
Appendix 6-Point Electrode Resistance / F:
Symbols
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoporous Carbon and Its Electrochemical Application to Electrode Material for Supercapacitors / Gyoung-Ja Lee
Preparation of Porous Carbons
Activation Method
Templating Method
Structural Characteristics of Porous Carbons
Types of Adsorption Isotherms and Hysteresis Loops
Determinations of Surface Area and Pore Size Distribution
Fractal Characteristics of Porous Carbons
Molecular Probe Method Using Gas Adsorption
Image Analysis Method
Electrochemical Characteristics of Carbon-Based Porous Electrodes For Supercapacitor: The Uses of AC-Impedance Spectroscopy, Current Transient and Cyclic Voltammetry
General Theory of Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Electrodes
Effect of Geometric Heterogeneity on Ion Penetration into the Pores during Double-Layer Charging/Discharging
Effect of Surface Inhomogeneity on Ion Penetration into the Pores during Double-Layer Charging/Discharging
Concluding Remark
Notation
The Use of Graphs in the Study of Electrochemical Reaction Networks / Joseph D. Fehribach
Reaction Species Graphs
Kinetic Graphs
Bipartite Graphs
Reaction Mechanism Graphs
MCFC Cathodic Reactions
Peroxide Mechanism
Superoxide-Peroxide Mechanism
HER Reactions
Reaction Route Graphs
Discussion: Other Reaction Graphs
Approximate Analytical Solutions for Models of Three-Dimensional Electrodes By Adomian's Decomposition Method / Yan-Ping Sun
Adomian's Decomposition Method (ADM)
Example of Applications to Catalytic reactions
Model Solution
Catalyst Slab
Spherical Catalyst Pellet
Concentration Profiles and Effectiveness
Concentration Profiles
Effectiveness
Application to the Influence of Mass Transport in Electrocatalysts
Internal Diffusion and Film Mass Transport
Agglomerate Model of Electrocatalysis
Application to Models For Three-Dimentional Electrodes
The General Form of Model of Three-Dimension Electrodes
Porous Electrode Reactor
Packed-Bed Electrode Reactor
Simplification of Packed-Bed Electrode with a Low Conversion
Examples of Packed-Bed Electrodes applications
Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrobenzene in a Packed-Bed Electrode Reactor
Direct Electrochemical Oxidation of Propylene in a Sparged Packed-Bed Electrode Reactor
Two-Dimensional Model of Packed-Bed Electrodes
Acknowledgement
ADM's Nomenclature
Nomenclatures in this Paper
ADM Mathematica Codes / Appendix:
ADM to Solve One ODE
ADM to Solve the Coupled ODE's
Some Recent Studies in Ruthenium Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis / N. S. Marinkovic ; M. B. Vukmirovic ; R. R. Adzic
Preparation of Well-Ordered Ru Single-Crystal Surfaces
Electrochemistry of Single-Crystal Ru surfaces
Voltammetry Characterization
Surface X-Ray Diffraction Study
Infrared Spectroscopy and Anion Adsorption
Polycrystalline Ru Electrode / (i):
Ru(0001) and Ru(1010) Single-Crystal Electrode Surfaces / (ii):
Surface-Oxide Formation
Gas-Phase Oxidation
Electrochemical Oxidation
Electrocatalysis on Ru Single-Crystals and Nanoparticle Surfaces
Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reactions
CO Oxidation
Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Pt-Ru Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts
Pt Submonolayers on Ru Single-Crystal Surfaces
Adsorption Properties of Pt Submonolayers on Ru(0001)
Pt Deposition on Ru Nanoparticles
EXAFS and TEM Characterization
H[subscript 2]/CO Oxidation
Fuel Cell Tests / (iii):
High-Performance Electrodes for Medium-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells / Hiroyuki Uchida ; Masahiro Watanabe
Characteristics of SOFCs
Development of Medium-Temperature SOFCs
Design Concept of Catalyzed Reaction Layer for Medium-Temperature SOFC
Activation of Mixed-Conducting Ceria-Based Anode
Effect of Various Metal Catalysts Dispersed on Samaria-Doped Ceria
Effect of the Composition and Microstructure on the Performance of SDC Anodes
Activation of SDC Anode with Highly-Dispersed Ni Electrocatalysts
Activation of Mixed-Conducting Perovskite-Type Oxide Cathodes
La(Sr)MnO[subscript 3] Cathode with Highly Dispersed Pt Catalysts
La(Sr)CoO[subscript 3] Cathode with Ceria-Interlayer on Zirconia Electrolyte
Control of Microstructure of LSC Cathodes
Activation of the Optimized LSC Cathode by Loading nm-Sized Pt Catalysts
Effects of Ionic Conductivity of Zirconia Electrolytes on the Polarization Properties of Various Electrodes in SOFCs
Effect of [sigma subscript ion] on the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction Rate at Porous Pt Anode
Effect of [sigma subscript ion] on Activities of Various Electrodes and the Reaction Mechanism
Electrochemical CO[subscript 2] Reduction on Metal Electrodes / Y. Hori
Fundamental Problems
Reactions Related with CO[subscript 2] Reduction
Electrochemical Equilibria
Equilibria of CO[subscript 2] Related Species in Aqueous Solution
Variation of pH at the Electrode During CO[subscript 2] Reduction
Problems Related with Experimental Procedures and Data Analysis
Difference Current Obtained from Voltammetric Measurements
Purity of the Electrolyte Solution
Overviews of Electrochemical Reduction of CO[subscript 2] at Metal Electrodes
Aqueous Solutions
Nonaqueous Solutions
Methanol, another Nonaqueous Solution
Electrochemical Reduction of CO[subscript 2] in High Concentration
CO[subscript 2] Reduction under Elevated Pressures
CO[subscript 2] Reduction Promoted by High Concentration
Electroactive Species in the Electrochemical Reduction of CO[subscript 2]
Deactivation of Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal Electrodes
Classification of Electrode Metals and Reaction Scheme
Classification of Electrode Metals and CO Selectivity
Electrode Potential of CO[subscript 2] Reduction at Various Metal Electrodes
Formation of CO[subscript 2 middle dot superscript -] Anion Radical and Further Reduction to HCOO[superscript -]
Formation of Adsorbed CO[subscript 2 middle dot superscript -] Leading to Further Reduction to CO or HCOO[superscript -]
Reaction Scheme in Nonaqueous Electrolyte
Electrochemical Reduction of CO[subscript 2] to CO at Selected Metal and Nonmetal Electrodes
CO Formation at Au, Ag, and Zn
Au
Ag
Zn
Platinum Group Metals
Pt
Pd
Other Platinum Group Metals
Ni and other CO Formation Metals
Non-metallic Electrode Materials for CO[subscript 2] Reduction
Mechanistic Studies of Electrochemical Reduction of CO[subscript 2] at Cu Electrode
Formation of CO as an Intermediate Species
CO[subscript 2] Reduction at Cu Electrode Affected by the Potential and the CO[subscript 2] Pressure
Electrolyte Solution, Anionic Species
Effects of Cationic Species in Electrolyte Solution
Reaction Mechanism at Cu Electrode
Surface Treatment, Alloying and Modification of Cu Electrode
CO[subscript 2] Reduction at Cu Single-Crystal Electrodes
Adsorption of CO on Cu Electrode: Voltammetric and Spectroscopic Studies
Attempts to Enhance the Transport Process in CO[subscript 2] Reduction
Elevated Pressure
Gas-Diffusion Electrode
Solid-Polymer Electrolytes
Three-Phase Electrodes
List of Abbreviations
Induced Codeposition of Alloys of Tungsten, Molybdenum and Rhenium with Transition Metals / Noam Eliaz ; Eliezer Gileadi
Metal Deposition as a Class of its Own
Redox Reactions
Metal Deposition and Dissolution
Specific Issues in Electrodeposition of Alloys
History
Special Considerations Related to Alloy Deposition
Anomalous Alloy Deposition
Possible Causes of Anomalous Alloy Deposition / (iv):
Induced Codeposition / (v):
Electroless Deposition of Alloys / (vi):
Case Studies
Tungsten Alloys Containing Ni, Co and Fe
Properties of Tungsten Alloys
Applications of Tungsten Alloys
Electrodeposition of Tungsten Alloys
New Interpretation of the Mechanism of Ni-W Codeposition
Molybdenum Alloys Containing Ni, Co and Fe
Properties of Molybdenum Alloys
Applications of Molybdenum Alloys
Electrodeposition of Molybdenum Alloys
Rhenium and its Alloys
Properties of Rhenium and its Alloys
Applications of Rhenium and its Alloys
Electrodeposition of Rhenium and its Alloys
List of Abbreviations and Symbols
Appendices
25 Years of the Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: 20 Years of Application of STM in Electrochemistry / Marek Szklarczyk ; Marcin Strawski ; Krzysztof Bienkowski
STM Landmarks
Solid-Vacuum Interface STM Investigations
STM Investigations in Air and in Liquid Environment: 20 Years in Electrochemical STM Probing
Imaging of Metals and Metallic Deposits
Imaging of Adsorbed Ions Adlattices
Imaging of Molecules
Imaging of Semiconductive Materials
Electrochemical Fabrication of Nanostructures: Nanolithography
Modern Applications of Electrochemical Technology / M. Schlesinger
LIGA, an Important Process in Micro-System Technology
Micro Systems
The LIGA Process
Microstructures Manufactured by the LIGA Process
The Sacrificial Layer Technique
Microstructures with Different Shapes in the Third Dimension
Applications in Semiconductor Technology
Cu Interconnections on Chips
Deposition of Cu Interconnections on Chips
Diffusion Barriers and Seed Layer
Super-Conformal Electrodeposition of Copper into Nanometer Vias and Trenches
Super-Conformal Electrodeposition
Mechanism of Super-Conformal Electrodeposition
Mathematical Modeling
Information Storage: Applications in the Fields of Magnetism and Microelectronic
Magnetic Information Storage
Read/Write Heads
High Frequency Magnetics
Spintronics
Applications in Medicine and Medical Devices
Background
Electrochemical Power Sources
Electrochemical Deposition in Medical Devices
Surface Electrochemistry in the Processing of Biomaterials
Materials Science of Biomaterials
Frontiers: Various Applications in the Field of Medicine
Preface
List of Contributors
Mathematical Modeling in Electrochemistry / Mordechay Schlesinger
High Precision Atomic Theory: Tests of Fundamental Understanding / G.W.F. Drake ; Qixue Wu ; Zheng Zhong
Modeling of Impedance of Porous Electrodes / Andrzej Lasia
Multiscale Mass Transport in Porous Silicon Gas Sensors / Peter A. Kottke ; Andrei G. Fedorov ; James L. Gole
Electrochemical Materials for PEM Fuel Cells: Insights from Physical Theory and Simulation / Michael H. Eikerling ; Kourosh Malek
Modeling of Catalyst Structure Degradation in PEM Fuel Cells / Jeremy P. Meyers
Modeling Water Management in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells / Adam Z. Weber ; Ryan Balliet ; Haluna P. Gunterman ; John Newman
Adaptive Characterization and Modeling of Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications / Mark W. Verbrugge
Structure, Passivation and localized corrosion of metal surfaces / Vincent Maurice ; Philippe Marcus
Nucleation and Growth of Passive Films
Hydroxide Ion Adsorption and Growth of 2D Passive Layers
Copper
Silver
Nickel
Influence of 2D Passive Films on Dissolution
Structure of 3D Passive Films on Metals and Alloys
Crystalline Passive Films
Iron
Ageing Effects on Chromium-Rich Passive Films
Chromium
Stainless Steels
Dissolution in the Passive State
Nanostructure of Passive Film and Passivity Breakdown
Effect of Chlorides on Coalescence and Crystallization of the Passive Film
Breakdown at Oxide Grain Boundaries
Grain Boundary Model of Passivity Breakdown and Pit Initiation
Local Redistribution of the Potential Drop
Local Thinning of the Passive Film
Voiding at the Metal/Oxide Interface
Stress-Induced Fracture of the Passive Film
Anodic Oxide Films on Aluminum: their significance for corrosion Protection and Micro-and Nano-Technologies / Hideaki Takahashi ; Masatoshi Sakairi ; Tatsuya Kikuchi
Applications of Anodic Oxide Films
Structure and Properties of Oxide and Hydroxide Films
Pretreated-Surface Film
Thermal Oxide Film
Hydroxide Film
Barrier-Type Anodic Oxide Film (BAOF)
Porous Type Anodic Oxide Film (PAOF)
Structure
Growth under Steady Conditions
Growth under Transient Conditions
Changes in Film Structure by Combination of Treatments
Change of PAOF Structure by Heating, Boiling, and Anodizing in a Neutral Solution
Change in BAOF Structure by Heating, Boiling, and Anodizing in an Acid Solution
Change of the Structure of Thermal Oxide Films by Boiling, and Anodizing in a Neutral solution and in an Acid Solution
Changes in the Structure of Hydroxide Films by Heating and Anodizing in Acid and Neutral Solutions
Other Combination of Treatments
Role of Anodic Oxide Films in Corrosion Protection of Aluminum
Immersion of BAOF-Covered Aluminum in a Solution
Role of Anodic Oxide Films in Pitting Corrosion during Cathodic Polarization
Role of Anodic Oxide Films in the Corrosion of Aluminum Alloys in Alcohol at High Temperatures
Micro-and Nano-Technologies Based on Anodized Aluminum
Micro-Technologies with Laser Irradiation
Applications of Laser Irradiation Techniques
Printed Circuit Boards
Plastic Injection Molds
Electrochemical Micro-Reactor
Free-Standing Microstructures
Micro-Actuator
Printing Roll
Micro-and Nano-Patterning with AFM Probe Processing
Formation of Composite Oxide Films by the Combination of Anodizing with Other Coating Methods
Pore-Filling Method
Combination of Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition with Anodizing
Combination of Sol-Gel Dip Coating and Anodizing
Combination of Electrophoretic Sol-Gel Coating and Anodizing
Combination of Liquid Phase Deposition with Anodizing
Applications of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Hydrogen Adsorption, Evolution and Absorption into Metals / A. Lasia1:
Electroless Deposition of Metals / D. Djokic2:
Towards a Computational Electrochemistry - a Kineticist's Perspective / L.K. Bieniasz3:
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