Radio Astronomical Fundamentals / 1: |
On the Role of Radio Astronomy in Astrophysics / 1.1: |
The Radio Window / 1.2: |
Some Basic Definitions / 1.3: |
Radiative Transfer / 1.4: |
Black Body Radiation and the Brightness Temperature / 1.5: |
The Nyquist Theorem and the Noise Temperature / 1.6: |
Problems |
Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Fundamentals / 2: |
Maxwell's Equations / 2.1: |
Energy Conservation and the Poynting Vector / 2.2: |
Complex Field Vectors / 2.3: |
The Wave Equation / 2.4: |
Plane Waves in Nonconducting Media / 2.5: |
Wave Packets and the Group Velocity / 2.6: |
Plane Waves in Conducting Media / 2.7: |
The Dispersion Measure of a Tenuous Plasma / 2.8: |
Wave Polarization / 3: |
Vector Waves / 3.1: |
The Poincaré Sphere and the Stokes Parameters / 3.2: |
Quasi-Monochromatic Plane Waves / 3.3: |
The Stokes Parameters for Quasi-Monochromatic Waves / 3.4: |
Faraday Rotation / 3.5: |
Signal Processing and Receivers: Theory / 4: |
Signal Processing and Stationary Stochastic Processes / 4.1: |
Probability Density, Expectation Values and Ergodicity / 4.1.1: |
Autocorrelation and Power Spectrum / 4.1.2: |
Linear Systems / 4.1.3: |
Filters / 4.1.4: |
Digitization and Sampling / 4.1.5: |
Gaussian Random Variables / 4.1.6: |
Square Law Detectors / 4.1.7: |
Limiting Receiver Sensitivity / 4.2: |
Noise Uncertainties due to Random Processes / 4.2.1: |
Receiver Stability / 4.2.2: |
Receiver Calibration / 4.2.3: |
Practical Receiver Systems / 5: |
Historical Introduction / 5.1: |
Bolometer Radiometers / 5.1.1: |
The Noise Equivalent Power of a Bolometer / 5.1.2: |
Currently Used Bolometer Systems / 5.1.3: |
Coherent Receivers / 5.2: |
The Minimum Noise in a Coherent System / 5.2.1: |
Basic Components: Passive Devices / 5.2.2: |
Basic Components: Active Devices / 5.2.3: |
Semiconductor Junctions / 5.2.4: |
Practical HEMT Devices / 5.2.5: |
Superconducting Mixers / 5.2.6: |
Hot Electron Bolometers / 5.2.7: |
Summary of Front Ends Presently in Use / 5.3: |
Single Pixel Receiver Systems / 5.3.1: |
Multibeam Systems / 5.3.2: |
Back Ends: Correlation Receivers, Polarimeters and Spectrometers / 5.4: |
Correlation Receivers and Polarimeters / 5.4.1: |
Spectrometers / 5.4.2: |
Fourier and Autocorrelation Spectrometers / 5.4.3: |
Pulsar Back Ends / 5.4.4: |
Fundamentals of Antenna Theory / 6: |
Electromagnetic Potentials / 6.1: |
Green's Function for the Wave Equation / 6.2: |
The Hertz Dipole / 6.3: |
Arrays of Emitters / 6.3.1: |
Arrays of Hertz Dipoles / 6.3.2: |
Radiation Fields of Filled Antennas / 6.4: |
Two Dimensional Far Field / 6.4.1: |
Three Dimensional Far Field / 6.4.2: |
Circular Apertures / 6.4.3: |
Antenna Taper Related to Power Pattern / 6.4.4: |
The Reciprocity Theorem / 6.5: |
Summary / 6.6: |
Practical Aspects of Filled Aperture Antennas / 7: |
Descriptive Antenna Parameters / 7.1: |
The Power Pattern P(?, ?) / 7.1.1: |
The Main Beam Solid Angle / 7.1.2: |
The Effective Aperture / 7.1.3: |
The Concept of Antenna Temperature / 7.1.4: |
Primary Feeds / 7.2: |
Prime Focus Feeds: Dipole and Reflector / 7.2.1: |
Horn Feeds Used Today / 7.2.2: |
Multiple Reflector Systems / 7.2.3: |
Antenna Tolerance Theory / 7.3: |
The Practical Design of Parabolic Reflectors / 7.4: |
General Considerations / 7.4.1: |
Specific Telescopes / 7.4.2: |
Single Dish Observational Methods / 7.5: |
The Earth's Atmosphere / 8.1: |
Calibration Procedures / 8.2: |
General / 8.2.1: |
Compact Sources / 8.2.2: |
Extended Sources / 8.2.3: |
Calibration of cm Wavelength Telescopes / 8.2.4: |
Calibration of mm and sub-mm Wavelength Telescopes for Heterodyne Systems / 8.2.5: |
Bolometer Calibrations / 8.2.6: |
Continuum Observing Strategies / 8.3: |
Point Sources / 8.3.1: |
Imaging of Extended Continuum Sources / 8.3.2: |
Additional Requirements for Spectral Line Observations / 8.4: |
Radial Velocity Settings / 8.4.1: |
Stability of the Frequency Bandpass / 8.4.2: |
Instrumental Frequency Baselines / 8.4.3: |
The Effect of Stray Radiation / 8.4.4: |
Spectral Line Observing Strategies / 8.4.5: |
The Confusion Problem / 8.5: |
Introduction / 8.5.1: |
Interferometers and Aperture Synthesis / 9: |
The Quest for Angular Resolution / 9.1: |
The Two Element Interferometer / 9.1.1: |
Two-Element Interferometers / 9.2: |
Hardware Requirements / 9.2.1: |
Calibration / 9.2.2: |
Responses of Interferometers / 9.2.3: |
Aperture Synthesis / 9.3: |
An Appropriate Coordinate System / 9.3.1: |
Historical Development / 9.3.2: |
Interferometric Observations / 9.3.3: |
Improving Visibility Functions / 9.3.4: |
Multi-Antenna Array Calibrations / 9.3.5: |
Data Processing / 9.3.6: |
Advanced Image Improvement Methods / 9.4: |
Self-Calibration / 9.4.1: |
Applying Clean to the Dirty Map / 9.4.2: |
Maximum Entropy Deconvolution Method (MEM) / 9.4.3: |
Interferometer Sensitivity / 9.5: |
Very Long Baseline Interferometers / 9.6: |
Interferometers in Astrometry and Geodesy / 9.7: |
Emission Mechanisms of Continuous Radiation / 10: |
The Nature of Radio Sources / 10.1: |
Black Body Radiation from Astronomical Objects / 10.1.1: |
Radiation from Accelerated Electrons / 10.2: |
The Frequency Distribution of Bremsstrahlung for an Individual Encounter / 10.3: |
The Radiation of an Ionized Gas Cloud / 10.4: |
Nonthermal Radiation Mechanisms / 10.5: |
Review of the Lorentz Transformation / 10.6: |
The Synchrotron Radiation of a Single Electron / 10.7: |
The Total Power Radiated / 10.7.1: |
The Angular Distribution of Radiation / 10.7.2: |
The Frequency Distribution of the Emission / 10.7.3: |
The Spectrum and Polarization of Synchrotron Radiation / 10.8: |
The Spectral Distribution of Synchrotron Radiation from an ensemble of Electrons / 10.9: |
Homogeneous Magnetic Field / 10.9.1: |
Random Magnetic Field / 10.9.2: |
Energy Requirements of Synchrotron Sources / 10.10: |
Low-Energy Cut-Offs in Nonthermal Sources / 10.11: |
Inverse Compton Scattering / 10.12: |
The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect / 10.12.1: |
Energy Loss from High-Brightness Sources / 10.12.2: |
Some Examples of Thermal and Nonthermal Radio Sources / 11: |
The Quiet Sun / 11.1: |
Radio Radiation from H II Regions / 11.2: |
Thermal Radiation / 11.2.1: |
Radio Radiation from Ionized Stellar Winds / 11.2.2: |
Supernovae and Supernova Remnants / 11.3: |
The Hydrodynamic Evolution of Supernova Remnants / 11.4: |
The Free-Expansion Phase / 11.4.1: |
The Second Phase: Adiabatic Expansion / 11.4.2: |
The Radio Evolution of Older Supernova Remnants / 11.5: |
Pulsars / 11.6: |
Detection and Source Nature / 11.6.1: |
Distance Estimates and Galactic Distribution / 11.6.2: |
Intensity Spectrum and Pulse Morphology / 11.6.3: |
Pulsar Timing / 11.6.4: |
Rotational Slowdown and Magnetic Moment / 11.6.5: |
Binary Pulsars and Millisecond Pulsars / 11.6.6: |
Radio Emission Mechanism / 11.6.7: |
Extragalactic Sources / 11.7: |
Radio Galaxies: Cygnus A / 11.7.1: |
An Example of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect: Clusters of Galaxies / 11.7.2: |
Relativistic Effects and Time Variability / 11.7.3: |
Spectral Line Fundamentals / 12: |
The Einstein Coefficients / 12.1: |
Radiative Transfer with Einstein Coefficients / 12.2: |
Dipole Transition Probabilities / 12.3: |
Simple Solutions of the Rate Equation / 12.4: |
Line Radiation of Neutral Hydrogen / 13: |
The 21 cm Line of Neutral Hydrogen / 13.1: |
The Zeeman Effect / 13.2: |
Spin Temperatures / 13.3: |
Emission and Absorption Lines / 13.4: |
The Influence of Beam Filling Factors and Source Geometry / 13.4.1: |
The Physical State of the Diffuse Interstellar Gas / 13.5: |
Differential Velocity Fields and the Shape of Spectral Lines / 13.6: |
The Galactic Velocity Field in the Interstellar Gas / 13.7: |
Atomic Lines in External Galaxies / 13.8: |
Virial Masses / 13.8.1: |
The Tully-Fisher Relation / 13.8.2: |
Recombination Lines / 14: |
Emission Nebulae / 14.1: |
Photoionization Structure of Gaseous Nebulae / 14.2: |
Pure Hydrogen Nebulae / 14.2.1: |
Hydrogen and Helium Nebulae / 14.2.2: |
Actual HII Regions / 14.2.3: |
Rydberg Atoms / 14.3: |
Line Intensities Under LTE Conditions / 14.4: |
Line Intensities when LTE Conditions do not Apply / 14.5: |
Collisional Broadening / 14.5.1: |
The Interpretation of Radio Recombination Line Observations / 14.6: |
Anomalous Cases / 14.6.1: |
Recombination Lines from Other Elements / 14.7: |
Overview of Molecular Basics / 15: |
Basic Concepts / 15.1: |
Rotational Spectra of Diatomic Molecules / 15.2: |
Hyperfine Structure in Linear Molecules / 15.2.1: |
Vibrational Transitions / 15.3: |
Line Intensities of Linear Molecules / 15.4: |
Total Column Densities of CO Under LTE Conditions / 15.4.1: |
Symmetric Top Molecules / 15.5: |
Energy Levels / 15.5.1: |
Spin Statistics / 15.5.2: |
Hyperfine Structure / 15.5.3: |
Line Intensities and Column Densities / 15.5.4: |
Asymmetric Top Molecules / 15.6: |
Spin Statistics and Selection Rules / 15.6.1: |
Line Intensities and Column Densitiess / 15.6.3: |
Electronic Angular Momentum / 15.6.4: |
Molecules with Hindered Motions / 15.6.5: |
Molecules in Interstellar Space / 16: |
History / 16.1: |
Molecular Excitation / 16.2: |
Excitation of a Two-Level System / 16.2.1: |
Maser Emission Processes in One Dimension / 16.2.2: |
Non-LTE Excitation of Molecules / 16.2.3: |
Models of Radiative Transfer / 16.3: |
The Large Velocity Gradient Model / 16.3.1: |
Spectral Lines as Diagnostic Tools / 16.4: |
Kinetic Temperatures / 16.4.1: |
Linewidths, Radial Motions and Intensity Distributions / 16.4.2: |
Mass Estimates and Cloud Stability / 16.4.3: |
Signatures of Cloud Collapse / 16.4.8: |
A Selected Sample of Results / 16.5: |
Chemistry / 16.6: |
Clouds for which the UV Field can be Neglected / 16.6.1: |
Models of Photon Dominated Regions / 16.6.2: |
Results / 16.6.3: |
Ion-Molecule Chemistry / 16.6.4: |
Grain Chemistry / 16.6.5: |
Searches for New Molecules / 16.6.6: |
Some Useful Vector Relations / A: |
The Fourier Transform / B: |
The Van Vleck Clipping Correction: One Bit Quantization / C: |
The Hankel Transform / D: |
A List of Calibration Radio Sources / F: |
The Mutual Coherence Function and van Cittert-Zernike Theorem / G: |
The Mutual Coherence Function / G.1: |
The Coherence Function of Extended Sources: The van Cittert-Zernike Theorem / G.2: |
Bibliography |
Index |