Introduction / 1: |
The Way into the Nanoworld / 1.1: |
From Micro- to Nanotechniques / 1.1.1: |
Definition of Nanostructures / 1.1.2: |
Insight into the Nanoworld / 1.1.3: |
Intervention into the Nanoworld / 1.1.4: |
Building Blocks of Nanotechnology / 1.2: |
Interactions and Topology / 1.3: |
The Microscopic Environment of the Nanoworld / 1.4: |
Molecular Basics / 2: |
Particles and Bonds / 2.1: |
Chemical Bonds in Nanotechnology / 2.1.1: |
Van der Waals Interactions / 2.1.2: |
Dipole-Dipole Interactions / 2.1.3: |
Ionic Interactions / 2.1.4: |
Metal Bonds / 2.1.5: |
Covalent Bonds / 2.1.6: |
Coordinative Bonds / 2.1.7: |
Hydrogen Bridge Bonds / 2.1.8: |
Polyvalent Bonds / 2.1.9: |
Chemical Structure / 2.2: |
Binding Topologies / 2.2.1: |
Building Blocks of Covalent Architecture / 2.2.2: |
Units for a Coordinated Architecture / 2.2.3: |
Building Blocks for Weakly Bound Aggregates / 2.2.4: |
Assembly of Complex Structures through the Internal Hierarchy of Binding Strengths / 2.2.5: |
Reaction Probability and Reaction Equilibrium / 2.2.6: |
Microtechnological Foundations / 3: |
Planar Technology / 3.1: |
Preparation of Thin Layers / 3.2: |
Condition and Preprocessing of the Substrate Surface / 3.2.1: |
Layer Deposition from the Gas Phase / 3.2.2: |
Evaporation / 3.2.3: |
Sputtering / 3.2.4: |
Chemical Vapor Deposition / 3.2.5: |
Galvanic Deposition / 3.2.6: |
Deposition by Spinning (Spin Coating) / 3.2.7: |
Shadow-mask Deposition Techniques / 3.2.8: |
Preparation of Ultrathin Inorganic Layers and Surface-bound Nanoparticles / 3.3: |
Ultrathin Layers by Vacuum Deposition Processes / 3.3.1: |
Deposition of Ultrathin Films from the Liquid Phase / 3.3.2: |
In Situ Generation of Ultrathin Inorganic Films by Chemical Surface Modification / 3.3.3: |
In Situ Formation of Ultrathin Inorganic Layers on Heteroorganic Materials / 3.3.4: |
Immobilization of Nanoparticles / 3.3.5: |
In Situ Formation of Inorganic Nanoparticles / 3.3.6: |
Structure Generation and Fabrication of Lithographic Masks / 3.4: |
Adhesive Mask Technique / 3.4.1: |
Role of Resist in Photolithography / 3.4.2: |
Serial Pattern Transfer / 3.4.3: |
Group Transfer Processes / 3.4.4: |
Maskless Structure Generation / 3.4.5: |
Soft Lithography / 3.4.6: |
Etching Processes / 3.5: |
Etching Rate and Selectivity / 3.5.1: |
Isotropic and Anisotropic Etching Processes / 3.5.2: |
Lithographic Resolution in Etching Processes / 3.5.3: |
Wet Etching Processes / 3.5.4: |
Dry Etching Processes / 3.5.5: |
High-resolution Dry Etching Techniques / 3.5.6: |
Choice of Mask for Nanolithographic Etching Processes / 3.5.7: |
Packaging / 3.6: |
Biogenic and Bioanalogue Molecules in Technical Microstructures / 3.7: |
Preparation of Nanostructures / 4: |
Principles of Fabrication / 4.1: |
Subtractive and Additive Creation of Nanostructures / 4.1.1: |
Nanostructure Generation by Lift-off Processes / 4.1.2: |
Principles of Nanotechnical Shape-definition and Construction / 4.1.3: |
Nanomechanical Structure Generation / 4.2: |
Scaling Down of Mechanical Processing Techniques / 4.2.1: |
Local Mechanical Cutting Processes / 4.2.2: |
Surface Transport Methods / 4.2.3: |
Reshaping Processes / 4.2.4: |
Printing Processes / 4.2.5: |
Nanolithography / 4.3: |
Structure Transfer by Electromagnetic Radiation / 4.3.1: |
Nanolithographic Transfer of Groups of Elements by Optical Projection / 4.3.2: |
EUV and X-ray Lithography / 4.3.3: |
Multilayer Resists Techniques with Optical Pattern Transfer / 4.3.4: |
Near-field Optical Structure Techniques with Contact Masks / 4.3.5: |
Energetic Particles in Nanolithographic Structure Transfer / 4.3.6: |
Electron Beam Lithography / 4.3.7: |
Ion Beam Lithography / 4.3.8: |
Atomic Beam Lithography / 4.3.9: |
Molecular and Nanoparticle Beam Lithography / 4.3.10: |
Direct Writing of Structures by a Particle Beam / 4.3.11: |
Single-particle Beam Processes / 4.3.12: |
Nanofabrication by Self-structuring Masks / 4.3.13: |
Nanofabrication by Scanning Probe Techniques / 4.4: |
Scanning Force Probes / 4.4.1: |
Particle Manipulation With a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) / 4.4.2: |
Thermo-mechanical Writing of Nanostructures / 4.4.3: |
Electrically Induced Structure Generation by Scanning Probe Techniques / 4.4.4: |
Chemical Electrodeless Induced Scanning Probe Structure Generation / 4.4.5: |
Nanostructure Generation by Optical Near-field Probes / 4.4.6: |
Nanotechnical Structures / 5: |
Inorganic Solids / 5.1: |
Influence of Material Morphology on Nanoscale Pattern Processes / 5.1.1: |
Inorganic Dielectrics / 5.1.2: |
Metals / 5.1.3: |
Semiconductors / 5.1.4: |
Carbon / 5.1.5: |
Organic Solids and Layer Structures / 5.2: |
Solids Composed of Smaller Molecules / 5.2.1: |
Organic Monolayer and Multilayer Stacks / 5.2.2: |
Synthetic Organic Polymers / 5.2.3: |
Biopolymers / 5.2.4: |
Molecular Monolayer and Layer Architectures / 5.3: |
Langmuir-Blodgett Films / 5.3.1: |
Self-assembled Surface Films / 5.3.2: |
Binding of Molecules on Solid Substrate Surfaces / 5.3.3: |
Secondary Coupling of Molecular Monolayers / 5.3.4: |
Categories of Molecular Layers / 5.3.5: |
Molecular Coupling Components (Linkers) and Distance Components (Spacers) / 5.3.6: |
Definition of Binding Spots on Solid Substrates / 5.3.7: |
Architectures with Single Molecules / 5.4: |
Single Molecules as Nanostructures / 5.4.1: |
Strategies of Molecular Construction / 5.4.2: |
Biogenic and Bioanalogous Nanoarchitectures / 5.4.3: |
DNA Nanoarchitectures / 5.4.4: |
Synthetic Supramolecules / 5.4.5: |
Nanoparticles and Nanocompartments / 5.4.6: |
Combination of Molecular Architectures and Nanoparticles with Planar Technical Structures / 5.5: |
Characterization of Nanostructures / 6: |
Geometrical Characterization / 6.1: |
Layer Thickness and Vertical Structure Dimensions / 6.1.1: |
Lateral Dimensions / 6.1.2: |
Structures that Assist Measurement / 6.1.3: |
Characterization of Composition of Layers and Surfaces / 6.2: |
Atomic Composition / 6.2.1: |
Characterization of the Chemical Surface / 6.2.2: |
Functional Characterization of Nanostructures / 6.3: |
Nanotransducers / 7: |
Design of Nanotransducers / 7.1: |
Nanomechanical Elements / 7.2: |
Nanomechanical Sensors / 7.2.1: |
Nanometer-precision Position Measurements with Conventional Techniques / 7.2.2: |
Electrically Controlled Nanoactuators / 7.2.3: |
Chemically Driven Nanoactuators / 7.2.4: |
Rigidity of Nanoactuators / 7.2.5: |
Nanoelectronic Devices / 7.3: |
Electrical Contacts and Nanowires / 7.3.1: |
Nanostructured Tunneling Barriers / 7.3.2: |
Quantum Dots and Localization of Elementary Particles / 7.3.3: |
Nanodiodes / 7.3.4: |
Electron Islands and Nanotransistors / 7.3.5: |
Nanoswitches, Molecular Switches and Logic Elements / 7.3.6: |
Nanooptical Devices / 7.4: |
Nanostructures as Optical Sensors / 7.4.1: |
Nanostructured Optical Actuators / 7.4.2: |
Nanooptical Switching and Conversion Elements / 7.4.3: |
Magnetic Nanotransducers / 7.5: |
Chemical Nanoscale Sensors and Actuators / 7.6: |
Technical Nanosystems / 8: |
What are Nanosystems? / 8.1: |
Systems with Nanocomponents / 8.2: |
Entire Systems with Nanometer Dimensions / 8.3: |
Table of Examples |
References |
Index |
Introduction / 1: |
The Way into the Nanoworld / 1.1: |
From Micro- to Nanotechniques / 1.1.1: |
Definition of Nanostructures / 1.1.2: |
Insight into the Nanoworld / 1.1.3: |
Intervention into the Nanoworld / 1.1.4: |